Journal of University of Anbar for Humanities

‏ ‏Sukhawi lived in the ninth century AH and is considered one ‎of the prominent scientific figures in Mamluk history in particular and ‎Islamic in general, as he reached the highest scientific ranks of the ‎underdeveloped sciences. Therefore, this book is a huge scientific ‎encyclopedia included in its translations of various methodological ‎trends through the texts contained in the narrations and comments made ‎by Within the translations of this writing using various formulas ‎expressions on them, and was reported according to systematic ‎formulations did not deviate from the general framework of the book in ‎general and what the author provides in these subjects in particular, we ‎see the same approach that he followed in covering this subject ‎including Ara E, including those referred to in the various directions ‎and contexts of the methodology contained in those translations as each ‎of them came to a particular approach revealed the motives and factors ‎found in the translations, including the transfer from one of the sources ‎from which he was transferred, or convey a phrase has a kind of doubt ‎He refers to the manner in which he has reached him through that ‎information about his translator, denies the validity of some of the ‎novels that he receives, and confirms their validity through his ‎information or sometimes denies it‏.‏

At the beginning of the second third of the fourth century AH / ‎tenth century AD, the Abbasid Caliphate defined a critical period after ‎the entry of the Daihoy dynasty to Iraq at the head of a foreign army ‎that did not believe in the legitimacy of Arab Islamic rule and in the ‎service of their narrow interests. They preserved the symbolic value of ‎this caliphate; The outsider to the Abbasid society, despite engaging in ‎political disputes with the institution of the caliphate, which wagered a ‎great deal on the jurists, and the category of scholars, to contain boihi ‎penetration‏.‏
The scholars and jurists supported the caliph, and supported him ‎in his various relations with the Bohai princes in the interior, which ‎were not all hostile relations, and in his foreign policy, they maintained ‎the symbolic sovereignty of the caliphs, and they met their actions with ‎reactions of varying effects, by addressing these practices, which are the ‎responses that Which did not have a significant positive impact

The topic of the councils of the caliphs is one of the important ‎topics in the field of Islamic history, because it has an impact in ‎highlighting an important aspect of the life of the Abbasid caliphs, ‎which is the positive and bright side of their biography, which we often ‎find described as luxury and opulence that we describe as imaginary, ‎and on the validity of that Or exaggeration, we must confirm in our ‎research that the caliphs were also highlyhighly aware of the Qur’an ‎and Sunnah and the news of the Arabs, language and literature and ‎they were also narrators of the hadith of the Prophet and Arabic poetry, ‎and their news with scholars is abundant in the stomachs of history and ‎biographies, and given the length of the Abbasid era, I hope that Be ‎searching Here about specifically the first Abbasid era, and that is for ‎matters for the length of the Abbasid era as I mentioned beforeand ‎because the second Abbasid era was more prominent in education and ‎the role of the caliphs is much broader and is known in terms of the ‎interest of the caliphs in building schools, which is well known in ‎Baghdad and the rest of the Islamic provinces such as the regular ‎school and the school Al-Mustansiriya and others. Also, the sciences ‎began to emerge and emerge as the sciences of medicine, mathematics, ‎chemistry and tricks, which means physics and other sciences, except ‎that the first Abbasid era represented the first building blocks of ‎development, the scientific renaissance and the early stages are very ‎important to show and focus on for their study and collect signals that ‎show us the role that the caliphs played With intent or unintentionally ‎pushing the wheel of knowledge and making Baghdad the capital of ‎science and scholars and a beacon of civilization at a time when the ‎whole world was immersed in an applied ignorance.‎

Wasit was distinguished by its distinguished geographical ‎location, and its proximity to the Tigris River helped the emergence of ‎many villages in it, some of which emerged from many scholars who ‎had a distinct cultural impact. We will show the most famous scholars ‎of its villages, whose news has been dispersed in the stomachs of some ‎of the mothers of the books, in addition to talking about the villages ‎that have ceased to be mentioned, and there is no mention of them ‎except in the folds of the books of Islamic history, and we will discuss ‎in it the scientific families that emerged from some of their villages.‎

This study discussed (the economic life of the Al-Moteemon in ‎Mecca and Medina during the Prophetic and Rashidi era), And gained ‎this subject of great importance starting from the migration of the ‎Prophet (God pray and greet upon him) to the Medina. We discussed ‎the economic situation of the Al-Moteemon and highlighted the general ‎economic situation in Mecca and Medina during that period, which was ‎measured by the wealth and stature.‎
In addition, the research dealt with the status of Al-Moteemon, ‎economic development, the role of Al-Moteemon and their contribution ‎to the developmental work that increases the value of their country and ‎contributes to their economic growth, the economic situation of the Al-‎Moteemon has played a major role in the high social status of the ‎society during that period. The rich in Islam were rich and stature. They ‎came from high-ranking tribes in Mecca and Medina. Most of them had ‎great wealth. Most of them had huge fortunes from the trade that was ‎the pillar of the Makki and Medini economy of that period , In addition ‎to the developmental work they have done, which has been the reason ‎to strengthen the state of the economic situation.‎

AbstractʿIlm al-Kalām ‎‏ ‏‎“Science of discourse” is one of the ‎sciences that has spread widely during the period of Buyahids ‎domination. This science had a great impact on society at that time, due ‎to important factors one of them: awareness and maturity of the Islamic ‎schools of thought and doctrines that were prevalent in this period, the ‎most important of these doctrines that have emerged on the political and ‎religious scene in that period are Mu'tazila, Imami Shiites, and Ash'ari. ‎These doctrines have worked to develop this knowledge and expand it ‎through the debates that were taking place between the scholars and ‎jurists of these different doctrines, these scientific debates that took ‎place from time to time refers to the religious and intellectual tolerance ‎between these doctrines that represented the Baghdadi community in ‎that period, which led to the progress of the intellectual movement and ‎its prosperity significantly in spite of the bad political situation that the ‎country was going through.‎
‎ This research highlights the most prominent sciences of that ‎period, the science of discourse, that prevailed in Baghdad, and the ‎most important doctrines and the scholars who fought in it through ‎their writings, which were mostly responses to other writings that differ ‎with them in the opinion.‎

‎ The research dealt with the study of (Dawood ibn al-Husayn (d. ‎‎135 AH / 752 A.D) and his historical narratives on the time of the ‎Prophet Muhammad (PBUH)), and the choice of this subject for its ‎importance, as Dawood ibn al-Husayn is an important historical figures, ‎which played a distinct role in Islamic history. The research included ‎two topics that dealt with the first stories of the historical mission of the ‎Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) to the Prophet's migration, and the ‎second section of the historical accounts of the Prophet's migration until ‎the death of the Prophet (PBUH), and concluded the research with a ‎conclusion containing the most important findings of the research, and ‎most important sources references.‎

The city of Khujinda is one of the works of Fergana of the ‎Islamic cities or the province of the province beyond the river, but it ‎suffered from historical neglect as it did not receive sufficient attention ‎by researchers despite its leading role at the intellectual level, we find in ‎various regions of the Islamic world who is teacher or student attributed ‎to this city, and it seems that This is due to the small what was written ‎about‏.‏
‎ Hence, this research came to shed light on the historical roots ‎Khujinda in terms of naming and location, as well as economic ‎conditions and steps to open Islamically, while the last axis of the ‎research to show the progress and the translations of scientists and their ‎impact in the Islamic lands .‎

‎ The research deals with topic of the grammarian Ebraheem in ‎Mohammed Bin Arafa, known as Naftawaih ,The research focused on ‎two major points,Introducing the personality of the grammarian ‎Naftawaih, whose had a pioneering role in serving in the fields of ‎grammar, poetry and history through the contributions he narrated in ‎these fields ,Collecting and defining Naftawaih historic narrations ‎which are related to the information, obituaries and achievements ‎Abbasid Caliphs, from History of Baghdad book . This point also ‎includes categorizing the narrations in terms of content and topic, in ‎addition to authenticating them from other related resources .‎
The research also includes his biography ,(birth, name, origin, ‎upbringing , sheikhs and students, intellectual making, the opinions f ‎the scholars about him . It also includes his categories which he made ‎for different Islamic sciences .‎
The study also reviews all his historic narrations in the History ‎of Baghdad which had to do with information, works, and obituaries ‎of the Abbasid Caliphs. These narrations reflected his historical and ‎literary culture, his intellect, which made him one of the prominent ‎scholars in the era . ‎

‏ ‏The study included a historical follow-up to the Israeli testimonies ‎relating to the Arab-Israeli wars of the period(1948-1973),which were ‎drawn from personal memoirs of Israeli political and military leaders, as ‎well as historical studies and Israeli newspapers translated from ‎Hebrew‏.‏
‏ ‏Dealing with Israeli certificates requires the researcher to be ‎caution in documenting the information before reviewing it. the fact ‎that most Israeli leaders prepare counter propaganda image aimed at ‎weakening the opposite force achieving what is known as ‎‎"psychological defeat" therefore it is observed by reading the Israeli ‎personal memos for example it is emphasis on highlighting the Israeli ‎superiority in various fields and trying to show the other late in ‎civilization and technology, including military technology, and the ‎Israeli view justified every Israeli military aggression as a legitimate ‎duty to deter Arab excesses on the borders of the state of Israel, and that ‎such military operation are necessary to achieve the safe borders of ‎Israel‏ .‏

Political, academic, and preaching sermons have been established ‎in the minds of the Turkish people for their great efforts against the ‎invasion and occupation of the country by a number of countries of ‎reconciliation at the end of the First World War and beyond, through ‎speeches delivered on many occasions and in different directions, As ‎well as the services provided to Mustafa Kemal on the front lines of the ‎war of independence, and although a civilian citizen, but was ‎considered a war hero and won a military rank, during the war also ‎participated in the establishment of the Anatolia Agency and became its ‎director, wrote many books, novels and plays and translated for senior ‎Book in the world and many From works of cash, articles and speeches ‎of enthusiasm and participation in the world's best universities by ‎giving lectures, which transmitted the world through developments ‎after the founding of the Republic of Turkey modern‏.‏

After the end of the First World War in 1918, the victorious countries ‎Britain, France, Italy, Japan and the United States of America sought to ‎rearrange the international situations according to their own interests, as ‎soon those countries called for an international conference that started ‎its work in Paris at the beginning of 1919, and the countries that ‎Germany, which only severed diplomatic ties with it, fought without the ‎defeated and loyal states attending the war.
‎ The conference resulted in a series of treaties in which the countries ‎that lost the war were forced to sign, led by the Versailles Treaty on the ‎twenty-eighth of June 1919, which was imposed on Germany as the ‎main cause of the destruction that hit the European continent and the ‎world, and in view of the provisions of the Versailles Treaty that was ‎greater than Germany’s economic potential for compensation, ‎disarmament, the loss of its colonies and the appropriation of its lands, ‎especially for its rich in economic resources, soon emerged ‎international problems again when Germany was unable to fulfill its ‎international obligations to pay compensation with France’s endeavor ‎to weaken its neighbor Germany to ensure its security, contrary to For ‎Britain's policy to seek a state of international balance between the ‎banks of the Rhine and Germany to ensure that the latter does not excel ‎at the European level, this prompted the European parties, with the ‎support of the United States of America, to hold a series of international ‎conferences between (1920-1924), but without reaching satisfactory ‎results To all parties to the conflict, until the conference (the ‎International Security Charter) was held in Locarno, Switzerland 1925, ‎the subject of the study, which is considered the first step towards ‎international stability, because it is a guarantee of permanent security in ‎the view of France and a return to the international community in the ‎view of Germany and a collective endorsement of peace in the view of ‎Britain, so there has become a real desire among researchers to know ‎what took place between the negotiations among the participating ‎delegations, In light of what was mentioned by some Iraqi newspapers ‎‎(Alaistiqlal - the Arab world - The Baghdadian times - Almufid -‎Alfalah) that accompanies the time of the conference, which dealt with ‎the title of this study with interest and with some detail, especially since ‎many studies neglected many aspects of it or transferred a certain aspect ‎From the conference and neglected other aspects.‎

An attempt to uncover the urban and cultural heritage in the art of ‎planning and architecture of the Iraqi city, starting with the old Iraqi ‎city through the Iraqi city in the early Islamic times and assessing the ‎extent of communication and preservation of heritage and originality in ‎the planning and architecture of the Iraqi city through the past stations ‎and stages to the analysis of the landscape and urban planning of the ‎contemporary city Or in the direction of devising indicators that can be ‎a tributary and specific to city planners and designers in the formulation ‎of planning and urban models that represent the essence of originality ‎in line with modernity and contemporary‏.‏

One of the national security policy of countries is Cyber security, ‎many countries utilize their capacities that cyberspace provides for the ‎considerations of security and military strength in which makes it to be ‎included in its strategic calculations, the aim of this research is to study ‎the geopolitics of cyber security for the Gulf Cooperation Council states ‎as well as the most important owned pillars of cyber power by these ‎countries. The problem of this study is; do the GCC countries possess ‎the cyber power foundations that qualify them to adopt cyber deterrence ‎strategies in the face of cyber-attacks. The outcomes of this research ‎illustrate that the issue of cyber security has become a top priority for ‎the national security issues for the Cooperation Council countries due to ‎be safe from cyber threats, as can be realized that the high frequency of ‎cyber-attacks in addition to the enlarged war against the Gulf ‎Cooperation Council states through international information networks, ‎this lets it to face threat to their economic, political and military security

Al-Bayda,a city is located in the northeast of Libya, and it is one ‎of the most important cities of Jabal Al-Akhdar province due to its ‎geographical location and its population about 230.000 people, ‎extending from west to east with a length of about 6 km and width on ‎average 3.5 km with an area of 22 km2. The study aims to find out the ‎reasons and patterns of spatial distribution of the spread of random ‎dumpsites inside Al-Bayda,a city, and estimating the volume of solid ‎waste produced within the city, according to the information of the ‎population in 2018‎‏.‏
The researchers relied in the study on the quantitative and ‎analytical approach to collecting, classifying and analyzing data and ‎used the appropriate research tools by GPS and ArcGIS programs. The ‎study concluded that there are around 338 dump sites, classified into 6 ‎dump sites. Large landfills by 21%, small landfills by 37%, the other ‎for landfills reached 23%, and landfills near sewage rooms 2%, ‎demolition and construction dumps around 12%, and scrap dumps 4%, ‎and the number of containers in the city is 10 containers.‎

The drca of study suffers from the low level of efficiency ‎regardiuy health service indicators . This shows that the study area did ‎not reach what is required so as to meet the needs of the population . ‎Therefore, it can result to many social and economic problems in the ‎absence of a balance between services Health indicators that are ‎adopted in measurement and population .‎

This research dealt with an analytical study of the reality and ‎problems of production and marketing of the leap cement factory for ‎the period (1983-2014). And this is through three main axes that are ‎included in the research structure. Through an analysis of the indicators ‎of the reality of production and marketing of the factory during the ‎period (1983-2014), it became clear to us that a leap cement factory is ‎one of the export-oriented industries and had markets beyond the ‎borders of Anbar Governorate, especially before the occupation of Iraq ‎in April 2003 because of stability in the economic, political and security ‎terms During that period as well as supporting public sector projects ‎through investment allocations, however, production and marketing ‎quantities declined after the occupation of Iraq for political, economic ‎and security reasons and the prevalence of harmful administrative ‎corruption with a lack of planning.‎

This study is one of the descriptive field studies, which adopted the ‎study on the method of social survey sample through a questionnaire ‎distributed to (300) respondents and unregulated interviews, as well as ‎some eyewitnesses in order to identify the reality of Iraqi women during ‎the crisis of ISIS terrorist organization, And to diagnose the social ‎effects of the war against ISIS on the situation of women, so I reached ‎a set of results, the most prominent of which are:‎
‎1-The terrorist organization Daesh considers women and ‎children as a tool of war that helps him to legitimize his ideas and ‎implement his policies, when he exploited the sex of women as a tool of ‎psychological warfare, by terrorizing women and exploiting their ‎passion, which Arab societies are keen to protect it.‎
‎2-Deprive women of some personal practices, such as the ‎imposition of wearing the veil, and prevent women out without a ‎mahram, and keep them inside the home, and the application of special ‎sanctions against those who violate those laws.‎
‎3-A number of women have been involved in marrying a ‎member of the organization, with fake marriage contracts not ‎recognized by the Iraqi government, and now live in displacement ‎camps, with their children, outcasts by their families and communities

The research aims to identify the phenomenon of electronic extortion ‎and how to deal with it from the point of view of Anbar University ‎students, followed the descriptive analytical method that describes the ‎phenomenon, and was taken 20% as a sample of the research ‎community and reached (232 students)‎‏.‏
The scale of the item (63 paragraphs) was used in front of a ‎graduated five-point scale (5, 4, 3, 2, 1), and the validity and ‎consistency of the scale were achieved. The results of the research ‎supported all the paragraphs of the scale, believing in the importance of ‎the subject. The result of the negative use of the technology revolution

The current study aimed to present a brain-based proposed ‎perspective for developing the teaching performance of the forensic ‎science teachers in terms of the principles of the brain based learning in ‎Riyadh city. The study made use of the descriptive method, and utilized ‎a questionnaire as an instrument for collecting the study data. The study ‎was administered to a sample of forensic science secondary stage ‎teachers in Riyadh (totaling 304 teachers). The study participants were ‎categorized according to the variables of qualification and years of ‎experience. The results revealed that the level of teaching performance ‎of the Islamic science teachers in accordance with the principles of the ‎brain based learning came with an average degree. The dimension of ‎teaching performance planning came with an average degree while the ‎dimension of evaluation of teaching came with an average degree. The ‎dimension of implementation of the teaching performance came with a ‎low degree. The study developed a proposed vision to develop the ‎teaching performance of the forensic science teachers in the light of the ‎principles of brain-based learning‏.‏

The study aimed to identify the effectiveness of a training program ‎based on the learning model P5BL in the development of creative ‎teaching skills for teachers of Arabic language and teachers, and to ‎achieve the goal designed a training program includes topics in Arabic ‎grammar, and applied the research tool (note card) on the selected ‎research sample, which reached (30) teachers and teachers among the ‎teachers of Arabic language and its teachers, where the tool was applied ‎to the study sample tribal: (Achievement knowledge test in creativity ‎and creative teaching skills, and observation card), in order to identify ‎the availability of knowledge information in creativity and skills Reese ‎creative have, and dimension: (Achievement test knowledge in ‎creativity and creative teaching skills, and observation card), in order to ‎identify the differences between the pre and post application of the tool. ‎The results revealed that there were statistically significant differences at ‎the level (0.01) between the average scores of teachers 'achievement, ‎the average scores of teachers' achievement, and for the benefit of ‎teachers, in the test and observation card in the post application. The ‎results also resulted in the effectiveness of the training program in the ‎development of creative teaching skills in the axes (planning, ‎implementation and evaluation‏.‏

The present research aims to identify the impact of the strategy of ‎Scamper in the achievement of fourth grade students in the Qur'an and ‎Islamic Education. To achieve the goal, the research sample from fourth ‎grade students is consisted of (40) students distributed by (20) students ‎in each section. The researcher uses the achievement test to attain the ‎results of the research; and uses the Scamper strategy in teaching the ‎experimental group and the traditional method in teaching the control ‎group. Data are processed by appropriate statistical means (Spss), and ‎the results showed: ‎
There is a statistically significant difference between the ‎experimental group studying by (Scamper) strategy. The control group ‎which is taught in the usual way and for the benefit of the experimental ‎group, the calculated value of Man Whitney of (91) is smaller than the ‎schedule value of Man Whitney (138) at the significance level (0.05).‎
There is a statistically significant difference between the ‎average scores of the experimental group studying bythe (Scamper) ‎strategy and the average scores of the control group, which is taught in ‎the normal way in the skills of deep understanding and for the benefit ‎of the experimental group. The calculated value of Man Whitney of ‎‎(109.50) is smaller than the value of Man Whiteny (138) at the ‎significance level (0.05).‎

This research aims at identifying the system of applying the QR-‎code system for acquisition of chemistry by first class female students ‎studying at intermediate schools knowledge and its effect on creative ‎thinking. The research sample consisted of (63) female students in one ‎of the intermediate schools in Baghdad/Iraq using two equivalents ‎experimental and control groups. The scientific context used was based ‎on the chemistry text book related to the periodic table, (Metals) for the ‎first group of students and Alkaline metals,Nonmetals, Metalloides) for ‎the second group. The research methodology employed consisted of the ‎followings‏: ‏Measuring students acquisition using (35) issues. The ‎results were verified for their face validity and obtaining referees ‎agreement by (82%) and measuring the stability coefficient using ‎Cronbach’s Alpha formula which produced a (89%‎‏ .( ‏The second part ‎of the methodology was to measure the student’s creative thinking skill ‎using 5 part test as suggested by (sayed khair allah, 1981) and as ‎applied in many studies in Iraq. The test was verified by a group of ‎experts in psychology and teaching methods and the agreement on the ‎parts of the test was (92%) and after applying the test on the first ‎sample of students, the stability coefficient measured was (%84‎‏(‏
The results has shown a significance statistical difference in the ‎acquisition and creative thinking variables between the two research ‎groups in favour of the experimental group which used QR-code and ‎creative thinking in their classes‏.‏

This Research aimed to investigate the level of significance of ‎self-efficacy (effectiveness of self), psychological peace, and anxiety of ‎death among Arab adults, according to nationality and gender, in ‎addition to exploring the differences in these three variables. The ‎researcher prepared three measures that were applied to a sample of ‎‎(382) Arab adults from (Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Egypt, Syria and ‎Sudan). The most important results showed that there is a level of ‎positive statistical significance for each of the effectiveness of self, ‎psychological peace and negative statistical significance for anxiety of ‎death. Also, there was a level of significant difference for the three ‎variables according to nationality majority of which was the Saudi ‎nationality. There was no significance difference for the three variables ‎according to gender (male-female). The results concluded that the ‎relationship among the three variables varied and it has appeared that ‎there is no statistically significant relationship between self-efficacy and ‎psychological peace except for the relationship between self-efficacy ‎and death anxiety which is negative, whereas there was no statistically ‎significant correlation between psychological peace and death anxiety‏.‏

Childhood development and care is the primary factor in ‎comprehensive development, because today's children are the men of ‎tomorrow, and the matter is more important for children, and the matter ‎is even more important for children with special needs. The progress of ‎countries has been associated with the level of services provided to this ‎segment‏.‏
For the child, movement means a way of life, growth, ‎exploration ... and others through which he gets to know the ‎environment, and the growth of perception in general takes place, as ‎well as the growth of his cognitive, cognitive and motor abilities in ‎particular. Movement is the primary method for expressing feelings, ‎concepts, and about the self in general, as it is a remarkable physical ‎response to a stimulus, whether internal or external, and the most ‎important characteristic of it is the wide variety in its forms and ‎methods of performance. Their motor capabilities through the ‎environment and the appropriate place, especially since slow-learning ‎children have similar physical characteristics to normal children‏.‏
The most important results are: The educational bag prepared by ‎the researcher has succeeded in developing the sensory-kinesthetic ‎perception of slow-learning children‏.‏