AL-Qadisiyah Journal For Administrative and Economic sciences

The Aim of the Current Research is to test the Role of Ethical leadership through its dimensions (individual orientation, equity, power sharing, attention to sustainability, ethical guidance, role clarification, integrity) in achieving Organizational Excellence through its dimensions (Administrative excellence, employee excellence, organizational structure excellence, strategic excellence). The research problem was represented by a number of questions with the aim of identifying the intellectual and applied frameworks for its variables, and then diagnosing the level of interest in them in the field, as well as identifying the appropriate procedures by the organization. Its hypotheses, and the questionnaire was adopted as a main tool in collecting data related to the field aspect of the research, and the size of the random sample was (243).) Spss.var.27), (amos.var.26), and a set of results were reached, the most important of which is the existence of a correlation relationship, and the effect of ethical leadership on organizational excellence.

The key objective of the current study is to verify the impact of the customer's involvement in the innovation of the label (development, reverse feeding, defense (advocacy), and assistance) on the product quality (product aesthetic, durability, ease of use, product performance, and serviceability) through the interactive role of the realized brand authenticity (continuity, integrity, credibility, symbolism) of certain mobile brands. As the sample study was represented by 732 customers, Therefore, the study problem was formulated in relation to the relationship between study variables, following which the study's objectives were set, and the hypothetical outline of the study crystallized the formulation of special hypotheses tested in the statistical package to model structural equations in a small square manner (AMOS.V.25). To analyze what the study tool provided, a set of statistical methods, namely, confirmatory working analysis, Cronbach's alpha coefficient, identification coefficient (R2), natural distribution of data, and descriptive statistics of computational medium and standard deviation, The correlation coefficient and the results of the study showed a clear and important perception of the relationship between the customer and label innovation. The continuity of the realized brand and the quality of the product, perhaps the most important findings of the study, are reflected in the high level of awareness by the sample of the importance of the perceived brand authenticity in order to encourage customers to participate in the innovation of the brand to enhance the quality of the products. This enables the organization to improve its ability to effect change in a manner commensurate with the skills and expertise of its service providers during the service meeting. In light of these findings, the study presented a set of recommendations

The aim of the research is to address the lack of efficiency in the flow of materials and energy during the production processes to reduce the generation of environmental influences during the production processes and after the consumption of products by customers, as the problem is the lack of use of modern technologies for most economic units and this leads to the waste of large amounts of materials and energy and lack of interest in environmental influences, as the technique of accounting for the costs of material flow is one of the best techniques through which efficiency can be achieved with material and energy flows starting from pickles to outputs It was able to reduce the material losses that are generated during the production processes as well as identify the places of weakness and imbalance that lead to the waste of materials and energy and work to address them and this leads to the leadership of the cost and create a competitive advantage for the economic unit through the production of low-cost and high-quality products and thus leads to reducing prices and the demand of customers to request them, and in order to test the hypothesis of the research, the factory of Diwaniya textiles was selected sample for research in order to identify the role of cost accounting technology Material flow in the implementation of cost leadership strategy which helps the plant to achieve many of the Competitive Advantages.

The importance of the study in showing the importance of green manufacturing strategies as one of the requirements of environmental performance that contributes to reducing the effects and damage on the surrounding environment, and the role it can play in the success of the economic unit. There are three main variables which are agile production with its requirements (organization and arrangement of the work site, continuous improvement, comprehensive productive maintenance, modular parts and working methods, flexible workforce, cellular arrangement, kanban card, withdrawal system, quality at the source , visual management, supplier participation, equal load of workstations) and green manufacturing with its requirements (downsizing, recycling, reuse, recycling, environmental management system, green procurement, green design, social and environmental responsibility) and project success with its factors (support to senior management, goal setting, error detection and remediation, project planning and scheduling, project team, communications, customer satisfaction). This topic of study was chosen because of the importance it offers to the oil sector by the resource economy and the delivery of environmentally friendly projects .
The deductive approach was adopted in the theoretical aspect of the study as well as the inductive approach in the practical aspect.

In Iraq and after the creation of the year (2003), the external factors played a role in influencing the inflation rates due to Iraq’s openness to the outside world, as most of the components of the consumer basket are importers, which made the Iraqi economy vulnerable to the expected price fluctuations in the world, negatively or positively.

Many countries in the world have witnessed significant increases in population, and Egypt is one of these countries that has witnessed high population growth, which has led to an increase in demand for and consumption of electric energy because it is involved in all areas of human life .
Accordingly, the research aims to know the most important effects that the population growth in Egypt has on the total electricity consumption and the per capita share of it, and its impact on the various uses of electricity. To reach the desired goal of the research, it was relied on the descriptive analytical method in analyzing the evolution of the indicators under study depending on the data available on this topic .
The researchers have concluded that the growth of the population size has contributed to raising the level of consumption in all areas of electrical energy use, taking into account the impact of other factors, in some years that may have caused a reduction in electricity consumption in various sectors, such as the economic reforms in the energy sector that Egypt followed and the pandemic. corona .

According to the researches in the field of economic development and information systems, The aim of this study is to search for a better understanding of the relationship between ICT capabilities within the digital economy environment. Saudi Arabia and used to develop a theoretical model describing the relationship between these variables. to test the generalizability of the model, data were collected from the economy in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia on the research variables.

After the economic and political events and developments that occurred after 2003 and the adoption of the open-door policy in foreign trade and the subsequent shocks to the Iraqi economy, but it is necessary to identify the reality of the agricultural sector and its trade. The Iraqi market still suffers from a severe dumping of agricultural products, as well as a very small contribution of agricultural exports to Iraq's total exports, and a persistent deficit in the agricultural trade balance. The research aims to analyze the indicators of agricultural imports and agricultural production in Iraq for the period 2004-2019 to show the effects of the change that took place after 2003 and the repercussions of the shocks that the Iraqi economy has been exposed to. The output of the gross product, the high rate of coverage, agricultural exposure and the average tendency to imports.

The development paths in Iraq witnessed a state of imbalance in the intellectual and economic approach due to the internal conflicts over power that occurred after the establishment of the modern state, which made successive governments to draw their economic policies according to short-term programs and visions to confront crises and emergency economic fluctuations, in addition to their reliance upon one economic source (oil) in financing the economic policies, despite having a lot of natural and human potential that can bring a qualitative boom in the gross domestic product if utilized properly.
Thus, according to this study, it can be concluded that the process of strengthening the developmental paths of the state in Iraq lies in the necessity of having a political leadership that carries a clear developmental thought and philosophy that contributes to creating an economic stability for long periods, in addition to expanding human capabilities and social investment through consolidating the relationship between the state and society, which would lead to the promotion of economic growth, and the consolidation of ties between the state and the private sector. That is, to create a more balanced and strong economy to face emergency economic crises in accordance with long-termed developmental programs and vision, as well as the state’s need for adopting a new strategy which works on developing the institutional system, diversifying sources of income and eliminating corruption and nepotism in an effort to provide developmental benefits for all segments of society with no discrimination.

The issue of housing policy in Iraq is a vital and renewed issue that is affected by the various economic and social aspects of the population, as well as being affected by the quantitative, qualitative, structural and distributive aspects. Through these changes and their continual renewal, the subject acquires an increasing importance depending on its nature and amount, as well as what it provokes from different reactions and theoretical origins between pessimism, optimism and neutrality. Therefore, there has been a lot of controversy and a multiplicity of opinions and conflicting ideas at the intellectual and international level on this subject, which can not remain constant except in rare and exceptional cases, which are undesirable cases because of the negative effects it reflects on society from its various aspects and its economic value is destroyed in the absence of follow-up. A future housing policy, and this matter has raised real concerns among governments, including Iraq, and some international circles with an interest in this issue, which are trying to emphasize that such disparity is among the most important reasons that create the economic and social gap, as well as political tension between the countries of the world. Therefore, it seeks to restore balance to the population at the level of different regions and countries by following a future housing policy that achieves ambition and general balance. Here arises the economic and social importance of the issue of housing policy.

Iraq one of the countries whose banking system is often exposed to certain disturbances due to the weakness of the monetary mechanisms used in managing these crises or the weak performance of that device in activating early warning indicators on the effect on inflation. Therefore, the research came to aim at analyzing the development of these indicators and their quantitative relationship in the inflation. For the period (2006 - 2020), using the Autoregressive Distributed Time Gaps (ARDL) model, the research reached a set of conclusions, the most important of which was the weak impact of early warning indicators on the inflation, which indicates the weak effectiveness of the Iraqi banking system despite the high Ratios of capital adequacy and asset quality, which is not commensurate with the requirements of the current stage.

The research aims to know the interim financial reports and their impact on the annual financial statements, and to know the financial statements and how to disclose them in accordance with the accounting standards that pertain to the interim reports, as well as to identify the most important obstacles and problems that impede strengthening the financial statements through interim reports and how to disclose them, as for the most important conclusions What the researchers reached is that the interim financial reports are prepared regularly, as the economic units issue interim financial reports on the time specified for them. It is necessary to adhere to the application of the accounting standard (34) in economic units with regard to the preparation of annual financial statements and to encourage studies and research related to the disclosure of interim reports, and to make an extra effort and helpResearchers get the information they need.

Some time series are characterized by their great volatility over time, especially time series related to the movement of the economy, and those related to the change in stock prices or the movement of financial transactions and stock markets, which are characterized by being non- stationary over time due to the change in the behavior of observations, making them suffer from the problem of Heteroscedasticity . The paper aims the use of predictive models that a time series can adapt to with large fluctuations and with long memory over time, a number of important models used to deal with FIGARCH time series when the error distribution follows the t-distribution were studied and reviewed, which were used For the first time by Researcher Engel in 1982 and developed by other researchers, the characteristics of these models were reviewed and applied for the purpose of forecasting daily oil prices according to the prices approved by OPEC for the period from 2003 to 2022, where the practical analysis of oil price data showed that the best prediction model is the ARMA model. 2,2)-FIGARCH(1,d,2) in which the error follows the t-distribution, and the best predictor performance is out of sample .

Regression analyses have two major purposes, explanation and the prediction. The explanation concept of the regression model can be capture by introducing the more interpretable model via variable selection procedure, while the prediction ability of the regression model can be capture by balancing between the bias and the variance of the interest parameter estimates. This paper explores the Bayesian adaptive lasso method, a shrinkage method that provides estimation and variable selection procedure, also this method yields more interpretable model with more prediction accuracy. The reciprocal lasso has favorable properties comparing with lasso and for that we utilize two scale mixture formulation, the first one is the scale mixture of normals and the scale mixture of uniforms. New hierarchical prior model and full conditional posterior distribution with the Gibbs sampler algorithm have developed. Two simulation scenarios conducted to test the performance of the proposed Bayesian methods in quantile regression. The results explained that the proposed models are comparable with some methods.

The support vector machine (SVM) is a binary classification approach that is both accurate and flexible. It has had significant success, but if too many variables are added, its performance might decrease. The lasso method penalizes least squares regression by adding the absolute values of the coefficients (ℓ1-norm). The structure of this penalty encourages sparse solutions (with many variables coefficients equal to 0). The major goal of group lasso is to construct the lasso, the group formula, in order to find the common elements of groups. The simulation shows that group lasso method outperforms the lasso.

The support vector machine (SVM) is a highly accurate and adaptable binary classification technique. It has had considerable success, but its performance can suffer if too many covariates are included. In this article, we used lasso penalizes least squares regression by adding the absolute values of the coefficients (????1−????????????????). This penalty's structure promotes sparse solutions (with many variables coefficients equal to 0). We propose the fused lasso as a generalization designed for situations like this. Both the simulation study and colon cancer data example show that proposed methods outperform the other existing methods.

The study aimed to test the role of green psychological empowerment of employees (meaning, self- determination , competence and impact) in enhancing organizational sustainability with its economic, social and environmental dimensions. The study relied on a questionnaire as a tool to collect data from (476) faculty members working in some universities and private colleges in the Euphrates region in Iraq. It used a number of statistical methods to test its hypotheses, and concluded that the green psychological empowerment of employees , especially competence and self-determination plays an important role in promoting organizational sustainability.