magazine aldhakwat albedh

This research aims to develop a proposed educational program grounded in the Ten Commandments/Al-Furqan to foster ethical behavior among high school students. The researcher’s goal is to enhance ethical conduct among high school students. The program comprises twenty-one sessions, each focused on an educational topic derived from verses 151–153 of Surah Al-An’am, which contain the Ten Commandments. The researcher presented the program and sessions to a panel of experts in education, psychology, and Qur’anic studies to assess the validity of the program’s lessons, which include examples and Qur’anic and social stories, and to establish the sessions’ face validity.
The researcher also developed an ethical behavior scale consisting of 63 items, evenly distributed across nine domains, with the third and fifth domains combined due to their thematic overlap. This program may serve as an educational foundation to support the growth of ethical behavior and social reinforcement. The scale created for this purpose aids specialists in evaluating the level of ethical behavior among high school students. The researcher linked each session›s educational title with the content and purpose of the corresponding verse, illustrating that adherence to these commandments fosters morally sound behavior in accordance with religious standards and aligns with social and cultural values. The program emphasizes God’s commandments as a direct moral code that promotes social virtues across the human personality from an educational perspective.
The program includes several justifications, emphasizing social piety, family cohesion, respect for human existence, social fortification, respect for financial and human rights values, educational and social integrity, honesty and commitment to principles, dedication and trustworthiness in work, steadfastness in ethical principles, and social piety in education.

Discussing the interpretation of Furat al-Kufi, who died in the year 307 AH, is a subject of considerable concern, given the neglect of this interpretation on the one hand, and the interpretations it carries of some Qur’anic verses related to the Ahl al-Bayt, peace be upon them, on the other. Therefore, in this research, I have attempted to shed light on these interpretive narratives that interpret Qur’anic verses without considering their linguistic or situational coherence; as if they were issuing rulings on meaning in a hierarchical order established in the mind of the writer.
Only; but at the same time it is attributed to the people of the house, peace be upon them, and this is in accordance with the theme of the conference; and these various interpretations that assign the meaning of an entire verse to the Messenger of God, peace be upon him, or to the people of the house, peace be upon them, must be subjected to the event or context in its various types so that we can then come out with the result of accepting or not this large amount of narrations in this book; therefore our research will be based on preferring the context in accepting or rejecting the narrations.I have selected the narrations contained in Surat An-Nahl as an example for this research, given their diverse meanings, on the one hand, and their narrations can be fully covered in this research, on the other. I have divided the research into two sections: the first is devoted to the singular meaning, while the second is devoted to the general meaning. In both sections, I address the possibility of accepting the singular meaning of a single word or phrase in relation to an entire verse in light of the narrations mentioned in the tafsir, and explain whether to accept or reject them under the context.

It is a human nature to seek eternity. This may be the reason of Adam›s ejection from Heaven. Love of eternity is still dominating humans. Qur’anic studies have played a major role in elaborating the concept of life and after death. The Holy Qur’an’s addressing of these concepts expresses their importance and their connection to the reality of man in this world and the afterlife.
The concept of eternity had a distinguished place in the Holy Qur’an. Therefore, God Almighty designated this concept with numerous verses, reaching eighty-seven places in the Holy Qur’an. Forty-one times of these verses refer to eternity in heaven; all of them are in plural form. Thirty-seven times of these verses refer to eternity in Hell, as they come in plural, dual, and singular form.

In the name of God, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. Praise be to God, Lord of the Worlds, and prayers and peace be upon the Prophet of Mercy, Abu al-Qasim Muhammad, and his pure and immaculate family. Allah the Almighty sent His beloved Prophet Muhammad (may Allah›s prayers and peace be upon him and his family) as guidance and mercy to the worlds and the perfecter of noble morals on the earth of Allah the Almighty in the East and West. The people of the house inherited the Prophet Muhammad (may Allah›s prayers and peace be upon him and his family) that mercy and divine knowledge and divine mercy on all religious and scientific levels and other matters that organize life on earth and achieve complete justice for the sons of Adam (peace be upon him). Among the twelve Imams of the people of the house (peace be upon them) who inherited those cognitive and religious sciences is Imam Abu al-Hassan the Third Ali bin Musa al-Rida (peace be upon them). He was in the era of the Abbasid state and was a contemporary of al-Ma›mun al-Abbassi specifically. The Imam (peace be upon him) did not skimp on his religious and cognitive knowledge for all people without distinguishing between them in general through their races, lineages, and others. He was not satisfied with that, but his blessings included everyone. On this basis, our research was the golden message of Imam Ali bin Musa al-Rida (peace be upon them), a study of its analysis. This message had great importance on Everyone from the ruling authority and society, which made Al-Ma›mun Al-Abbassi order that this letter be written in gold. This letter contained everything a person needs if he is exposed to an illness, in addition to everything a person needs without being exposed to anything that would disturb his health. The first topic was the biography of Imam Al-Ridha (peace be upon him), his lineage, the crown prince, and sanctity (infallibility), as well as his will before his martyrdom, the sayings of Imam Al-Ridha (peace be upon him), and the opinions of historians about the Imam (peace be upon him). As for the second topic, it was the golden scientific medical letter that the Imam (peace be upon him) wrote to Al-Ma›mun Al-Abbassi, in which the Imam›s (peace be upon him) knowledge and general knowledge of all languages and knowledge of the reasons for writing that letter and what it contains of scientific medical material and a detailed and comprehensive explanation of the healthy life of a person.

The research aims to study the relationship between diverse education, scientific literacy, critical thinking, and mathematical literacy among university students, particularly in the Mathematics Department at MAYSAN University. A descriptive methodology was adopted to collect and analyze data from a sample consisting of 257 students. Three main tools were used: a measure of diverse education and scientific literacy (25 questions), a critical thinking measure (25 questions), and a mathematical literacy measure (15 questions). The research aims to enhance understanding of how diverse education influences the development of scientific literacy, critical and creative thinking, while also exploring levels of mathematical literacy, thereby aiding in the improvement of educational strategies in this field.The analysis results indicate a significant variation in levels of diverse education and scientific literacy among students, with mean scores ranging from 1.5 to 3.6. This shows that some questions were easier and better understood, while others required higher skills, reflecting existing educational gaps that need to be addressed. Furthermore, the level of critical thinking shows considerable variation among students, with some excelling in critical and creative thinking skills while others face difficulties. Regarding mathematical literacy, the findings suggest the presence of questions with varying difficulty levels, reflecting differences in students› understanding of mathematical content. The results also revealed a moderate positive relationship between diverse education and scientific literacy, confirming the importance of developing innovative educational strategies to enhance students› understanding of mathematical concepts. Overall, the results suggest that improving diverse educational strategies can effectively contribute to enhancing students› competencies across different educational areas.

The proof of the two friends is considered one of the most important proofs of the existence of God. It is distinguished by its great importance among other proofs, due to its strong structure. This structure is characterized by cognitive and logical strength. Therefore, its fame and formulations have spread among philosophers and theologians. They have been refined and developed, each of them attempting to arrive at a more intuitive formulation than the previous one, relying on their own philosophical foundations.
What we attempt to explore in this research paper is to present models that have contributed significantly and influentially to the development of the proof of the two friends. We achieve this by presenting the nature of the proof of the two friends and then presenting the most important premises upon which the proof was formulated

Research on the concept of cruelty and mercy in the Qur›an reveals that cruelty is the result of distancing oneself from Allah, as neglecting His remembrance and accumulating sins lead to a hardened heart and rejection of guidance. Among the main causes of cruelty are arrogance and insistence on error, which make a person arrogant and heedless of the truth.
The Qur›an warns against cruelty, as it arises from the accumulation of sins and the neglect of repentance, causing the heart to become hardened and unaffected by guidance. To overcome cruelty, one must return to Allah with sincere repentance, which opens the doors of mercy, along with frequent remembrance of Him and contemplation of the meanings of the Qur›an. This helps in purifying the heart and removing cruelty. Furthermore, dealing with others with kindness and gentleness enhances mercy in the soul. Through these means, cruelty becomes an opportunity for spiritual renewal and reconciliation with oneself and others, bringing inner peace and tranquility. Mercy is the key to happiness and relief in life, and it is a broad and comprehensive concept that embodies all the meanings of goodness and humanity .
A merciful person’s impact extends beyond themselves to those around them, enabling them to live in happiness and mental peace. When a person shows mercy to others, Allah makes others merciful to them, allowing them to enjoy happiness in this world and gain great reward in the hereafter. Mercy also provides individuals with a sense of satisfaction and tranquility, helping them to overcome their problems and crises with an optimistic and positive spirit. The effect of mercy is not limited to individuals but extends to the entire society, fostering love, peace, and understanding among its members, creating a safe and peaceful environment for everyone. This is the essence of true relief at both the personal and societal levels.

The Arabic language is one of the richest languages in terms of vocabulary, structures, and connotations. It is also distinguished by its flexibility and ability to express many meanings in different ways. It is also distinguished by the diversity of topics that fall under its umbrella. Perhaps the most beautiful of these topics is the broken plural, which reflects a semantic diversity that depends largely on the context in which it appears.
They are many and varied between few and many, and because the Holy Quran is considered the most eloquent and precise Arabic text, the plurals of broken words appear in it in abundance, as they express different meanings according to the context in which they appear. Hence, the importance of our study emerges, which is concerned with the effect of the context in determining the meaning of the plurals of broken words, as the context has a prominent role in understanding the intended meaning of the word.

Defending the private sphere and its sanctity in society often leads to the opposite of what it aims for, thus justifying that opposite so that freedom pays, accordingly, the price of misjudging its social relations among those who only understand it as an individual phenomenon or, to be precise, related to individuals. Defending the private sphere begins from the point of drawing a higher goal, which is defending the sanctity of individuals, their private lives, and their freedoms that are recognized for them by laws, but at the threshold of its strong adherence to that private sphere, it ends up justifying individualism in terms of it being a schism from society and the state.
The main research problem is determined by the nature of the impact of individualism on the social fabric and European and Arab societies, and has it succeeded in achieving absolute freedom for individuals?
The research reached several results, the most important of which are:
1- Individualism did not achieve absolute freedom for individuals as its philosophers claimed. In the end, the individual lives in a society that imposes laws and regulations on him that he adheres to.
2- Individualistic societies do not have common goals because they are subject to the interpretations and whims of individuals.
3- The individual justification does not balance between the individual and society in rights and duties. One party always dominates the other, or eliminates the other.

This research examines the levels of faith and the means to increase it according to the Holy Quran and the Prophetic Sunnah. Faith is defined as the heartfelt conviction and acknowledgment of the lordship of Allah the Almighty, the prophethood of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him and his family), and the Imams (peace be upon them). Faith is considered the foundation of happiness in both this world and the hereafter. Its increase requires practices such as seeking knowledge, performing acts of worship, frequent remembrance of Allah, fasting, and keeping the company of the righteous. The research also warns against factors that weaken faith, such as heedlessness, lying, and committing sins. Faith is the path to human perfection, and without it, individuals remain in the darkness of life. The term «faith» is mentioned 811 times in the Holy Quran, which invites reflection on its significance. Faith is the light that guides individuals to happiness in both this life and the next, and it serves as the foundation for righteous deeds. The Prophetic Sunnah and the sayings of the Imams emphasize that faith requires knowledge in the heart, affirmation by the tongue, and action by the limbs.

The concept of restriction, which is the opposite of generalization, is considered one of the rhetorical techniques that speakers use to achieve their communicative and argumentative goals. It involves addressing a specific or unspecified subject, described by an additional element that restricts, specifies, and makes it particular to what the speaker intends, as well as removing any ambiguity. This study examines the use of restriction through conditional clauses, copulative verbs (like «kan» and its sisters), and incomplete verbs with their complements, as employed by the poet Said bin Maki al-Nayli to convey his beliefs and knowledge regarding the issue of Hussein (peace be upon him) to the audience. The knowledge conveyed by the speaker was not necessarily scientific or intellectual; rather, he aimed to depict an imaginative image that conveys his emotions and encourages the audience to engage with and respond to this human issue. This research aims to highlight this phenomenon and explain its rhetorical and communicative purposes, using a descriptive approach by analyzing both the lexical and contextual meanings of the words.

The concept of restriction, which is the opposite of generalization, is considered one of the rhetorical techniques that speakers use to achieve their communicative and argumentative goals. It involves addressing a specific or unspecified subject, described by an additional element that restricts, specifies, and makes it particular to what the speaker intends, as well as removing any ambiguity. This study examines the use of restriction through conditional clauses, copulative verbs (like «kan» and its sisters), and incomplete verbs with their complements, as employed by the poet Said bin Maki al-Nayli to convey his beliefs and knowledge regarding the issue of Hussein (peace be upon him) to the audience. The knowledge conveyed by the speaker was not necessarily scientific or intellectual; rather, he aimed to depict an imaginative image that conveys his emotions and encourages the audience to engage with and respond to this human issue. This research aims to highlight this phenomenon and explain its rhetorical and communicative purposes, using a descriptive approach by analyzing both the lexical and contextual meanings of the words.

Orientalists paid great attention to studying the phonetic phenomena of the Arabic language, and their explanations for the manifestations of vowelization were spread throughout their research that was translated by Arab researchers. “The phonetic studies of Arab grammarians received the attention of Orientalists, and they were important opinions in evaluating the efforts of ancient Arab scholars. They studied the Arabic phonetic theory and determined its dimensions.(1).The Orientalists’ interest in studying phonetic phenomena was represented in their efforts to study sounds by Sibawayh (180 AH) and Ibn Sina (428 AH) in his book, The Reasons for the Occurrence of Letters, so that the Orientalist Dr. Henry Fleisch believes that phonetic studies did not become independent except at the hands of Ibn Sina (2). Orientalists researched the development that occurred in the sounds of Arabic, and they saw that the phonetic change in Arabic is limited due to its connection to the Holy Qur’an, and the desire to preserve the language at all its levels(3). In the research, I was concerned with following what the Orientalists had researched in their study of the sounds of Arabic. I studied their justifications for changing the waw and ya’ to alif, and I studied the i’lal by transfer or sukoon among them, and what happens in i’lal in the hollow present tense, and also i’lal by deletion, i’lal in the present tense, i’lal in the weight of fi’aal,” i’lal in the active participle of the defective verb, i’lal in the active participle of the hollow triliteral, i’lal in the passive participle, and i’lal in the formula “fi’aal.

The names for diseases are many, such as pain, disease, symptom, fatigue, incitement, sickness, and incitement. Ancient scholars had opinions about the effect of climate on diseases, including Ibn Sina, Abu Qurat, Galen, and Al-Hamawi. Abu Qurat said in his book, “Airs, Waters, and Countries,” that if a doctor enters a country he does not know, he should consider its geographical location, the percentage of winds, the rising of the sun, and the nature of the water used by the inhabitants. Therefore, he should not hesitate in treatment or fall into the pitfalls that those who have not previously delved into these essential issues cannot escape. Ancient Arab countries were exposed to deadly diseases and epidemics caused by climate. In the city of Baghdad in 552 AH, many diseases occurred, as there was much rain, thunder, lightning, and cold weather, as if it were winter, where they were exposed to smallpox, young and old. Temperature is considered one of the climatic elements that has the most direct and tangible effect on human health and ill health. What must be taken into consideration in the conditions of cities is that all of their houses should be surrounded by fences to protect them from heavenly pests.

Praise be to Allah, the First with no one before Him, and the Last with no one after Him, the One whose vision is restricted to those who delay (His commands) and honor those who obey Him. I bear witness that there is no god but Allah, and I bear witness that Muhammad is His servant and Messenger, who was sent to humanity with the message of salvation. May peace and blessings be upon him, his pure family, his righteous companions, and those who follow them in goodness until the Day of Judgment.
This research is part of studies that address beliefs and various issues, such as waiting and delivering oneself with sincerity. The topic is broad, involving discussions, narrations, and texts that deal with the nature of the awaited savior and the extent of the believers› connection with their legacy. These studies highlight humanity›s struggles throughout history, filled with pain, sorrow, and injustice that burden the vulnerable. Despite all the challenges, humanity continues to hold onto a deep belief in the promised savior, regardless of differing viewpoints across cultures.
The awaited figure symbolizes justice, hope, and the bright future for the oppressed and needy. Discussions about the concept of the awaited figure have been extensive, but this research focuses on the religious evidence supporting this belief and sheds light on its roots and clarity.
This research is divided into two sections. The first discusses the concept of the awaited figure in Judaism, which consists of three main topics:
1. The awaited figure linguistically and terminologically.
2. The term›s use.
. The concept of the awaited figure in Jewish belief.3
The second chapter, titled «The Awaited One in Islam,» consists of four topics, which are:
1. First Topic: His name, lineage, and birth.
2. Second Topic: Scriptural evidence for his emergence.
3. Third Topic: Characteristics of the Awaited One and his unique traits.
4. Fourth Topic: His actions and missions.
The study relied on ancient and modern sources and references, as well as benefiting from the studies written by orientalists related to the topic of the research.

This study aims to examine the methodological differences between Al-Tabarsi and Al-Suyuti in narrative exegesis (Tafsir al-Riwayah) by analyzing their approaches to collecting, critiquing, and prioritizing narrations in cases of contradiction. Fadl Allah ibn al-Hasan al-Tabarsi (d. 548 AH) belonged to the Imami Shiite school and relied primarily on the narrations of Ahl al-Bayt, giving them precedence over others in cases of conflict. He also employed textual and rational interpretation to address exegetical challenges.
On the other hand, Jalal al-Din Abd al-Rahman al-Suyuti (d. 911 AH) adhered to the Ahl al-Sunnah methodology, relying on the compilation of authentic narrations and evaluating them according to the principles of hadith science. The study revealed that the theological background of each exegete significantly influenced their choice of sources and methods of prioritization. While Al-Tabarsi emphasized the authority of the Imams of Ahl al-Bayt, Al-Suyuti adhered to the tradition of hadith scholars, rejecting weak narrations and Israʼiliyyat (Judeo-Christian narratives.(
The research explored doctrinal differences and their impact on exegesis, as well as each scholar’s method of dealing with conflicting narrations. Al-Tabarsi tended to use rational interpretation, while Al-Suyuti presented various narrations, categorizing them based on their acceptability according to Sunni principles.
The study concluded that narrative exegesis was not merely the transmission of hadith but an analytical process shaped by distinct theological and methodological foundations. Understanding the differences between Al-Tabarsi and Al-Suyuti is crucial for comprehending the intellectual developments in Qur’anic exegesis throughout Islamic history.

This research is concerned with studying (Analyzing the artistic values of examples of digital art techniques ) which includes investigation the reality of graffiti art and revealing the artistic values associated with it through the structural elements and their relationship with each other to show the functional aspects that are the basis for its success through proficiency in dealing with vocabulary and the ability to perceive coherent relationships within the design space in light of technical and technological progress ,that affected most of the arts.
The research included four chapter , The first chapter dealt with explaining the research problem through the following questions what is digital art? Why do artists and graphic designers resort to new techniques in the process of designing . Do artistic values differ between traditionl graphic art products and digital art products? Importance , research objective , limits ,and definition of terms .
The second chapter included the theoretical framework : digital art light printing techniques , methods of creating digital artwork . The third chapter was devoted to the research procedures , including the research community and its sample , which amounted to (3) work . chapter four includes the results , conclusions ,recommendations and suggestions .

The current research aims to identify:
1- The level of self-esteem among university students
2- The level of academic achievement among university students
3- The correlation between self-esteem and academic achievement
The researcher relied on the Self-Esteem Scale (Al-Khazraji 2022), consisting of (18) items. She also adopted the Academic Achievement Scale prepared by (Mo Mani 2008). The researcher extracted the psychometric characteristics of validity and reliability by presenting the two scales to a number of specialized experts.
In education, psychology, psychological and educational guidance, the reliability of the self-esteem scale reached (0.84) and the reliability of the academic achievement scale reached (0.98) through retesting. The scale was applied to the applied research sample of (200) male and female students, (100) male students, (100) female students. The researcher concluded that university students enjoy good self-esteem and there are no statistically significant differences. Among the sample members, the results showed that the research sample enjoyed a good level of academic achievement, and there were no statistically significant differences in academic achievement based on gender. The researcher also developed a set of recommendations and proposals required for the completion of the current research.
Chapter One:First: Research Problem:Second: Research Importance:Third: Research Objectives:Fourth: Research Limits:Fifth: Definition of Terms: