AL-Mawrid Journal

The introduction (Diwan Al-Lizomiat) to Abul Ala Al-Maari, rich in his opinions, rich in his looks, in which he talked about (necessity of rhymes) of (letters and animations), and the defects of violating them, as he talked about the issue (the necessity of what is not necessary) in it, and he referred to some (errors in the classification of rhymes and indexed), and the provisions of some of their own letters, so this introduction was a reference for scholars after him.
The "four publications of the Diwan" relied on a manuscript later than its original, so it contained vague sentences, incomplete paragraphs, and several positions of correction and distortion.
In view of the importance of this introduction, I have seen its re-paleography separate from the Diwan - on a (high precious copy), which was not adopted in its previous bulletins, a paleography that I hope will be created by it and its owner.

In this research, we sought to paleography a manuscript (the Makama of the traveler supplies), in which its author Fathallah bin Alwan Al-Kaabi Al-Qabbani dates the events that took place in Basra during the reign of its ruler Hussein Pasha bin Afrasyab, and we also highlight the Emirate of Kaab, to which the author belongs, its political role in that era and its most important media and authors.

This research is intended to simplify a descriptive and analytical study of a newly issued book entitled (Jurisprudence of paleography: From Workmanship to Science), which was issued in this year (2023 AD), and its author wanted to develop assets to move the paleography from workmanship to be a science that has its peculiarities.
The research began with a historical overview of the efforts made in developing the literature (paleography) and its historical depth in our Arab heritage.
Then the research moved to the descriptive study of the paper of the book subject of the lesson, determine the chapters of the book, and the number of pages of each chapter above the geography of the papers.
He then produced a detailed study of each chapter separately, so he stood at its terminology, and showed the effort of the classifier in separating the terminological entanglements in each chapter of it.
At the end of the research, he took an evaluative review of the objectively recorded evaluation and what he saw of the positive features and other than that stood by the author of these lines.

There are famous figures in the Arab heritage who have abbreviated important books that have provided great benefits to the reader and those who intend to achieve a book in our time, so he makes the abbreviation in front of him review it and derive from it the information that corrects the verified book or adds to it. There are abbreviations that are useful in discussing the attribution of a book to its author, such as the abbreviations of the book of the eye, There are abbreviations of large volumes such as the History of Damascus, the Book of Songs and the Hamdouni Ticket, written by Ibn Manzur, and commented on some of them or added. These abbreviations enrich the contemporary investigator. Abbreviationists deliberately cancel the chains of transmission or abbreviate the text. There are abbreviations whose owners completed the information that the author missed, and thus the abbreviations provide great benefits to the investigator in evaluating the origin of the book and fixing what fell from it.

In the later ages of the Abbasid state, two phenomena emerged in the composition: collection and transmission.
The first left what is known as encyclopedias. The second opened the door to literary thefts. Through the encyclopedias that preserved the Arab heritage, the remembrance books appeared. They are transmitted restrictions that are not controlled by an officer, in which the exhortation stands on the side of scientific interest, as well as personal experience, and these books covered language, jurisprudence, history and literature, as well as anecdotes. Among its bloggers, Ibn Jinni (d. 392 AH) and Makki Ibn Abi Talib (d. 438 AH).....etc.
As for the Hamduniya remembrance, it is for Ibn Hamdoun (Muhammad bin Al-Hassan) d./562 AH, a virtuous sheikh with knowledge of literature and writing. achieved d. Ihsan Abbas and Bakr Abbas The remembrance is for ten volumes that contain fifty chapters, except for the two chapters (49/50), which the investigators did not publish. The ancients praised the remembrance and others kept it.

The paleography of the text of the book or manuscript, the most important element of the process of the paleography of manuscripts, and what is meant by the text paleography of the book is to honestly perform the book as developed by its author in quantity and quality as much as possible, as the paleography of the text does not mean improvement or correction, but it is the integrity of performance required by the integrity of history, the body of the book judged the author, and judged his era and environment, which are historical considerations that have their sanctity, and that kind of behavior is an aggression against the author, who has the sole right to switch and change.
Most of the texts of popular literature are rarely available in one copy, as the research sought to reveal the manifestations that dealt with the paleography of the written popular text, and how the official culture dealt with the popular text in the field of text paleography, and did it subject it to its contexts?.

This is a paleography of Al-Ansari's book in the interpretation of the Almighty's saying: "When God took the covenant of the two prophets... Verse) by its author (Ahmed bin Ruhollah bin Nasser al-Din Ghiyath al-Din bin Siraj al-Din, al-Ansari, deceased: 1008 AH) I have made a paleography to this valuable message in accordance with the basics of the approved paleography

One of the revealed investigations of manuscripts is the narrations left behind by the contrast between the copies of the same book, and the resulting difference in readings in the same place.
The weighting of the appropriate word for its place in the event of a conflict requires controls on which the investigator relies to choose what is likely to be the author's word. For this reason, this study that I conducted on the manuscripts of the book (Al genie Al danie in the letters of meanings) by Al-Muradi in 749 AH, whose material was matched on eleven manuscripts that were the original relied upon.
According to them, the selection controls were developed, and issued with a prelude to speech on the stages that the investigator goes through until the interview, and two sections: the first in the irregularities that are repeated are the same in manuscripts. The second is in the different versions that are not used to being repeated in the manuscripts of other books.

This research discusses the proportion of (32) hadiths from the book of Tirmidhi, found in the verified text of the bulletin of the Mustafa Al-Babi Al-Halabi Press by Sheikh Ahmed Shaker and others, and this sample was chosen by the study, because the paleographer of the next book of that bulletin referred to, which is Dr. Bashar Awad Maarouf, has denied its attribution to the Imam Tirmidhi book, and the transfer of these hadiths from the framework of the verified text to his footnote, a reference to the invalidity of their attribution to the Tirmidhi book, and this research resulted in (27) hadiths From these hadiths it is true relative to the book with a set of evidence and clues, the most important of which are:
1) The significance of the sheikhs contained in its chains.
2) The stylistic significance of some of the formulas that came in the study sample and the book.
3) Its presence in some written copies of the book of Imam Tirmidhi.
4) The possibility that these hadiths are from a novel other than the famous Mahboubi novel.
5) The possibility that one of the scribes confused two novels in one copy.
6) The absence of a text from the advanced scholars denying its attribution to the Tirmidhi book.
The search for inference of the manuscripts of the many Sunan to prove the validity of these hadiths was presented to the book, because Dr. Bashar did not accept the existence of these hadiths in the later versions such as the copy of Sheikh Muhammad Abed Al-Sindi, so the research was forced to infer the validity of internal evidence in these hadiths, such as inference of sheikhs, stylistic fingerprint, verbal crises, and so on, and the research calculates that this convinced the reader of unloading the images of the Sunan manuscripts that the Nafi has a strong argument, which is the absence of these hadiths in the masterpiece of supervision For Imam Al-Mazi.

The modern era has witnessed a major renaissance in the field of achieving Arabic manuscripts, which resulted in the revival of many of the treasures of our scientific heritage, and the efforts of Arab and other investigators included what we have reached from complete manuscripts known and correct relative to their authors, as well as care for a crowd of manuscripts of high scientific and historical value that were hit by illusions of transmission and copying errors so that they became unknown author. The results of the investigators' efforts in rooting unknown manuscripts and documenting their attribution to their authors varied between conciliation and negligence, according to the invocation of objective elements that pave the way to achieve the intended goal. We have presented in this research an experience that is almost one of the most important experiences of investigators in inferring the title of the unknown manuscript and documenting its attribution to its author, is the manuscript that ended the search of those who searched in the fact attributed to two results, the first: it represents the book (difference) by Abu Ubaidah Muammar bin Muthanna al-Timi, The other: it represents the book (difference) by Abu Hatim Sijistani, and the research concluded to prove the error of the two ratios, and then try to infer the original ratio of the author of the unknown manuscript.

The book (The adornment of the age in mentioning the merits of the people of the era) is one of the books of authentic translations that were translated for the poets of the Abbasid era, and its work was approved by Abu Al-Ma'ali Saad bin Ali Al-Hathiri Al-Warraq (d. 568 AH) in its inking, and included the poets of his time, who mentioned them many pieces, And some of them are on their collections. The book was published by Mr. Ibrahim Saleh, from Dar Malameh in Sharjah, 2021, in 592 pages, with its useful detailed indexes, and it was investigated on a manuscript located in the Hagia Sophia Library in Istanbul, No. 4242.
Despite the great efforts made by the paleographer in his paleography, there are critical observations that have emerged about him, including with regard to the introduction that he dubbed, and some with regard to the text of the paleography itself. We have tried in the pages of this research to evaluate the Al-Manad of his texts, some of which seemed troubled in reading, or a defect in weight, or rotation on the two parts, as well as the comments of the paleographer of illusions and missed in the lack of reference to important sources and effort, and other issues raised. This research, which falls under the section of (criticism of the investigation) - has explored its depths and minutes - sought to correct the various errors that have been monitored, and to fill the deviation from the right, so that the researchers and paleographers who acquired it are aware of the correct and sound, and avoid them.

Mr. Muhammad Mahdi Al-Khorasan is one of the pioneers of the seminary, and a link between the ancients and contemporaries, and an encyclopedia of history, biographies, hadith, men, deaths and antiquities, his name spread and spread his reputation in the scientific community, and other fields in which his talent, erudition and abundance of knowledge emerged is the field of text paleography.
The efforts of the scholar Mr. Al-Khorasan in the science of text paleography is correct to be a stand-alone school, as he is not satisfied with dusting off the paleography of the book and publishing it, but is concerned with it with great care, and then adds to it the breadth of his knowledge to be the second author of the paleography of the book, and thus the benefit prevails.
The researcher dealt with the biography of Mr. Al-Khorasan and knew his paleographers and revealed his approach to their paleography, then dealt with the efforts of Mr. Al-Khorasan in criticizing the paeographers, and the researcher reached a set of results mentioned in the conclusion of the research.