Kerbala Journal for Engineering Sciences

This article suggests the implementation of an online distance education system as a way to enhance the
academic performance of students. It emphasizes the importance of monitoring and predicting the
Learning Academic Performance (LAP) to enable appropriate adjustments and ensure continuous
academic progress. In this education mode, predicting LAP accurately is a challenging task. Adaptive
Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS), executed by ‘MATLAB R2020a’, creates systems that can
successfully achieve the aim. The suggested ANFIS models were used to forecast students' Cumulative
Grade Point Averages (CGPAs). The interactions between input variables and their associated impacts
on the output values were further investigated using the models. The results showed high accuracy levels,
varying scores from 83.8% to 90%. Additionally, this study found a significant correlation between
CGPA and the examination scores, indicating a direct proportional relationship. These findings
emphasize the crucial role of examination scores in evaluating academic performance and the importance
for students to prioritize and focus on their exam performance.

The cement industry remains a crucial sector despite advancements in science and industry.
However, cement production generates substantial byproducts, including Cement Kiln Dust (CKD),
leading to environmental concerns. This study aims to evaluate the impact of CKD on the mechanical
properties of concrete. The investigation includes slump, compressive strength, and flexural strength.
The research fills existing knowledge gaps and provides insights into the benefits and limitations of
incorporating CKD in concrete mixtures. The results indicate that increasing CKD content reduces
slump and workability. Optimal CKD replacement percentages of 15% at seven days and 10% at 28
days yield satisfactory compressive strength.The flexural strength decreases by 5.3% with a 10%
cement replacement. Empirical equations based on literature data demonstrate a correlation between
CKD content and predicted strength values. These equations are a practical tool for estimating
concrete properties with varying CKD percentages. This research contributes to sustainable
construction practices by providing insights into CKD utilization and promoting environmentally
friendly practices.

Anchor bolts are widely utilized in numerous industries, including mechanical, construction, and
mining. Anchor bolt uses range from installing permanent objects, including hybrid constructions,
illumination poles, and directional signs, to installing temporary structures, such as formwork and safety
netting. Several destructive testing instruments exist in the construction industry for determining the
load-bearing capacity of concrete anchors. However, there has been a lack of attention to developing
non-destructive testing (NDT) techniques for estimating pull-out loads. This study highlights the limited
research on evaluating the pull-out strength of embedded steel bolts in concrete using non-destructive
tests and illustrates their relationship. This critical review has demonstrated that embedded concrete
anchor pull-out strength depends on alignment, embedment length, anchor bolt diameter, micro flaws,
and bolt geometry. The embedment length of anchor bolts contributes much more to the improvement
in pull-out strength than the bolt diameter. The ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) assessment and the
Schmidt hammer (SH) assessment can successfully monitor the quality of embedded anchor bolts in
normal-strength concrete structures by identifying defective anchor bolts with porous bonds. Anchor
bolts with insufficient bonding were found to have a lower rebound value and a prolonged ultrasonic
pulse time of transit.

Anchor bolts are widely utilized in numerous industries, including mechanical, construction, and
mining. Anchor bolt uses range from installing permanent objects, including hybrid constructions,
illumination poles, and directional signs, to installing temporary structures, such as formwork and safety
netting. Several destructive testing instruments exist in the construction industry for determining the
load-bearing capacity of concrete anchors. However, there has been a lack of attention to developing
non-destructive testing (NDT) techniques for estimating pull-out loads. This study highlights the limited
research on evaluating the pull-out strength of embedded steel bolts in concrete using non-destructive
tests and illustrates their relationship. This critical review has demonstrated that embedded concrete
anchor pull-out strength depends on alignment, embedment length, anchor bolt diameter, micro flaws,
and bolt geometry. The embedment length of anchor bolts contributes much more to the improvement
in pull-out strength than the bolt diameter. The ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) assessment and the
Schmidt hammer (SH) assessment can successfully monitor the quality of embedded anchor bolts in
normal-strength concrete structures by identifying defective anchor bolts with porous bonds. Anchor
bolts with insufficient bonding were found to have a lower rebound value and a prolonged ultrasonic
pulse time of transit.