Sciences Journal Of Physical Education

It is the responsibility of the society with its various institutions to provide everything that will contribute to the decent and healthy living of the elderly. What is important to us in this field is what the sports community and its institutions contribute to the application of the recreational scientific curricula of the elderly, which promotes their health and psychological wellbeing. The study aimed to prepare a recreational (health- psychological) program with music, which suits the sample nature .Then, identifying the effect of this program on alleviating depression and improving mood among research sample. The researchers used the experimental method on a society consisting of (40) men aged (60-65) years, suffering of intermediate Depression. The sample w 20 people, selected randomly. After having undergone the pre-tests of the scale of the depression for Aaron Bek and then applying the program. The program took 10 weeks and 4 units per week, (3) Health training units (Swedish exercises – Exercises by ball), and recreational unit. After the posttest, the results were collected and processed statistically. The program was concluded to have an effective impact in alleviating depression and improving mood.

The research aims to identify the effect of the counseling program by the real treatment method to modify fanaticism trait among Daggarh club young players in volleyball and to identify the effect of the modification of fanaticism trait on accuracy of smash among Qatari volleyball young players. To achieve the research objectives, the researcher used the experimental approach of two equivalent groups of pre and posttest (16) Players, which represents the research sample, Daggarh volleyball club young players (16 players). The community was restricted in exclusively, divided into two groups, one is control group and the other one is experimental by 8 players for each group. In each group, the necessary tools and devices were used in the research and implementation steps, which included the preparation of a cognitive guidance program to modify the trait of intolerance and the pilot experiment and the main experiment that included the pretests through which the homogeneity and equivalence of the members of the research sample and then applying the cognitive guidance program and the posttests. The researchers concluded that the strategies used in the cognitive guidance program has an effective impact on modifying or alleviating the trait of intolerance and smash accuracy of volleyball players

The study aimed to design to compare the strength of ego in terms of predicting the emotional equilibrium of among students of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences. The researcher used the descriptive method for its suitability for the nature of the research. The sample consisted of students of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, totaling (40 students) by 10 students of each college stage. The data was processed statistically by the statistical program Excel and SPSS .The researcher concluded:
In the light of the results obtained by the researcher, it was found that there were significant differences in favor of the students practicing the emotional equilibrium variable, while the results showed that there were significant differences between the practicing and non-practicing students in the strength variable and for the non-practicing students.In light of the conclusions reached by the researcher within the limits of the sample, the recommendations were as follows:
1- The researcher recommends the need to emphasize the educational and psychological programs that help to develop the personal aspects of students of faculties of physical education and athletes.
2- Starting training camps and scientific trips for students for the purpose of mixing students from other universities, which increases the personality of the individual and his / her equilibrium .
3- Investigating the relationship between emotional equilibrium and other variables and the eduction of predictive equations to predict them through variables
4- Conducting similar studies on samples of students of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences to devise predictive equations to predict emotional equilibrium in terms of Ego strength, and the meaning of other variables.

The research aims to identify the relationship between cognitive motivation and the performance of scouting skills in scouting at the advanced scouting phase and to identify the contribution of cognitive motivation in the performance of scouting skills and predict the performance of scouting skills in scouting at the advanced stage of knowledge in terms of cognitive motivation. The researcher used the descriptive approach of the two methods of survey and comparison. The research sample consists of the advanced scout phase in the Directorate of Education of Diwaniyah (78) Scouts. The sample formed 12% of the research community of (650) Scouts. The researchers used the appropriate statistical means for the current search.

The research aims to identify the values of some kinetic variables of snatching start phase in the ordinary manner and placing the energies above the starting platform as well as comparing the values. The researchers used the descriptive approach, and the research sample consisted of (5) advanced candidates, who are champions of Nineveh province. The researchers used scientific observation, measurement and analysis as well as a questionnaire to collect the data to obtain the values of some kinetic variables and physical measurements for swimmers. The study included a number of kinetic variables snatching start phase in the ordinary manner and placing the energies .The data were statistically processed using the mean, the standard deviation and the T test of the associated samples. The researchers concluded that there were significant differences between the values of some kinetic variables snatching start phase in the ordinary manner and placing the energies and in favor of the ordinary position. The researchers recommended that the trainers should be interested snatching start phase in the ordinary position to achieve better results in the variables of speed, time and total speed

1. Identify psychosomatic symptoms-physical and sensory-dynamic perception and their relationship with some of the skills in free swimming among female students of the third stage in the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at Salahaddin University / Erbil.
2. To identify the relationship between physical psychosomatic symptoms and some of the skills in free swimming among the female students of the third stage in the Faculty of Physical Education, University of Salahaddin / Erbil.
3. Identify the relationship between sensory –dynamic perception and some of the skills in free swimming among female students of the third stage in the Faculty of Physical Education at the University of Salahaddin / Erbil.
The researcher used the descriptive approach in the method of mutual relations for its suitability for method of the research. The researcher then identified the research community of the third stage female students in the Faculty of Physical Education at the University of Salahaddin / Erbi,, for the academic year 2014-2015, totaling (28) female students and thus become the number of the original community (23) female student .The research sample consisted of (21) female students of the same stage, selected by the deliberate l manner and they are the remaining students after the exclusion of (3) students because they did not complete the tests in the specified time .
The researcher relied on the following statistical methods to analyze the results:
(Percentage, mean, standard deviation, Pearson correlation coefficien

long jump includes the various technical stages that the jumper achieves to a good level of achievement if performed well and quickly. This allows the parts of movement to be defined clearly and accurately. This is achieved by performing repetitions, corrections and relying on feedback to ensure understanding and control of the movement, and the issue of identifying and controlling the critical points affecting performance requires the use of imaging and analysis in order to identify the real problems affecting the technical performance and not just rely on mere viewing, because the performance moment of advancement is characterized by speed and interrelation among the technical stages. Here, the research significance is expressed through the use of unspecified places for the advancement plate to help improve achievement and the starting parameters (starting speed, starting angle, height of the center of gravity) in the long jump to reach the level that the researcher aimed to achieve.
The researcher aims to:
Prepare exercises using unspecified places for the stage of advancement 1.
2. Identify the effect of exercise on the use of unspecified places and their effect on some biochemical variables and achievement of long jump among students.

The research aims to:
-Construct a measure of psychological empowerment and degree of ambition among National Center Staff for looking after Sports Talent
-Identify the psychological empowerment and degree of ambition among National Center Staff for looking after sports talent.
-To identify the relationship between the psychological empowerment and the degree of ambition among National Center Staff for looking after sports talent.
The researcher used the descriptive approach by the survey method for its suitability for the nature of the research. The sample of the research included National Center Staff for looking after sports talent (managers of centers and trainers) in the governorates of Baghdad and Basrah. The games included football, handball, taekwondo, basketball, volleyball, Wrestling, table tennis, athletics, weightlifting, fencing, boxing, swimming), by 12 games. The total population was 287. The basic research sample consisted of 161 individuals. (124) individuals, (15) individuals, and (22) individuals were excluded .The application sample consisted of 70 individuals .The first measure was the psychological empowerment adopted by the researcher as a data collection tool. The construction procedures included: (determining the axes of the scale, determining the method of drafting the items, drafting the items of each axis in its primary form, and adopting the steps). The scientific procedures in the construction of the scale, including the content validity and the f the virtual scale validity, and the validity of the construction represented by (statistical analysis of items ) the methods of contrasting groups, and internal consistency, and the method used the half-term splitting in stability), and the second measure: the measure of ambition prepared by (Moawad and Abdel-Azim, 20 05), and was applied by Al-Sharafi, 2013) and (Mowadee, 2015). The measure consists of (24) items, and the statistical methods were limited to: arithmetic average, variance, standard deviation, Carlson's torsion equation, simple cor

Photography is the basis in the process of analysis of sport movements so it was necessary for researchers to master the process of photography to adjust the variables that are designed to extract, especially the variable distance, which depends on the measurement of the existence of a real drawing scale. Many researchers may commit a mistake in the location of drawing scale due to moving away or approaching camera, which gives a percentage of error in the real values, so you have to find an alternative solution and find a suitable way to reduce the error in the scale. The study aimed to identify the percentage of error at the location of the scale of the drawing on the location of the performance in moving away and approaching from the camera, and find an alternative solution to address the error in measuring distance. The procedures were summarized by photographing a 2-meter and 2.05-meter display in five different positions from the camera within a 2 x 1 m rectangle with a drawing scale in the middle of the rectangle. The length of the screen is then extracted and displayed at each location according to the real scale located in the middle of the rectangle and the error percentage will be identified., then the height of the figure is re-extracted again according to the proposed method ,which is to use the rectangle as a measure of drawing where the screen is adopted to extract the scale of drawing by drawing a line between the sides of the rectangle, which is 1 meter (width) and identify the error percentage. The results showed that there is an error percentage at the different location of the performance of the site of the scale of drawing in moving away and approaching the camera, which begins to increase the value of the real measurement as you approached the camera away from the scale of drawing, and vice versa begin to underestimate the real measurement once it moves away from the camera and the scale. As for the proposed method, there was a very small error percentage for the real measurement in all five locations. This is why we recommend using this method in all research instead of the traditional drawing scale to ensure more realistic values when the location of the performance is different during filming

The research aims to identify the real role played by the supervisor in developing leadership skills (The skill of creativity, the skill of development, the skill of influencing others, technical skill) and the need to provide these skills to teachers of physical education, The research community of all teachers of physical education distributed in (48) secondary schools and the total (169) teachers (52 females, 117 males ) in the Directorate of Education Baghdad Rusafa third, where the problem lies in the research on the extent of the supervisor's competence in the development of leadership skills of teachers of physical education. The researcher used the analytical descriptive method and the questionnaire tool to collect information, either statistical means (SPSS), proportion of agreement, mean, standard deviation, simple correlation coefficient, and Sperman Brown equation, hypothetical mean equation .The results of the study showed that supervisors who exert their leadership role in developing leadership skills among teachers of physical education with an average grade. The fifth chapter included the findings of the researcher. In the light of these conclusions, the researcher recommended several recommendations, including involvement supervisors of physical education in special courses to develop their leadership skills, subjecting the supervisors of physical education to the tests of leadership skills by special committees, and conducting a study similar to the current study on other sports samples such as trainers and heads of sports clubs

The research included the introduction and the importance of the physical side in the development of the functional aspect through the reflection of the development that gets to the functional variables,. The extrusive exchange takes place in the level of achievement of the athlete especially the levels of teams, especially the activities of digital games because of the great importance in enhancing the physical aspect and raise the efficiency of job performance, Oxygen and non-oxygen capacity in which the gas exchange rates o Exhalation and inhalation are manipulated, as well as the control of the amounts of oxygen, i.e., the training under (oxygen deficiency), which is reflected on the side of bearing muscles and its continuity under conditions of oxygen deficiency ,which gets to the player's performance, especially water sports, including kayaking rowing . The research also included the objectives using the training exercises on arcomiter device in the hypoxic style, and also identify the effect of these exercises on the development of speed bearing among the national team of young players for kayaking rowing of 200 meters as well as identifying its effect on the digital level of the players of the national team

The researchers , due to their existence in tennis game, they observed that most students suffer from a lack of harmony between the performance of the front and rear shot in tennis, which negatively affects the level of performance and difficulty of scoring, .The research aimed to identify Effect of complex motor exercises on the development of the accuracy of front and rear land shot among students in Tennis ,and to identify their preference for the effect of complex motor exercises or the normal exercises developing the accuracy of the front and rear shot among students in tennis in the post tests. The researchers used the experimental approach in the design of the two equal groups due to their suitability for the nature of the problem to be solved. The research community was identified as students of the third stage in the Faculty of Physical Education - Karbala University, which is (60) students. The resechers concluded that complex motor exercises have clearly affected the development of the front and rear land shot among students. The researcher also recommended the need to pay attention to complex motor exercises and the link between the physical and skilled aspects during the exercise and one unit of training, and the need to pay attention to the front and rear land shot because it is a strong weapon to get points and win the match

This research discussed the study of the effect of two methods of training (alternative and traditional) of the two experimental groups, which included alternative style exercises, jogging and on the slopes up and down, while traditional exercises focused on the running exercises and different distances. The selection of such distances, for both groups, was done based on test of speed endurance as well as the chance of these distances (longer or shorter) of the test distance.. The purpose and importance of this is to find methods of training to help develop the physical capabilities of runner, especially the special speed of that capacity due to its great importance in the activity of 200 meters. According to the researchers opinion , the problem is that there is a weakness in the ability of speed endurance , especially in the last third of the distance, and this may be due to the training methods followed, so two training programs were developed
for a period of (12) weeks and two training units per week and during the period of special preparation .The sample consisted of (12) runners of the National Center of the talented and (6) runners for each group, and the objectives of the research focused to identify The effect of jogging exercises up and down using slopes and stairs on the development of special speed endurance , and to identify the impact on the Biochemical variables and achievement. The hypotheses stated that there were significant differences in the results of the special speed and biochemistry variables (under research) and the achievement between pre and posttests of the two research samples participants The researcher used the statistical package SPSS to reach the hypotheses and objectives. The researchers concluded that alternative method exercises contributed to the development of speed endurance and the biochemical variables and achievement, while the traditional method contributed to the development of speed endurance and some biochemical variables and achievement.

The study aimed to identify the extent of the use of rapid attack as well as the relationship between the number of quick attacks of the team and the center of the first three participating teams. The study on the teams participating in the World Cup in Germany with the participation of 24 teams, where the first place for the French team and second place for the Norwegian team and third place for the Dutch team .
The researchers used the descriptive of the survey method. The researchers analyzed the matches using the International Federation of Handball and the number of the rapid attacks of each type (individual - group - fast center) was used for each team and took only the successful ones and observed the number of times used in this competition and processed statistically.
The researchers concluded that the first team and the winner of the tournament had used 55 successful attempts, which helped him in many games to win deduct the result as well as the Norwegian team got 51 successful quick attacks also helped him to resolve a lot of games and determined difficult positions a. The Dutch team got a lower percentage of the first and second teams, and has received 41 successful quick attacks. The results showed us the usefulness and value of the rapid attack in resolving the important results and competition

The research aims to
- understand the effect of various exercises specialized for the development of scoring by jumping and from different areas in the research sample.
Identify the differences in pre and posttests in the research sample in the research variables.-
The researchers used the experimental approach because it is the most appropriate approach to solve the problem of research and achieve its objectives
The research sample was chosen by the deliberate way of female players of Sulaymaniyah club of basketball. The homogeneity and equivalence between the two groups was conducted in the light of the pretests. The researchers used a number of devices, tools and means of data collection and then prepared a suggested approach for developing the scoring by jumping from different areas of basketball. They conducted the pilot experiment on a sample of the research community. After preparing all the inputs, they conducted the pretests for the sample and then applied the approach which took 8 weeks with 3 training units per week. After completing the application, the posttest of the research variable were conducted. After obtaining the data, they were processed using the appropriate statistical means.
The researcher reached the following conclusions and recommendations:
-The proposed exercises have led to the development of scoring by jumping from various areas among the experimental group individuals.
-There were significant differences between the pre and posttests in skill variables investigated for the experimental group.
-Adopting the proposed exercises by basketball young coaches for their importance in developing scoring by jumping from different areas.
-The need for trainers and instructors to adopt the scientific bases in training and teaching basketball scoring skill

The research aims to detect:
1. The Effect of exercises used above the grass floor in a number of physical and skill variables.
2. The Effect of exercises used on the sandy floor in a number of physical and skill variables.
3 - The effect of exercises used on the soil floor in a number of physical and skill variables.
4 - Significance of statistical differences between the exercises used above the floors (herbal, sand, and soil) in a number of physical and skill variables among junior footballers.
5. Detect of the rate of development in a number of physical and skill variables between the exercises used above the floors (herbal, sand, and soil) among junior footballers.
The researchers used the experimental method for the suitability and nature of the research, and carried out the research on a sample of 27 junior footballers of the Nineveh football club for the season (2013/2014) ,divided into three experimental groups and 9 (players) for each group, (77.14%) of the total population after excluding (8) players. The homogeneity and equivalence between the three experimental groups was achieved in all the research variables.