magazine aldhakwat albedh

This research specialized in the phonetic lessons of utterances in the Al Bassed explanation of Al-Whahidi for two parts ( P.5 –P.6) and the phonetic lesson in the ancient and modern is one of the most important , most wonderful and accurate origin of Arabic science because it directly contacted the recitation of the holy Quran to adjust its performance and clarify its rules because of its meanings , rules and miracles . And Al Bassed explanation of Al-Wahidi considered a great heritage gems of beauty ,collector of science and meanings , good at words and sentences structure because of the phonetic sounds in the explanation of the wise verses ,so it amazed the students and linguists . They follow the linguistic phonetic ways silent and non –silent in difference , identification, Iqlab and Ialal. This unique book has been got a great attention from the Arabic language scholars , principally the Tajweed scholar , especially modernizers .they wrote special books of their phonetic researches because of its great meanings that we should know to understand them ,so I liked to get the honor of studying it .May Allah gran.

This study presents a comparative analysis of Imami jurisprudential texts through two applied case studies: Al-Mabsut by Shaykh al-Tusi and Urwat al-Wuthqa by Sayyid al-Yazdi. It reveals a clear evolution in juristic writing from the 5th to the 14th century AH, shifting from dialectical-argumentative style to a practical, direct approach. The research highlights the impact of foundational principles, textual sources, and scholarly contexts in shaping the structure of juristic discourse, and it identifies both methodological similarities and differences between the two works. Despite stylistic changes, the study affirms the continuity of methodological unity in the Imami tradition.

This research aims to explore ways of enhancing creative thinking among secondary school students through the integration of contemporary graphic design approaches with Kufic calligraphy, The study adopted both descriptive and experimental methodologies by analyzing design models that combine typographic aesthetics and digital innovation, Tools such as structured questionnaires and evaluation metrics were utilized to assess creative performance among the sample group, Findings reveal that incorporating Kufic script into modern graphic design significantly boosts visual awareness and creative capacity, Moreover, it provides a stimulating educational environment that bridges tradition with modern technology, The study recommends integrating graphic design principles within art education curricula and encouraging the use of Arabic calligraphy—especially Kufic—as a modern educational tool .

This study addresses the rulings of credit cards in Islamic jurisprudence and their impact on the protection of the financial consumer, through a comparative study with modern banking laws, given the importance of this topic in the contemporary economic reality and its close connection to financial transactions that affect the lives of individuals and institutions.
The study includes several topics, beginning with the definition of credit cards and their types, and the historical and technological development they have undergone. It then discusses the Islamic legal characterization of the credit card contract and explains its legal ruling. The study also examines consumer protection in the regulation of credit cards between Islamic legal rulings and Iraqi law, clarifying the modern banking legislations aimed at protecting the rights of cardholders from deception, exploitation, and usury, and comparing this with the Sharia regulations established by Islamic jurisprudence to achieve the interest of the financial consumer and protect him from harm.
Furthermore, the study addresses the challenges facing the use of credit cards and the opportunities available from both the Sharia and legal perspectives. The research has concluded with several findings and recommendations, the most prominent of which is the necessity of developing Islamic alternatives to conventional credit cards that comply with Sharia regulations, establishing precise legal frameworks to protect the financial consumer from unlawful practices, and emphasizing the importance of cooperation between jurists and legislators to achieve a balance between market requirements and Sharia regulations.

This study aimed to determine the attitude of teachers of “social subjects towards the appropriateness of ‘applying cognitive apprenticeships’ in the process of teaching in middle schools in Karbala Governorate, the level of challenges facing this, and the role of these challenges in the possibility of applying them, in light of the gender Specialization and experience of male and female teachers. adopting the analytical “description” approach, and applying a questionnaire on the suitability of applying: Apprenticeship: Cognitive and its challenges to (214) teachers and schools of “social” subjects. The results concluded that the “social subjects teacher’s attitude towards the appropriateness of the application of: cognitive apprenticeship is considered moderate and neutral, and the level of challenges in general is considered moderate, and the challenges of the educational environment appear high.” It was also shown that there is a negative role for the challenges in the teachers’ attitude toward the appropriateness of the cognitive “application of apprenticeship.” The teachers’ attitude also differs according to their gender and is in favor of female teachers, in specialization in favor of history, and in experience in favor of those with average experience between 5 to 10 years. It recommended that attention be given to: training teachers of social subjects on the mechanisms for implementing the strategy of “cognitive apprenticeship within the classroom” and providing them with the necessary “evidence” and means for that.

After the three good centuries, the Islamic nation went through difficult periods in which the bonds of Islam collapsed, one after the other, and its sword suffered an irreparable blemish, which almost broke it, except that God Almighty preserved this religion and supported Islam and the Muslims. It was necessary for Him to instill hope in souls and for this nation to rise The most violent of the breaches is the Mongol invasion of the Islamic Caliphate, whose sanctity was and still is the House of Peace, Baghdad. The Islamic nation was not afflicted with anything like the affliction of the Mongols, who spread corruption and injustice in the land, and its history did not know a barbaric, fierce, and hateful enemy like him. The title of the research was chosen again, and from this(The reality of the People of the Book before the Mongol invasion of Baghdad and their position on it), due to the lack of a previous study or specialized author that addressed the position of the People of the Book towards this invasion.

This research addresses the ongoing debate in Arabic grammar about the acceptance or rejection of various grammatical interpretations based on established rules and theories. The research focuses on analyzing the positions of grammarians and critics on whether certain grammatical interpretations should be accepted based on the original grammatical rule. Or it should be rejected for not being consistent with the correct interpretation of linguistic phenomena. It addresses the «grammarians›» point of view, i.e., the situation in which appropriate grammatical interpretations are found, and how academics interact with these interpretations.

The study aimed to identify the most important economic factors influencing reproductive health in the city of Shatrah. This research includes the most important economic determinants, represented by occupation, income level, housing, and the requirements for successful reproductive health, represented by family planning. Reproductive capacity varied among women in the study area, with housewives ranking first with an average number of (4) children out of the total sample, compared to female students and employees. Regarding income level, families with incomes between 400,000 and 799,000 ranked first with an average number of (5.5) children, compared to other income groups. A field study was used, and the data analyzed, which helped identify the most important economic factors influencing reproductive capacity, leading to their impact on family planning in the study area.

Comparative literature is the science of moving from one country to another, from one language to another, and from one form of expression to another. It is a systematic art that searches for relationships of similarity, kinship, and influence. It also seeks to bring literature closer together with other fields of expression and knowledge, as well as to bring literary phenomena and texts closer together, whether they are far apart or not, in time and place. But on the condition of belonging to multiple languages and cultures in order to reach a more accurate description, and in order to understand and taste it better. The American critic Henry Remack defined comparative literature: “Comparative literature is the study of literature beyond the borders of a particular country, and the study of the relations between literature on the one hand and other areas of knowledge and belief on the other hand.”
Also, the term (comparative literature) is not precise in its meaning, because comparative literature is a method of study and not creative literature, and the correct thing to say in the term is: (the comparative study of literature) or similar terms, but the term (comparative literature) has become widespread and popular. Among researchers for its lightness and ease.
Comparison between the literatures or writers of one linguistic group, or different linguistic groups. Study literary influences that transcend linguistic, gender, and political boundaries. Example: studying romanticism in different literatures.

This research sheds light on the historical relations between the two Asian countries, India and Indonesia, during a significant historical period for both countries, namely the period from 1945 to 1967. This is particularly true given that both countries were subject to colonial rule. After colonial rule, the leaders of these two countries were among the most prominent leaders after World War II, and their influence in the East Asian region.

This study explores the narrative technique of breaking the horizon of expectation in lnaam kachaji›s novel The American Granddaughter, grounded in the theoretical framework of reception theory. It aims to analyze how the novel employs this technique to create narrative surprise and to deconstruct notions of identity, heroism, and official national discourse through multiple voices and structural shifts. The research concludes that breaking the horizon of expectation is not merely an aesthetic device but a critical strategy that reshapes the relationship between the text and the reader, opening new interpretative spaces reflecting the complexities of. Contemporary identity and cultural conflicts.

Educators have continually attempted to reconstruct the process of human creation at this time, but they have not achieved that success, particularly in Arab countries, which have adopted Western educational methods based on materialism. Despite attempts to emphasize the cultivation of a well-rounded personality, these attempts have remained unable to address the spiritual aspects. And the human conscience, this materialistic tendency led him to sever his humanity and throw himself into the mud of materialism, which made him lose his humanity and swept him away from the goals for which he was built and the life that the Creator designed for him.

This work examines the impact of the Arab environment on establishing the value of generosity as an inevitable response to an arid environment that imposed patterns of solidarity. The research demonstrates that pre-Islamic people did not embrace generosity by choice, but rather submitted to the conditions of geography, which made giving a necessity for survival. This geography also contributed to shaping a collective consciousness that considered generosity a guarantee of continuity in the face of danger. Through an analysis of poetic texts, it was proven that generosity was an established, not an incidental, value, generated by the environment and reproduced by culture.

John Ford is a controversial playwright due to the subjects he deals with such as the conflict between individual passion and conscience and moral and the laws of society, his heroes are often extremist and unstable characters. “Tis Pity She`s A whore “is one of his tragic plays which has a very unusual subject, it tells about incestuous relationship between a well-educated talented brother and his beautiful sister. Despite the strangeness of the subject, the play was very much liked by people and the king Charles himself. Ford does not depict the protagonist as a villain rather he presents him as a tragic hero who fell in a forbidden love with his sister which leads to his destruction.

This study aims to explore and analyze the pragmatic strategies used in everyday conversations across different Arabic dialects, focusing on the similarities and differences in the ways speakers express their communicative purposes. The study relies on a descriptive and analytical approach, as data were collected from samples of spontaneous conversations in natural environments, including dialects from various regions, such as the Iraqi, Egyptian, Levantine, Gulf, and Maghrebi dialects. The study addresses pragmatic strategies such as allusion, flattery, sarcasm, and indirect negotiation, while analyzing the role of social and cultural context in shaping these patterns. Initial findings indicate that Arabic dialects share some general pragmatic rules based on common cultural values, but they differ in application and expression depending on the social and regional environment.
The study highlights the importance of these differences in understanding the communicative dynamics among Arabic speakers. It also sheds light on the challenges of communication between different dialects. It concludes with the need for practical application in areas such as simultaneous translation, teaching Arabic to non-native speakers, and promoting cultural understanding in the Arab world.

Syria had a nuclear program while not launching a nuclear program in the Middle East. This occurred after a contract with North Korea, brokered by Iran, following the outbreak of the Second Gulf War in 1991. The first missile arsenal arrived in Syria from North Korea in February 1991. The draft agreement was renewed for a second time during the funeral of then-Syrian President Hafez al-Assad, as secret negotiations took place between the three countries in Damascus.

This study explores the role of the preacher Abu Abdullah nicknamed by many titles the most important and famous of which is the Shiite, whose name was associated with spreading the doctrine of Ahl al-Bayt with its Ismaili branch in the Maghreb. Perhaps, the most important reason for tackling this topic is to highlight the role of Abu Abdullah in the establishment of the Fatimid state and the lifting of injustice against this important historical figure and due to the lack of historical writings against him. Since this man gained great importance and wide as he was able and with self-efforts and limited reliance on his intelligence and wisdom to be the reason for the establishment of the Fatimid state. This owes the Ismaili doctrine and the existence of a strong state that rules the Islamic world at that time, which is the Abbasid state in Baghdad. As his roles later became clearly defined, and he succeeded in that matter with unlimited success, as most of the inhabitants of Morocco and North Africa embraced the Ismaili doctrine and was able to impose his influence on most of the cities of Morocco and condemned their inhabitants to the Ismaili school and gave them safety and entered his emerging state many followers and lovers, so that the Fatimid state is the second Shiite state in the Maghreb after the study and expanded its borders to include Egypt. This caller is an important reason for establishing the Fatimid state, which was founded in (297) A. H. in the Maghreb and moved to Egypt in 358 and ruled. to continue its rule for nearly two centuries. during which fourteen Fatimid caliphs

This research aims to highlight the linguistic aspects mentioned by Al-Ayni in his book (Al-Maqasid Al-Nahwiyah fi Sharh Shawahid Shuruh Al-Alfiyah). Phrases such as «from two aspects,» «there are two aspects,» and «the answer to it from two aspects» are frequently repeated in it. I therefore wanted to highlight these aspects and compare them to the statements of scholars who preceded and came after him So I started with a brief introduction in which I mentioned the author›s name, lineage, and nickname, along with his works. I didn›t elaborate on him at length because he is very well known and does not need further introduction. Then the research was divided into two sections: the first was what came in two forms in terms of language, and the second was what came in two forms in terms of grammar. Then I concluded with the most important results, followed by a mention of the sources..

Islam surrounded women with the utmost care they received that they did not receive in any other religion. It took care of them, preserved them, and took into account their needs, desires, and rights. Among these desires and rights is their right to beautify and beautify themselves. Adornment in a woman’s resourcefulness is linked to her, it is innate to her, and she may be fond of it.
The importance of the topic is learning about the rulings on adornment from the perspective of Islam, the need of Muslim women to learn the rulings on the adornment that they practice in their lives, the ignorance of many Muslim women regarding the rulings on adornment and their keeping pace with innovation in the field of adornment and the ruling on its use, and the West’s interest in women’s adornment is evidence of their conquest of the Islamic world through women, openness to the world and imitation of others without hesitation or bias.

In this research, we will address the limits of a son›s obedience to his parents. We will also address several issues in some of the rulings regarding a son›s interactions with his parents. We will also present the opinions of jurists on this matter, citing hadiths that clarify the limits of a son›s obedience to his parents.
We will review the hadiths in this regard, and then demonstrate the jurists› benefit from these hadiths. We will present the opinions of the jurists regarding the chains of transmission of the basic hadiths and the jurists› practice of them, taking into consideration any conflicts and their resolution, if any. This research will be presented in several topics.

The religious experience is the confrontation with God and His revelation, and also the taste of being in His presence. The religious experience is internal and cannot be reached with sensory tools and means. Each person derives his understan ding from himself and his on eistence. Schleiermacher considered it a feeling of dependence on the absolute, while James describedit as a drect individual emotional state. Soroush focused on it as a living relationship between man and the absolute. Mlkan believed that it achieves tranquility and contentment, that is, it aims at spiritual reasurance.

The Lebanese issue، which became apparent after the entry of the French into Lebanon، it has roots beyond that. After the mandate، the Christian will imposed its character on the Greater State of Lebanon، ignoring the full rights of the Islamic community. The role of Maronite Patriarch Elias Howayek was clear in the formation of that entity. Especailly، since he live nearlly (90) years، from (1843-1931) which are characterized by significant political، economic and social changes in the area of Mount Lebanonin in particular ، and Lebanon in general. He spent 32 years (1899-1931) in the Maronite Patriarchate. He had a distinguished role in Lebanese communications and established direct relations with French leaders. More than a official French expressed their great respect shown by the French leadership toward the Patriarch because of his service to the French policy which contributed to the installation of their influence in Lebanon.

This research aims to shed light on the impact of Arabic linguistic sciences -such as grammar (nahw), morphology (ṣarf), rhetoric (balāgha), semantics (dalāla), and Qur’anic readings (qirāʾāt)- on the development of jurisprudential disagreements among scholars of the Islamic schools of thought. Since the religious texts were revealed in clear Arabic, they can only be understood and legal rulings derived from them through the precise tools of the Arabic language. Differences in the interpretation of grammatical structures, variations in syntactic analysis, the diversity of morphological forms, and the use of figurative language such as metaphor and metonymy have led to multiple legal readings of a single text. Additionally, the variance in word meanings, rhetorical interpretations, and the multiplicity of Qur’anic readings have all contributed to the divergence of juristic opinions and the differing understandings of legal rulings among scholars.Accordingly, the study demonstrates how discrepancies in scholars’ mastery of Arabic sciences and the differences in their methodologies of applying them have led to significant variations in legal opinions and deductions, even when derived from the same religious text. The divergence, therefore, was not due to conflicting objectives but rather due to the diversity in linguistic comprehension and analytical tools. Thus, the research highlights the importance of a systematic and scholarly engagement with Arabic linguistic sciences as a foundational approach to understanding the roots of jurisprudential disagreements and as a means of bridging the gaps between the various Islamic schools of thought.

The Iraqi Turkmen are part of the Muslim Turkmen people who now live in Turkmenistan and neighboring areas of Central Asia and Syria. Like their Arab and Kurdish compatriots, the Turkmen are divided along religious or sectarian lines. Some of those living in the areas of Tal Afar, Daquq, Tuz Khurmatu, and Qara Tapa are Shiite, while the majority of those living in Kirkuk, particularly in the areas of Altun Kupri and Kifri, are Sunni. This sect practiced its rituals, customs, and traditions within Iraqi society as a normal part of life until the outbreak of World War I and its aftermath. This sect exerted pressure on the British Mandate government, to which Iraq was subjected under the partitions of San Remo and Versailles, which placed Iraq under British mandate.

This research explores the jurisprudential domain within Islamic thought and its foundational role in establishing the science of future foresight as derived from the Holy Qur’an, the Noble Sunnah, and the statements of the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them). The study is structured into two main sections: the first one is the concept of Ma›āl (the ultimate outcome or consequence) and its connection to future foresight, while the second discusses its legitimacy and authoritative basis. The research concludes with a summary of the key findings, followed by a comprehensive list of sources and reference