Journal of The College of Education

The current search aims at identifying:
1- The productive orientation of preparatory school teachers.
2- The moral motivation of preparatory school teachers.
3- The relationship between the productive orientation and the moral motivation of preparatory school teachers.
4- The significance of the differences in the relationship between the productive orientation and the moral motivation according to gender (male / female) and according to the specialization (scientific / humanitarian) among preparatory school teachers.
The current research is limited to preparatory school teachers in Wasit governorate schools, of both genders, and from scientific and humanitarian specializations in the academic year 2019-2020..
The researcher has ascertained the psychometric properties such as the validity, reliability of the three scales in two methods: firstly: by using half split, so the reliability of the orientation scale is (79) and the reliability of the scale of moral motivation is (82) reliability of the Secondly, by using AlphaCronbach formula, the reliability of the productive orientation scale is (88) and the reliability of moral motivation is (90) .The scales are administered on a sample of 400 male and female teachers, 238 males and 162 females, randomly electronically, from both genders and from the scientific and humanitarian specializations. The results are as follows.
1- Preparatory school teachers enjoy a productive orientation.
2- Preparatory school teachers are morally motivated.
3- The relationship between the productive orientation and motivation is a positive and moderate relationship, meaning that the greater the productive orientation is, the greater the moral motivation is, and the less the productive orientation is, the lower the moral motivation is.is.
4- Through the research, it is found that females are superior to males in general and that there are no differences in favor of specialization in the correlational relationship between productive orientation and moral motivation.
In the light ofthese results, the researcher has developed a set of recommendations and.

Reciprocal thinking and its relation to the courage to exist among university students.
The current research aims to identify:
1- The degree of reciprocal thinking among university students.
2- the degree of statistical differences in the thinking of exchange among university students according to the variables of sex (male - female) and specialization (scientific - human).
3- the degree of courage for the presence of university students.
4- The statistically significant differences in the courage to exist for university students according to the gender variable (male - female) and specialization (scientific - human).
5- The correlation between mutual thinking and courage for existence
To achieve these goals, the researcher built two measures of the first of the reciprocal thinking and the second of the courage to exist, and the honesty and consistency of each of them were extracted, as well as the force of excellence. The two measures were applied to a sample of 400 students who were selected in a simple random manner with proportional distribution and after processing the data statistically And the correlation coefficient and the coefficient T for correlation, correlation coefficient, Pearson correlation coefficient, and regression coefficient, the researcher reached the following results:
1- The university students suffer from weakness in mutual thinking.
2- There are statistically significant differences in the reciprocal thinking among university students according to the gender variable (males and females) and males. There are statistically significant differences according to the variable of specialization (scientific - human) and in favor of human specialization.
3- University students have the courage to exist.
4- There are statistically significant differences in the courage to exist for university students according to the gender variable (male - female) and in favor of females, and there are statistically significant differences in the variable of specialization (scientific - human).
5- There is a weak and non-functional relationship between mutual thinking and courage for existence.

The current research aims to:
1- Building a scale of mindfulness among university students 0
2- Identifying the level of mental alertness among university students.
3- Significance of differences in mindfulness among university students at the level of significance (0.05) according to the variables of gender (male - female), specialization (scientific - human).
The search results concluded that:
1. University students have a level of mental alertness.
2. There are no statistically significant differences in mental alertness according to the gender variable.
3. There are no statistically significant differences in mental alertness according to the variable of specialization.
4. There are no statistically significant differences according to the interaction between gender and specialization.
The result was in agreement with the theoretical framework (the theory of mindfulness) adopted by the researcher in building the research tool and the degree of possession of the sample according to the variables of gender, specialization and interaction between them.
In light of the research results, the researcher recommends a set of recommendations and suggestions

This research came with the aim of studying the emotional state of the mother during pregnancy and after childbirth and the effects that accompany the mother using causal mediation analysis in addition to the study data. Mediation is the basis for many fields, the use of mediation analysis nowadays is becoming increasingly popular in many areas of scientific research as well as in other fields such as economic, social and psychological sciences as well as medical sciences. The causal mediation analysis is one of the important ways to know the mechanism of influence between variables, which has played a major role among researchers in recent times. In order to arrive at a model that leads to accurate estimates, it is necessary to find or research the way in which important variables are chosen to be included in the model, especially when the study data suffer from the problem of linearity. Therefore, several methods were used to estimate the mediation variables, which are the least squares method and the Lasso method. To apply the estimation methods, a simple random sample of (50) women was drawn to study the factors affecting the number of births (response variable).