Basrah Journal For Date Palm Research

The present study was carried out in a private orchard in Abu –
Alkhaseeb region –Basrah , during the growing season of 2011 , to study
some of physiological changes during growth and development of the
date palm ( phoenix dactylifera L. ) cv.(Khadrawi, Hillawi, sayer, Am
Al -dhen, Mektom). Result showed had a significant in considered,
sucrose concentration of fruit increased continuous to reach its highest
values at khala stage, then event by gradual decrease during rutab and
tamer stages. The total soluble solids of reducing sugars and total sugars
concentration and there was a gradual increase reached a peak value at
the tamer. Fruits of Sayer recorded the highest value in the percentage of
reducing , total sugars and total soluble solids 55% , 57%, 62%
respectively to tamer stage while Am Al- dhen recorded the highest value
of reducing sugars and percentage dry matter 22% , 52% respectively to
rutab stage . Values of moisture content compounds of fruits were high at
Kimri stage, then decreased as the fruits advanced toward the stages of
Khalal, Rutab and Tamer, , whereas the reverse was true for changes in
percentage dry matter, the results showed total acidity decreased during
growth and development stage. Changes in respiration rate production in
both cultivars was typical of that which characterize climacteric fruits

The present study was carried out during the growing season of 2011 in Shatt Al-Arab,Basrah to investigate the effect of salicylic acid application on certain fruit characteristic of Hillawi date palm .Salicylic acid was applied at 0, 25 and 50 mg/L on two occasion , 6 weeks and 8 week from pollination .The results showed that exogenous application at 25 and 50 mg/L caused a significant increase in most fruit physical characteristics . Spraying with SA decreased water content ,but increased percentage dry matter , and total soluble solids at the Khalal stage . However , SA had no effect on these characteristic at the Rutab stage . Spray with SA also significantly reducal titratable acidity and percentage fruit ripening

The current study was carried out to find out the infestation ratio of Batrachedra amydraula M. (Lepidoptera : Cosmopterygidae) on date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) caltivura Berhi , and estimating the efficiency of five insecticides Supersima 10%EC , Monocrotophos 40%SL , Mig 5%EC , Devigoz 50% and Fenkill 200%EC to control it.
The results showed that the infection of B. amydraula starting during Hababok stage and it was 15.72% in the 1st week of May , the infection ratio increased until to the end May and 1st week of June it were (57.42,49.88)% respectively, then decrease during July.
The results of chemical control showed the superiority of Supersima 10%EC and Mig 5%EC with an average of insecticides efficiency reached (83.73,81.36)% respectively.
The results also showed significant differ in the average of insecticides efficiency during treatment period, the period of three days was 70.18% , while there were no significant differ in the period (7,10,14) days , the higher efficiency of Supersima 10%EC was after three days from treatment and it was 91.42% , while Devigoz lower efficiency during the period 10 days it was 46.66%.

This study was carried out to find out the possibility of cetyl Trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) replacing in plant DNA extraction by polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) or sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS). The results showed that the replacing method was succeeded by two materials (SDS and PVP). The PVP had a significant effect in DNA extraction from plant tissue (leaf of date palm) comparison with other methods, The PVP had good quality and quantity DNA extraction comparison with SDS method

This study was carried out in cultivars laboratory / date palm research center to study effect of some soil properties (two type of soil and two level of E C (5, 10) dS.m-1 and two level of soil humidity (25, 50)% from soil capacity) on feeding of termites Microceroterms diversus (Silvestri) on two cultivars of date palm dependently on percentage of weight loss of leaves bases.
The results showed significant differ in weight loss percentage of leaves bases, the loamy sand soil record the highest percentage of weight loss of leaves bases with significant differ compared with clay soil and it's were (19.87, 18.84)% for two soil respectively, the EC level 5 dS.m-1 gave the highest percentage of weight loss of leaves bases with significant differ compared with EC level 10 dS.m-1 and it's were (21.26, 17.45)% for two levels of EC respectively, the level of humidity 50% gave the highest percentage of weight loss of leaves bases with significant differ compared with level of humidity 25% and it's were (22.24, 16.47)% for two level of humidity respectively, while don’t record significant differ between cultivars of date palm in weight loss percentage and it's were (19.49, 19.22)% for berhi and helawi respectively, the results of static analysis showed significant differs in weight loss percentage of leaves bases among all interpenetrations resulted from treatments.

this study was carried out to investigate the effective use of chemical pesticides and relationship its appearance of dust mites and injury cases blackening of fruits and fruits rot on the date palm Phoenix dectiyflera C.V. Barhii . The results revealed that vertemic was the most effective acaricides against the dust mites it is caused the lowest average of infestation percentage reaching 26.6% compared with sulphate and newtic super , where the averages were 32.85% and 35.02% respectively , compared with the control 85.71% it was found the acaricides had the role in decreasing of fruits rot , the lowest average was 15.83% in newticsuper ,compared with control with average 65.23% while the appearance percentage of blackening of fruits were increased with acaricides applications , the highest appearance percentage was regarded ,when control with aquatic acaricides ,where To aueraye 16.65% and 29.88% with vertemic and newticsuper respectively , compared to sulphate treatment , reaching 8.86% compared to control 3.99% .
Acaricides and fungicides were used to control the Dust mites , fruits rot and blackening of fruits , and it was noted that the lowest infestation percentage of dust mites were regarded with treatment of vertimemic or newticsuper with fungicides score or Benlate , reaching 0% in all treatments , compared to control 90%. The fruits rot appearance percentages were decreased in treatments (newticsuper + Benlate ) , ( sulphate + score ) and (Nermetic+ score) reaching 11.11, 4.11 and 10.56% respectively , compared to control 65%. the treatments of acaricides with fungicides decreased the blackening of fruits in (sulphate + score or Beulate)where the average 0%.
While the appearance percentage was decrease at the liquid acaricides treatments and the highest average was 25% in miming ( newticsuper + score ) compared to 7% of the control .

This study was conducted in the laboratory of tissue culture of the Date palm Research Center
- University of Basra with a view to micro propagation two cultivars of date palm (Barhee and Braim) mediated by tissue culture technology has been the use of various plant parts (shoot tip
,Lateral buds, , the principles of leaves) obtained from Date palm off-shoots old (2-3) years.

And planted those parts plant in the heart of MS nutrient medium supplied with 30 mg / L NAA and 3 mg / L 2IP, 3 g / liter of activated charcoal and 30 g / L of sucrose and 40 mg / L Adenine sulfate and 170 mg / L sodium ortho phosphate and, 7 g / liter Agar - Agar either vitamins were added to focus all of 1 mg / l for the purpose of obtaining the initial callus and embryonic embryos and then change the type of vegetation has been the medium according to the stage and type of vegetation has shown the results of the study include:
1- The addition of 3 mg / L of BA led to significant increase in the average number of vegetative branches of the kind of Barhee, with an average number of branches 6.36 branch, while the low concentration Zero mg / L for the lowest number of branches and reached 1.14 branch, has also increased the rate of vegetative branches to the maximum rate when you add a focus 4 mg / L of BA in a class-Braim and was 5.25 branch. Fell to its lowest value when you use the focus zero mg / L up to 1.17 branch
2- have to use the same transactions in the first paragraph to the significant increase in the average length of vegetative branches and both categories reached its highest level since the length of the section of the kind of Barhee 4.34 cm and 2.61 cm, the lowest rate, either for a class-Braim has reached its highest rate of 3.59 cm and 2.20 cm, the lowest rate
3- The results showed that the orderly growth 2IP a BA in the average number of branches and length, with an average number of branches compared to the 3.27 branch BA, amounting to 3.41 branch and non-moral difference, regardless of the focus. As to the average length of the section that took the results of the same conduct for what it is in the number of branches
4- The results focus than 4 mg / L in the average number of vegetative branches and length regardless of the type of orderly growth and product
5- Found in the results that may outweigh the Blonde class on class-Braim in the average number of vegetative branches, the length, with an average number of branches Branch and the rate of 5.84 cm 4.07 cm, regardless of the concentration and type of orderly growth