Al-Qadisiyah Journal for Engineering Sciences

The objective of this research is to study the effect of Percentage on apparent porosity and compressive strength of ceramic filters. In this research, using ceramic raw materials to produced the filters. Filters made from the raw materials (Sand, Kaolin, and Calcium Carbonate), which obtained from Um Urdhuma and Al- Deuechla in the west of Iraq. Sand was the basic material used to make filters. Selective some of sand particle size (150μm, 125μm, 100μm, 75μm, 50μm), In addition to the binder material that consisted (65% Kaolin + 35% Calcium Carbonate), in different weight percentage (60% Binder + 40% Sand,

The current research tries to focus on the form of relation between the existing policies of the
urban renewal and the possibility of their influence by the sustainability methodology which
became today in the front of the propounding solutions for most of the adopted directions in the
(urban, environmental) design, through that, choosing a sample for a traditional city is in need to
such policies represent a suitable status for the study, city of old Mosul is considered a good
example for this purpose for having the past features with all its different faltering and
accumulations, where demolition hoes began to snort in its vibrant body.
The current research dealt with unclearness of the relation between the urban renewal policies
and the propounding methods of sustainability and the influence of these policies with the
current methods, and it tried to explain this relation where it displayed the most important urban
renewal policies and analyzing their relation with sustainability methods on the urban level
through showing a number of vocabularies within this side and its showing for a relation
between each other.

In this paper, the contribution and constitutive modelling of the intercostal muscles (ICM) in a computational thorax FE model is studied. This helps in improving our knowledge to predict the number and locations of the fractured ribs during automotive accidents. ICM demonstrates a number of complex features including nonlinearity, viscoelasticity, and anisotropy. These muscles consist of an external and an internal layer, each of them having its own fiber orientation.
Tensile tests were performed on ICM samples harvested from one cadaver. Each specimen consisted of a 15 mm-long rectangle of ICM connected to the adjacent superior and inferior sections of the ribs. The load and applied displacement were measured. An optical system (ARAMIS) was used to measure the strain field on the external layer. Preconditioning, ramp and hold (relaxation), and quasi-static failure tests were performed.
The hyperelastic material parameters were estimated through an optimization process based on the experimental force–displacement curves of the quasi-static tensile tests. The results of the parameters optimization revealed that the ICM exhibited a high degree of anisotropy. The identification of the viscoelastic parameters was accomplished from the ramp and hold (relaxation) tests using Prony series.

This research is devoted to study the effect of ball milling technique to improve the surface hardness of carbon steel (CK 45) die guides. This process depends on a rotating cylinder with number of certain size steel balls. Experimental works are carried out on guides rods with (15 mm) diameter, and (35 mm) length processed on laboratory ball mill. The factors those studied in this process are rotating speed, and time. The surface hardness is recorded before and after the processing. The results show that the best surface hardness is (86.11 Hv) obtained with ball size (5 mm) diameter rotate with (30 rpm) for (90 min.) processing time.

The analysis of the two dimensional subsonic flow over a National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) 0015 airfoil at two angles of attack, (α= 0°, α= 16°) and operating at a Reynolds number of 4.4 x 105 is presented. The flow was obtained by solving the steady-state governing equations of continuity and momentum conservation combined with one of three turbulence models [Spalart-Allmaras, Realizable and shear stress transport (SST)] aiming to the validation of these models through the comparison of the predictions and the free field experimental measurements for the selected airfoil. The aim of the work was to show the behavior of the airfoil at these conditions and to establish a verified solution method. Attention is focused on determination of the pressure distribution around the airfoil. Simulations were performed on an map quadratic structured grid with the Fluent (V6.3) software package which solves the Navier–Stokes equations by using finite volume methods. Calculations were done for constant air velocity altering only the angle of attack for every turbulence model tested. Calculations showed that the turbulence models used in commercial CFD codes do not give yet accurate results at high angles of attack and show that the Realizable k- model gave the most closness prediction of pressure distribution when compared with the experimental data [1].

This paper presents a study of static synchronous compensator (STATCOM). One of the Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) devices, it can significantly improve power systems stability. Consisting of voltage sourced converters connected to an energy storage device on one side and to the power system on the other, it specifically can provide reactive support to buses.
This work presents a simple algorithm for identifying weak buses to determine the best location for STATCOM. Singularity of the power flow Jacobian matrix as an indicator of steady-state stability has used, the sign of the determinant of the load flow Jacobian was used to determine the system stability, by computing eigenvalues, eigenvectors , minimum singular value of load-flow Jacobian Matrix and sensitivity analysis between power flow and bus voltage changes.
Load flow analysis of the Iraqi grid 400 KV network has been carried out using Newton- Rephson Method with and without STATCOM. The result of Load flow analysis show improvement in bus voltage with the use of STATCOM in the system.