Journal of Kirkuk University Humanity Studies

Abstract

This is a literary study devoted to underline the quotation method followed by two narrators selected as two samples of Andalusia poetic quotations during the Period of Al-Murabiteen and Al-Muwahideenin Morocco and Andalusia, they are Al-Qadhi el Ayyadh(died in 544Hijri) and Abu-el Rabeea Bin Salim (died in 634 Hijri) equivalently. The researcher depended on the descriptive-analytical in his study which lies in two chapters preceded by an introduction and ended by a conclusion. The most important finding of the study was that there was no any disagreement about the concept of quotation of poetry in general and the two narrators had a lot in common.

lt is about a play by LeRio Jones, later known as Amiri Baraka, in which he presents an image of American society showing an encounter between a black man and a white woman who meet in a train. When the play begins we are introduced to the two characters who indulge ina discussion that develops into a fight that ends with the death of the man who is killed by the white woman. After that the body of the bourgeois black man is got rid of by the persons in the wagon as they are ordered by the killer.
The aim of the study is to show that the play was intended to be a revolutionary play that aimed at agitating the black people against the injustice practiced by the whitemen in American society at the time.

In the last two decades, many studies have been conducted to investigate speech act performance in general, and the speech act of refusal to suggestion in particular. This genus of research has focused on western languages (Beebe et al, 1990), (Chen, 1996), (Fe´lix-Brasdefer, 2006). However, more recently a number of studies have been carried out in eastern languages (Geyang, 2007), with only a few in Arabic language and its varieties (Nelson, 2002), (Al-Issa, 2003), (Al-Kahtani, 2005). This study is an attempt to investigate the strategies employed by Kurdish students in refusing offers and requesting. This study is also trying to answer two questions related as to whether the participations in question follow the same English strategies classified by Beebe and others (1990) or not, as well as the impact of the gender factor on these strategies. The corpus consists of responses to a Discourse Completion Test (DCT) that consisted of six different situations. The informants were 24 Kurdish native speakers (12 males and 12 females) studying at University of Duhok, Kurdish department 4th stage. The survey was written in Kurdish language to elicit responses that approximate verbal refusals to suggestion that might be given in these situations. The participants are required to provide written data to express their refusals to these situations. The data gathered have been descriptively analyzed according to the content, frequency and order of semantic formulas used by Beebe et al. (ibid). In order to arrive at statistical results, the percentage of the most frequently used strategies was counted.
Key words: speech act of refusal, offer, request, semantic formula.

Abstract

Flourished Arabic literature in modern communities and stationed prosperous great، has not seen his counterpart in the ages that preceded it; This is because modern communities and stationed were Aithamlan maturation culture and Ana fruit that Tahdtha care and pubic for three centuries، and we can say has become the Andalusians personal and clear in their hair Astmduha of their environment، which was a source of inspiration، and the first glimpse of the impact Andalusian permission is to try a number of poets escape collar tradition، this son Way tried to walk in the Midhath approach may seem unfamiliar، and through a combination of spinning and praise at home poetic one، thus becoming Midhath in missionary Ameri structure vagueness and the absence، and this structure is most stand out and realized when I'm Way، who lives within the confines of a missionary Ameri owner Miroqh who was one of the most governors communities to encourage poets to conduct tract Bank، and this encouragement is no longer the seer son Way that block exposed as much as become a structure ambiguity and a field open to interpretation that needs to dive into the human self with all it represents the depth and affiliation.
Since the composition of poetry is a breach of the base language، and the rule is that pattern reactionary who respected each trader for a particular language; until guarantees for his ease of communication and the exercise of certain effect to the extent that the formation is present، the rule represents an absence، and this is not clear، but by revealing to fathom text and detect indications، this study has been divided on the following themes:
- The absence of the subject.
- The absence of acclaimed.
- The absence of the beloved.

ABSTRACT

Poetry as an art form is deeply related with the idea of " rejection" since the early stages of its germination and until now. This idea is embedded in poetry because of the social problems and the contradictions of life.
This study falls into three sections and a conclusion, section one deals with concept of rejecting and the established standing rules of authority which was one of the major beliefs of the outsiders poets.
Section two: tackles the concept of a evolution it shows how the poets revolted against the rules of government and authority in order to formalize their own vision of the future.
Section three: deals with the idea of the reorganization of the world according to the poets', beliefs.
Then follows the conclusion which sums up. the findings of the tudy.

Abstract

From the poets that the critical studies didn't care with his poetic properties is " Abo Shama Al Damashqi" who fulfilled his study the professor Dr. Sami Maki Al – Anni who observed " his life and poetry" .
The thesis cared with watching the properties of his poetical from, and our researches of study depended on the clear artistic properties in his poetry that means we follow it'sdistincsdistrialy , and we are not study the poetry from in general , therefor we are in case of study the distincts in poetry of Abo Shama Al – Damashqi .
Our study consists of two researches. The first research studied the creations which are used by rhetorical arts , and we selected from them the imitation , and borrowing , and figurative and met only my and conformity and good of justification .
The other research studied other forms and creations of description , that we saw them repeated and formed artistic creation , and we selected from them , the audio shape and moving the shape and it's references .
The study is completed with summary , and included the summary observing the privacy of poet style , and observing the partner with others therefore the researches and evidences took these considerations.