Journals geographic

This research was prepared to show the size of population growth in the period. (2007-2020)، showing its impact on the educational services sector، the researcher relied mainly on data from the Central Statistical Office، the results of the 2007 general population census and population estimates for two years. (2017 and 2020) Ministry of Health Babylon Health Presidency data for 2020 and 2010، research results showed time change in population growth for years (2007، 2017 and 2020) Marked change in the study area with the highest population in(2020) it reached 885666، with a growth rate of 2.6 per year (2017-2020)، and increased population in (2017) for 2007، at 736،023 and at 3.3 growth rate per period (2007-2017) Thus، we note the temporal and، in particular، the spatial variation characterized by the variation and fluctuation between the administrative units of the study area in the three years. As the results of the research show، educational services in the study area are related to the size and growth of the population. In the light of the findings، the researcher recommended proposals.

The cadastral maps of the types of land use are of great importance, and this importance stems from giving them a picture of the reality of land uses in any city, and thus it contributes to the concerned parties making strict controls to prevent the abuses that occur from one use to another, or extending some neighborhoods with services that suit their volumetric development, and the importance of these has increased by relying on geographic information systems (GIS) techniques, as well as reliance on remote sensing data with high accuracy, which reaches centimeters, and this is much richer for studies from carrying the burden of cost, effort and time. This study included knowing the general structure of the spatial distribution of land use items in the city of Najaf for the reality of the year (2109) by relying on the satellite vision of the moon Spot 5 of (2019) with an accuracy of (0.6) with three scenes that covered the city and a visual interpretation was made for it through the use of practical studies. The study showed the high efficiency of geographic information systems in showing the geospatial distribution of land use categories based on remote sensing data.

The study examined the number of unemployed residents in the Najaf governorate and its administrative units in addition to the factors affecting unemployment and the ways to address them. The (Spss) program was used to analyze correlation and regression, multiple identification coefficient, T-test, F-test, variance analysis, and the Pearson correlation coefficient. To reach correct and accurate results.

This research highlights the role of the green economy, as it has been applied in Iraq to solve the problems of unemployment and poverty that Iraq suffers from, as the unemployment rate reached (13.8) for the year 2017 and the poverty rate (20.5) for the year 2018 and the economic, social and even political problems they caused.
As here in this research a conception of the application of the green economy in the agricultural sector was conceived, and this can be considered as a strategy that contributes to eliminating unemployment and poverty or alleviating them as a minimum.
The agricultural sector is a very important sector for Iraq in terms of its contribution to the economic structure. It is also a first step towards achieving food sovereignty and getting rid of the dependency that Iraq lives in.

Climatic factors affect the nature of urban planning and design of the old city of Kufa in a large way, because it originated in a dry and harsh desert environment, and protection from these climatic conditions must be provided to the human being in a way that is sufficient to achieve his feeling of thermal comfort through urban planning and design appropriate to these climatic conditions, and the effect of these conditions appears. The climatic conditions are clear in some of the foundations on which the old city of Kufa relied, both in terms of architectural planning. Those cities were subject to climatic conditions in planning. It played an essential role in the presence of some shapes and determining sizes and directions. It also suggests architectural treatments and the selection of materials that fit these conditions. The study took from the amount of climatic (thermal) comfort of the human being, that is, the extent of the person’s sense of climatic (thermal) comfort achieved in light of the urban characteristics as a function of the climatic harmonization of the urban characteristics of the old city of Kufa. The second level was concerned with climatic comfort at the level of streets and alleys, and the third level was At the level of the housing unit of the study area, and the study relied on field work data, whether by repeated review of climatic departments and stations to obtain data and ensure its accuracy, or by field study, registration and field monitoring of samples of the study area, measurement and registration of climatic elements in them according to a timetable representing the summer and winter seasons and in different places of the area the study . The study relied on the temperature-humidity index (THI) as a criterion for measuring human climatic comfort due to the characteristics of this criterion.

The research is entitled The Effect of Temperature Characteristics on Seasonal Disease in Babylon Province Its data were based on official data from the Babylon Health Service, Statistics Division of Duration (2011- 2019), to show the impact of temperature characteristics on seasonal disease pattern of conservation, indicate their temporal trends and identify the diseases in question that are affected by the population of the province in terms of their characteristics and causes in general by using a number of statistical transactions for the purpose of creating such an impact and knowing its type, degree and strength among the climatic environment? The study includes diseases that are frequently infected in certain seasons. The most important pathogens were also addressed. The research found a number of findings, which came with the proposed solutions to the problems developed by the researcher, the most notable of which was the existence of 18 seasonal displays. Of these, 7 were concentrated in the winter, 5 in the summer and 4 in the spring. The fewest diseases recorded in the autumn are just two

Rivers are among the most abundant water sources on the surface of the earth used by man, as the study area represented by the Euphrates River (Shatt al-Kufa) is one of these sources, so it carries during its flow large quantities of dissolved, solid and bottom materials to form the surface of the area through which the river passes to carve its banks The deepening of its course or the raising of its bed as a result of the accumulation of alluvial deposits in it, which contributes to the formation of a group of land forms, whether sedimentary or sedimentary, and these forms are of riverine origin as a result of river floods or as a result of its lateral movement and the processes it performs in its course, especially in The areas of river bends and twists, because the river has reached the aging stage, so this study came to shed light on a very important topic, which is (the river load in the waters of the Shatt al-Kufa and its geomorphic effects

Turkey has a strategy through its regional and international roles those aspirations link its future to the West in general and Europe in particular, which is the strongest motivation to go to the circle of the West [America and the European Union] so it has been keen to join any various European institutions such as the Organization for Development and Economic Cooperation and the Council of Europe and in all these organizations and events Caspian, a bridge between Europe, Asia and Africa, has shown in this location different continents, Turkey is located in the center and heart of the continents and these are advantages and bets on which to build its external strategies to move its regional and international role and aims to find out the movement of Turkey geolutic in its geographical and regional surroundings and in the Middle East Central Asia and the European Union, the Islamic state of the model of peoples, this country launches the importance of researching the regional and international challenges facing Turkey, which limit its mobility

:Potato is one of the most productive vegetable crops in the world due to its nutritional importance as it is an important source of energy Because it contains important carbohydrates and starchy materials, vitamins and minerals, so it is included in what has become known as strategic vegetable crops first and its industrial importance secondly Where it is the main source of starch and spirit and without a competitor, which explains the increased interest in it in recent years And the trend towards encouraging agriculture in Iraq in general, and the province of ALQadisiyah and the district of Afak in particular, increased the demand for agricultural food products in general and the crop in question. In particular, to keep pace with the accelerating pace of economic changes, the increase in population numbers, urbanization and the continuous change in food patterns and habits on the one hand, not to mention the rewarding economic return for the farmers of this crop on the other hand .Especially since it is grown in Iraq and the study area specifically During the autumn and spring periods, the state humanity The research was divided into an introduction and two chapters, the first of which was devoted to the study of geographical analysis of natural factors and their compatibility with the cultivation and development of the potato crop in the district of Afak, in preparation for making the district a region specialized in the cultivation of potatoes in the province of ALQadisiyah Which is the heart of the central Euphrates provinces, the food basket of Iraq, While the second topic defined the potato, reviewing its most important natural and moving on to the study of spatial analysis of the cultivation of the crop in the district of Afak for the period (2016-2021).It concluded with a number of conclusions and recommendations.

The Algiomorvih studies of studies that rely on natural conditions, which constitute the basic components of these studies so represent a natural geographic ingredient compromise dynamically to any area of control in type Algiomorvih processes prevailing severity or weakness of these operations, the operation started or completed by a certain Giomorvih factors as the process becomes Algiomorvih poignant by what play to a change in the surface of the Earth forms through the influence of natural factors of the study area and control the emergence of these landforms, for this, the ground manifestations and processes that contributed to the formation of these different manifestations of an important source of information upon which many of the studies, the area The study was characterized by the diversity of its units Algiomorvih there have been many Algiomorvih origin forms Alriha and water.

This study focused on the trends of actual solar radiation reaching the surface of the earth in the southern region of Iraq during the period (1988-2017), which are related to various clouds and dust phenomena, as well as air pollutants, which lead to blocking, reversing and absorbing a large proportion of solar radiation. The study also dealt with the wind element in terms of its speed, and then the study dealt with the effect of solar radiation trends and wind speed and measuring its effect on evaporation and evapotranspiration. We can make possible through finding appropriate statistical relationships.
The study found that there is a decrease in the trends of actual radiation values and wind speed and in most of the stations included in the study, and the study showed a direct correlation between the directions of actual radiation and wind speed on one side and the amounts of annual evaporation and evapotranspiration on the other side during the study period..

Sustainable development is the process of using resources to meet human needs while preserving the environment. These resources can be sustained not only for the present but also for future generations. The marshes are the largest wetland ecosystem dominated by herbaceous plant species. The marshes form a transition between aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. The marshes are often dominated by weeds, grasses, or reeds. The marshes are home to the inhabitants of the marshes, and there are also important areas of wildlife. The Hammar Marsh is one of the largest and most balanced natural systems in the world, linking the governorates of Basra and Dhi Qar in Iraq. It has an area of 2411 km2. During the construction of dams that prevent the arrival of the waters of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers to feed them, as well as being in areas characterized by a hot, dry climate, The marshes still possess many of the ingredients that contribute to achieving sustainable development. It has fertile soil that helps in the cultivation of various types of crops. The most important of which is rice cultivation. Reeds and papyrus grow in the marshes, and it is an environment that attracts rare types of migratory birds. The marsh is a good tourist resource that has contributed to attracting tourists from inside and outside Iraq. It can be developed through the establishment of hotels and the building of their service centers. Thus increasing the population’s interest in the region. It is important to develop their environment and adhere to it, reduce migration, and mitigate the problem of desertification of productive lands. This study focuses on the application of the concept of sustainable development. It focuses on human, economic, and environmental potentials and integration. Also, how are that reflections on the Hammar Marsh in the present and the future. The use of remote sensing and analysis of satellites are showing of water cover has increased in recent years (2019-2020). Its rate has reached between (19%-21%), which is the impact of this on soil moisture. On another hand, the increase in the area of natural vegetation reached between (21% - 28%). This is the impact of this on the population numbers, as the villages surrounding the Hammar Marsh. Which has witnessed a population increase in recent years after the re-flooding of the marshes.