JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE

In this research Sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH) was partially
purified from sera of patients with type I diabetes mellitus by dialysis and
ion exchange chromatography step by step. One peak of SDH activity
was obtained with specific activity of 40.065 unit/mg protein and with
purification fold of 98.9 compared to crud enzyme. Inhibition of SDH
Inhibition of Partially Purified Sorbitol Dehydrogenase Activity From Sera …
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was studied by Glibenclamide and Rosiglitazone drugs, the best
concentration of both inhibiters was 6mM. The mechanism of SDH
inhibition by using both drugs were noncompetitive. There is no change
in Km value 100 mM. Vmax value without inhibitor was 22.175 but
13.634 and 14.615 unit/ml with Glibenclamide and Rosiglitazone
respectively. Accordingly, the inhibition constant Ki was calculated and
appeared 7mM for both inhibitors above.
Finally, we propose that action of these drugs may contribute to
decrease patients with type I diabetes complications through inhibition
SDH which plays an important role in polyol pathway.

This study was conducted to isolate Toxoplasma gondii from
aborted placentae of ewes, & follow up the histopathological changes that
produced in some different organs such as liver, brain & eyes of rats
which inoculated experimentally by suspension of the parasite.
Histopathological changes in brain represented by presence of
tachyzoites & tissue cyst at 30/45 days post infection associated with
encephalomeningitis–while in liver, the lesions characterized by presence
of perivascular & periductular cuffing of tachyzoites associated with
pyknotic nuclei of hepatocytes. Moreover, in the eye tachyzoites & tissue
cyst has been seen invaded in extraocular muscles, congestion of blood
vessels with lymphocytic infiltration and retinochoroiditis, also has been
seen.

Two Trichoderma spp. (T.harzianum and T.viride) which are well
known for their use as biocontrol agents were used in this study and
tested for their antagonistic activity against several plant pathogenic (and
even human pathogenic) fungi, also the activity was tested against
selected Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. The proper
conditions for the production of the antifungal compound were
determined, and after the production and extraction of the antifungal
compounds from the two Trichoderma spp., an attempt to partially
characterize the nature of the antifungal compound(s) was done using
several chemical analysis methods, and the results showed that the
inhibition was due to the production of antifungal compounds that had
many similar characteristics for both T.harzianum and T. viride but with a
difference in their antifungal actions.

This study provides novel information on the role of castration and
testosterone hormone replacement at (5ng/kg B. Wt.) in rats in the
parameters each of red blood corpuscles count, hemoglobin
concentration, packed cell volume (PCV), erythrocytes indexes, total
leucocytes count, differential leucocytes count, total cholesterol,
triglyceride, low density lipoprotein, high density lipoprotein, alanine
aminotransferase enzyme activity, total proteins, albumin, globulin,
glucose and body weight parameters in rats. Castration of the rats caused
a significant decrease in red blood corpuscles, hemoglobin concentration
and packed cell volume; accompanied with significant increased mean
corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, total number of
leucocytes, and percentage of neutrophils and low percentage of
lymphocytes compared with control group. Treatment with testosterone
hormone caused significant increased in red blood corpuscles,
hemoglobin concentration and packed cells volume and significant
decreased in total number of leucocytes, neutrophils and increased in the
number of lymphocytes. The present study showed a significant increase
in the levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein in
castrated rats group compared with control value. Administration of
testosterone hormone caused significant decreased in the levels of total
cholesterol, triglycerides, and low density lipoproteins compared with
castrated rats group. The current study showed no significant differences
between groups in mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, high
density lipoproteins, total protein, albumin, globulin, glucose, alanine
aminotrasferase enzyme activity and body weights .We concluded from
this study that castration of the rats produced significant effects in certain
blood constituent and lipid profile. Moreover administration of
testosterone hormone reversed the adversed effects caused by castration

This study was conducted to determined the effect of curcuma
longa (C-longa) as antioxidant and antiatherogenic in male rats after
treated with 0.5% hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in order to induced
atherosclerosis oxidative stress have been investigated via estimation of
Malondialdehyde (MDA) and Glutathione (GSH) in aorta and liver
tissues as indirect lipid peroxidation index. The results elucidate
significant elevation in GSH concentration parallel significant reduction
in MDA concentration in aorta and liver tissues as well as increase in
HDL-C and decrease in LDL-C in serum of male rats treated with Clonga and H2O2. Histological finding resulted less improvement in
Pathological and Biochemical Study on The Albino Rat Treated With …
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histological picture, reduction in lipid vacuoles in both internal and
medial layers associated with proliferation of vascular smooth muscle
cells (VSMC) but it not reach to normal tissue.

New derivatives of acetylenic amines containing salicylate group
have been synthesized through Mannich reaction which involved reaction
of propargyl salicylate with paraformaldehyde and secondary amines.The
structural formula of the synthesized compounds have been investigated
by physical and spectroscopic methods

The assessment of physicochemical and biological conditions at five
sites in Kasnazan impoundment water were conducted at monthly interval
during August 2004 to February 2005, in order to know the degree of
deterioration of water quality caused by anthropogenic activities in the area.
Depending on statistical analysis water quality changes showed significant
differences (P<0.05) in conductivity, pH, PO4, SiO2 and phytoplankton
density between site 1 and other studied sites. In addition to a positive
relationship between chlorophyll a concentration and phytoplankton density
was observed.
Generally, principal component analysis (PCA) showed that water
quality was impacted by fertilizer and detergents.

Villena's theorem ensure the automatic continuity of a derivation
on a non-associative H*-algebra with zero annihilator. In this paper, we
formulate the Jewell-Sinclair theorem in a non-associative content, and
we show that the Villena's theorem may be also followed from our
formulation of such theorem.

In this paper, we propose a modified version of the shifted VM
algorithms where the matrices Hk have the form , k k Ak H = ξ I +
k ≥ 1 where ξ k f 0 and Ak are symmetric positive semi definite matrices,
usually 0 A1 = , Ak +1 is obtained from Ak to satisfy the shifted modified
quasi-Newton condition ,we consider our new QN-condition the form
,
~ * *
k 1 k k k A y = ρ v +
* ~
k k k k v = v −ξ y , k k k k y = y + m v * where * * * * / k
T
k k k
T
k k ρ = y A y v y , and we
derive of the modified algorithms.
Experimental results indicate that the new proposed algorithms
were efficient than the both standard BFGS & the shifted BFGSalgorithms.

In this paper, we have investigated a new scaling parameter in the
standard memoryless L-BFGS algorithm. This new consideration is
compared with the standard L-BFGS method under the assumption of the
L-BFGS method with m=3, and by using ten nonlinear different
dimensionality test problems. The new modification performs very
effective numerical results compared with the standard algorithm.

In this paper, we consider the construction of the sextic splines
function which interpolating the lacunary data. Also, under suitable
conditions, we show that the existence and uniqueness of the solution.
The convergence analysis of this spline function is studied and the error
bounds are derived. This spline function applied to find an approximate
value of a given function and its derivatives through six orders. A
numerical example has been given to show the applicability and
efficiency of the new proposed technique.

The kernel of Windows operating system provides high-level
applications with the low-level functionality needed to perform system
operations. This functionality referred to as system services. So, Controlling
Monitoring Windows Kernel's Services.
١١٧
these services gives the ability to monitor and control important activities of
the operating system.
This research presents kernel hooking technique that is one of the
most efficient and used technique to achieve system services monitoring.
The aim of the research is how the operating system can be
programmatically monitored and controlled on a system-wide basis by
means of kernel hooking.
This technique was implemented in a device driver by accessing
SSDT (System Service Descriptor Table) to gain the ability for
manipulating and change number of effective kernel services for monitoring
programs execution, deletion operations and processes termination in the
system.
The work has been run successfully on Windows XP SP2 and
developed using DDK (Driver Development Kit) for device driver
implementation and Visual C++ version 6.0 for application implementation.
So, when the application is executed, programs execution, deletion,
and processes termination operations have been controlled, and gives user
the capability to permit performing these operations or canceling them.

The main purpose of this research is the survey of the development
Block parallel numerical algorithms for solute stiff ordinary differential
equations which are suitable for running on MIMD (Multiple instruction
streams with multiple data streams) computers.

The research tackled the classical problem in artificial intelligence
as 8-puzzle problem with genetic algorithm. The research present the
fundamental of genetic algorithm with sliding tile 8-puzzle problem.
Starting from current state for state space search into a goal state by
depending on the tile’s move (tiles out of place) in the current and
compare with the solution of the problem (goal), without blank’s move.
population size chose by the summation of probabilities misplaced tile’s
Genetic Algorithm to Solve Sliding Tile 8-Puzzle Problem.
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move (tiles out of place) in current state comparing with goal state. In this
research, depended on the Crossover and mutation for ordered
chromosomes method. The experimental in this research show that the
algorithm is efficient. The source code is written in Matlab language.

The project deals with the determination of ionization constants Ka
for ten acidic compounds derived from benzoyl acetone and dimedone by
conductivity method in water and ethanol solvents. These acids are in
forms of monoxime, dioxime and phenolic Schiff bases.
The calculated relative constants Kr for each acid are obtained by
dividing the ionization constant in ethanol by its value in water and at
constant temperatures. The Kr values collected have less than unity. A
direct linear plots are obtained between pKa for any acid versus the
dielectric constant of ethanol at the five different temperatures. The
results are discussed in detail.

The project deals with the determination of ionization constants Ka
for ten acidic compounds whose nomenclatures and structures are seen in
the text, derived from benzoyl acetone and dimedone by using
conductivity method. These compounds are in forms of monoxime,
dioxime and phenolic Schiff bases having phenolic groups in ortho, meta
and para positions on the aromatic rings. The relative values of ionization
constants Kr are calculated in water for the three systems mentioned at
five different temperatures and showed a different relationships.
The thermodynamic parameters of ionization for acids are also
estimated. This shows that the process of ionization of acidic compounds
under study in water solvent is non spontaneous (+∆G), endothermic
(+∆H) and is accompanied by an increase of order (-∆S) for the
ionization systems.
Finally a suitable interpretations for any one of these
thermodynamic parameters are given and discussed.

The study investigated the effect of the lipopolysaccharide, (LPS)
extracted from Klebsiella pneumoniae, on immune response of BALB/c
mice infected with secondary hydatid disease caused by Echinococcus
granulosus protoscoleces.
The immunopathological changes accompanied with secondary
hydatid disease in mice treated with LPS were followed in comparison
with the positive control group (mice infected with hydatid disease but
not treated with LPS before infection) along ٣-٥ months period of the
experiments.
Criteria taken into consideration included the specific cellular
immune response, expressed by the change in the delayed-type
hypersensitivity (footpad thickness) and humoral immune response
expressed by antibody titer, were also considered.
Results of the present study revealed an increase in the specific
cellular and humoral immune response, expressed by an increase in the
delayed type hypersensitivity (footpad thickness) and the titer of the
antibody, respectively, in treated mice.
Therefore, it may be concluded that the lipopolysaccharide extracted
from Klebsiella pneumoniae may possess some stimulating effect on both
specific cellular and humoral immune response against infection with
hydatid disease.

The present study investigation the ground water sited in Mosul city
in Nineveh government and some others in its suburb. The aim of the study
is to determining the type of chemical and physical characteristics in
addition to the validity of this type of ground water for various purposes.
For this purpes16 wells were chosen for four months samples from
each was takes at rainy season this period at April 2008 to July 2008 Out of
these 6was chosen to study the number of bacteria.
The result reveals that water of most wells were classified as hard to
very hard and also its water are not suitable for drinking and Industrial uses.
According to classification system for irrigations water. All wells of
sample were classified as C3S1 and C4S1, sodality percentage in all wells
were less than 70%.

The results of the present study revealed significant effect of alcoholic extracts of the leaves of Teucrium polium; the fruits of Citrus
aurantifolia and Capsicum annum at the concentrations 5, 10, 15, 20, 25
and 30 mg/ml for T. polium; the concentrations 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10, 12.5 and
15 mg/ml, for C. aurantifolia and the concentrations 1, 1.25, 1.5, 1.75, 2
and 2.25 mg/ml, for C. annum on the viability of the protoscoleces of
Echinococcus granulosus of sheep origin in vitro. Hence the
concentration 30 mg/ml for T. polium caused the death of all
protoscoleces in 30, 45, 60 minuets, respectively, the concentration 25
mg/ml caused the same result in 60 minuets, while the concentration 15
mg/ml of C. aurantifolia reduced the viability of the protoscoleces to
10.33% in 60 minutes and the concentration 2.5 mg/ml of C. annum
reduced the viability of the protoscoleces to 11.0% in 60 minutes.

The present study comprised the histological structure of the retina,
especially the pigment epitheiium and photoreceptor cells, in the eye of
the frog Rana ridibunda ridibunda pallas. On the other hand the study
include the effect of exposure to three different wave lengths of the
visible light (blue, green and yellow) at 510,525,580 nm of at wave
lengths and light intensity, 20,80,100 lux respetively on the pigment
epithelium and photoreceptor cells of the retina. The time of exposure
was ten continuos weeks.
The results revealed that the retina of the frog emposed of eight
layers & two membranes as that of the other vertebrates. The pigment
epithelium arranged as the row of columnar cells which separate the
choroids and retina.
The photoreceptor cell layer composed of rods and cones. Two
types of rods appeared which were adominant red rods and green rods as
in some other amphibia. There were two types of cones which were
double & single cones which consist of oil droplet at the apex of ellipsoid
portions.
The results of light exposure revealed that the blue light injuries
appeared after one week which were adecrease in melanin granules and
increase in phagosomes as well as the injuried of outer segments of
photoreceptor cells. The injuried increased as the time of exposure
prolonged. After seven weeks the injuries were rod outer segments
دراسة نسجية للخلايا المستقبلة للضوء في شبكية العين للضفدع ...
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shortening, cone thining,rod myoid pyknosis and swelling of nuclei of
some cones. After ten weeks of exposure awide damage appeared in the
pigment epithelium and photoreceptor cells, and phagocytes appeared in
the location of damage and the nuclei degenerated and necroted. The
exposure to green and yellow light also incluced injuries in the pigment
epithelium layer and photoreceptor cells layer, some similar to that of the
blue light but less acute. On the other hand the injuries of green light
more sever than that of the yellow light.

The results after using three drugs (Chloropromizone,
Clarithromycin and Ciprodar) with concentrations (0.5%, 0.25% and
0.125%) showed inhibitory effect for each concentration for the growth
of Trichomonas vaginalis in vitro and in 0.5% concentration in the
growth of Trichomonas vaginalis during 24 hours, after comparison of
these drugs with metraonidazole (in 0.1% concentration) which was
recommended for treatment of trichomonasis.

In this work, the electrical prporties of Poly Methyl Meth Acrylates
(PMMA) has been studies under the application of direct and alternating
electrical field at different temperature. Morever conduction mechanism
in direct field were investageted.
The current voltage characterstic for PMMA sample has been
studies at different temperature. The results show that the current leakage
increases as the applied voltage and temperature increase. It was also
found three regions appeared in the I-V characterstic with different slops,
their values approxametaly equal (1, 2 and 23) respectivly. Accordingly,
one can say the conduction mechanism in this study is space charge
limited current (sclc). The breakdown voltage were found for the sample
at temperature 20Cº
, 40Cº
, 60Cº
and 90Cº
equal to 2000V, 1200V, 1600V
and 1500V respectivly.
The study of dielectric properties of PMMA has been done by
measuring the capacitance and conductance as a function of frequency.
The experimetal results show that dielectrical constants(ε ′), dielectrical
loss (ε ′′ ) and loss tangent (tanδ ) decreases as the frequency increases.
While their values increases the temperature increases. The variation of
loss tangent with frequency as show that the peak frequency was shifted
to higher frequencies with an increase of temerature.

A parallel-coupled band pass filter is presented in this work. The filter
was designed at center frequency of 2GHz, on two different substrate
(εr=9) and (εr=16) with thickness (h=0.635mm). A brief description of
design calculation steps is also included. Filter's response is characterized
and their performance was compared from the output results like insertion
loss, VSWR and bandwidth frequency. The Insertion loss and VSWR for
substrate (εr=9) were (-1.24dB) and (1.5dB) respectively and the
bandwidth was (960MHz). Where for (εr=16) the output results were to (-
2.8dB), (2.5dB) and (800MHz) respectively. The Q-factor and filters size
were reduces as εr and electrical losses increases for a certain filter design.

The aim of this work is to study some fundamental of tracks
experimentally and theoretically in the detector CR-39 of thickness 250
µm, A computer program (TRACK-TEST) was used for calculating track
parameters. The results show that a maximum energy lost is occurred
when the energy of alpha particles is about 5.1 MeV, The tracks tip for
incident alpha energies 1 and 1.5 MeV appeared in a spherical phase
which is called over etch step at etch time 2hr, while a sharp phase for
energies 5.5,4.5,3.5,2.5 MeV was investigated, The maximum track depth
was found experimentally is about )5.1( MeV, while the calculated value
of this depth was found about )5.1( MeV.