The islamic college university journal

Abstract:-
It did not Provide documents or Historical and news sources the meaning is Clear and specific about the carm and so form the middle ages Until the modern era the writings were general and in different formulations of meaning and content in the face of this term, we cannot make a definition that meets its accurate and true meaning in order to get away from the misunderstanding we set out to shed some light on concepts added to them by the Karmic, such as the Karmic Merchants or the Karmics, who wher engaged in the trade of various Commodities and Comodities the wher Known as karmic Commodities and Commodities.
They carry it to all Contries and cities on karic ships and boats, and transport it through Karmic Ports Harbors and anchorages. We also see the concepts of time associated with Karm, Such as (tadau\'s Karm) and (next Karm) and there is a group of merchants who have mastered.
The Sciences of Hadith and Jurisptudence and Put books in it they are called Karm merchants. Some researcher point out that the generosity is a Phenpmenon. That maked the middle age with its socio - economic character in relation to glolal trade, which took ways and wags from its origins In China and India and the far East until it Lands in Yemen, and Continue to the regions of East and North Africa and all the way to European Conutries.

Abstract:-
Ina maerifat 'asbab alnuzul alati tuedu min alqarayin alkharijiat fursatan tusaeid ealaa fahm almadamin alnssyt layat alquran alkarim, khilal kan alqasd min 'iinzal alquran taelim alhalal walharam , wa'an yaerif al'iinsan walsharayie al'iislam, waqawaeid al'iiman, faman yatimu tahdid aleam bialkhasi, walmutlaq bialmuqayad, walmutashabih bialmuhkam, walmansukh walnaasikh, wana 'akthar ma warad min 'ahkam alfiqhiat almawjudat fi dimn alsuwr almadanii, tuzhar wadihatan min khilal alsiyaqat alkhitabiat almawjudat fi tilk alsuwr

Abstract:-
The Muslims conquered the city of Santarem in about the year 95 AH / 713 AD, and it continued to be ruled by them until it fell under the control of the Christians of Portugal in the year 542 AH / 1145 AD, which is approximately 447 years.
During that period, the city changed with the Arab-Islamic manifestations, so many men of thought appeared in it in various fields of knowledge, and what helped the intellectual movement to flourish in it was that it was a frontal area facing the enemies of Muslims, so many scholars used to frequent it with the intention of stationing there for jihad, as was the beauty of the city and its region A factor that helped erupt the minds of writers and poets in describing those picturesque scenes as they wandered among the waters, greenery, and pleasant breezes. Some of them were famous for narrating hadiths and Quranic readings, and some of them were famous for language and literature, the first of whom was the writer Abi al-Hasan Ali bin Bassam al-Shantarini, the author of the most famous author of literature books in Andalusia.

Abstract:-
Stories in Arab society has a great importance. it is a true and manifested mirror of Egyptian life, myths were the sources of many stories in this field. The legend of the "Bride of the Nile" is one of the aesthetic expressive tools on which the contemporary Arab poet relied, in the past and at the present, and it was used by poets in their legendary poetry. And they were inspired by them in the mythological heritage and natural symbols in the structure of their poetic texts. This research seeks to study what was formulated by the contemporary Arab poet’s imagination of the story of the legend of “The Bride of the Nile”, using the descriptive-analytical method to show the manhood of the Nile and present it as a bride who plays the role of motherhood and mature femininity.And that the woman, the secret of fertility in the land, appeared in the image of the bride. The study also concluded how to employ this myth in the poems of five contemporary Arab poets, such as Shawqi; A patriotic poet, a lover of the culture of his time, and he belongs to the school of conservatives. He tells the story in his glorious words without any modification, as an extension of his ancient heritage, and he brought it in his poem “Oh the Nile” as a chronicler, mixing between inherited and modern images. Symbolism is one of the poet’s romantic traits, and al-Jibran in his literature symbolizes, in the story, rebirth and union with nature. As Omar Abu Risha, in his poem "The Great Reservoir", assumed a mask and symbolized her as the virginal beauty to marry the Nile. To calm down before he gets angry and overflows.Samih al-Qasim also employed it in reverse , according to this myth in confronting the Zionist enemy in the framework of the paradoxical technique, while Amal Dunqul used it in a representative scene and sadness. when the Nile swallows an innocent victim, sharing the features of the fall and tension in our present era with a political character.

Abstract: -
The Orientalist studies specialized in the prophetic biography and the sciences of the Qur’an were and still are focused on the subject of Muhammad’s revelation, because the revelation is the basis on which the truth of prophethood and the message is based, and it is the first source of all Islamic legislation. The interpretations of the Orientalists of the phenomenon of Muhammad’s revelation varied and varied, so some orientalists interpreted it. On the other hand, it was a pathological condition that the Messenger (PBUH) was suffering from and his incarnation of him in the form of revelation, and others said that it was the inspiration of my poetry, and then he went, among the Orientalists, to being an ideal spiritual experience of high mental clarity and mental contemplation of the phenomenon of Muhammad’s revelation, which in its essence does not match the truth of the divine revelation Which is characterized by awareness, perception and insurance by the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH).
The modern-day orientalist Jewish English, for Hazleton, one of those orientalists who looked at the revelation of Muhammad, assumed a strange orientalist view far from its divine source.

Abstract:-
The purpose of the current research is to diagnose the causes of the decline in organizational citizenship behavior in the municipality of Al-Rumaitha / Muthanna, including the effect of adopting an insufficiently effective leadership style in dealing with workers at the level of the research sample if The research problem is the low level of organizational citizenship behavior as a result of non-application of effective leadership, And the importance of research is embodied through the addition of knowledge, the benefit of the sample of management and workers, and the extent of the reflection of the application of the research in the benefit of the beneficiaries through improving the services provided to them. The practical objectives of the research are embodied in testing and measuring the level of influence between them. The research was applied in (Al-Rumaitha Municipality Directorate) as the research community reached (118) and an intentional sample amounted to (70) of workers in administrative and technical positions, and the retrieved forms were valid for analysis (63). The researcher adopted the descriptive analytical approach and collected data for the research variables and through the questionnaire form that It includes three axes, the first is general information, the second includes the effective leadership variable and includes (4) dimensions and the sum of the paragraphs (21) and the third includes the organizational citizenship behavior variable with its dimensions (5) and the sum of its paragraphs (25). The researcher developed the two hypotheses of correlation and influence, and a set of statistical methods and programs were used, which is (spss var.24). The most important conclusions were reached that effective leadership did not achieve the ambition for the workers to deal, as it did not apply its dimensions correctly and comprehensively, due to the lack of clarity of the strategic vision and objectives And the effective weak impact, as well as the weak level of justice and appreciation for the employees of the organization, and that the planning process is not at the level of ambition in the short and long term, as well as the absence of clear and effective follow-up and evaluation programs and plans that would reflect the effectiveness of the leadership, which was reflected in the failure to enhance the organizational citizenship behavior of organization employees.

Abstract:-
The formalist Shklovsky called for the defamilarization of the familiar thing so that the recipient would stop and contemplate it, and the period of perception would be prolonged, and Here is the element of beauty. Then Brecht came and developed his vision of defamilarization in his dialectical theatre, so he took defamilarization as a committed means to criticize society and change it and revolutionize the spectator as a conscious person who shares his mind and not to be merged emotionally with the show as in Aristotle's dramatic theatre. The poet and novelist Ibrahim Nasrallah, a writer committed to the Palestinian, Arab, and human causes, and a quarrelsome critic of the authority, has foreseen the future danger to the fate of the human in his war with those who resemble him, not with those who disagree with him, in his imaginary novel “The Second War of The Dog,” and he used defamilarization as a means of warning. This study came with a descriptive and analytical approach, adopting the formalist theory and Brecht's views on defamilarization, to reveal how the writer was affected by Brecht's defamilarization, and how he invented in it. The study concluded that the writer was influenced by Brecht's defamilarization, and innovated in it, on a level; Idea, title, language, narration, dialogue, event, characters, time and place, dramatic scene, plot and conflict. His text was committed and included metafiction. This led to awareness the recipient and not merging him with the novel, as it is an artificial warning text.

Abstract:-
Drug abuse in and of itself is considered a criminal behavior, because drugs have a harmful effect that is not only limited to the person who abuses himself, but can also pose a danger to others. He is aware of his behavior, so he commits immoral acts that may reach the limits of crime without awareness or realization. As the total drug crime under study in the city of Najaf reached (2065), and the study also found that there are (2) neighborhoods that represent areas of concentration of crimes, as their rates rise to 418 in the city, and the spatial variation in the number of accused in the city showed that they are concentrated in (43) neighborhoods A residential area is compatible with the high number of residents and the total number of crime.

Abstract:-
Grammar is an officer element that contributes to the clearness of the Quran’s features, a prominent contribution. An exegetical view of Ahl al-Bayt as the closest people to the source of revelation provides the scope for understanding the meanings of the Quran. Therefore, the research deals with the grammatical references in the interpretation of the verses of the Qur’an by Ahl al-Bayt, in order to remove the mask from the importance of grammar in their vision, opinions, and their employment of grammar in discovering the meaning of speech. The research studies a group of narrations in which the grammatical notes from the first fifteen parts of the Holy Qur’an were found in archaeological Shiite interpretations such as Al-Burhan, Nour Al-Thaqlain, and Al-Durr Al-Manthur interpretation of the Sunnis. This study collected information using the library method, and it relied on the descriptive-analytical approach in its analysis and evaluation. Its results will be presented by searching the grammatical and exegetical books by classification, criticism and analysis. The research focused its efforts on classifying and analyzing grammatical signs, including: directing attention to the role of grammatical words, which focused its lens on identifying and explaining the different grammatical faces in the Quranic verses, and addressing the relationship between grammar and the science of reading; It also focuses on directing attention to grammatical titles in defining the excluded, defining the related, defining the pronoun reference. And he explains in a field related to the method of the condition that the assertion in the request's answer stems from and emanates from the assessment of a conditional sentence, and that Lula's answer can be presented to it. With regard to the method of deletion or the phenomenon of deletion, the curtain reveals the effects, the verb's relation, and the deleted genitive. In the field of directing attention to the grammatical tools, the meanings of the letters, including the letter “will” and “perhaps”, stand out.

Abstract: -
The employee or the assigned to a public service is the link between the state and society by submitting services to its citizens which requires protecting them completely and preventing any activity or action they face during performing their duties. So, the legislator must provide the necessary protection for them and criminalize any action that the criminal does and leads to prevent the employee or the assigned to a public service to perform his duty for maintaining and protecting the public service and not to transgress against employees when performing their duties.
We shall deal with this issue through two topics. We shall clarify , in the first one, the concept of the crime of preventing the employee or the assigned to a public service from performing his duty. In the second topic, we shall show the elements of the crime of preventing an employee or one assigned to a public service from performing his duty and its punishment.

Abstract: -
It is no secret that the contract is one of the most important tools of interaction between individuals in society, through which a person can satisfy a certain need that he cannot satisfy alone, as contracts are made through the agreement of the offer and acceptance between the contracting parties, and then they result in some obligations arising from This agreement, the essential or main obligation in the contract is the goal or purpose of the contract, which in turn embodies the true content of the contract, in addition to the fact that the requirement of the contract cannot be achieved without carrying out this main obligation, which is at the same time an implementation of the contract requirement.

Abstract:-
The nature of happiness and how to achieve it is an important issue for humanity and the world philosophers believe the meaning and purpose are reasonable. This issue opinions and theories of Plato and Molla Sadra accounted for the major issues.
Plato's ontology and epistemology within one's own happiness depends on the way in the knowledge that God gives all human existence, knows. According to him, happy is he who finds true form of intuitive knowledge. Mulla Sadra offer almost similar to Plato, Axis knows the true good of the people's awareness and knowledge But of course disagree with Plato is the object of knowledge.
Mulla Sadra in the prosperity of his heavily influenced by the Quran and Prophet's sayings heritage. He believes that the principles of human misery His character is that of Terminator: 1. Not knowing his true 2. friendship and 3. love of the world 4. Satan.
Both philosophers despite some differences in resources, ideas are shared in this That human happiness depends on her independence to the world and then connect to the world of mortals and angels. This would be one based on a recognition that the human soul and to the left is evil, and do good.

Abstract:-
According to the Shiite doctrine, the imam is the successor of the Messenger, may God bless him and grant him peace, and he is characterized by all his moral traits, and he succeeds him after him to carry out the affairs of religion. Among the most prominent of these inherited characteristics is the mandate that the imam has before his appointment. In view of the importance of the role of the guardian, who is considered the argument of God Almighty over his creation, the earth is never devoid of a guardian.
The imam is a perfect man and mediator of a divine outpouring and a heavenly argument, and he has a formative mandate, and there were prophetic verses and narrations in that, as well as narrations about the pure imams. To analyze the proofs indicating the formative mandate of the Wali and to prove the formative mandate of Imam Mahdi over creation, and this is an extremely necessary matter that should be studied.

Abstract:-
One of the greatest Muslim political thinkers and the Shafi’i school of thought in the fifth century AH, is Imam Muhammad Al-Ghazali. He considers politics and government a performance a tool in the service of achieving Islamic sovereignty, and confirms the coexistence between religion and politics in his literary works. From Al-Ghazali’s point of view, there is a necessary relationship between religion and property to ensure the safety of the life of Islamic nation and its properties. In his works, he focused a lot on the following topics: Caliphate, Imamate, and Political Levels. Al-Ghazali considers the caliphate to be a necessary matter according to Sharia, not reason. He sees the necessity of fulfilling the conditions of descent, physical health, and observing justice for the Muslim Caliph. He mentions the piety of God as the condition of the Caliph, and this is considered a new condition for the Caliph of Muslims. He sees that there is a distinction between the position of the Caliphate and the position of the monarchy, and he says that the caliph is the one who take over the position of the Imamate or their leader by virtue of the covenant and charter that he made with the Muslim community.
So he is the source of government power in Islamic countries and he is the person who bears the ultimate responsibility for the good management of living and the moral reform of society. On the other hand, it is considered that the position of government or monarchy belongs to Sultans who have physical and military power and at the same time they have sufficient power to ensure the security of Muslims and abide by the covenant to the Caliph. By expressing the name of the Caliph in prayer and minting coins in his name, they obtain the legitimacy of sovereignty over the Islamic land. By fulfilling these two conditions, even if the Sultan is a tyrant, the Muslims must follow his orders, otherwise his removal will cause chaos. In his time, Al-Ghazali faced the challenge of the caliphate and the monarchy, and the caliph in this era is no longer the source of power, but merely the legitimacy of the powers obtained by force and the sword.

Abstract:-
The era of Imam al- Baqir is considered one of the most accurate and sensitive Islamic era. The Imam witnessed the caliphs of Benu Umayyah falling one by one. This era was one of the most dangerous eras. Many Islamic sects were emerged that were most dangerous intellectual and social phenomena at that era. These groups were established. These groups were established at the behest of the Umayyad dynasty or with its support, according to reasons, the most important of which was support for the Umayyad rule. The parties fought among them most, which led to stopping the Islamic tide and deviating from its course to another course that had no any glimmer of light and awareness.

Abstract:-
The argumentative factors and links have awide presence in the speech of Imam Musa bin Jaafar (peace be upon him). I Studied it carefully in his speech (Peace upon him) , and it was distinguished by its effective impact in conveying the arguments of the speech from the argumentative reporting, linking the arguments to the results and directing the recipient to the intended results of the argumentative speech, and the IMAM(peace be upon him) used(what – except) and (but), and represented LQ1inks in his speech with grammatical elements and studied them (but, even, but rather, And).

Abstract:-
Destiny is one of the topics that has always had a special place in the human mind and thought. This principle has a much deeper and broader place in the first human thought system. The study of Oriental mythology shows that one of the most important concerns and reflections of human beings is destiny, which has been affected and manifested in various ways in the life of primitive man. In this article, the authors have tried to explore the belief in destiny and its reflection in Oriental mythology in a library method and in a descriptive-analytical manner. Research findings show that each of these nations has taken a special look at this issue. This principle has gone through many ups and downs among the ancient Iranians, and over time it has moved from freedom of choice in the Avesta to algebra in Zoroastrianism. In ancient India, this path was reversed, and destiny at the beginning and inevitable and predetermined destiny came to the fore in determining the fate of Buddhism. In Mesopotamia, man is created to feed the hungry gods and is trapped in a circle of destiny, trying to escape death and attain immortality. The Chinese believed in the god of fate and destiny. Divination and the pursuit of immortality are recurring themes in Chinese mythology. In Japanese mythology, too, under the influence of Buddhist beliefs, man could choose his own destiny; Before the Buddha's influence, however, destiny had no special meaning. In other words, they had no idea of the soul and made no fundamental difference between life and death or body and soul.

Abstract:-
Ibn al-Salah's book on hadith is one of the most important books adopted in schools and scientific institutes in teaching the science of hadith, Despite its importance, the researcher found some methodological notes that can be recorded in his book , Including what he mentioned about the good hadith.
The research consisted of an introduction and two requirements: The first requirement: with what the compiler mentioned regarding the definition of good and its classification, The second requirement: what Ibn al-Salah mentioned of warnings and divergences on al-Hasan, The most prominent of these observations is that he did not mention a complete definition of good, The invocation case was received by the five books he mentioned and what happened in their course, To other notes.

Abstract: -
alJavaheri was as a modern literary personalities in iraq.seeks away in his divans, Palestine and what rund painful events in there after cruelty zeonisem occupaid.this research aims assimilation survey from Quality of containing patestine aspirations after Balfours'declaration. research method in this essay is compound of historical and descriptive and inferentive -defective. two Basic questions in this essay are: I- in what way Javahery engaged Palestine literature, to dispense with his communism tendency?2- what are preventives in front of palstine slogan? and what are his suggested solutions? We can refer to one of the most important resuts: I- the porpose of Javaheri's entrance in defense of Palestine aspipration as follows: humanitg tendency, take impression of sociat reality and take impression of religious rooty homelike circumference.

Abstract:-
The research showed a general definition of the miracle, and it clarified its conditions and what is the miraculous destiny of the Qur’an, and the research revealed the secret of gradualism in this challenge.
Then the modern research dealt with the views of the ancient and advanced scholars on the idea of the miracle in the Qur’an with explanation and analysis by the ancients such as: Al-Khattabi, Al-Ramani, Al-Jurjani, and Al-Baqlani, and among the contemporaries: Sheikh Rashid Rida and Sayyid Qutb
. Then we expanded on talking about the miraculousness of the text of the Qur’anic discourse through the explanation, analysis and interpretation of some Qur’anic verses that dealt with different types of rhetorical methods. He made us stand on the secret of beauty and the explanation in it, so we believe that the Holy Qur’an is miraculous in its words for all creation

Abstract:-
This research seeks to try to reveal the features of the resistance of the poet ((Abdul Mohsen Al-Kazemi)), who defined him with his political and patriotic stance against the Ottoman and British occupation...
And an explanation of the reasons behind this resistance, including “political, social and economic” reasons, which had an impact on the poet’s life and his estrangement in a positive and negative way...
This study attempts to reveal the reasons that made the poet use this method in some poetic texts...

Abstract:-
The writer, through his commitment to literature, is that he should care about the issues of his people, homeland and religion and defend them. As for his enemies that increased in number through the last century due to the fierce attacks that the Islam is being faced from the West at the military, political and cultural levels.
The poet, Adnan al-Nahwi was one of the most prominent masters of the committed literature in the modern era. His committed literature is distinguished with several features that distinguished him from others. So, we seek through the descriptive analytical method to study the manifestations of commitment in his poetry and show its aspects and artistic and content features.
The research came to the conclusion that the poet was concerned with the issue of commitment. Among his most prominent poems in this regard is (Hawa wa Hewan). The poet sang this poem in the reality of the divided Arabic Islamic nation, and denounced the policies of Arab national governments in their dealing with the Arab peoples. The poem is divided entirely into four coherent axes. The first one is that the poet dealt with the reality the Islamic Arab nation and its divisions due to the national trends and authoritarian tendencies and the repercussions of those divisions on the lived reality. The second axis; the poet describes the reasons of that tragedy and its main motives. The third axis; the poet describes the treatment of those divisions and the diaspora that is spread in the body of the Muslim Nation. As for the firth axis, that the poet reveals the most prominent challenges that hinder the fate of the unity of Muslims.

Abstract:
In the virtual space, there are groups called intermediaries and Internet service providers in a general sense on the one hand, and producers and final consumers of the Internet on the other hand. If, as a result of the actions of any of these persons, the rights or interests of legal and real persons are damaged, which causes the loss of property, life, and wealth of persons, and encourages and incites persons to act against the government, slander and slander the pillars of the Islamic system, Questioning religious values, offering and showing obscene videos and images is provocative, which person or persons and on what basis and how should they be required to compensate for the damage?
The government is responsible in this field and who should compensate the possible damages?

Abstract:-
the study of the duality of presence and absence is keen because of its importance in the modern critical lesson, and the importance lies in attracting a variety of themes that contribute to building the poetic text in form and content, in which material structures contribute with moral structures, which we find a clear echo in the ability to contain surface and deep structures Which is filtered from the poetic text, and this is what we have seen in the semantic juxtaposition between the title of the poetic texts and the text, through which we can stand on the course of the text and its secrets. Due to the multiplicity of themes of these dualities (time and space, life and death, emptiness and fullness, silence and speech), whose voice increases or decreases according to the presence and absence of the structure, whose dimensions are revealed in a game of balance (objective equivalent) of sounds.

Abstract:-
There are many Qur'anic verses that were revealed to the Ahl al-Bayt, peace be upon them, according to the opinion of the Shiite and Sunni sects, and the reason for the revelations is the Ahl al-Bayt, peace be upon them. According to the scholars of the Imamate, it is a reference to the authority and the Imamate, except that the Ahl al-Sunnah say that they are tashir to the grace of the Ahl al-Bayt, peace be upon them, but it has nothing to do with their authority and their Imamate.
Man Abarz Talaq Al-Aya Ma came in Surah 55 of Surah Al-Ma'idah al-Tadal Ali Al-Walaiya, except that Ahl al-Sunnah, based on the rules of "Al-Ibara Bamum Al-Faz" and "Hamal Al-Juma Ali Wahid Khilaf Al-Zahir" have expanded in the signifiers, even the forgeries include the last persons as well. In this article, we try to study the Qur'anic methodology and the science of interpretation and rhetoric in accordance with the rule of "Al-Ibraa Bamum al-Faz" and the rule of "Al-Jari".

Abstract:-
In its history, the Algerian novel has undergone various changes in topics and methods And the Algerian novel has surpassed other novels in pursuing this issue, considering the many changes that the Algerian people have faced in the society. Postcolonial writing is considered one of the topics that made people freed from colonialism aware of new forms of colonialism that may be clearly visible in culture. Since the novel Intersection of the Ages by »Abir Shahrazad «is one of the most famous literary works of Algeria and because of its importance in relation to the problems faced by the Algerian people after independence, this article has tried to analyze the post-colonial signs according to the descriptive-analytical approach. Investigating the occupied land, colonialism, economy, alienation, passion, patriotism, value challenges and the Algerian revolution are among the post-colonial issues that this article tries to investigate. One of the most important results achieved by this article is that novelists have gone beyond imitative novelists who point the finger of blame at others and express all the calamities and problems that have befallen the people of Algeria. In addition to being aware of the causes of the problems, the novelist has been able to examine the views of the Algerian people against these problems. He believes that the Algerian and Arab people often suffer from mismanagement in the resistance, and the novelist has tried to show his fears, concerns and anxieties in dealing with related issues in a way that shows this idea and It shows the crisis related to each of the topics and then shows the severity of the current problem and then informs you about the problems, most of the time it tries to provide solutions for these problems.

Abstract:-
In Shiite mysticism in general and orthodox Christian mysticism, reaching a mystic to God is the perfection (the highest level) of mysticism. Mysticism derived from both religions is based on religious principles. Shiite mysticism has been formed relying on Islam and Orthodox mysticism has been formed relying on Christianity. In this article, the opinions of Feyz Kashani and Gregory Palamas in Shiite mysticism and orthodox mysticism have been investigated and it has been concluded that: Feyz Kashani considered "practice according to Sharia" and five branches, i.e. Prayer, Fasting, Hajj, Zakat and Jihad, to be involved in the three levels of Sharia, Doctrine and Truth. Also, Feyz Kashani considers the harmony of mystic conduct with the Qur'an and hadiths as one of the basic principles of conduct. Orthodox mysticism has been also formed citing the Scripture and other religious teachings, and Gregory Palamas has organized her mysticism in the same way and citing the Scripture and the rites and rituals of the Orthodox Church..

Abstract:-
The Arabic words of poem, poet, and poetry come from a verb root. Arabs considered poetry "a regular speech that prevailed over it due to its honour in metre and rhyme." Since the pre-Islamic era, it was the Arabs' Diwan, recording their days, events, and history. Thus, the poet became the tribe's voice and protector. During the Umayyad era, the state began to view poets differently, so if he was one of its supporters, it lavished money and presents on him and celebrated him with great reverence in its divans and those of the caliphs, princes, and governors. If he was one of its opponents, she was exposed to him, punished him, sought him, and had opportunities and blunders. After Umar bin Abi Rabia (d. 93 AH / 711 CE) and Ubaid Allah bin Qais al-Ruqayyat (d. 75 AH / 694 CE), Al-Araji was one of Quraysh's most essential poets. He was of Umayyad descent and connected to the third caliph, Othman bin Affan, although he felt neglected. He felt that the Umayyads had taken power and money and ignored him. They began directing their arrows towards him, so what was from him except that he took political flirtation as a means of exposure to power and its men and women, so Poetry is his way of avenging this injustice. He also dislikes

Abstract:-
State is responsible before nation and there is no separation between them. They are two parties in one contract which is the Caliphate Contract governed by the Book and the Sunnah, and although that some eras witnessed fading of the voice of the nation, and the state's extend and control, especially in the eras of military control and its tyranny by caliphate. This is a departure from the principle. It does not cancel the contract which remains valid, and the Islam remains the subject of the claim and the basis for the litigation between them which is one of the most prominent characteristics of the state in the Islam.
We noticed that direction of the rightness of the governor through piety and the rightness of the subjects through obedience which is sponsored and encouraged by the state. However, Although the piety of the governor and the obedience of the nation have really the goodness of the situation, claiming nation to be obedient became the first demand of the state's policy. As for the governor and his piety, this is something that the state wanted the nation to demand from the governor by praying to God Almighty.

Abstract:-
Based on what arbitration has reached in commercial relations and the importance of referring to it in disputes that arise in commercial and petroleum contracts and other international contracts, and when arbitral decisions are issued, they take the same privacy in which judicial decisions are distinguished when they acquire the final degree, so arbitration rulings are characterized by conditions And the properties of the ruling that terminates the dispute and gaining the authoritative thing that is decided by it.
And the prerogative of the matter decided in relation to the arbitral award is the validity of the judgment to adhere to the results resulting from it in favor of one person against another person, and the inadmissibility of bringing up the dispute in which this ruling was issued again before the judiciary, whether the regular judiciary or the arbitration judiciary, and according to the concept of the prerogative of the thing decided in it, it is linked In a sense related to the subject matter of the dispute, its parties, and the judge who issued it, so that the dispute is not re-introduced again with regard to the same litigants, and the ruling acquires the authority of the ruling as soon as it is issued, even if it is still possible to challenge it.

Abstract:-
Polysemy is one of the important topics in linguistics and semantics. In this research, the topic of polysemy in the Holy Quran is analyzed with a focus on Al-Fajr Surah. The results of the research show that the implication of one word on multiple meanings is in harmony with the overall coherence of the Ayah. The distinction between polysemy and homonymy and how to analyze polysemy by Islamic linguists and interpreters, as well as explaining the effect of polysemy on the interpretations of the Holy Quran are other results of this research. Drawing a line diagram with figures and numbers for words that have polysemy shows the frequency of meaning intended by interpretetrs in all Islamic interpretation sources with different approaches and beliefs.

Abstract:-
Creation or inventing all from the one is considering one of the most philosophical, Gnosticism and religious issues. It is one of the most human being over thinking for all ages in addition to death and the opponent of many creatures whom are invited by only one creature i.e.: The one must create one, just one. If this concept is, true how about all creatures?
There is no one reason for two effects, a lot of philosophers spread so many time discussing this matter due to it's importance. One of them was the greatest sheikh Muhi Aldeen Ibn Arabi, this research aim to figure out the goal of one creature concept and it's opponent to the majority existence and what is AL Sheikh Ibn Arabi point of view.
According to this research we will see the manner of creation and the creatures appearance according to him.

Abstract:-
The aim of the current research is to identify the inferential thinking skills in the subject of biology among students of the fourth scientific grade, and the differences in the level of inferential thinking skills in the subject of biology among students of the fourth scientific grade according to the gender variable (males - females).
The research community was determined by students of the fourth scientific grade in middle and secondary schools affiliated to the General Directorate of Education in the center of Al-Qadisiyah Governorate,And for the academic year 2020-2021 AD, the descriptive research method was adopted, as the size of the research sample was (300) male and female students for the fourth scientific grade, with (150) male and (150) female students.
The researchers prepared a test to measure the inferential thinking skills to achieve the objectives of the research, which in its final form consisted of (33) objective paragraphs of the type of multiple choice and three alternatives, distributed over three skills according to the classification (Razuki and Suha 2015) which are the skill of inductive reasoning by (11) paragraph and The skill of deductive inference by (11) paragraphs, and deductive reasoning by (11) paragraphs, and the apparent validity and construction validity of the test were verified.
The coefficients of difficulty and discrimination were calculated, as well as calculating the effectiveness of camouflages, and calculating the value of the test stability coefficient using the alpha coefficient, whose value amounted to (0.80)The test was applied in the second season of the year(2020-2021 AD). Using Microsoft Excel and SPSS, the following results were obtained:
1- Recognizing the extent to which fourth-grade students possess inferential thinking skills in biology.
2- The differences in the inferential thinking skills in biology for fourth grade students according to the gender variable (male - female)
Relying on the findings of the research, the researchers made a number of recommendations, including the inclusion of scientific issues in the biology curricula for the fourth grade, that develop inferential thinking skills.

Abstract:-
This article aims to provide a critical and analytical reading to the “Tabaqat al-Shuara” book by Ibn Sallam al-Jumahi by raising two points, the first is concerned with the most prominent documentary-historical criticism that came in this book on extraneous poetry and the topic in pre-Islamic poetry, and then analyzing what it attends to with criticism and discussion. The second concerns the treatment of the critical approach and its technical criteria, and it focused on the critical measures that were relied upon in classifying classes, and the foundations that were used in determining the class and its poets. And one of the most important findings of this article is that Ibn Sallam has put an end to suspicion of Arabic poetry, with his documentary analysis of the issue of plagiarism, and accomplished important analyzes of this phenomenon, so these analyzes consisted in subjecting Arabic poetry to important monetary balances rather than spontaneous history.