JOURNAL OF ADMINISTRATION AND ECONOMICS

The aim of this research is to examine the application of alignment between The Strategic Planning and Human Resource Planning at the 291 Shareholding Companies in Jordan. Also, to examine the impact of that alignment on companies\' performance in terms of profitability and market value added. The sample of the study was the 58 companies which implement Strategic Planning and Human Resource Planning as the results of the pilot study indicated. Questionnaire was designed to collect the necessary data from (171) managers composed the unit of analysis of the study. The study showed some different results. Some of the findings showed that alignment between Strategic Planning & Human resource Planning were highly implemented at the researched Shareholding Companies, and there was significant effect of the Strategic Planning and Human Resource Planning alignment on companies\' performance.

The Technological Innovation is important subject for industrial company\\'s performance in the General Company for Electrical Industries (GCEI). The research is endeavoring to be new technological method and the changing of methods & productivity processes.
The research takes many of technological factors (such as product design, product improvement, Design and improvement of processes, the top management support and the strategy of the innovation in the company
The research intends to specify the relation of the technological innovation with the corporation success, The research is trying to achieve a number of aims , and it is depending on the data and information gathered from the company records, structural interviews are made by using checklists , personal observation , and reviewing documents to analyze and evaluate the research .
Checklist was used to gather data & information related to integration in research sample and statistical method was used to description the analysis.
The researcher reached to number of conclusions & recommendations were:-
1- The company under research, adopted central structuring as abase for workers behavior through its following the laws and procedures and measurements in managing the corporation.
2- The company weakness was in growth in automation and technical modernization rate.
3- The company suffers from shortage in resources allocated to get support and innovation thoughts.
4- The traditional techniques exceeding to adopt now in the management by using modern automation techniques which can get a large saving in time and efforts.

The theory of Constraints (TOC) is a managerial philoshy devloped by
Ellyahu M. Goldratt in a series of books and articles.TOC is a systems
approach based on the asumption that every organization has at least one
factor that inhibits the organization ability to meet its objectives.
The normal objective for a business is to maximization profit by assuring
that the factor that limits production is used most efficiently.
TOC is to identifying the constraining factor for manufacturing concerns,the
constraining factor is often but not always the time available on a certain
machine or process.. for companies that employ skilled workers and for
many service organizations the constraint is often the time of one or a few
key employees.
Once the constraining factor has been identfied the next step is to
determine the throughput per unit of the constraining factor.
The key t o maximizing profit is to concentrate on selling and producing
products that provide the highest throughput per unit of costraining factor.
Implementation of TOC is often difficult because it may require a complete
change in the way the company operates, according to the management
accounting system for example selling and producing the product in the
product line with lowest sales price per unit may maximize throughput.
Use of TOC as a management philosofy is a dynamic process .Once the
constraining factor has been identified.management should examine whether
the constraining factor can be increased.if this is possible some other factors
may be come the constraints and the analysis should be revised based upon
the newcircomstances.
The research contains many discusing about TOC and illustrate how
applying of TOC can lead to decistions that improve company profitability.

The concept of transformational leadership and its role in managing change is important to research and study, but the real challenge that facing administrative leaders how to put this concept into practice, since the studies have shown that the effective transformational leadership depends on the availability of essential elements.
In light of the problem, study the researcher will try to answer the following questions:
1- What is the nature of the relationship between the transformational leadership components and the basic factors of the scientific change?
2-Is there any impact of the transformational leadership components on the process of organizational change?
3- What are the limits of the contribution of the components of the transformational leadership in finding solutions to the crisis of the organization?
4- How do transformational leadership components contribute in achieving the solutions to the crisis of the organization?
This study aimed to achieve several objectives, including:
1-Examine the role of transformational leaderships in managing change and develop a conceptual framework includes basic vocabulary of the most important transformational leadership and crystallize their concepts, as well as the concept of change management.
2- Examine and analyze the nature of the relationship between transformational leadership and the management of change in the discussed organization.
3- Test the correlation transformational leadership and test the management of change in the discussed organization.
The tow researchers built a theoretical model after reviewing and analyzing the relevant topics in the context of the major hypothesis which has lead to a series relevant topics in the context of major hypothesis which has lead to a series of secondary hypotheses. It was also using a series of statistical methods in the analysis of data depending on the measure of quintet Locker scale in the questionnaire design and correlation coefficient for the relationship between the variables. The study's results have been obtained by using software (SPSS, V.10). The study presented a set of conclusions and recommendation that are consistent with the results of analysis, the most important conclusions were: It is obviously that the success of transformational leadership is linked with behavioral, cognitive and moral elements and specifications. This concept is the most appropriate concepts of change leaderships.
The study recommended that business organizations should rapidly response to the changes because the traditional method can not be the capable model to manage the change leadership.

The research deals with market studies and its impact on two faces of efficiency of production decisions performance:
First- Theoretically side : The research includes the importance of these studies in approaching industrial organization markets to the decisions making sites and their roles in joining the decisions of production and marketing together.
Second- Applied Analysis side: This side dealt with studying and analyzing the kinds of demand and display, the factors which affect them, the organization balance in its markets and forecasting sales. In order to determine the required production such as potential capacity, raw materials and manpower… etc. To measure the effect of forecasting sales as independent variable (x) in choosing the best production decisions. Through using the ready statistical program (SPSS), the study proved that there was a positive relation and spiritual effect between increase of predicted sales quantity and volume of using current capacities in the industrial company (research subject) also with the required manpower for the production quantity and quality

The Small industries play an important role in economic development. This research aimed at an economic appraisal of small industries in Iraq for the period 1990-2003. The results showed that there was unstable structure for the pattern of product value for small industries during the study period. This was due to different reasons among them the rise and decrease of inputs prices as a result of economic embargo on Iraq and hence the shortage in inputs as there was no imports . The results also showed that the value of inputs in large industries was more than in small industries with about 23.9% - 90.9% except the year 1998 it was about 19.2%.The value of inputs of small industries consisted about 6.8% of the total inputs value of industries as a whole during 2000 while it was 36.1% during 1990.

The system of scoring for Ipsen deals with transforming qualitative
data into quantitative , when the researcher studied the effect of various

∗ استاذ/ جامعة بغداد/ كلية الادارة والاقتصاد/ قسم الاحصاء
∗∗ مدرس/ كلية طب الكندي
∗∗∗ مدرس/ جامعة بغداد/ كلية الادارة والاقتصاد/ قسم الاحصاء
مقبول للنشر بتاريخ 2009/9/9
المستخلص
وضـع الباحـث Ipsen نظـام كفـوء لايجـاد الاوزان لتحويـل البيانـات النوعيـة للتجربـة الحياتيـة
التــي تتــضمن تــأثير جرعــات مختلفــة مــن مستحــضر واحــد ، أذ يقــوم هــذا النظــام بتحويــل البيانــات
النوعيـة الـى كميـة ، وبـذلك يـتمكن الباحـث مـن أسـتخدام طـرق التحليـل الكمـي مثـل تحليـل التبـاين
والانحـدار وأختبـار الفرضـيات عنـد تحليـل بيانـات التجـارب النوعيـة ، ولأجـل اكمـال البحـث فـي هـذا
الموضـوع سـنحاول اشـتقاق نظـام يتـضمن مجموعـة مـن الاوزان تطبـق عنـد بحـث تـأثير معالجـات
مختلفة وتصنف عندها الاسـتجابة فـي اصـناف مختلفـة ، اذ يعمـل هـذا النظـام علـى تـصغير مجمـوع
مربعات الخطأ التجريبي ، وفي هذه الصفة يتميز عن نظام الاوزان الافتراضي الذي أستخدمه الكثير
من الباحثين ، وسوف نوضح كيفية التوصل الى هذا النظام بعد ان نعرض كل الرموز الضرورية .
(196)
doses from one substance .This scoring system enables to use Regression
Analysis and ANOVA for testing hypothesis in bioassays .
In order to complete the search in this field, the system for scoring are
derived to test the effect of different treatment, with multiple type of
response for each treatment, this system is derived through Minimizing
total sum squares of experimental error .This system transform
qualitative data into quantitative and then use the method of statistical
analysis for quantitative methods, such as linear regression and analysis of
variance for testing hypothesis and estimation.
All discussion required and applications will be explained.

In this Re
search we applied linear discriminate function on 134 patients of Thelassemiea in general hospital of Kirkuk to construct a system of equations for classification process.
Our estimated system of equations is reasonable since it 76.1% classification rate.

I have chosen this subject as title for my research in order to study the distribution of recreation services in Baghdad city and the extent of their distribution efficiency and their homogeneity with the population and areas of the administrative unities for Baghdad city.
The research includes two chapters:-
The first chapter deals with conceptions of recreation and pleasure and the influent factors on them , the second chapter deals with the practical side.
Then, the important conclusions and recommendations are drawn out.

Background: The practices of TQM strategies in services organizations, which is the stage next to the implementation of the basics of TQM in business organizations, taking into account that previous studies focused on the extent of implementation of TQM in business organizations. The organizations of the service sector in Jordan have passed the stage of implementing TQM in order to achieve quality to the client, and currently they are in the stage of continuous improvement of quality standards. Therefore, this study is pursuing the assessment of TQM implementation in this sector and its effected on Job Performance.

Objective: The aim of this study was to identify (TQM) implementation, and its effect on job performance level at Jordanian banking sector.
Methodology: The target population of this study consisted of all employees in the Jordanian banking sector (13 banks), selected from its random sample (225) employees, a questionnaire was developed to measurement of variables study; TQM implementation variable (reliability coefficient 0.86), job performance variable (reliability coefficient 0.84).

Results: The TQM implementations in Jordanian banking sector is average (M=2.85), The level of job performance in Jordanian banking sector is average (M=3.30). There is the effect of TQM implementations in Jordanian banking sector on job performance (f =68.442, p= 0.000). There is existence of significant differences in the implementations of TQM are traced to demographics variables (age p=0.00, qualification p=0.037, experience p=0.00, job level p=0.00).

Conclusion: This results indicate the influence of TQM implementation on job performance, based on this results the study recommended activating employees' participation in decision-making at Jordanian banking sector, and working towards talking all required steps by the company to minimize the lost current from the company and continuously.