Wasit Journal of Engineering Sciences

The paper presents Determination of pressures and flow for an Electro-pneumatic elevator system controlled by PLC to achieve the requirements modifications for improve presence model. The controller used for the prototype was implemented inLadder logic on a PLC. The PLC used for this work is (LS\GLOFA-G7M-DR20A) series with (8) input and (12) output and the expansion modal (G7E-DR10A) series with (6) input and (4) output and become (14) input and (16) output. The PLC is programmed with Ladder diagram. This develop of a new elevator system is expected to be effective at ideal design in low-rise internal buildings when this elevator type are used.

One of the major concerns currently and within the close future is the adequate management and efficient reuse and recycling of wastes, which reduces the natural sources and energy consumption. Millions of tons of waste glass are dischargedaround the world annually. One of the successful policies of the recycling of waste glass is the use in the construction industry where it can be used as aggregate or cement replacement. In the current study, fine recycled glass with granular size of 0.075 to 0.3 mm wasused as silica sand replacement in cementitious composites incorporated fly ash and no coarse aggregate. Cube and prism specimens were prepared with four replacement ratios of 0, 25, 50, and 100% to evaluate the compressive strength, the modulus of rupture, and the expansion. The test results showed that 50% and 100% replacements of silica sand by fine glass enhanced both the compressive strength and the modulus of rupture. For mixtures with 100% fine recycle glass, the compressivestrength and the modulusof rupture increased by 25% and 33.6%, respectively, compared to mixtures with 100% silica sand. Moreover, the expansion was found to be reduced by approximately 30% as the silica sand was fully replaced by fine glass

In this paper, numerical study has been conducted for using PCM as thermal insulation materials by incorporating it with layers of walls and ceiling of buildings. The effect of PCM and its role in improvement of thermal performance and thermal comfort is numerically studied. ESP-r software program has been used for numerical simulation in this paper. Energy plus weather database software was used to create climate date for Kut city (32.5oN 45.8 oE) that used for simulation in this study. Two identical rooms were inserted in software ESP-r with dimensions (1.5m*1.5m*1m), the first is standard room for comparison and the second is test room for experimenting. Many cases were studied according to the thickness of the PCM and according to the orientation (North wall, South wall, East wall, West wall, and ceiling). Results obtained showed a reductionin indoor temperature of the zone and the reduction in the cooling load and as a result saving in electricity consumption withusing PCM as insulation materials.

The thermal performance of FPHPSC has been studied experimentally and theoretically. The collector consists of copper absorber plate, single glass cover, glass wool insulation and aluminum case, ten wickless heat pipes of 12.7 mm inner diameter. The experimental studies of collector performance have been performed on four different CTA (22°, 32°, 45° and 60°). The relation between the solar intensity and the collector energy losses are also discussed. The collector are tested under the climate condition ofKut city (32.602 latitude and 45.752 longitude). It is investigated that the increasing of CTA increase the efficiency of collector up to certain limit after that the efficiency decreases with the increasing of tilt angle of collector. A computer program which is based on VISUAL BASICE language (version 6) is made for the theoretical analysis. The experimental results agree reasonably with the theoretical predictions.

In this paper investigation experimentally the effect of CuO-water and Al2O3/waternanofluids on heat transfer in flat plate solar collector. The volume fraction was used (0.125,0.25 and 0.5) % for flow flow rate of working fluid equal to (1 L/min) and the particles size was 20 nm. The experiments are conducted in Kerbala, Iraq with the latitude of32.60N. The result shows that the maximum outlet-inlet temperatures difference obtained at (0.5 vol. %) nanofluid are (16.2 0C) for (Al2O3/water), (15.50C) for (CuO/water) nanofluid, and(10.2 0C) for pure water. Also,Al2O3shows high heat transfer compared to CuO, this lead toimprove the performance of the solar fat-plate collector.

This study is aimed to optimize the conversion of kinetic wind energy into electrical energy. Wind energy is a sustainable energy that is preferred to generate electricity for its low generation cost and low CO2 emissions. The considerations of physical principles of a horizontal axis wind turbine were involved in the study. Controlling of the blade angle deviation andthe turbine rotation direction was also considered. For this purpose, a complete wind turbine system was setup by using the computerized simulation software (PSCAD). The system was running at five different cases with different wind speeds and different angles of the blade. The system was successfully generating a maximum output power from the wind turbine based on the changing of the deflection angle of the blade. Also the system would shut down if there were no matching between the wind speed and its direction with the angle of the blade

Improvement of free convection heat transfer from three finned cylinders arranged at a triangle shape fixed betweentwo walls has been investigated in this study. Three mild steel finned cylinders fixed between two walls from Pyrex glass have been used as a test rig. It has been changed the spacing between the cylinders (X/D=1,2,3 & S/D=2,4,6) and theheadorientation of atriangle to the top under constant heat flux values (38, 254, 660, 1268) W/m2and compare with case of three finned cylinders arranged in vertical array in line fixed between two wall. The experiments are carried for Rayleigh number (Ra) from (15x103to 14 x104) and Prandtl number from (0.706-0.714 ).The results indicated an increase in Nu with increasing Ra for all cylinders. Furthermore,hxand Nu increased proportionally with the increasing of cylinder spacings for all heat fluxes. Also the experimental results show the case of triangle arrangement is improvement the heat transfer more than case of vertical arrangement.Heat transfer dimensionless correlating equation is also proposed.

This research is designed to investigate the Rice husk (RH) adsorption capability on cyanide ion (CN -) removal from wastewater. Several operating parameters were investigated in order to obtain the optimal removal efficiency using such agricultural by product media. The operation parameters were pH, initial concentration of the cyanide ion (Ci), adsorbent media height (Hm), Process time (tp), and Temperature(T) of the wastewater. The results showed that the removal efficiency could reach 97 % at the optimum operating conditons. Removal efficiency increased with increasing of adsorbent media height, increasing of pH also shows increasing in removal efficiency till pH 7 and then decreased slowly. Increasing temperature has a good effect on enhancing removal efficiency but such effect weakens when temperature exceeds 40oC. For process time the removal efficiency showssteep increasing rate till 40 min and then the rate slowed down. Removal efficiency decreased rapidly with increasing of initial concentration (Ci ≤ 20 mg/l), then it shows slower decreasing rate.

The main purpose of this study is to test the ability of competition fluid dynamic (CFD) model which (FLUENT) program to simulate the flow over broad crested weir with lower cost and lesser time. This purpose is done by operating an experimentalmodel in the laboratory and then validating this model in the GAMBIT program and FLUENT (ANSYS R 15.0), by comparing the results. The FLUENT can solve Navier-Stokes equations of the flow numerically, the volume of fluid method (VOF) and Standard k–ε turbulence equation is depended to simulate water level. Generally, it can be established that the experimental results of flow have a good agreement with the numerical results. The percentage of error (RE %) between numerical and experimental discharge is 2.94%, while the maximum RE % for water level is 6.25%. The numerical results of flow over broad crested weir showed in counter and vector results, and the streamlines of flow was clear than that of the experimental model. Finally, the FLUENT proved that canit be relied upon in future by designing weirs without needing to work experimentally

The rapid development in technology of building materials and systems could be easily observed these days in the huge building advances such as achieving building sizes, shapes, forms and speed of building which could never be achieved by using ordinary building materials. One of the interested break overs in building materials technologies is Nano-Concrete. Nano-Concrete is the substance of adding nanomaterial to concrete. Nano-concrete has special specifications and properties when compared withthe ordinary concrete mixes such as adding Nano SiO2, Nano TiO2and Carbon Nano tubes to improve performance and structural resistance. This extended the limits of building technologies thus enabling architects to achiev more complex forms with higher performance, or giving the concrete special properties such as light pass-through concrete or self-compacting concrete.