Journal of sustainable studies

The current research aims to find out the degree to which the principles of structural theory are included in biology textbooks for the middle school level and the extent to which teachers practice them for the academic year (2022-2023), which required the researchers to build research tools after reviewing the relevant previous studies, and a list was prepared The principles of the constructivist theory that must be available in the books of biology for the preparatory stage, and it consisted of (7) principles, which were distributed on (15) sub-indicators. The classroom, evaluation) and the researchers used the descriptive approach. Among the results of the researchers was that the inclusion of the principles of constructivist theory was uneven in all books, as all books achieved unequal percentages, as the book of Biology for the sixth grade of middle school achieved the highest iterations by (712) and by a percentage of (52.62%), and this percentage is considered average. It was followed by the two books of Biology for the fifth and fourth grades, with a low percentage, as the repetitions of the fourth preparatory book reached (333), with a percentage of (24.61%). As for the repetitions of the fifth preparatory book, it amounted to (303), with a percentage of (22.39%), and this percentage is considered low for writers. Among the results reached by the researchers is that the degree of biology teachers\' practice for the middle school stage came in medium percentages, as the total weighted average reached (2.191) and the total relative weight reached (43.80%). Low in biology textbooks for middle school, and the need to train biology teachers to employ constructivist education in teaching, through preparing training programs based on constructivist ideas and applying them in the classroom environment.

All the cities of the world went through stages of development and change in its shape, the increasing number of population, and the functions of land uses in it, and it is reflected in the city and its residential neighborhoods alike, including the city of Baghdad, especially the study area (Tabuk neighborhood), as the city of Baghdad went through stages of morphological development that contributed to changing its shape and urban and functional fabric For various uses of land, including health, residential, commercial, industrial and transportation, its features have grown and changed and its functions have evolved, including the health function of land uses in its various spatial patterns, thus helping its residents to meet the various requirements of life, but it was reflected in the absorptive capacity on which the uses of the land were designed and the level of its service functions, including Sanitary use of Tabuk neighborhood in Baghdad city.

The current research aims to identify:
1. Emotion management among Anbar University students.
2. Significance of statistical differences in the management of emotions according to the two variables:
a. Gender (male, female).
B. Specialization (scientific, humanitarian).
The researcher adopted the descriptive approach in his research, and the research sample consisted of (500) male and female students from the University of Anbar for the academic year 2021-2022 AD, and the sample was chosen in a stratified random way, and the research tool is as follows:
Emotion management scale
The researcher used the Statistical Bag for Social Sciences (SPSS), and following up the researcher, the results showed:
1. University students are characterized by a good level of emotional management.
2. There is a statistically significant difference according to the gender variable (male, female) in the measure of emotional management, in favor of males.
3. There is a statistically significant difference according to the variable of specialization (scientific, human) in the measure of emotional management in favor of the scientific specialization.

After the praise of God and the praise of His Noble Messenger, we wanted to shed light on our heritage in the East and divided the research into three axes preceded by an introduction and followed by a conclusion, as well as the research references.
- The first axis was devoted to talking about the historical geographical description of the city.
The second axis is devoted to talking about scientific trips.
The third axis is devoted to talking about the contributions of some of its scholars.
The city has its own geographical and historical character, and it was opened during the era of Caliph Omar Ibn Al-Khattab, and some of its scholars were famous for their journey to seek knowledge, in addition to the emergence of some scientific personalities in the city.
Praise be to God, Lord of the Worlds, and prayers and peace be upon the Master of the Messengers, Muhammad bin Abdullah Al-Sadiq Al-Sadiq, and all his family and companions.
The caliphate of Omar Ibn Al-Khattab (may God be pleased with him) (13-23 AH / 635-644 AD) was an important event in the history of the Arabs, as he laid plans for the conquest to expand it for those who came after him from the caliphs. until the seventh century AH thirteenth AD).

The bond of transmission is the chain of narrators that narrates the text, until it reaches the person from whom it was narrated. This is due to the difference of those who narrate from them and those who believe that their hadith is from the Sunnah. The Imamiyyah say that it ends with the infallible, and what is meant by the infallible here is the Prophet and his family (may God’s prayers be upon them).
What is meant here in this research is to demonstrate the critical practice of interpreters with regard to the chain of transmission of the news that came in their introductions, and from this it becomes clear that the interpreters were not focused on matters related to the sciences of the Qur’an and its interpretation only, but rather they had a prominent role in correcting the narrated news, and indicating its status Which characterizes it in terms of validity or weakness, and other modern terminology that characterizes hadiths.

Muslim modernists revived the spirit of Islamic unity, solidarity and independence; They restored Muslims' pride in the intellectual and scientific heritage of Islam. Above all, modern ideological interpretations of Islam were born that incorporated modern concepts, disciplines, and institutions, from textual criticism to nationalism, and from parliamentary government to democracy. Above all, modern ideological interpretations of Islam were born that incorporated modern concepts, disciplines, and institutions, from textual criticism to nationalism, and from parliamentary government to democracy. Equally important, Islamic modernists reaffirmed the right to interpret Islam through consensus and ijtihad. Islamic modernism was essentially an "intellectual movement". The conviction of this writer is that the voices of these reformist and modernist thinkers, with their forward-looking, steadfast vision of life, have prevailed and will prevail over all negative forces, internal and external. And their thinking - which is still closely related to the reformist and modernist discourse in the entire Islamic world in general and in South Asia in particular - will remain a source of inspiration for all reformist thinkers, not only across the Islamic world from the south and southeast. From Asia to Central Asia and from the Middle East to North Africa, but also to Muslim thinkers in Europe and America (West).

The Suez Canal represents a special case of the convergence of the world in a specific spot, which is the confluence that makes human (history), based on (geography) or rather from the specificity of the place. Europe, Asia, and Africa), and the main waterway to the Far East. Europe began to look at that path with interest, especially the two great colonial powers Britain and France, after a great industrial renaissance began in Europe at the end of the eighteenth century and the beginning of the nineteenth century, accompanied by a deep development in industrial technologies. . At the same time, the use of steam began to expand due to the rapid progress in the use of science and the increase of inventions, which led to the advancement of engineering sciences, the increase of capital, and the rush of Europeans towards adventure. The old trade route that passed through Egypt and the Red Sea, especially after the obstacles that stood in the way of organizing shipping lines across this sea were removed, as the Ottoman Empire closed that route after controlling the Mediterranean region since the sixteenth century under the pretext that the passage of European ships will desecrate the sanctity of the holy places in the Hijaz.

The tourism sector and the investment of its potential at a high level of importance, as one of the joints of immediate and sustainable development, and one of the contemporary global concerns, as it contributes to the modernization of society and the events of economic, social and political changes, and what the returns of this sector lead to in meeting the requirements of well-being. . Therefore, this research came to contribute to the development of tourism in the ancient city of Warka by revealing its potential in order to benefit from its advantages in the development of the community of the study area, and to highlight its civilized role that it plays as one of the models of contact and cultural communication, and therefore the advancement of this vital sector requires government efforts and strategies to develop archaeological tourism in the study area with the activation of the role of the private sector to invest it, as well as the partnership of the local community in its preservation and maintenance.

This research sheds light on the reality of commercial services and electronic marketing in the city of Zubair. This research shows that commercial services have grown and expanded greatly in their numbers between the central commercial area, the main and secondary commercial streets, and residential neighborhoods. The study followed the method of field work to obtain the necessary data through a comprehensive survey and questionnaire form for the city of Zubair.

The signs of the Russian-Ukrainian conflict had begun with the dissolution of the former Soviet Union in 1991, when Ukraine separated from this union and gained its independence, then organized its relationship with the Russian Federation, the legal heir of the Union, according to the (Budapest) Memorandum of 1994 in which it abandoned its nuclear arsenal in favor of Russia. Federalism in return for the latter's respect for its regional borders. But the geopolitical calculations of NATO by extending eastward towards the countries of the former Soviet Union imposed themselves on the scene of Russian-Ukrainian relations. After about (14) countries of the former Warsaw Pact joined NATO, only Ukraine and Belarus were left, separating Russia from NATO, and if These two countries joined, which means a suffocating blockade of Russia within its borders.

The al-Saalak style is distinguished by a special class of poets who possess rebellion in its various forms (Social, political, economic, etc.) He produced a text with depth in the relational vision in terms of Paying attention to the text and its aesthetic and artistic images, and its coherence with the surrounding phenomena in order to build a text different from that The familiar, has its own style and terminology that distinguishes it from other texts. The discourse of the loafer was different from its similar literary discourses. What the tramp needs is intellectual communication with those he finds as the spiritual pillars of his self and his psychological formation, and based on that, we can divide the research into three main axes. (linked to the behavior of the individual with the animal, which is an alternative to the psychological facts in itself, and the third axis we called it (environmental relations).

The political situation in Northern Ireland has been characterized by violence since the post-British direct rule of Northern Ireland, and Northern Irish Republican politicians were divided between supporters of violence represented by the Sinn Fein Party and its military wing, the Irish Republican Army (IRA), and those who wanted to follow peaceful methods in extracting rights and changing the situation by joining the Republic. Irish. From the beginning, the goals of the Hume Party were social, democratic, anti-union, and transcending sectarian division. It did not change its constitutional positions without the consent of the people. Among its goals is Irish unity and the abolition of all forms of religious, political, and class discrimination in a peaceful manner and away from violence, by persuading Sinn Féin and its military wing, the IRA, that the government British, neutral towards the continuity of Northern Ireland within the Union. The SDLP party searched for justice and peace in that system in order to achieve equality between the people of Northern Ireland, and Hume insisted that the solution to the problem of Northern Ireland lies in the relations between the north and the south and the relations between Britain and Ireland.

This study looks at how most of Shakespeare\\'s plays treat women badly and ignore them. People have been moved by Shakespeare\\'s female roles for many years. But that wasn\\'t what women were really like. It looks like the new historicists were right when they said that Shakespeare\\'s writing was affected by the time he lived in. Most playwrights of the Elizabethan era, including Shakespeare, showed women in a bad light. In the same way, many cases show how women are just an object of society, a source of pleasure, and a creature that men expect to follow their rules. In Elizabethan society, a disguise was a powerful tool. If you were brave enough to take a risk, you could change your situation right away. Also, you could change how people see you. Shakespeare\\'s use of disguises could make people laugh or make them feel like bad things are about to happen. As a result, disguise is a very strong way to tell a story. The current study focuses on how the male characters\\' socioeconomic conditions and discriminatory acts affected the lives of the female characters. This paper also attempts to understand how Shakespeare attempted to portray women as subordinate characters. In the mentioned plays, however, he allowed his female characters a lot of freedom and frequently made them strong by dressing them like men. In his plays, he portrayed them as strong and unconstrained by patriarchal male behavior at the time.

The current research deals with the study of visual sequence extrapolation of scenes in the design of educational spaces for children with disabilities and how to achieve them. The research problem was embodied in the following question ((Is visual sequence achieved in extrapolation of scenes in the design of the internal spaces of institutes for people with disabilities (the deaf and dumb)?. So the aim of the study was Research: revealing the achievement of extrapolation scenes of visual succession in the design of educational interior spaces through the employment of visual elements (perceptual, sensory) in those spaces. The two researchers, consisting of three sections: the first dealt with the visual sequence in the educational spaces of the disability institutes for children, while the second section dealt withInduction and its expressive mechanisms about the visual sequence in the design and the third topic includedAnalytical study of visual sequence extrapolation in the design of educational spaces for people with disabilities in Iraq
Through these investigations, a review of the results was reached, from which the theoretical material of the three investigations was summarized, and then the conclusions reached by the researcher from studying institutes for people with disabilities in Iraq, and then presenting recommendations and proposals for future research.

The concept of "spies" in the Zangid and Ayyubid periods was based on a concept that is a basic principle of war, which is security, that is, the security of armies, the safety of their movement, their position, and the movements of their units, whether in wartime or peace.
The work of spies "eyes" promised an urgent necessity in the Zangid and Ayyubid periods, in order to obtain knowledge, try to extrapolate, and reveal the secrets of the reality of the enemies, which constitute a danger that lurks in the future, so their units, methods, means, and mechanisms of their work varied, so they created several units. And they diversified their work mechanisms by planting spies inside their ranks, and they used the tactic of camouflage and camouflage to monitor the movements of the enemies.
Likewise, the spies “eyes” were interested in following up any developments in the military Frankish industry, which could create a real danger, and the volatility of the battle scales in their favor, and the “spies” eyes were able to truly supervise the course of the battles with the Franks, and achieve positive results, through their built information On the reality of the Frankish reality, and the use of this information, and using it to their advantage, to achieve victory. Perhaps the most prominent of these battles is the battle of Hattin (583 AH / 1187 CE), where this battle is a turning point in the history of the Islamic Frankish conflict.
Eyes and spies had a prominent role in uncovering military conspiracies and solutions that were aimed at leading the Zen and Ayyubid state, and if these conspiracies multiplied in the time of the Ayyubid state and in the reign of the Sultan, Authentic Islam, in contrast to the spies, "the eyes" in the Zangid and Ayyubid periods, played an important role in the counter-attack. Penetration of the fabric of the state and the society of the Franks, to achieve strong tremors in its corners, and spread a state of true terror in them, by spreading rumors.
The study recommended the following:
1- Attention to analytical studies in history, to find the scientific truth away from any subjective influences.
2- Following up the study with similar studies in other eras of Islamic history and others.
3- Trying to benefit from the results of this study, in order to develop the security mechanism.

The current research seeks to identify a proposed strategy in biology and its impact on the achievement and information processing skills of the fifth scientific grade students. In order to achieve the objectives of the current research, the researcher relied on the semi-experimental approach through the experimental and control groups. to the following:
1. There is a clear effect of the proposed strategy on the academic achievement and information processing skills of fifth grade students in biology.
2. There are statistically significant differences between the experimental and control groups, in favor of the average of the experimental group.

The aim of the present study is to identify the design thinking model effect of using for the mediative thinking skills in Math for the scientific fourth grade male
Students to achive this target I admit one zero theories.
The application of that experiment had been done on a sample (74) students of the fourth grade in the Al Mustafa secondary school belonging to the General Directorate for the education of the third Rusafa in Baghdad, divided on (39) students were selected to represent the experimental group, (38) students to represent the control group, The test the mediative thinking skills consists of (20) objective paragraphs of the type multiple choice, Its Validity had been ensure by the Statistical Analysis. The results had been shown the success of the experimental group who studied according the design thinking model upon the control group for the test of the mediative thinking skills with these results, many Conclusions and recommendtons had been achived.

The aim of this study is to use multiple linear regression techniques to analyze the relationship between the number of students admitted to governmental and private engineering colleges in Iraq and various variables that may affect this number. Multiple linear regression is used as a statistical tool to determine how several independent variables affect a single dependent variable.
Data was collected from previous years of governmental and private colleges, and then analyzed using advanced statistical software. The independent variables studied in this research include average admission scores, gender, nationality, and financial resources, in addition to other factors that may affect the number of admitted students.
The results of the study show that there is a close relationship between some variables and the number of students admitted to governmental and private colleges. Among these variables, average admission scores and financial resources were the most influential factors on the number of admitted students.

Humanity suffers in the contemporary time from the disease of extremism division religious intellectual and national intolerance and the subsequent scourge of wars and destruction especially in Iraq and the Middle East in general .
The visit of Pope Francis to Iraq came to support the principle or dialogue acceptance of other tolerance peaceful coexistence joint cooperation and respect for the religious belief right and freedoms of other .
This research came to clarify the reality and objectives of Pope Francis visit to Iraq and the legal vision for it , and to present proposals that establish the concept of tolerance and peaceful coexistence among members of the spectrum of Iraqi society even if their religions nationalities or political parties are multiplied .

The quality of education in middle schools is concerned with raising the scientific level, and the qualitative specifications of all school students in terms of knowledge, experiences and trends that fit the spirit of the age and scientific progress. Therefore, total quality management must be applied in all middle schools because it has proven a great success in multiple and different fields.
The aim of the current research is to identify the level of total quality management among middle school principals from the viewpoint of the faculty members. The research community included (6084) teaching staff, and the research sample was chosen by the stratified random method and consisted of (304) teaching staff, i.e. a percentage of (5 %), and to achieve the objectives of the research, the researcher built a tool that included (25) paragraphs, then community data was formed from the respondents’ answers to the paragraphs of the questionnaire statistically, and the research results showed that middle school principals enjoyed an acceptable level of total quality management, and the most important research proposals: The level of total quality management among secondary school principals.

This research focuses on the medical waste incinerators and their main types.It further concentrates on studying the efficiency of medical waste incinerators in three hospitals inKarkh district (the GeneralKarkh, The General forat,The GeneralIbnSina). Through this study, the rate of generation of medical waste entering and leaving the Holocaust was evaluated in a12 month time /for the period from (2018-2017) starting fromfrom July toAugust.The studying revealed that there are differences in the rates of combustion efficiency in the various months because are non-combustion in the main combustion chamber to duethe bad way wherebythe waste is fed .However, it can be said that both Karkh Hospital and the General forat Hospital are close to the combustion efficiency of (97%) Whereas Ibn-Sina Hospital non efficient waste combustion. This is due to several factors: the degree of mechanical mixing of residues in the main combustion chamber, where the temperature is high, ranging inside the burner between (1000-1200) C°.
On the other hand, the results of the laboratory test showed that the ash samples collected from these incinerators contain high concentrations of heavy metals (zinc, copper, chrom, cadmium, lead) in the ash extract compared to the limits allowed these metals to the environmental protection organization;USA as about) 5.0, 1.3, 0.1, 0.005, 0.015 (mg/kg respectivelyamater that makes the waste from these dangereous waste contaminate the soild and groundwater if digged and disposed of unsuitable locations.

The current research aims to know intellectual security and its relationship to psychological well-being among orphaned female students at the secondary stage. The research sample consisted of (500) students who were chosen randomly, with (360) female students who lost their fathers, (110) female students who lost their mothers, and (30) female students who lost both of them. .
The following results were reached:
1. Female students enjoy a normal level of intellectual security within society's normal level.
2. There is a real decrease in the intellectual security of female students who have lost both of their parents.
3. The high level of self-acceptance and the goal of life for female students, the low level of well-being for the dimensions (positive relationships, independence, environmental proficiency). The orphan female students enjoyed a normal level of personal growth, and a general decrease in the level of psychological well-being for female students who lost their parents.
4. There is no difference in the level of well-being according to the loss of the parents.
5. There is a real relationship between intellectual security and psychological well-being among female students who have lost fat.
6. There is a real relationship between intellectual security and psychological well-being and its distance among female students who have lost their mothers, and there is a real relationship between intellectual security and psychological well-being of female students who have lost both their parents (self-acceptance, positive relationships, independence, goal in life, personal growth).

The research aimed to investigate the effect of a training program for physics teachers at the beginning of Employing on the methods of cognitive evaluation in their performance and teaching competencies. This research was limited to the newly assignment physics teachers to the staff of the General Directorate of Diwaniyah Education, the research sample consisted of (30) teachers who were divided into two groups, an experimental group that attended the training program and another control group whose members were not trained. The researcher prepared the training program and the research tool (observation form) to measure the performance of teachers ad their teaching competencies consist of two parts, each of which consists of (20) items to measure the two dependent research variables, its validity and reliability were obtained and its application to the sample after the completion of the training was achieved. The results indicated the superiority of the experimental group in teaching performance and competencies, and in the light of the results, the researcher concluded the impact of the training program on the teaching performance and competencies of teachers, and recommended a number of recommendations and proposed a number of proposals.

The study explores the phonological development of Missani Iraqi Arabic children. The data of this study are twenty-four participants from Arabic language background (native speakers of Arabic). They are from 3 to 6 years of age. The recordings have been collected from these children lasting for about fifteen minutes for each sample, so the whole recording time is ten hours. It is a generative study to explore mainly substitution and deletion. The study includes consonantal segments only; vowel segments are excluded. The study concludes that the main phonological processes of Missani children's speech are substitution and deletion. These processes are made by children in order to make pronunciation easier. The study has displayed that substitution and deletion processes occur in voicing, place of articulation and manner of articulation. Additionally, these processes occur in the speech of children of three to six years of age. Sometimes, some words can be produced with more than one process.

The current study dealt with one of the important and modern topics in the field of financial and banking sciences at the level of institutions in general and the banking sector in particular, which is the financial health, which aims through this study to know the relationship between revenue strength and its relationship to financial performance and their reflection on the financial health of the study sample banks. The study included a community consisting of (5) banks out of (44 banks) from the banks listed in the Iraq Stock Exchange for the period (2010-2020). One of the most important findings of the study is the existence of a correlation between revenue power and financial performance. Effect at a significant level ((0.05) of the variables of revenue strength and financial performance on the indicators of financial health of the study sample banks.

Insurance is now regarded as an inevitable necessity, covering risks to individuals, whether they are workers, employees, etc. This type of contract is maybe between the insured and the policyholder who is the beneficiary. some of which are collective and have three parties: the insurers, policyholder and insured; On the other hand, this type of legal relationship is no longer limited to the country's territorial boundaries as it may be a cross-border relationship and a foreign element. Here the question arises in determining the applicable law.
The Rome I Regulation did not establish special rules to determine the applicable law to the group insurance contract, and this is a criticized position؛ Because his collective nature is not ignored and the plurality of his limbs to more than two. On the other hand, these contracts, some of which are obligatory and others optional, here raises the question of whether, by concluding a framework agreement between the insurer and policyholder, we are facing a binding contract? Or should a distinction be made between optional and compulsory?
The Iraqi legislator adopted an advanced position in the insurance business regulation law for the year 2005, whereby he set rules of immediate and necessary application (jus cogens) regulating the insurance contract (whether individual or collective). As for Arab legislation, such as the Egyptian and Jordanian, they still subject this type of contract if it crosses borders to the rules of conflict of laws stipulated in their civil laws. All this we discussed in this research.

The importance of this study is evident through the main idea it discusses: the influence of legal systems and their role in the emergence of international and constitutional courts of justice. This study focuses on the impact of legal systems, the ongoing research on the emergence of separation between courts, its origin and development.
Courts are defined as bodies established by governments to resolve legal and constitutional issues, settle them under the banner of law, identify crimes and their perpetrators, and impose appropriate penalties on juveniles. Courts also depend on providing peaceful means of resolving those disputes between people who cannot resolve them on their own. The International Court of Justice was established by the Charter of the United Nations to be the principal judicial organ of the United Nations and to operate in accordance with the provisions of that Statute and to hear legal questions.
The Constitutional Court, sometimes called the Supreme Constitutional Court, is the highest judicial body in the country, and the manner in which judges are elected and their powers are determined by the country's constitution, which differs from one country to another and is concerned with constitutional matters.

Linguistic studies have developed in the last two decades of the last century, as these studies deviated from the well-known pattern in the study of language, which saw the sentence as the largest linguistic unit going to the major linguistic unit, which is the text, The researchers focused their attention on texts, as the largest linguistic unit that can be analyzed, and it has a single semantic structure, and the consideration of the relationships in which sentences are interconnected, which constitute the basic component of texts.
The research came in an introduction, a preface, and three topics. As for the preamble, it included the rooting of studies of textual linguistics, and the linguistics of the text in the Arab heritage, as well as the definition of the linguistic root, read, The first topic included: casting linguistically and idiomatically, the second topic: referral, its divisions and elements, and the third topic: deletion, replacement, and linking.
It is worth noting that each of the second and third sections begins with a theoretical thalamus, and the other is procedural in the verses in which the root is mentioned (read), Then I concluded the research with the most important findings, followed by a glossary of research sources and references.

The current research aimed to identify the volatile personality and its relationship to psychological fatigue among university students. The research has adopted the relational approach to achieve its objectives, and the researcher has adopted a scale (Al-Nadawi, 2006) to measure the concept of volatile personality, and he has adopted a scale (Saeed, 2006) to measure the concept of psychological fatigue. The researcher verified the validity of the approved scales with the virtual validity index by presenting the scale items with a questionnaire to a group of arbitrators in psychology, psychological counseling and psychometrics. Volatile personality and psychological fatigue. The research came out with a number of recommendations and proposals .

The current research aims to identify (the effectiveness of a proposed strategy according to the theory of quadruple coding in the collection of history subject among the students of the fifth grade of literature and their motivational thinking). The Literary Fifth from Abi Turab Preparatory School in Al-Qadisiyah Governorate for the academic year (2022-2023). The researcher used a partial control design, whereby two groups were randomly selected from the fifth literary grade, comprising the two groups, the experimental and the control. The variables were equalized between the two groups, meaning that students were selected with the same academic level, intelligence, and motivational thinking scale. The final achievement of the students and the motivational thinking scale were tested, after confirming the validity and reliability of the test and the scale, its difficulty coefficients, and the discriminatory power of the erroneous paragraphs and alternatives. The statistical analysis of the data was done using SPSS20 software. The results showed that the students of the experimental group were superior in achievement and motivational thinking over the control group. These results can be considered as a positive indicator of the effectiveness of the proposed strategy in improving students' achievement and motivational thinking. Based on these results, the researcher made recommendations and suggestions for future studies.

President Sheikh ibn Sinai
Ibn Sinai is considered one of the greatest Muslim philosophers who gave birth to the study of Aristotelian and Neoplatonic philosophy, and that his name was known in Latin by the word (Avicenna).
Based genius Ibn Sinai on his intelligence rare, his political shrewdness, for his social grace, then he had a multi-knowledge personality.
He is a philosopher with close people, a religion we met with the common people, impulsive with his whims in his private life, And Ibn Sinai is a doctor in the first place, and a natural world in the second place, then he is a philosopher. Without Ibn Sinai reasoning, Clear and adequate in poetry and prose
Even deserved the title of the third teacher after Aristotle and Al-Farabi, He was also known by the title of Sheikh President due to his position in the science of medicine and application.
Ibn Sinai was proficient in mathematics, astronomy, and musicology, and he had an ability in the natural sciences and valuable correct observations in them, none of the philosophers of Islam in subject of self as Ibn Sinai elaborated, But his
philosophy in general is still controversial. Ibn Sinai never visited an Arab country
And his encyclopedic culture, with all its comprehensiveness and absorption, It was completed in the Bukhara region in Asia Minor. Ibn Sinai appeared and the Arabic language was the language of the sciences he studied, It was the language of the lessons he delivered to his students in every city of Persia, and it was the language of science, philosophy and poetry that he wrote and composed. It was not said about him that he wrote in a language other than Arabic, except for a " A treatise on the principles of science ", which he dedicated to Ala' al-Dawla ibn Kalawayh al-Buwayhi, Ibn Sinai had worked as a minister for this prince, He also wrote another little letter in "The Heartbeat"
Both of them were written in Persian.

Most of the Arab laws consider euthanasia as a crime, however it occurred, and it is punishable by the penalty of premeditated murder, in order to provide the elements of the crime from taking a life. However, there are some Arab countries that adopt the idea of mitigating the punishment in the case of the consent of the victim. This is a serious legislative change in the future of criminal law, as what is considered a crime today turns into a legitimate human right tomorrow, which consequently causes an annual increase in the rates of requesting murder for those who suffer from health problems, which is a crime against society. In the beginning, euthanasia is used for deadly diseases, then the practice expands. To include both the handicapped and the weak-minded, and for those who are under psychological and social pressure.
The Islamic Sharia also approved doctors to take care of the patient and to exert the utmost effort to care for him, and the doctor and the patient must leave the result to God, and the doctor must not respond to the patient’s request to end his life, and if he responds, he will be a traitor to the trust, whether with or without the patient’s request, and punishment The doctor in this case is as the judge deems in each case separately.