Journal of Engineering and Sustainable Development (JEASD)

Reactive Powder Concrete (RPC) represents one of the latest developments in concrete technology. The material and mechanical characteristics of RPC are significantly greater than the current ordinary concretes types classified as high-performance concrete. In this paper, the necessary equations are derived for the ultimate analysis of short rectangular RPC columns under combined axial load plus uniaxial bending. The derived equations are used to draw the required interaction diagrams which represent actual failure envelopes of eccentrically loaded RPC columns.To enable a close comparison with the corresponding interaction diagrams of ordinary reinforced concrete (ORC) columns, a 300X500 mm RPC column having concrete compressive strength f_c^,=110 MPa and steel yield stress f_y=400 MPa is analyzed twice (for steel ratio ρ=0.01 and ρ=0.03). The obtained interaction diagrams are compared with the corresponding interaction diagrams of ORC column having same cross section, same steel properties but different concrete compressive strength f_c^,=20.7 MPa. The comparison showed that failure envelopes of RPC columns, being influenced by the compression and tension capacities of concrete and yield stress of steel bars, are significantly larger than the corresponding failure envelopes of ORC columns which depend on the compression capacity of concrete only and the yield stress of steel bars.

The main objective of this research is to elucidate the performance of moved center pivot sprinklers irrigation systems under different conditions, and examine the hydraulic uniformity coefficient according to (Heermann and Hein 2007) under different system layouts. The uniformity of water application under a field center pivot (used as experimental system) is determined by setting out 102 catch containers along a line extending radially from the point 312m away from the center of the pivot. To support the result that measured form the filed, software program named (EPANET2) was used as a computerized approach to confirm the field result through the comparing between the field and the software program outputs. The filed results indicated that the overall average seasonal value of the uniformity coefficient for the field center-pivot was 73% which indicates a good uniformity coefficient. The comparison between the field results with the EPANET2 software outputs indicates a good agreements (Not exceed 5% average error).

The goal of real-time mobile robots is to travel in the shortest path between two points in a navigation environment. Autonomous navigation allows robots to planning this path without the need for human intervention. In this paper, Autonomous navigation mobile robot system has been simulated by MATLAB which a camera is used to snapshotting robot environment represented by maze while image processing techniques are used for extracting maze parameters. These parameters are used to planning the shortest path between start point and target based on Depth-first Search (DFS) and Breadth-first Search (BFS) searching algorithms.

Wind energy is by far the fastest-growing renewable energy resource. The power extracted from the wind can be optimized or restricted by adjusting the blades pitch angles of the wind turbine. The wind turbine model is highly nonlinear; therefore, an intelligent controller should be designed to adjust the pitch angles of the blades. In this paper, the fuzzy- ART (ART for Adaptive Resonance Theory) network has been used to control the angle between the incoming wind direction and the chord line of the blade. Simulation results show that the proposed controller is very effective to adjust the pitch angles.

A Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) is a communication system designed to allow the users who has suffer of totally paralysis to send messages or commands without sending them through the brains normal output pathway. The overall objective of this project is to design and implement an algorithm that could separate and classify task-related Electroencephalography (EEG) signals which is the movement of right or left index finger from ongoing EEG signals by using the Independent Component Analysis (ICA). This separation would effectively speed the classification of EEG patterns. The task-related EEG signals were taken and classified using adaptive pattern classifier which is consist of combing the Kohonen Self-Organizing Map (SOM) with Learning Vector Quantization (LVQ). The algorithm was trained and tested using offline EEG signals measured according to ten-twenty International system obtained from a computerized EEG system in Ibn-Rushd Hospital.

a food restaurant approach is proposed in this paper. The proposed approach is based on moving the customer to request meal and how the sensitivity for changes by applying a new tool for modeling and simulating works of the restaurant.Colored Petri nets (CPNs) are applied in modeling specific characteristics of restaurant system, and suppose the customer moving through the restaurant by a token firing. Furthermore GPenSIM (General Purpose Petri Net Simulator) is used as a new tool for modeling and simulating of discrete event system. GPenSIM is realized as a toolbox for the MATLAB platform, so that diverse toolboxes that available in the MATLAB environment.

Experimental and Numerical investigation of heat transfer enhancement in shell and helical coil tube heat exchanger is carried out in the present work. Experimental work included design of helical coil heat exchanger with different curvature ratio and coil pitch. Three helical coil tube heat exchangers with different curvature ratio (D/d) 12/1, 15/1, 17/1, 20/1 and 24/1 are studied to choose the optimum one. Four helical coils with different coil pitch 1.8d, 2d, 3d, and 5d has been chosen to study the effect of coil pitch on heat transfer coefficient. From experimental results the curvature ratio 17/1 gives optimum helical coil. Experimental results show increases of coil pitch lead to increasing in heat transfer coefficient of the shell side and indicate that convective heat transfer is increased by Reynolds number as well as Dean Number.Numerical geometry has been built using ansys fluent package 14.1 commercial copy with solid work and gambit software program depends on the optimum design .

Cascading chaotic of a non linear system with high Order has been used to increase the security and to prevent eavesdropper of knowledge for processor stage number increasing. The new system contains five variation parameters and exhibits Lorenz and Rossler like attractors in numerical simulations. The basic dynamical properties of the new system are analyzed by means of equilibrium points, eigenvalue structures. The use of high dimensional chaotic system like Lorenz (Transmitter and Receiver) Rossler (Controller) system will give a more complex structure, more system variables, and parameters. A new kind of dual-chaos encryption algorithm which takes Logistic mapping as chaos model has been designed and analyzed. A sequence is adopted for mapping chaos of integer space in high order to solve limited precision expression problem, dual-chaos system expend control parameters and increase complexity of chaos behavior to resisted attraction of chaos reconstruction.

Solar energy is one of the best option for electrical energy generation as it is available everywhere and it is renewable. To generate electrical energy from solar energy the solar photovoltaic panels are used. The solar photovoltaic panels are low-efficiency devices, they convert small amount of solar energy. In order to extract more of solar energy and hence increasing the efficiency of the solar photovoltaic panels, a tracking systems are used to track the sun position and let the solar photovoltaic panels facing the sun as long as possible. In our work the simulation design and control of a single axis tracking system is presented, practical implementation of the single axis tracking system has been presented. The single axis tracking system has the ability to rotate the solar photovoltaic panels in horizontal axis and in both clockwise and anticlockwise directions. The amount of the horizontal rotation is directly obtained from the voltage difference between two photosensors fixed on the positive and negative sides of the x-axis of the solar photovoltaic panel. The rotation of DC motor has been controlled by the 89C51 microcontroller.

The purpose of this paper is to give a practical introduction to web services and describe their increased importance in information technology world, also Explain everything about Web Services in .Net, web services benefits, explain what web service mean and how it differ from websites technology, also give practical examples to illustrate how to design and implement web services using .NET and C#, and how to lead auser to reach and consume (use) web service in network distributed systems and internet.

In this paper a modified scheme that offers both encryption and compression will be presents. The proposed scheme is based on a randomized MQ – coder, where a chaotic sequence that act as the encryption key, will be used instead of the random number that used by standard MQ - coder. Furthermore, for reliable communications, Reed-Solomon code is proposed as channel coding for secure data transmission over the wireless channel.

The Code division multiple access (CDMA) and adaptive antenna system(AAS)system are two approaches that show realpromise for increasing spectrum efficiency. In this research, we investigate the performance of AAS in the CDMA transceiver. The CDMA transceiver has been developed to adaptively correct antenna impedance mismatch.AAS has been deployed at the receiver module to reduce the fading effects caused by proposedStanford University Interim(SUI)channels model. SUI channel model proposes a set of six empirical time-dispersive channels for three typical terrain type'sAAS uses various beamforming techniques to focus the wireless beam between the base station and the subscriber station. In this work, the transmitter (SS) and receiver (BS) are fixed and AAS installed at the receiver is used to direct the main beam towards the desired LOS signal and nulls to the multipath signals. Least Mean Square (LMS) algorithm is used. It has been proved through Matlab simulations that the performance of the system significantly improves by AAS in SUI channel model has been proposed for simulations, design, development and testing of technologies suitable for CDMA transceiver.

flocs can be separated from waters depending on their stability, size, density, etc., and according to literatures the velocity gradient of the flow is the main design parameter of the flocculators, but there is a need to take into account at least the flocs age, and the effect of temperature too. This paper will study these factors. Temperature is known to affect flocculation and settling phenomena. Jar tests have been conducted in the sanitary laboratory of Almustansiriya University using square jar test apparatus to assess the effects of temperature on floc formation and settling efficiency. For raw water turbidities of 500 and 1000 NTU, the results show that the decrease in water temperature will impair the floc strength and virtually floc formation efficiency and causing bad settling, therefore prolonged flocculation time at low temperatures will break the big formed flocs into smaller ones again and reduce settling efficiency, thus in winter care must be taken in drinking water plant to set suitable flocculation time. It was also observed that the effect of temperature on floc formation and strength becomes less effective with increase the initial turbidity.

Seven tests were conducted on RPC T- beams with three steel fiber-volume fractions (0, 1, and 2%), three shear span-depth ratios (a/d) (2.5, 3.5, and 4.3), and three silica fume percentage (SF) (15, 20 and 25%). Based on observed data from the present experimental tests and other investigations, non-linear regression models are proposed for predicting the compressive strength (f_cf^') , splitting tensile strength (f_spf) and modulus of rupture (f_rf) of RPC . in addition , an equation is also proposed for the prediction of the shear capacity(Vu) of RPC T-sections. The accuracy of the proposed equations are examined by comparison with similar existing equations and available experimental results.Keywords: shear capacity, Reactive Powder Concrete& Tee Beams

The autoclave expansion test (ASTM C151- 05) is one of the internationally used tests in detecting the unsoundness of Portland cements. The factors affecting test results were reviewed. A statistical analysis of 130 autoclave test results was done. Each result represents the average of a month production, for four Iraqi cement factories. Based on that, a mathematical model was built to predict the autoclave expansion for Iraqi Portland cements. The coefficient of determination, R2, was 0.97. The model was tested with new raw data and the predictions were highly correlated to the experimental results (r = 0.92). Moreover, a t-test was carried out and it showed that there is no difference between means of experimental and predicted sets of values. The good predictions give the chance to make use of the model in saving time and money.