Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Pure Science

The Complete shadow generation by partially m-convex ellipsoidal sets in Euclidean spaces. Being different from standard “contractions” involving globular bodies or globally-convex subsets, our approach utilizes anisotropic ellipsoids of convex in some directions. Such local structure enables complete blocking in the directions with fewer number of ways.
The theoretical argument is developed through an analysis of associated quadratic forms, leading to a constructive proof of the main result. In addition, a numerical configuration is presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed geometry. The obtained results extend earlier studies on weak m-convex and introduce a more adaptable geometric mechanism for shadow generation in higher-dimensional settings.

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Insights into Therapeutic Strategies Targeting Oxidative Stress–Induced Renal Injury

Asmaa M. Neamah, Sura M. Alkadhimy

English

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Abstract

The study focuses on mechanistic assessment of therapeutic interventions aimed at the oxidative stress-mediated organ damage in experimental rat models. One of the most essential pathological mechanisms is the oxidative stress which has the center stage in the formation of organ toxicity brought about by synthetic pharmacological agents and in metabolic imbalances. Effective protective interventions, especially natural antioxidants and conventional pharmacological interventions, have been receiving more and more attention. This is a hybrid analytical investigation, which combines both experimental results pertaining to curcumin root extract as a natural antioxidant, and pharmacological interventions pertaining to the metabolic dysfunction with biochemical, inflammatory and oxidative and histopathological outcomes. The results show that there are common preventive regulating actions, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) control, replenishment of antioxidant defenses, and inhibition of inflammatory mediators. Although there are pharmacological agents that demonstrate specific targeted therapeutic effects, natural compounds like curcumin have a wider cytoprotective effect in their multi-pathway activity. Combination between natural antioxidants and pharmacological measures of integrative therapeutic approaches can offer greater protection against renal and systemic damage related to oxidative stress. This framework serves prospective translational and clinical studies that can be conducted to optimize the therapy interventions in the case of drug-induced and metabolic organ toxicity.

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INTERACTION OF CLADOPHORA GLOMERATA MACROALGAE AND MICROPLASTIC IN BAHR AL-NAJAF, NAJAF, IRAQ

Suhad A. Abed

English

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Prevalence of resistance gene from diarrheal patients caused by EnteroToxigenic Esherichia coli in Iraq

Sahib S. Sumiea, Mohammed A. AL-Askeri

Pages: 200-241 English

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Abstract

Background :EnterotoxigenicEscherichia coli (ETEC) isolates are genetically diverse pathological variants of ETEC defined by the production of heat-labile (LT) and/or heat-stable (ST) toxins, ETEC strains are estimated to cause hundreds of millions of cases of diarrheal illness annually, however, it is not clear that all strains are equally equipped to cause disease, and asymptomatic colonization with ETEC is common in low- to middle-income regions lacking basic sanitation and clean water where ETEC are ubiquitous.
Materials and Methods: This study was carried out at University of Al-Qadsiyah, College of Biotechnology. Eighty samples were collected from child diarrheal Patients (under 6 years old) that has been diagnosed by using Vitek and PCR technique. It included stool samples from Iraqi patients with diarrhea.
Result:In bacterial isolate distribution according to sample collection it was showed that60 of specimens (75%) were Gram negative fermenting bacteria detected as E.coli, while 20 of specimens (25%) were another enteric bacteria .Antimicrobial susceptibility test of E.coli isolates showed thatE.coli isolates were more sensitive to Amoxicillin (AMC), Piperacillin-Tazobactum (TZP), Entapenem (ERT), Imipenem (IPM) and Meropenem (MRP). While the isolates were resist to Ampicillin (AMP), Piperacillin (PR), Ciprofloxacillin (CIP), Norfloxacillin (NOR), Trimethoprem –Sulfamethoxazole (TM-SMX) and Cefotaxime (CTX).The determination of LTI, STa and STb genes gene in E.coli isolates using mPCR technique showed that 50% isolates were positive for both LTI and STb genes, while no Escherichia coli isolates showed positivity for STa gene.
Conclusion:Our outcomes showed a moderate rate of LTI and STbgenes virulence factor in EnteroToxigenicEsherichiacoli which may play a significant role in antibiotic resistance.

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Association of Interleukin-6 Gene Polymorphisms (rs1800796 and rs2069840) with Breast Cancer Susceptibility in an Iraqi Female Population

Nabaa Qahtan Abdulhamza Al-Hilali, Mohammed A. AL-Askeri

Pages: 226-241 English

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Abstract

Background: Breast cancer is a significant and growing health concern among women in Iraq. Although the role of inflammation in carcinogenesis has been established, the influence of specific genetic factors, such as polymorphisms in the pro-inflammatory cytokine Interleukin-6 (IL-6), remains under-investigated in this population.
Objective: This study aimed to invesstigate the association between two IL-6 gene polymorphisms, rs1800796 and rs2069840, and the risk of developing breast cancer in a cohort of Iraqi women.
Material and Methods: A case-control study was conducted with 50 female patientsdignosed with breast cancer and 50 healthy female controls. Genotyping for the rs1800796 and rs2069840 polymorphisms was performed using Tetra-ARMS PCR technique. Statistical analysis was carried out using chi-squared tests to assess the association between genotypes, alleles, and breast cancer risk.
Results: The rs1800796 polymorphism has been strongly associated with breast cancer risk, with the GC genotype (odds ratio = 2.55), the CC genotype (odds ratio = 3.52), and the C allele (odds ratio = 1.82) all being associated with an increased risk of breast cancer. Similarly, for the rs2069840 polymorphism, the GC genotype (odds ratio = 2.70), the CC genotype (odds ratio = 3.52), and the C allele (odds ratio = 2.26) were strongly associated with an increased risk of breast cancer.
Conclusion: the finding suggestThat IL-6 gene polymorphisms rs1800796 and rs2069840 were significant risk factors associated with breast cancer susceptibility in the studied Iraqi female population. These findings underscore the role of genetic inflammatory markers in breast cancer etiology and suggest population-specific genetic risk profiles.

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Molecular Identification of Staphylococcus aureus as causative agent of acute otitis media in Iraqi patients

Noor H. Wajid, Mohammed A. AL-Askeri

English

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Abstract

Background :S. aureus is capable of acquiring resistance to antibiotics through several processes. Acute otitis media (AOM) is a common pediatric bacterial infection affecting approximately 80% of children prior to the age of 3 years Acute otitis media. AOM is the primary reason for the prescription of antibiotics in children Understanding the epidemiology and the etiology of AOM is important for the clinical selection of empiric treatment.
Materials and Methods: This study was carried out at University of Al-Qadsiyah, Iraq. One hundred samples were collected from children Patients (3 years old) that has been diagnosed by using Vitek and PCR technique. The study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of Staph. aureus bacteria in AOM child patients, multiplex PCR was done to test the prevalence of resistance genes then sensitivity test was done.
Result:After collecting 100 samples 60 (65%) were S. aureus, while 25 (25%) were as E.coli and 10 (10%) Streptococcus bacteria.Antibiotic sensitivity testwas done using 19 antibiotics, S. aureus bacteria were sensitive to Amikacin, Ciprofloxacillin, Clindamycin, Gentamycin, Levofloxacin, Meropenem, Linezolid, Vancomycin, Rifampicin, Tetracycline and Tobramycin. WhileS. aureus bacteria were resist to Flomoxef, Nitrofurantoin, Olfofloxacin,Benzylpenicillin, Oxacillin, Trimethoprem, Trimethoprem –Sulfamethoxazole and Mezlocillin.twenty isolates of S. aureus were examined for the presence of mecA , ermA, ermB, and ermC gene, which coding for bacterial resistance. The positive mecA , ermA, ermB, and ermC were showed in percentage of 100%, 35%, 20% and 15% respectively.
Conclusion:Our outcomes showed high prevalence of mecA gene in S. aureus which may play a significant role in antibiotic resistance.

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Effect of Parity on Biochemical and Hormonal Parameters and Milk Yield in Holstein Friesian Cows

Marwa Hussein Razaq Al-Mousawi, Walid Yousef Qassim, Mohammed Abdul-Wahab Ati

English

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Abstract

Abstract:
The experiment was conducted at Taj Al-Nahrain Research Station, north of Diwaniyah Governorate, by using 35 Holstein cows for the period between 1/3/2022 and 15/8/2022, to demonstrate the effect of the milking parity on some biochemical characteristics of Holstein Friesian cows, these cows were divided into three parity as follows: the first parity (11 cows), the second parity (15 cows), and the third parity (9 cows) based on the station’s records. The cows were placed in semi-shaded pens with a length of 140 m and a width of 60 m for each pen, these pens were provided with freely filled water basins, after that, the physiological traits were analyzed in the Physiology Laboratory of the College of Agriculture, University of Basrah. The results indicated a significant increase in glucagon concentration for the first parity compared to the second and third parity, there were no significant differences in glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, albumin, total protein, milk yield, leptin, oxytocin and prolactin

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Molecular And Phylogenetic Investigation Of SARS-COv-2 In South Iraq

Mohammed Abdulwahab Ati Al-Askeri, Q. Maktoof

English

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Abstract

Abstract
The aims of the this study were to explore as well as follow down the SARS-CoV-2 patients in Iraq using modern molecular and phylogenetic.
We have studied thirty five definite cases of COVID-19 patients for the phylogenetic evaluation of the SARSCoV-2 in Iraq. The main genes of spike (s) and “RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) genes” were got amplified via one-step RT-PCR then sequenced based on Sanger sequencing method. Bioedit and Mega bioinformatics software were applied for both sequences alignments and phylogenetic relationship building up frame .
The results showed that the main age of the patients enrolled in the present study was 42.45 12.13 SD years and 64.5 percent were male.
The results indicated a possible similarity flanked by Iraqi and Chinese incoming strains.
Polymorphic regions in the investigated regions of the two genes by neighbor-joining as well as maximum likelihood method of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and S genes revealed possibility of differences among Iraqi isolates and Wuhan isolate.
Conclusion: We discovered that the Iraqi SARS-CoV-2 isolates are closely linked to the Chinese and standard genomes through a groundbreaking phylogenetic investigation of these isolates. Additionally, there were several variations between the isolates from Wuhan and those from Iraq.

Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Pure Science

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