Journals geographic

The Sex (Gender) and age structure of the disease has a difference in the
incidence of infection. Diseases are infect both sexes without any exception.
In addition, the diseases of the study affected both groups in the governorate
and in different percentages between the sexes depending on the pattern of
disease. The total percentage of males in the two age groups is higher than
For females in . While for year and females were found to be
higher than males for both diseases (malnutrition and kidney failure). For the
- years group, diseases (renal failure and anemia) were the highest in
males on compared with the rest diseases, and the ratio of gender as a
population indicator reflects the trend.The results of the statistical analysis
confirm the existence of variation in the gender ratios in the administrative units
of the province due to the superiority of the calculated values of Kay to indicate
that there are significant differences in distribution.

The scientists and thinkers disagree about the concept of civilizational interaction. Some
express it as a clash of civilizations and some say that it is the dialogue of civilizations and
some are expressed in cultural deliberation, but according to these opinions it is a gathering
that means the convergence and communication of different nations and peoples with
varying cultural dimensions within space and time and with the stability of the natural
environment of each region. Civilizational interaction is a certain level of interaction between
various groups with different cultural environments to achieve the development and progress
of human and public and private, which is a process of cumulative development takes place
in a state of stability, and can not be interaction with an external civilization or mother unless
there is an internal interaction based on. The basis of participation and cooperation between
the individual and the other is within the local environment itself and within a single
community. This interaction, whether internally or externally, has a great influence on the
formation of the urban fabric of each society. Therefore, the urban fabric is the mirror and
document that reflects human interaction with the environment The problem of research was
determined by the lack of awareness of the importance of elements of the cultural and
natural environment that lead to finding the means for civilizational interaction in the
formation of the urban fabric. Based on the above, the hypothesis of research is determined
that the formation of the urban fabric is the product of human interaction with the
surrounding environment and this process of interaction takes place on two levels, which are
interrelated with each other and they are . Human interaction with its local environment. .
Human interaction with the external environment, or the influence of societies outside the
surrounding. In the light of the research problem, the goal of the research is determined by:
- to explain the reasons that led to the emergence of the Greek civilization as a case
study by tracking the stages of rapid development of their cities, the fact that the Greek
civilization is the basis on which the cities of the modern Western world for that We will
touch on The impact of these factors on the formation of the urban fabric of ancient Greek
cities. - Attempting to investigate the influence of the Nile Valley civilization on the Greek
civilization (the influence of the external environment) and how the Greek civilization
received the foundations and elements of the civilizations of the ancient East, And in turn
influenced the urban fabric of its cities and architecture.

Industries in all stages in its factory, but several reasons led to the multiplicity
of the stages of industrial processes, so each factory specialized in one stage
of them, finally the last one assembles parts of production to produce one main
commodity .Currently, it might not be possible for a single factory to complies
all stages without linkages with others, and this is what call today industrial
integration.
The issue of industrial integration was gaining a great interest from workers in
industrial fields due to benefits it achieves to industrial establishments,
especially when a board industrial base is available. Putting the industrial
integration into application accelerated development at the national level
through making the interconnected industrial projects that contribute in
supporting and strengthening the role of collective action, that which industrial
integration between large and medium enterprises . Successful planning
methods depending on actual linkages between industries now and in future. In
advance economies, exchange goods between different industries forms a high
reaches ( -
) of the total demand, and in the less development countries
that mainly produce consumer goods and import large quantities of industrial
materials and machinery, the industrial integration g linkages are at a
minimum.

Quality of life is a subjective name that refers to the social well-being of
individuals and the environment in which they live, so for the individual it is a
group of demands or needs that the individual seeks to satisfy or provide while
he is satisfied with it, and when the individual satisfies his needs, it is replaced
by other needs, so the concept of quality of life differs from an individual To
another, and from one society to another, and from time to time. Objective and
subjective indicators are closely related to the quality of life, and therefore the
subjective and objective aspects are two complementary methods, and neither
can be separated or dispensed from one from the other, both of which play an
important role in the quality Alive E, as the quality of life has a positive aspect
that is evident through subjective indic

This research dealt with the study of the cartographic representation of the
distribution of the population of the province of Najaf. The geographical
distribution of the population, while the fourth topic dealt with the analysis of
spatial variation of the environmental population distribution, and the fifth topic
came to study the age arrangement of the population of Najaf Governorate.

The problem of terrorism in Iraq is one of the most important problems in the
geopolitical theater because of the great impact of this phenomenon on Iraqi
society in general and in Salah al-Din Governorate in particular and its impact
on restructuring the construction of civil and political society and political
systems and their perception of this phenomenon. By explaining the impact of
ISIS's occupation on health security in Salah al-Din Governorate and its impact
on the phenomenon of displacement and displacement, and trying to uncover
the most important causes of this phenomenon and its geopolitical dimensions
by explaining the governorate's strategic location, which is a link between the
north and south, as well as showing the most important variables that have
affected the exacerbation of this phenomenon And using the historical
approach, through which we will try to trace the impact of ISIS terrorism and
the damage caused to health security in Salah al-Din Governorate, the
descriptive approach to accurately describe this phenomenon, the description
of health security before and after the occupation of ISIS, and the functional
approach, which aims to clarify the state’s role to advance health security in
the governorate. And the analytical approach to analyze the data and indicate
the extent of the deterioration and improvement of health security in that
province, to try to reach Solutions for the advancement of health security in
that province

It seems that there is a lack of studies on riverbanks planning at present. The
problem of research is that the lack of the proper planning of activities within
the investments and urban land uses as well as the lack of activities that can
be established on the riverbank with a reconsideration of the existing various
activities. The research included a theoretical study of planning concepts and
factors that led to increase the problems and obstacles which are represented
by natural population growth and lack of awareness of the region\'s population.
In addition, there is the absence of urban planning of all the activities on the of
riverbanks. The study discussed the water bank planning after identifying the
urban planning of the riverbanks or the river edges by approaching the
definitions particularly the zoning and the affected factors (economic, social,
historical and spatial). Moreover, there is a factor of movement and transport
(movement of infrastructure and movement of goods and people). Throughout
this, the required locations of activities on the river’s edge need to be specified
such as quays, the parking areas and routes for movement and access. The
research also focused on determining the land uses and how to plan

Drought is one of the main causes of desertification. This phenomenon can be
attributed to insufficient seasonal rainfall, a prolonged dry season or a series of
mediocre rainy season. The main feature of drought is the low availability of
water in a certain period over a certain area, which leads to a situation A sharp
drop in water availability and shortages can extend over a significantly long
period.
Accordingly, it was found that the direct impact of desertification on land
degradation is either a decrease in land productivity or a complete
abandonment of agricultural land, which ultimately leads to a food crisis in
many arid and semi-arid regions. There is a direct relationship between
drought, desertification and food security, as these environmental risks lead
Decreased soil quality leads to reduced agricultural productivity and ultimately
drought, which is one of the main determinants of food security. Drought and
desertification lead to degradation of fertile land through long-term changes in
soil, climate and biota, leading to desert-like conditions.
There are many indicators for measuring drought and its severity, including the
Palmer Drought Index, the Standard Precipitation Index (SPI), and the
Reconnaissance Drought Index (RDI). Simple indicators (SPI and RDI) are
much better than using complex hydrological indicators, and they are the
simple and most effective methods for studying climatology.And drought, where
these indicators have been widely adopted in recent years because of their
computational simplicity and sincerity in interpretation to represent drought, and
the drought results showed that both indicators show behavior similar in
general to drought values, but the difference between them is that the RDI
includes evaporation / transpiration and rain data in its calculation As for the
SPI index, it depends only on rainfall, and this is what made the RDI index
very sensitive to climate change, and this is somewhat important for detecting
drought years, because RDI is more sensitive than SPI to climatic conditions,
and therefore we cannot ignore the role of evaporation in drought
assessments. The RDI is suitable for water planning and management for the
purpose of drought monitoring, and is universally applicable compared to other
drought-related indicators.

Community services are one of the important services in the sub-district
because they provide the various services needed by the residents of Al
Haidariya sub-district, and educational and health services are considered
among the most important of these services because they create a conscious,
educated generation of the people of the district on the one hand, and it
ensures the health of the human being and preserves his safety from diseases
on the one hand. Other. The researchers will shed light on these two
important services in this aspect by studying the reality of the status of these
two services, in addition to the geographical distribution of these institutions
and whether the distribution contributes to the smooth and good delivery of the
services of these institutions to the population of the sub-district, as well as
assessing the efficiency of these two important services depending on The
local standards set by the Iraqi Ministry of Planning that are linked to these
services, and at the end of the research the two researchers reached a set of
conclusions and recommendations that the researchers hope to achieve some
benefit in achieving spatial development in the area.

This study is based on clarifying the nature of the geographical
distribution of horticultural crops in the study area, which reflects in its
distribution the nature of the appropriate geographical components, which
contributed to the cultivation and production of these crops within the study
area and will be explained in multiple axes, including the number of farmers in
the study area, and the variation of areas and types of crops between The
study areas are spatially and temporally.

After that, the oil on the spot that appears when entering the area in which it
appears is used, after applying the foundation on the basis of precipitation.
The operations of its calculations in real projects that lead to the desired
results in the methods and calculations of the water balance, were varied
according to secrets and time distances. Where these rates are ..
And the matter became more important, what is its importance and
importance, that is, the water balance accounts for economic activities and the
economic zone and the related activities for the population of Iraq.
This study This study (Climate Water Balance of Mosul and Al Kut stations)
to contribute with other studies in determining the amount of water needed for
irrigation and estimating the size of the irrigation need and what is related to it

A State has sovereign rights over its regional or territorial waters; those are the
areas of sea and ocean waters. Iraq has more than km , and has
coasts no more than km of its territorial waters, which are small compared
to its neighbouring countries (Iran, Kuwait); a region confined between Iran's
territorial waters in the east and Kuwait's territorial waters in the west.
Geographical factors, both natural and human, have contributed to problems
such as sculpture and barges. International conventions signed with
neighbouring countries, which are unfair agreements, led to the reduction of
Iraqi territorial waters and the expansion in neighbouring countries, which
affected and will affect Iraq's relations with neighbouring countries and prevent
the development of Iraq's territorial waters to connect with the rest of the world.

This research dealt with the study of the demographic, economic, psychological
and health effects resulting from the phenomenon of widowhood of women in
the district of Diwaniyah, and this phenomenon is one of the most serious
social problems facing women in general. It is necessary to shed light on such
a phenomenon in order to know its clarity among the administrative units of the
judiciary. This phenomenon resulted in a decrease in the number of children,
as well as children dropping out of schools, in addition to the low standard of
living for widows, and widowed women are also exposed to anxiety, disorder
and some cases of harassment of all kinds.

There is no doubt that the study of the distribution of the population and
Kthavthm in place, is one of the basic facts that are of paramount importance
in geographic studies, especially Population Geography studies, it reveals the
way the population is distributed in the natural place that allows them to invest
it and interact with it and thus stabilize it, as well as Maystgelet of contrast my
place in the size distribution of the population in different regions and
administrative units in the light of natural and spatial movement of the
population, and the variability of their composition age and gender, economic
and social, Viousel researcher geographical vision and its potential analytical
and which is recognized as the reasons behind this distribution and Matherath
and the consequent results in the fields different life, whether it be in the
economic aspects, social or political.

This Research aim to Study Geographical Distribution of Block Industry in
Nineveh Governorate and Knowing of Important Factors Which helped to its
Localization in its Current places like raw materials and Employment etc. the
Search Depend of the Field Study as Basic resource of data, and most
important conclusion of search was using old Tools in Production and its Effect
on Productions Type and Little units Issue Comparing with Market needs and
Population Issue in Governorate and Study Conclude with Conclusion and
Recommendation .

There is a current reality of green cities that are going through a critical period of real
disintegration from the green identity to the desert environment, as these green cities in Iraq
have become public and the study area in particular extended to the desert cover, replacing
the vegetation cover for several reasons, including as a result of poor planning, political
decision and human error in the environment Represented by the wrong methods in
agriculture, overgrazing and urban sprawl on agricultural lands, all these causes led to
drawing new features for the vegetation cover of the study area, which entail current and
future environmental risks that lead to environmental bankruptcy in this wealth for future
generations to enjoy and benefit from this wealth, and from
here We must follow sustainable development policies in this
aspect, which are based on optimal exploitation of natural resources and agricultural areas,
and their employment for the benefit of man.

Due to the increasing population growth as well as the urban development
witnessed by Babil Governorate, there has been a significant increase in the
number of students in all its schools, especially those located in urban areas,
so the primary education sector has faced many problems and obstacles that
may have negative repercussions on the educational reality in Babil
Governorate, and this is what prompted the researcher to study one of the
pillars of basic education, namely “primary education.” In this research we are
going to find out the reality and status of primary education and the extent of
its efficiency in Babil Governorate to search for the most important problems
and obstacles facing it and try to diagnose them and ways to address them
with the available mechanisms for their development. And increase its
efficiency in a way that achieves an increase in the percentage of satisfaction
for its residents, as the research included two axes. The first axis came to
stand on the reality of the primary education sector and the extent of its
efficiency in Babil Governorate, as this axis discussed the geographical
distribution of schools by district, as well as the distribution of students,
teachers, academic divisions, and enrollment rates in Each district and
according to the environment (rural-urban) and the application of planning
standards to find out the efficiency and size of this distribution, while the
second axis came to stand on the most important problems that Facing primary
education in the governorate and ways to address it with the available
resources.