Ibn Al-Haitham Journal For Pure and Applied Sciences

1

Consequences of Soil Crude Oil Pollution on Some Wood Properties of Olive Trees

Hassan H. Ali, Basim A. Abd Ali

Pages: 1-6 English

Abstract

To enlighten the extent of crude oil pollution effects on some anatomical characteristics of olive plant (Olea europaea ). Two years - old seedlings were chosen to grow under 5 levels of pollution (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0, liter/ plant). The experiment has been conducted in the experimental field of Natural History Research Center and Museum, University of Baghdad. It was designed as CRD experiment. Testing wood specimens were prepared after 2.5 years of growth. Fiber length, width, wall thickness, and wood specific gravity were measured. Results showed that olive plants could not resist the highest level ( 3 liters / plant ) of pollution .Fiber length was the most affected property by treatment. All fiber dimensions were decreased with the increase of pollution level. The reduction was unsystematic. 12% of the fiber length was reduced as a result of pollution. Wood specific gravity of polluted plants showed few higher values than that of control. Lower parts of stem seemed to be more affected, that may be because these parts are fare away from crown ( the source of oxen ).

Keywords

crude oil. Olive Pollution properties soil Wood

2

Isolation and Identification of the (Myxococcus xanthus) Myxobacterium from the Grave Soil

Halah A.H. Al-Jebori

Pages: 7-13 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

The study was performed to isolate and identify the Myxococcus

xanthus from (50) samples of grave soils .Special growth conditions had been used to support the growth of M.
xanthus and to suppressed the growth of other microorganisms like (Drying , High concentration of antibiotics and specific growth media)
M. . xanthus isolates had been subjected to the morphological, cultural and biochemical examinations for identification . Results obtaind could be summarized as follows : 1. Myxobacteria were found as normal flora inhabitants of the arid soils. 2. Ten local isplates of M. xanthus out of (50) soil samples were isolated as fruiting bodies depending on baiting technique by baker ' s yeast. 3. Soil extract agar with baker 's yeast was suitable for obtaining the best growth of vegetative swarms as pure culture

Keywords

grave soil ØŒMyxococcus xanthus Myxobacterium

Keywords

grave soil ØŒMyxococcus xanthus Myxobacterium

3

External Morphological Study of Coenagrion lindenii (Selys, 1840) (Odonata: Zygoptera: Coenagrionidae) in Iraq.

Hassan S. Al-Asady, Asmaa H. Al-Hashmi

Pages: 14-23 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

The present study introduces detailed description of Coenagrion lindenii (Selys, 1840). External morphological characters of the three body region were used included male genitalia. Such characters were supported by illustration. Date and place of collection were recorded. Both the genus and species are recorded recently to Iraq

Keywords

Coenagrionidae- Coenagrion- Zygoptera- Odonata

4

Effect of Variety, Gibberellic Acid Concentration and Spraying Duration on Steroidal Saponine Concentration of Trigonella foenum â€“ graecum L.

Abbas J. H. Al-Saedy, Mahir Z. Faysal

Pages: 24-38 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

A biological experiment was conducted in the field of Biology Department-College of Education (Ibn Al-Haitham) University of Baghdad for growing season of (2004-2005), to study the effect of two varieties of the fenugreek plant (Trigonella foenum â€“ graeccum L.) and gibberellic acid concentration (0, 25, 50, 100, 125) part per million and duration of four spraying (15, 20, 25, 30) day determining concentration medicinal active saponine compounds like (Trigonelline, choline, Carpaine and Gentianine). The experiment was performed according to complete Randomize Complete Blocks Design (RBCD) by three replicate was adopted, means were compared by using the least significant difference at (0.05) probability level. Results showed that the concentration of Gibberellic acid the duration of spraying and the varieties have different effective Steroidal Saponine compounds percentage in the fenugreek plant. The two varieties showed difference in response regarding their content of steroidal saponine for the Indian variety surpassed the local variety in the compounds neotigogenin, smilagenin and yamogenin ; while the local variety surpassed the Indian variety in the seeds content of tigogenin and diosgenin .

Keywords

Gibberellic acid Spraying duration Steroidal Saponine Variety

5

Effect of Water Stress and Hydrogen Peroxide and Potassium on the Growth and Yield of (Zea mays L.)

Ismail khalil AL-Samerria, Hamadallah Sulaiman Rahi, Asaad Kadhim Abdullah

Pages: 39-49 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

An experiment was conducted in the field, Department of field crops , College of Agriculture , University of Baghdad during fall season 2011. To study the effect of interaction of water stress and hydrogen peroxide and potassium on the growth and yield of maize plant cultivar Bohooth 106. It Included the study of three levels of water stresses of 40 , 60 and 80% of the available water , (D1 , D2 and D3) respectively, three levels of hydrogen peroxide of concentrations (0 , 15 and 30 Mm), and foliar application of potassium at the concentration of 3000 mg K. L-1 K2SO4 and without applied potassium.. Split â€“ Split with RCBD design with three replications were used. The levels of water stresses occupied the main plots , potassium levels were in the sub- plots and the maize seed soaked with hydrogen peroxide occupied sub- sub plots. The results showed that water stress (D3) and H2O2 (30) Mm significatly reduced the plant propreties ( LSA , dry matter weight , 500 grain weight , grain and biological yield) whereas k significantly increased these plant propreties

Keywords

hydrogen peroxide potassium Water stress Zea mays

6

Effect of Lepidium Sativum Leaves Extract and Pumpkin Seeds on Growth of Pimpinella Anisum

Wifak Amjad Al-kaisy, Aliya H. Lafta, Rasha H. Fadhl

Pages: 50-55 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

The field experiment was conducted at botanical garden of Department of Biology, College of Education for Pure Science/ Ibn-Al-Haitham, University of Baghdad to study the effect of Lepidium sativum leaves extract and pumpkin seeds Cucurbita pepo in two concentrations 10% and 20% on physiological characters ofPimpinella anisum. The results showed that in either concentration plant heights, dry weight, biological yield, economic yield, weight of 100 fruits, harvest index, absolute growth rate (AGR) were all increased and percentage of oil in fruits as compared with control plants

Keywords

Lepidium sativum percentage of oil% Pimpinella anisum pumpkin seeds

7

The Effect of Power He-Ne Laser on Growth of Dermatophyte Trichophyton mentagophytes

Hayfaa A. Yousif, May M. Abdullah, Dhuha S. Abdulhamed, Riyadh S. Habbaba

Pages: 56-67 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the effect of low power a semi-conductor He-Ne laser 4 mw power with 635 nm length on the growth and cell viability of dermatophyte Trichophyton mentagophytes. For this study, skin samples of 22 patents were collecting; those patients were suffering from dematophytsis caused by the dermatophytes, three isolates were diagnosed in dermatophytes group were T. mentagophytes. Results showed that rays of semi-conductor laser with 635 nm wavelength of 4 mn power have affected the fungal growth T. mentagophytes (the ideal isolates) in sold media when exposed to laser radiation in different periods of 10-20 second duration, but the other two isolates gave negative results. The effects of He-Ne laser rays in dry weight matter, the results showed that the change of radiationâ€™s time did not inhibit largely the fungal growth. According to the above results it showed that how He-Ne laser rays within 10-20 second radiation time are effective in medical treatment of experimental skin infection with T. mentagophytes. Furthermore results showed a synergistic effect between He-Ne laser and the antifungal clotrimazole on cells through reducing the minimum inhibitory concentration of antifungal after radation.

Keywords

Dermatophytes. He-Ne laser Trichophyton mentagophytes

8

The Effect of Camel Milk &Urine in Viability of Entamoeba histolytica Growing in Culture Media LEM

Basad Aqrab Al-aboody, Huda N. Faris, WafaÂ´a Hassan Al hassany

Pages: 68-75 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

This study included the isolation of the parasite Entamoeba histolytica from bloody mucoid diarrhea specimens of patients suffering from amoebic dysentery and cultivation of parasite in Locke-egg medium (LEM) to study the effect of camel's milk and urine on the viability of E . histolytica with different concentrations (1 , 5 and 10 % ). The ability of camel's milk and urine in inhibiting the E . histolytica viability is examined after 24 and 48 h of incubation The results showed that the activity of camel's milk and urine was directly proportional with the increase in concentration and incubation period. Since the highest rate of parasite death reached ( 99.5% and 99.4% ) in 10% milk and urine respectively after 48 h of incubation while the rate of parasite death was reached after 24 h of incubation and to the same concentration ( 94.2% and 96.2% ) of milk and urine respectively, control group was (4.2% and 6.5% ) after 24 and 48 h of incubation respectively.

Keywords

Entamoeba histolytica ØŒ amoebiasis ØŒ Milk ØŒTreatment

9

The Effect of Aqueous Extract and Essential Oils of the Leaves of Eucalyptus incrassate on Î²- Lactam Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Ehab D. Salman, Abbas J. H. AL-Saedi, Amel Gh. M. AL-Kazzaz, Suhad S. Yahya

Pages: 76-82 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

According to the extraction procedure , Eucalyptus incrassata leave sample yielded 5% and 2% w/w(Based on dry leaves ) of the aqueous extract and essential oils respectively. Disk diffusion method was used to determine the antimicrobial activity of aqueous extract and essential oils of E . incrassata leaves against eight isolates of multidrug- resistant of Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus) . It was found that aqueous extract and essential oils have variable antimicrobial activity(the inhibition zone diameter ranged from 7 to 14 mm respectively ) , while essential oils showed more effect than aqueous extract . It was noticed that values of Minimal Inhibitory Concentration ( MIC ) for aqueous extract is different from MIC of essential oils and these values were ranged from12.5 to 75mg/ml . It was also found that isolates collected from wound infections showed high resistance against aqueous extract and essential oils with MIC ranged from 50-75mg/ml, these variation in the MIC are probably due to some virulence factors which have a unique genetic determinant . The results indicated that the potential usefulness of the aqueous extract and essential oils of Eucalyptus incrassata as an antimicrobial agent can be used in the treatment of multidrugresistant S. aureus infectious .

Keywords

Aqueous extract essential oils . Eucalyptus incrassate Î²- lactam Staphylococcus aureus

10

Characterization of CdO film AFM and XRD Diffraction Using Rietveld Refinement

Tarq A. Al-Dhahir, Ziad T. Khodair

Pages: 83-92 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

Nano particles of Cadmium Oxide (CdO) thin films were prepared by spray pyrolysis technique. The synthesized film is annealed at (200 , 300, 450) o C for 3 hours . The XRD and AFM for the analysis of its structural and micro-structural characteristic has been preformed. The average grain size was found to be about 32.50 nm .There is a preferred orientation along (200) plane with texture coefficient 1.79, 1.644, 1.763 and 1.792 for deposited and annealed films, corresponding to grain size 57,58 ,51 and 51 nm. The variations of stress with temperature is ranged from 0.157 - 0.376 GPa .

Keywords

grain size Nano CdO Preferred orientation Rietveld Refinement Spray pyrolysis

11

Multiple Mixing Ratios of Gamma Rays Reaction 32 70 70 33 ( , ) Ge p n As Î³ Using a2-ratio Method.

Taghreed A. Younis

Pages: 93-101 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

The Î´-mixing of Î³-transitions in 70As populated in the 32 70 70 33 ( , ) Ge p n As Î³
reaction is
calculated in the present work by using the a2-ratio methods. In one work we applied this method for two cases, the first one is for pure transition and the sacend one is for non pure transition, We take into account the experimental a2-coefficient for previous works and Î´ -values for one transition only.The results obtained are, in general, in a good agreement within associated errors, with those reported previously , the discrepancies that occur are due to inaccuracies existing in the experimental data of the previous works.

Keywords

(Gamma transition a2 â€“ ratio method ) 101 Mixing Ratios

12

A Study Mechanical Properties for Bark Fiber Reinforced Polyester Composit

Hann H. Salman

Pages: 102-106 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

Bark fiber has high potential use for composite reinforcement in biocomposite material. The aim of this study is the mechanical properties of Bark fiber reinforced polester composite with varying fiber weight fraction (0% , 5% , 10% , 20%, 30% and 40%) hand lay-up technique which was used to prepare the composite , specimens for tensile , flexural and impact test according to the ASTM D638 , ASTMD790 , and Iso-179. The over all results showed that the composite is reinforced with Bark fiber at weight (10%) higher mechanical properties , and the composite showed improved mechanical (Flexural).

Keywords

Natural fibre;Polyester Composite; Mechanical propperties

13

The Effect of Al2O3 Additives on Some Mechanical Properties of Un Saturated Polyester Resin

Suad Hamed Leabi

Pages: 107-114 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

This study included preparation for the unsaturated polyester samples before and after reinforced by the Alumina oxide powder of different volume fraction amounting (2%,4%,6%). And this research included the study of some of mechanical properties such as (Hardness,compressive,wear). The results showed that the increase of the hardness and compressive strength after the reinforced and the increase with the volume fraction increase. As the wear test shows that the wear rate increases with applied load increase(5,10,15) from (10.6-18.6) gm/cm befor reninforced and from(5.4-15.2)gm/cm,(4.7-12.9)gm/cm,(48.1)gm/cm,after reinforced from the different volume fraction, and the wear rate decrease with the volume fraction increase

Keywords

compressive Hardness Volume fraction

14

Calculation of the Radionuclide Concentrations in Samples of Condiments by Using Gamma Spectroscopy System

Qabas A. J. Yaseen, Auday T. Subhi, Ala A. Hadi

Pages: 115-120 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

The aim of this work is to evaluate concentrations of natural and artificial radionuclide in nine different samples of condiments from local markets. The concentrations of 238 U , 232 Th ,40k and 137Cs were measured by using gamma spectroscopy with a high- purity germanium detector. The concentrations of 238 U, 232 Th ,40k and 137Cs were found to be in a range of (21.4 - 91.13), (15.7 - 88.11) , (285.56 â€“ 1100) and (5.1 - 27.5) Bq.kg-1 respectively. These concentrations are not hazardous to public health and the activities are within the allowed levels

Keywords

artificial radioactivity condiments Gamma spectroscopy . Natural radioactivity

15

A study of Some Electrical Properties of Te:S Thin Films Deposited at Angle Ó¨=70o

Farah J. Khadum, Hanaa S. Sabaa

Pages: 121-128 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

In this research a study of some electrical properties Of (Te) thin films with(S) impurities of(1.2%) were deposited at( Ó¨=700)by thermal evaporation technique .The thicknesses of deposited films were (1050 , 1225 , 1400 , 1575 nm) on a glass substrates of different dimensions . From X-ray diffraction spectrum, the films are polycrystalline .A study of (I-V) characteristic for thin films, the measurements of electrical conductivity (Ïƒ)and electrical resistance(R )vs. temperature( T) are done. Further a measurement of thermoelectric power, see beck coefficient and activation energies ( Ea, Es) were computed

Keywords

obliquely deposited films Te S films

16

Optical Properties of Obliquely Evaporated Manganese Films

Salam A.R. Ibrahim, Ra\'ad Saied Al-Rawie, Ibrahim R. Agool

Pages: 129-136 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

The Manganese (Mn) thin films of obliquely and normal deposited were prepared by using thermal evaporation method at pressure 10-5 torr on glass substrate at room temperature. The optical properties of normal and obliquely deposited films are studied and also the effect of deposition angle on these properties. The deposition angle has great influence on the increase of the absorbance, absorption coefficient, extinction coefficient and imaginary dielectric constant and the decrease of the transmittance, reflectance, refractive index and real dielectric constant.

Keywords

oblique deposition self shadowing effect thin films

17

Study the Effect of Zn Doping in the Structural and Electrical Properties of CdTe Thin Films

Alia A. M. Shehab, Iqbal S. N. Abd, Hanaa I. Mohammed

Pages: 137-145 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

Some of structural ,and electrical properties of pure and zinc (Zn) doped cadmium telluride thin films with impurity percentages (0.5, 1, 1.5)%, deposited on hot glass substrate (temperature equals to 423K) of thickness of 300nm and rate deposition of 0.5 nm.s-1 by thermal co-evaporation technique under vacuum of (2Ã—10-5)Torr have been investigates. The structural properties for the prepared films were studied before and after. doping process by analysis of the X-ray diffraction, and it appeared that pure and dopant CdTe thin films are polycrystalline and have the cubic structure with preferential orientation in the [111] direction, and the crystal structure of the films were improved due to doping process. From d.c.electrical conductivity in range of (291-495)K, we noticed that there are two activation energies Ea1 and Ea2, and their values decrease with the..increase.of.Zn.percentages,so..(Ïƒd.c.)..of..those..thin.films.increase . From Hall.effect. measurements we showed that the..(Ïƒd.c.).. for CdTe thin film is of n-type and converted to p-type when they adopted with Zn, and charge carrier concentration increases with the increase of Zn percentages, so Hall mobility (Î¼H) decreases

Keywords

CdTe doping with Zn Structural and Electrical Properties.

18

Design for Two Electrodes Electrostatic Mirror by using the Bimurzaev Technique

Bushra H. Hussein, Ahmad K. Ahmad

Pages: 146-153 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

This paper describes theoretical modeling of electrostatic mirror based on two cylindrical electrodes, A computational investigation has been carried out on the design and properties of the electrostatic mirror. we suggest a mathematical expression to represent the axial potential of an electrostatic mirror. The beam path by using the Bimurzaev technique have been investigated as a mirror trajectory with the aid of Runge â€“ Kutta method. the electrode shape of mirror two electrode has been determined by using package SIMION computer program . The spherical and chromatic aberrations coefficients of mirror has been computed and normalized in terms of the focal length. The choice of the mirror depends on the operational requirements, i.e. each optical element in optical system at low spherical aberration or low chromatic aberration. Computations have shown that the suggested potential gave rise to mirror when the mirror applied by using the Bimurzaev technique is deduced by having the following parameters: Cs=-7.49*10-7 mm, Cc=-2.15*10-4 mm, fR=4.7*10-3mm, L=6mm, C=1volt, D=500 volt.

Keywords

Aberrations Bimurzaev technique Electrostatic mirror SIMION computer program.

19

Derivation of Mathematical Equations to Calculate the Geographical Coordinates of Unknown Position Situated at a Distance from the Observer Position Using GPS Data

Amaal J. Hatem, Taghreed A. Naji, Ali A. Ne\'ma, Naz T. Jar Allah

Pages: 154-160 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

This research introduced the derivation of mathematical equations to calculate the Cartesian and geographical coordinates of a site situated at a far distance from the observer position by using GPS data. The geographical coordinates (Ï•obs., Î» obs., hobs.) for observer position were transformed to Cartesian coordinates (X obs., Y obs., Z obs.) of observer position itself. Then the Cartesian coordinates of unknown position mathematically were calculated from these calculated equations, and its transformed to geographical coordinates of (Ï•unk., Î»unk.) position.

Keywords

Geodetic science Geographical & Cartesian Coordinates Global Positioning System (GPS) World Geodetic System (WGS-84).

20

Measurement and Characterization of Natural Radioactive Contaminants and Industrial for the Sediments Diyala River Basin with Using Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy

Raad M. Nasif, Ahmed F. Mkhaiber, Duraid H. Younis, Auday T. Subhi

Pages: 161-169 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

In this research, we have achieved the description of radionuclides that exist in the samples of Diyala river sediments as well as to measure the specific activities using gamma-ray spectroscopy. The eleven samples were collected among the length of Diyala River starting from Al- Rustumiya and finishing at the point where Diyala River meets Tigris which is in Baghdad. Gamma-ray spectrometry system consists of high-purity germanium detector (HpGe) with 50% efficiency and resolution (2.2 keV) for the energy (1332 keV) was used for standard source 60Co. Card spectrum analyzer connected to the PC type Pentium 4 was used to view the spectrum. And rates of the specific activity for the radionuclides, (214Bi) Equivalent to the specific activity of 238U and (228Ac) Equivalent to the specific activity of 232Th and (40K) in these sediments are (29.997 Bq / kg) and (13.74 Bq / kg) and (839.85 Bq / kg), respectively.In addition to that (4.85 Bq / kg) for nuclide 137Cs. Calculations showed that hazard index (H) for these radionuclides was (0.389 Bq / kg), which is within the allowable limit being less than 1, and approach to recorded some international organizations such as the (WHO) , (ICRP) , (NCRP) and (EPA ) which are within maximum allowed.

Keywords

gamma-ray hazard index specific activity

21

The Effect of Doping by Sr on the Structural, Mechanical and Electrical Characterization of La1Ba1-xSrx Ca2Cu4O8.5+Î´

Kareem A. Jasim, Mohammed A.N. Thejeel, Raghad Subhi Al-Khafaji

Pages: 170-175 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

The Sr doped La1Ba1-xSrx Ca2Cu4O8.5+Î´ samples with 0 â‰¤ x â‰¤ 0.3 had been prepared using the solid state reaction. The samples were claimed at 800Â°C for 3hr, palletized and sintered at 860Â°C for 20hr in air . Dielectric constant and loss by means of capacitance have been investigated with frequencies in the range of 1kHZ to 1MHZ for our samples at room temperature. Also, Shore hardness has been measured. The dielectric constant and loss decrease slightly with the increase of frequency for all compounds. Additionally, the partial substitution of Sr+2 into Ba+2 sites never have effect on the dielectric properties. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed a tetragonal structure and the as grown La1Ba1-xSrx Ca2Cu4O8.5+Î´ correspond to the 1124 phase. It was found that the change of the Sr concentrations of all our samples produces a change in a, c and c/a parameters.

Keywords

Dielectric Properties La1Ba1-xSrx Ca2Cu4O8.5 Î´ Shore hardness

22

A Theoretical Study of Charge Transport y at Au/ ZnSe and Au/ZnS Interfaces Devices

Hadi J. M. Al-Agealy, Mohsin A.H. Hassoni, Mudhar Sh. Ahmad, Rafah I. Noori, Sarab S. Jheil

Pages: 176-187 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

A quantum mechanical description of the dynamics of non-adiabatic electron transfer in metal/semiconductor interfaces can be achieved using simplified models of the system. For this system we can suppose two localized quantum states donor state |Dâ€º and acceptor state |Aâ€º respectively. Expression of rate constant of electron transfer for metal/semiconductor system derived upon quantum mechanical model and perturbation theory for transition between |ð·âŒª and |ð´âŒª state when the coupling matrix element coefficient is smaller than 0.025eV. The rate of electron transfer for Au/ ZnSe and Au/ZnS interface systems is evaluated with orientation free energy using a Matlap program. The results of the electron transfer rate constant are calculated for our modeas well as with experimental results

Keywords

Charge Transport Theory Metal/ Semiconductor Interfaces

23

Photodecomposition of Chloro â€“ oho ( Bis (Ortho - Hydrxohy Penzaldehyde) Ortho - Phenylene Piiminatio) Vanadium (v) Complex Organic Solvents

Ala E. Sultan

Pages: 188-195 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

A new Schiff base complex was prepeard and characterized: Chloro â€“Oxo (bis(Ohydroxy benzaldehyde) O-phenylene di imination ) Vanadium (V) with general formula (VOLCL). Complex was studied by using Three different organics Organic The photo chemistry of this solvent with different polarity . These solvents were ( Acetone,pyridinest chloro form) . It was found that the chelate Vanadium (V) complex decomposed photochemically in these solvents during . In the tra oxidation â€“reduction reaction leading to free radical derived in the ligand of shiff base â„“ .Vanadium IV chelate complex . It was also found that the quantum yield of photo decomposition (Ñ„d) and Activity ratio did not depend on the nature of solvent . The study revealed that the photo decomposition of complex was first order reaction and it is simply delected during the hemolytic scission of the band (V-CL) to produce free redical which is (CL) and give vanadium IV complex (VOL).

Keywords

(photodecompohipion O- hydrxohy penzaldehyde O- phenylene diiminatio- Organic Solvents)

24

Synthesis and Spectroanalytical Studies of a New Azodye Derived From 2-Amino-6-ethoxybenzothiazole and 4Chloro-3,5-dimethylphenol and its Complexes With Fe (III) Ion

Asaad A. Ali

Pages: 196-211 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

This study involves the synthesis of new azodye, derived from 2-Amino-6ethoxybenzothiazole and 4-Chloro-3,5-dimethylphenol . The characterization of dye has been described by C.H.N. The TG , IR and Visible. spectroscopic techniques .The acid-base properties were studied at different pH values . The ionization and protonation constants of dye were determined. Solvents effects were also studied at different solvents polarities . The optimum conditions of this formation of complex with Fe(III) were investigated . The analytical applications of this azodye , were studied like; using it as acid-base indicator , and for the determination of nitrite ions

Keywords

azodyes Ionization & Protonation constants Isobestic point spectral studies

25

Corrosion and Corrosion Inhibition of Î±-Brass by Thiourea

Wisal Abdil Aziz Isa, Awf A.R. Ahmed

Pages: 212-224 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

The corrosion behavior and corrosion inhibition of Î±-brass (65.3% Cu, 34.4% Zn and others 0.3%) in 0.6 mol.dm-3 NaCl solution have been investigated using potentiostatic polarization technique, the main results obtained were expressed in terms of corrosion (Ec) and corrosion current (ic). The research was performed in neutral and slightly acidic media [pH=7 and pH=4] over the temperature range (288-318)K. It was found that the rate of corrosion increases with the increase of acidity and the increase of temperature. The rate of corrosion increased with the increase of temperature in conformity with Arrhenius equation. Values of activation energy (Ea*), pre-exponential factor (A) and entropy of activation (âˆ†S*) have been derived for the corrosion process. Also the thermodynamic quantities (âˆ†G, âˆ†S and âˆ†H) have been determined for the process. The inhibition effect of thiourea on the corrosion of Î±-brass in chloride solution was studied, and it was found that the addition of thiourea to the chloride solution caused a decrease in the values of corrosion current density and changed to some extent the values of kinetic parameters. The values of (Ea) increases in the presence of thiourea, this means that the decrease of the concentration of thiourea

Keywords

Corrosion inhibition Î±-brass kinetic and thermodynamic parameters. thiourea

26

Synthesis and Spectral Studies of Some Metal Complexes with Bis[O,O-2,3;O,O-5,6(Chlorocarboxylic Methyliden)] L-Ascorbic Acid

Salah M. Fizea, Fallih H. Musa, Huda A. Fidhel

Pages: 225-233 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

The reaction of L-ascorbic acid with the tirchloroacetic acid in the presence of potassium hydroxide gave new product Bis[O,O-2,3;O,O-5,6(chlorocarboxylicmethyliden)]Lascorbic acid (H2L) which was isolated and characterized by 1H,13C-NMR, elemental analysis (C,H,N), UV-Visible and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). The complexes of the ligand (H2L) with metal ions, M+2= (Cu, Co, Ni, Cd and Hg) were synthesized and characterized by FTIR, UV-Visible, molar conductance, atomic absorption, magnetic susceptibility and the molar ratio. The analysis evidence showed the binding of the metal ions with (H2L) through the bicarboxylato group manner resulting in six-coordinated metal ion. The TLC for (H2L) and complexes showed one spot for each indicating the purity of these compounds.

Keywords

Synthesis; L-ascorbic acid; Complexes; Analysis

27

Synthesis of New Asymmetrical Pyromellitdiimide and Their Amic Acids Containing Heterocyclic Unit

Jumbad H. Tomma, Kadhim M. Lazim AL-Aliawi, Imad T. Ali

Pages: 234-246 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

This work involves the synthesis and characterization of asymmetrical pyromellitdiimide derivatives [VII]a-f by four sequences steps reaction . One mole of pyromellitic dianhydride was reacted with one mole of various primary aromatic amines [2aminothiazole , 2-aminobenzothiazole , 5-(4-amino phenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thiol , 4-nitro aniline , 4-chloro aniline , 4-toludine] in excess of dry acetone to produce six compounds (Nsubstituted-pyromellitamic monoacid) [IV]a-f . These new compounds [IV]a-f were converted to the corresponding N- substituted- pyromellitmonoimide [V]a-f when heating then at (8090) 0C in sodium acetate-acetic anhydride system .The compounds [V]d-f were allowed to react with one mole of another primary amines (containing benzothiazole or 1,3,4-oxadiazole unit) in dry acetone to give new derivatives of amic acid [VI]a-f followed by intramolecular cyclization reaction of these compounds in sodium acetate-acetic anhydride system to yield the desired asymmetrical pyromellitdiimide derivatives [VII]a-f, the above reactions can be summarized in Scheme 1. Structures of the synthesized compounds have been ascertained by their melting points , C.H.N analysis , UV-Vis, FTIR and 1HNMR spectroscopy.

Keywords

Asymmetrical pyromellitdiimide pyromellitamic monoacid pyromellitic dianhydride pyromellitmonoimide.

28

Separation and Determination of Poly Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Vegetables Samples in Baghdad City Using HPLC Technique

Nawar J. AbdulRada, Khalil I. Hussain, AbdulJabbar A. Ali

Pages: 247-259

Full Text Issues

Abstract

The Reversed Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC) has been used for the separation of Poly aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) by using column Reprosil 100 C 18 which was found to be a suitable one for this purpose. The result showed that using mobile phase of (Acetonitrile-water) Reversed Phase HPLC , flow rate of (1.2 ml/min) , column temperature (30CËš) and wave length of (254nm), give a complete separation with a good resolution . The total separation time was less than 20 min. The result of the study showed that the vegetables of Baghdad city were polluted by poly aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) in different places where samples taken because of drainage of the heavy water ,industrial trash and trash of oil colanders. -Naphthalene, Acenaphthylene, Acenaphthene, Fluorene, Phenanthrene, Anthracene, Fluoranthene, Benzo(g,h,i)perylene , Pyrene , Benzo(a)anthracene, chrysene Benzo(a)Pyrene,Benzo(b)fluoranthene, Benzo(k)Fluoranthen , Dibenzo(a,h)Anthracene, and Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene

Keywords

HPLC. Pollution Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons(PAHs)

29

Estimation of Serum Malondialdehyde and Uric acid levels in Smokers and non-Smokers

Salim Kh. Mohammad, Sardar N. Ahmed, Tayfoor J. Mahmoud, Tayfoor J. Mahmoud

Pages: 260-266 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

Malondialdehyde (MDA) is one of many low molecular weight end-products of lipid peroxidation; it is as an index of lipid peroxidation. Uric acid is one of the endogenous oxidant-antioxidant paradoxes. The aim of this study is to evaluate the levels of serum MDA and uric acid in smokers and non smokers. This study was carried out from January to July 2012 on (30) smokers and (30) non smokers. Serum MDA level was measured spectrophotometrically using thiobarbituric acid method, whereas serum uric acid was measured using enzymatic colorimetric method. The results of the study revealed a significant increase (P<0.001) in uric acid value in smokers subjects compared to non smokers (6.54 Â± 0.37 Vs 4.68 Â± 0.22) respectively, while no significant difference (P>0.05) In MDA value was observed in smokers and non smokers subjects (2.227 Â± 0.394 Vs 1.912 Â± 0.32) respectively

Keywords

MDA Smoking Uric acid.

30

Comparative Biochemical Study of Interleukin -35 and Some Sex Hormones in MS Female Patients with Duration of the Disease*

Ali K. Baden, Bushra H. Ali

Pages: 267-276 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) characterized by autoimmune inflammation, demyelination, and axonal damage. The present study aimed to shed a light on the contribution of interlukin-35 and its relation to some sex hormones in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis. Sixty six female patients with age range (20-40) years were taken from Baghdad Teaching Hospital through the period from Nov. 2012 to â€“April 2013 and 20 apparently healthy subject as control group matched age as group G1. The patients were divided into three groups depending on duration of MS diseases G2 from 3 months to 2 years, G3 from 2 years to 4 years, G4 from 4 years to 10 years and more. Investigations included estimation of serum levels of Interlukin-35 (IL-35), Testosterone (TEST), Progesterone (PROG), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and Prolactin (PRL). Serum IL-35 levels were significantly higher in MS patients as compared with control subject, also significant increase appeared in TEST levels in G3 compared to control in for MS female patients. No significant differences were found between PROG and FSH with duration also non-significant difference levels G2 compared to G1 in LH, on the other hand a significant increase levels for LH in G3 and G4 compared to control subject , a significant difference in prolactin levels for G2 and G4, but non-significant difference for G3. From this study a conclusion was drawn, that evaluation of concentration of a new super family cytokines IL-35 can be considered as a clinical biomarker in multiple sclerosis female patients. This finding may indicate that MS might influence cytokine e.g. interleukin-35 production in these patients.

Keywords

Interleukin-35- Multiple Sclerosis- Steroid hormones

31

Relationship Between Interleukin -33( IL-33) and C- Reactive Protein in Iraqi Women Patients with Celiac Disease.

Eiman A.A. Abass

Pages: 288-296 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

Interleukin -33 is a new member of the IL-1 superfamily of cytokines that is expressed mainly by stromal cells.Its expression is upregulated following pro-inflammatory stimulation. Aim of the present study was to assess the serum IL-33 level and its relationship with inflammatory biomarker CRP in Iraqi females patients with celiac disease. Thirty five patients with celiac disease (CD) and thirty healthy individuals as control group were enrolled in this study,their age ranged (20-35) year.Anti-Gliadin IgA ,IgG and Anti-Tissue IgA ,IgG were estimated in all subjects as diagnostic parameters .ESR and CRP were assayed as inflammatory biomarkers. IL-33 was determined in patients and control groups. The results of the present study revealed a highly significant increase in anti-gliadin (IgA , IgG) , anti-tissue (IgA, IgG) ,ESR,and CRP levels in CD patients compared to control. While no significant increase in IL-33 level in CD patients compared to control was found. In conclusion, IL-33 could be considered as a biomarker for Celiac Diseases, and it is correlated positively with inflammatory biomarker"CRP" in Iraqi women patients with CD.

Keywords

autoimmune inflammatory diseases. C- Reactive Protein Celiac Disease IL-33

32

Synthesis and antimicrobial evaluation of new 1,3,4 â€“ Thiadiazole Derivatives

Iman F. Mustafa, Eman M. Hussain

Pages: 297-305 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

The amino thiadiazole [I] on treatment with aromatic aldehydes yielded Schiff bases [IIa-c] , which cyclized to thiazolidinone [IIIa-c] derivatives by reaction with thioglycolic acid .Reaction of carbon disulfide and methyl iodide with [I] gavedithiomethyl[IV] which on treatment with o-phenylenediamine gave the condensed N-Imidazolythiadiazolylamine [V] , However , reaction of [I] with phenylisocyanate and phenylisothiocyanate afforded the carbamideand carbothiamide derivatives[VI.VII]a-c. The structure of these compounds was characterized from their melting point , FTIR spectroscopy and elementalanalysis

Keywords

3 4â€“Thiadiazole antimicrobial 1 imidazoly thiadiazolylamine . thiazolidinone

33

Influence Activation Function in Approximate Periodic Functions Using Neural Networks

Luma N. M. Tawfiq, Ala K. Jabber

Pages: 306-313 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to design fast neural networks to approximate periodic functions, that is, design a fully connected networks contains links between all nodes in adjacent layers which can speed up the approximation times, reduce approximation failures, and increase possibility of obtaining the globally optimal approximation. We training suggested network by Levenberg-Marquardt training algorithm then speeding suggested networks by choosing most activation function (transfer function) which having a very fast convergence rate for reasonable size networks. In all algorithms, the gradient of the performance function (energy function) is used to determine how to adjust the weights such that the performance function is minimized, where the back propagation algorithm has been used to increase the speed of training.

Keywords

activation function Artificial Neural Network Training network

34

The Construction of Complete (kn,n)-Arcs in The Projective Plane PG(2,11) by Geometric Method, with the Related Blocking Sets and Projective Codes

Amal SH. Al-Mukhtar, Umniyat A. Hassan

Pages: 314-330 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

In this paper,we construct complete (kn,n)-arcs in the projective plane PG(2,11), n = 2,3,â€¦,10,11 by geometric method, with the related blocking sets and projective codes.

Keywords

Blocking set Complete arcs projective cod

35

Applications of Discriminant Analysis in Medical diagnosis

Hazim M. Gorgess, Anas Kh. Mohammed

Pages: 331-342 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

In this paper, the discriminant analysis is used to classify the most wide spread heart diseases known as coronary heart diseases into two groups (patient, not patient) based on the changes of discrimination features of ten predictor variables that we believe they cause the disease . A random sample for each group is employed and the stepwise procedures are performed in order to delete those variables that are not important for separating the groups. Tests of significance of discriminant analysis and estimating the misclassification rates are performed

Keywords

classification Discriminant analysis misclassification rates . stepwise procedures

36

Fixed Point for Asymptotically Non-Expansive Mappings in 2-Banach Space

Salwa S. Abed, Rafah S. Abed Ali

Pages: 343-350 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

In this paper, we introduced some fact in 2-Banach space. Also, we define asymptotically non-expansive mappings in the setting of 2-normed spaces analogous to asymptotically non-expansive mappings in usual normed spaces. And then prove the existence of fixed points for this type of mappings in 2-Banach spaces.

Keywords

2-Banach space Asymptotically non-expansive mapping Fixed Point. Non-expansive mapping

37

ON Weak g *sD -Sets And Associative Separation Axioms

Sabiha I. Mahmood

Pages: 351-367 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

In this paper, we introduce new classes of sets called g *sD -sets , g *sD âˆ’Î± -sets , g *spreD âˆ’ sets , g *sbD âˆ’ -sets and g *sD âˆ’Î² -sets . Also, we study some of their properties and relations among them . Moreover, we use these sets to define and study some associative separation axioms .

Keywords

0i = . 1 b-s*g- i D -spaces Î±-s*g- i D -spaces Î²-s*giD -spaces for 2 pre-s*g- i D -space s*g- i D -spaces

38

Some Statistical Characteristics Depending on the Maximum Variance of Solution of Two Dimensional Stochastic Fredholm Integral Equation contains Two Gamma Processes

Mohammad W. Muflih, Noor A. A. Jabbar

Pages: 368-384 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

In this paper, we find the two solutions of two dimensional stochastic Fredholm integral equations contain two gamma processes differ by the parameters in two cases and equal in the third are solved by the Adomain decomposition method. As a result of the solutions probability density functions and their variances at the time t are derived by depending upon the maximum variances of each probability density function with respect to the three cases. The auto covariance and the power spectral density functions are also derived. To indicate which of the three cases is the best, the auto correlation coefficients are calculated.

Keywords

Adomain Decomposition Method Gamma Process Two Dimensional Stochastic Fredholm Integral Equations

39

Design an Algorithm to Calculate the Inverse Permutations Of the Symmetric Group Sn In Computer

Hani M. Abood Al-Dainy

Pages: 385-393 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

The search is an application for one of the problems of mathematics in the computer; as providing construction and design of a major program to calculate the inverse permutations of the symmetric group Sn , where 1 â‰¤ n â‰¤ 13; using some of the methods used in the Number Theory by computer . Also the research includes design flow chart for the main program and design flow chart for the program inverse permutations and we give some illustrative examples for different symmetric groups and their inverse permutations.

Keywords

identity permutation inverse permutations length of cycle permutations Symmetric group

40

Proposed Speech Analyses Method Using the Multiwavelet Transform

Baydaa Jaffer Al-Khafaji

Pages: 394-401 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

Speech is the first invented way of communication that human used age before the invention of writing. In this paper, proposed method for speech analyses to extract features by using multiwavelet Transform (Repeated Row Preprocessing).The proposed system depends on the Euclidian differences of the coefficients of the multiwavelet Transform to determine the beast features of speech recognition. Each sample value in the reference file is computed by taking the average value of four samples for the same data (four speakers for the same phoneme). The result of the input data to every frame value in the reference file using the Euclidian distance to determine the frame with the minimum distance is said to be the "Best Match". Simulation program using visual basic has been in order to determine final results.

Keywords

Euclidian distance Hamming window Multiwavelet Transform Repeated Row Preprocessing

Ibn Al-Haitham Journal For Pure and Applied Sciences

Articles in This Issue

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract