Journals geographic

The ageicultural climate of the most important science that took interested in studying the relationship between climate and agriculture the growth of agricultural crops cost science as well as the study of weather phenomena that have implications clear Namwamahasil agricultural and in all stages ,starting from the stage of sowing until maturity stage study was based approach descriptive scientifically based on the analysis to show the impact of extreme weather phenomena and thermal kaltparty dust ( dust storms and dust rising and dust stuck) and the impact of each of them in the cultivation and production of acgricultural.

The Development going on currently in the world related to military development and the desire to expand over the sovereignty of the countries to satisfy their greed for power, has become of the issues that occupy the concern of the officials and the public as it constitutes a threat to their security. Therefore, this study was conducted to research the role of maps in determining the naval borders. No agreement is approved unless it is proved by the map where many disputers resort to the map to resolve the disputes over the naval borders. The maps had a great role in deciding the naval borders of Iraq with the neighboring countries, Iran and Kuwait. The importance of the Iraqi naval borders has been discussed on all levels, the internal and international ones and the issues that faced and still facing the process of deciding the borders of the studied area. Iraq has a special situation among the Gulf countries as it is affected geographically adding to that, the gulf for Iraq is the only water outlet relating it to the rest of the world in spite of its narrow shores in the gulf. In order to enable Iraq of making benefit of the existing wealth in the Arab Gulf, it was necessary to decide Iraq's naval specialty in the regional waters and in the economic area, as well, a comprehensive limit should be decided about its naval borders through diplomatic and peaceful methods by the aid of the international courts away from military intervention which caused the area a lot of problems that still affect their peoples.
This study also showed a great interest in previewing evidences supporting the problems related to deciding the borders depending on maps which, the maps, had a great role in finding settlements for many of the disputes over the borders.

Agricultural development considered as the main aims which countries want to achieve such as Iraq ,because it provides foot for population that grow more .Developing agricultural side and fertile agricultural plants becomes necessary because it is the main food for human ,It alos provides the needs of animals fortune.
It also provides the needs of industry .The study field (Al shamia and other areas belongs to it) is one of Al –sahal al Rissoubi areas that has agricultural features which comes from providing geographical factors represented in soil fertility ,plain , water ,and many farmers ,These factors made this area a good agricultural field .on the contrary of this ,there eare geographical features that limit developing agriculture .However ,these limits don't stop agricultural fertile these limits over through solutions,Place analysis refers to big agricultural abilities, through growing strategically plants and growing big animal fortune ,these abilities give clear vision for developing agricultural in the area through using large areas and planting strategically plants.

The temperatures and one of the most important climatic elements with a direct impact on the distribution of industrial crops where this led to the emergence of variation where I am in the suitability of each area for the cultivation of a particular crop, where each agricultural crop limits climate grows, including If the climatic requirements of the crop available well, the cultivation to be successful, as the cost of production to be economical, but if the weather conditions have been inappropriate, the success of crops to be expensive because of the need to find a large industrial conditions, able to control the circumstances Almnachah.otad temperatures in the study area suitable for the cultivation of industrial crops all with the difference in the degree appropriate for some crops. The study showed that the study area with temperatures suitable for the cultivation of industrial crops. Where was suitable for growing crops studied with the existence of differences in the degree appropriate for each crop.

Abstract :
The research study analysis Almorvomitri to the characteristics of the network of river basin and Wadi Abu Hudayr a dry valleys in the visible Salman southern Iraq, and is a territory distinct, as it is one of the largest valleys flowing into the low Alsalibat, and a pelvic traits and characteristics make it different and distinct from the rest of the basin other flowing into the low. Valhod being in different regions of Geology and Tdharysaa, and then it is characterized by many of the morphometric characteristics both in its sector being the top of the valley in the range of areas of severe Altdhars, or in his sector, which is the lowest valley in the range of a few plain areas Altdhars. The total ranks in the river basin (eight) Mattresses, has varied in numbers of rank to another, as the total lengths of sewer drainage networks in the pelvis (6859.74) km, which included large ponds space on most lengths.

The present study focuses on hydrological changes of the lower Euphrates , which is considered as an important water supply for different economic demands . The results indicate a great changes , due to the effect of the upper irrigation projects , storages , climate changes , drainage and sewage . As a result , the river discharge at Husaiba of Iraq decreased form 28 billion cubic meters ( bcm ) during ( 1950 – 1970 ) to 12 bcm at ( 2000 – 2013 ) . It falls to 2.8 bcm ( 2000 – 2013 ) at Nasriya compared with 14.4 at ( 1950 – 1978 ) . Also , water quality has been affected at Nasriya ( 2008 0 2013 ) as the average EC , Ca , Mg , Na , Cl , So4 , Hco3 , and TDS are raised to 3.4 dececemins / m , 210 , 187 , 217 , 534 , 702 , 176 and 2018 mg/ L respectively .
1. Most of these values are considered unsuitable for irrigation , drinking and environment . Therefore , the river is damed after Chibaiyish and diverted to Hamer marsh in 2010 .
2. The decreasing discharge reduce Hamar marsh area to 76% . Also , soil is affected by salinity to 70 – 75 % . The above factores reduce agriculture production form cereals to 0.6 Ton / h . Moreover , palm trees number along the Euphrates and shatt al Arab fall form 8.5 millions in 1958 to 1.6 million at 2012 with low production of 13 kg / palm .
3. Thus , Several measures should be considered in order to promote water quantity and quality , such as , water allocation agreement , controlling of drainage water , sewage , appling effective irrigation methods , adopting salty resisting crops , utilizing of desert groundwater , intensive water monitoring networks , support of water research , training and cooperation with international organizations .

the landscapes formation in the study area is influences natural factors that affects, geomorphic process is power that is change and stile changing the landscapes consists of all changes physical and chemical , it is play the influence of fundamental change mutinies , the study area found many of the landscapes formation from Physical Weathering (Changes in temperature, crystal salt), Biology Chemical weathering

Constitute formations Alarsabih Tersbah varying forms as a result of change recipe runoff when mountain slopes leading to the plains, and these forms sedimentary flood of fans that are wide when composed of brittle rocks soft unlike fans flood consisting of rock-solid resistance to water erosion. Fans flood undergoing fundamental changes determined by the local environmental conditions in each of the basins and desert floods. The fans are located within the flood study area on the eastern side of the provinces of Diyala, Wasit, Maysan, as well as western sections of Najaf and Karbala, as well as the province of Basra (Wadi Al Batin), and there were many reasons that led to these disparate fans in their properties and forms be.

Manpower is an important factor in the study of development prospects for all communities through interaction and mutual interference between population and economic development as it can through the identification of Manpower properties knowledge of the type of economic activity and the size of the proposed its workforce in the future, the industrial sector is a pioneer in industrial development as a source of movement and change, as determined by the industrial growth rate to return profits to be realized in that sector investment, revealing Find a close association between variables (demographic fertility, family income, marital status, and education), which interpreted the rate of (94.9%) of the phenomenon studied, and that the Manpower did not invest the available potential in the industrial reality in the province of Muthanna development.

Constitute formations Alarsabih Tersbah varying forms as a result of change recipe runoff when mountain slopes leading to the plains, and these forms sedimentary flood of fans that are wide when composed of brittle rocks soft unlike fans flood consisting of rock-solid resistance to water erosion. Fans flood undergoing fundamental changes determined by the local environmental conditions in each of the basins and desert floods. The fans are located within the flood study area on the eastern side of the provinces of Diyala, Wasit, Maysan, as well as western sections of Najaf and Karbala, as well as the province of Basra (Wadi Al Batin), and there were many reasons that led to these disparate fans in their properties and forms be.

The research aims to analyze and evaluate the geomorphological, Hydrological, climatic factors, Paedology and what geomorphological Processes responsible for the origin of and development of Lake Sawa And how it expands and the possibility of extension in the long run in Order to identify the possibility of identifying the appropriate planning For the purposes of the development of projects and the creation of a Tourist sustainable development.
Geographically the lake located on southwest of the city of Samawah, a Range between (25-30) km, astronomer limited study area between Latitudes (31.7 to 31.20) in the north and longitude (44.59 to 45.11) in The east, morphology the lake take irregular oval shape which is closer to The pear fruit, rising from the sea level by about (18-20 m) and the Level of land adjacent to about 6 meters.
In this study, we identify the lake age and Refutation of many of studies That Have been attributed to the lake and hit the mind of imagination and Perception of the absurd and non-scientific.
The study followed the way of scientific research geomorphological Adopted in the field work and the survey for two consecutive years taking Was the clips longitudinal of the highest points in the north-west coast And lower colon in the south coast, east Add to the cross-sections Installed iron Signs and follow-up monitoring of all (5) months on The Sides of the lake in addition to taking water and soil and plant Samples, The study concluded that the lake has been emergence Of the origin of Fusion three lakes every one of Them built a barrier of its own, and these Lakes expanded operations Geomorphological make later one lake it is Sawa lake and this Is what is indicated the three depths that have been Recorded and Identified on the map.
Sawa lack take waters through the cracks, fractures And faults sloping Towards it from the aquifer to the scope of the connection - Salman, Which extends to an area of 20,000 km2 in addition to Dammam basin Extending in Saudi territory and these basins have a good standard Water Flow High underscoring indicates permanence.

Studying water basins has a great significance of the geomorphologists because of the natural characteristics they present and which have the greatest impact in the formation of these basins.the single river basin constitutes a special unit upon specified.Hence this study has come to shed light on one of the important basins in Najaf and Qadisiyyah provvinces in the middle of Iraq .studing the morphometric characteristics is of significance in geomorphological and hydrological studies because it manifests the relationships between the factors and process of rubbing off and earth phenomena related to and emerging from them.
Despite the complexity and the variance of landscapes and the processes leading to their formations,it has become possible to deal with and analys them through a series of rules.So,the study has dealt with a set of characteristics that can be measured through a set of mathematical patterns and operations to specify the hydro morphometric charactestics as represented in the special,elevational and forma characteristics alongside the water network of the basin.

The research aims to analyze The trends, causes, characteristics and consequences of child labor in the city of Nasiriyah, the administrative center of the province of Dhi Qar in southern Iraq. We have chosen (130) working children, of Urban areas of the city of Nasiriyah which together constitute the research sample The research. has focused on the size of the child's and its trends labor,and its trands , In addition,research diagnoses the motives and characteristics of child labor (self and environmental) and their effects and prospects for future access to reach the conculusions and recommendations. The findings can be summarized as follows:
Clear contrast to the size of child labor on three urban framework for the city of Nasiriyah depending on the force of attraction which is distinguished by all the different characteristics and region as interact population and housing factors among themselves to formulate the most important factors affecting the child labor through the close links between them. Child workers are exposed to health social and economic affects, in which, initsturn affected the educational and physical levels. It seems that there is a progressive increase of child labor be especially in males, increasing upward from the age group (7-9 years) to the 10-12 category, category (13) years and above at a rate of (4.6, 16.2, 70.8%), respectively, of the total sample, which is higher than the proportion of female categories that are found in the first category but rises in the second category (4.6%) and drops back in the top category of 13 years and older to reach (3.8%) of the total sample. the percentage of child who lost their and athers workin (11.5%) of the total sample, the Dercent age of (6.9%). This index is contrary with to the principle that the loss of a breadwinner is not the main reason for the prevalence of child labor, as some researchers proved in their studies , but there are other reasons that will be tacked in this study when anlazing this phenomenon.
There are three reasons related to the differences in the distribution of urban residential patterns, we find that it decreases in with a good urban residents and in who have, this constitutes so, child labor is an imitation those of the of the father, job the proportion of working children who lives in some areas randomly, It is from the same population density and levels of low-income slums, which contribute to the mobility of children towards labor markets residential neighborhoods in this accredited domain when the city based on its rating, so this phenomenon was born several socio-economic and health effects.