The islamic college university journal

Abstract:-
The media discourse of Al-Ahd satellite channel towards the US occupation of Iraq in 2003 reflected a set of opinions and positions, by addressing the different aspects of the impact of the presence of US forces in Iraq, especially its causing human losses among the Iraqi people, its contribution to fueling sectarian strife, and complicating the political and security situation in Iraq. Al-Ahd channel's discourse sought to form an Iraqi public opinion to reject the presence of US forces on Iraqi territory. The research reached a number of results, the most prominent of which are: The channel highlighted the role of Iraqi political action in removing US forces from Iraq, and that the representatives of the people in the Iraqi parliament are the ones who decide to remove these forces, and that the Iraqi resistance holds firm principles in rejecting the presence of US forces on Iraqi territory, and that it is determined to remove them by peaceful means or by force. The Popular Mobilization Forces are a force to be reckoned with, and have been a source of concern for US forces in Iraq, and that the actions of US forces in Iraq are the actions of an invading and occupying state. The most important recommendations of the researcher are: the importance of activating censorship of the media, and setting specific standards in dealing with news related to the presence of US forces in Iraq. The Iraqi government media focuses on the agreements concluded by the Iraqi government and the American government, so that the media, especially the Iraqi satellite channels, can obtain their information from them.

Abstract:-
The Arab wife is not granted in personal status laws in general, and in Islamic religious legislation, the right to divorce, neither alone nor jointly with the husband. Her marriage is eternal, and she cannot get out of it except with great difficulty, and in ways that get her into the corridors of the courts and Sharia offices and the interventions of the family and perhaps the clan and mediation and the payment of huge sums of money And great efforts, while the husband has this right easily and easily, without asking in most cases the reason for that, because marriage is depicted in the Muslim society Although he is the owner of the institution of marriage, he owns it by paying money to the woman to enter into a contract that does not burden the husband with the burdens of continuity.
Society imagined that since the husband paid money to establish this entity, he does not waste his money, and the wife, since she received money, she will want to separate and take the money for free, making the husband the owner of the infallibility. In dissolving this institution at any time, because all the products of this institution after its formation will be registered in the name of the husband, including the children.
The study will be jurisprudential in Islamic doctrines and follow the descriptive approach, to reach how to come up with a fair law for the Muslim wife who enters a contract that she cannot get out of, to make her a prisoner of laws that make her a slave in an institution that must be based on affection.

Abstract:-
The features of the working class in Iran are taking shape according to their logical justifications, as trade unions are still registering a presence within Iranian society, and their features have become apparent in the main cities, especially in the cities of Azerbaijan or northwest Iran, influenced to a large extent by the cross-border labor movement between Russia and Iran. The intellectual and organizational structure in Iran was the product of the difficult pains of the tyrannical conditions of the Qajar rulers, and the colonialism of Russia and Britain, but it guided them to ways and activities that lead them to a class with a full presence in the fields opposed to those who surrendered to British interests in terms of monopoly, restrictions of ownership and privileges, they provided indications of their political maturity. The social and bourgeois relations in their relations, the revival of their production and private property, their study of European literature, and the departure of representatives of the national bourgeoisie and bearers of enlightenment ideas after Baku opened its doors to their liberation ideas and movements. And the study of the growing situation there will not be complete without explaining the following pivotal points:

Abstract:-
The study of legends is considered one of the most important trends in modern literary and linguistic criticism. Based on this theory, there is no independent text, and all texts are in fact the result of a process of interaction and dealing between them and previous or contemporary texts. Legends are present in modern literary texts and are considered a manifestation of intertextuality. The legend is defined as a model that can be repeated. Our poet used (The Legend of Tammuz) in his poetry, employing it to express the modern global reality, especially the fate of the Arab nation. These issues were given broad dimensions through his invocation of symbols indicating death and life in his poetry in various forms in content and form. Our study seeks to answer the main question:
How did the poet employ life and death in the legend to express contemporary Arab meanings and issues? For this reason, we sought to study this legend based on the descriptive analytical approach.
The most prominent results of this research are: understanding the meaning of death and life, their parallel presence, and recreating the legend and integrating it with legends and historical, literary and cultural concepts in order to create new meanings and draw the reality of Arab societies.

Abstract:-
The Islamic community during the era of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) witnessed a radical change in their behavior and lives, which led to a change in lifestyle from slavery and selling female slaves in the slave market to equality between the classes of the Islamic community and spreading justice, equality, brotherhood, and unity among Muslims until God completed the blessing and perfected the religion for the Islamic nation until the death of the Prophet Muhammad (PBU). This occurrence was the first ordeal Muslims faced, and the nation's conflict became obvious in the succession of the Messenger (PBUH) and the leadership of the Islamic state, as well as the premise for selecting the caliphs. This situation was a genuine test for the followers.

Abstract:-
The mention of Massalib(shortcomings) among the Arabs goes back to the ancient tradition of Mofakhereh(mention of honorable matters) and Monafereh(mention of hateful matters). Ethnic and tribal fanaticism was the most important reason. After Islam, despite its prohibition by the Noble Prophet(PBUH), writing and publishing about Massalib continued. This was fueled by various ethnic, religious, political, and social reasons and motives. One of the most important motives for the continuation and spread of Arab's Massalib among literature works is the issue of racial discrimination, which in the second and third centuries led to the emergence of Shu'ubiyya among the Ajams(non-Arabic people), especially the Iranians. Shu'ubiyya, who did not despair of any action against the Arabs, also resorted to cultural work. Among their cultural measures was spreading negative words about Arabs (Arab's Massalib). Some of the Shu'ubiyya knew the power of literature, and by attending to it, they wrote books about Arab's shortcomings. This article aims to identify the role of Shu'ubiyya in spreading the shortcomings of the Arabs using the historical method of research and collecting information using the library research method.

Abstract:-
The article focused on studying the role of narrations in interpreting the Holy Quran, through analyzing how interpreters used the narrations of the Prophet, the narrations of the Companions, and the Followers to explain the meanings of Quranic verses. We discussed the types of narrations, focusing on the authentic, good, and weak narrations, and how they affect the interpretation of Quranic texts. The article reviews the approach of major interpreters, such as Ibn Kathir, al-Tabari, al-Qurtubi, and al-Zamakhshari, using narrations to interpret the Quran, and explains the differences between their approaches and the challenges they faced in dealing with multiple and contradictory narrations. We also discussed the impact of Israelite narrations and narrations from the Book on the interpretation of the Quran, and the extent to which scholars accepted or rejected these narrations. We concluded that narrations constitute an essential part of the process of interpreting the Quran, but they require careful criticism and careful analysis to ensure their accuracy and validity. It emphasizes the importance of combining the Quranic text, authentic narrations, and reason in interpreting Quranic verses to reach a correct and comprehensive understanding of the Quranic text. Interpreting the Qur’an through narrations is one of the main methods in the science of interpretation, as narrations play a pivotal role in clarifying the meanings of verses, clarifying the historical context of revelation, and explaining ambiguous texts. We will discuss several main topics, including: Prophetic narrations (Prophetic Hadiths): These are the authentic hadiths narrated from the Prophet Muhammad, may God bless him and grant him peace. Narrations of the Companions: What was transmitted from the Companions in interpretation of the Qur’an. Narrations of the Followers: What was transmitted from the Followers in interpretation of the Qur’an. And the methods of the interpreters: Al-Tabari: Relied extensively on narrations, especially the narrations of the Companions and Followers, relying on the chain of transmission to verify the authenticity of the narration. Ibn Kathir: He was distinguished by his use of Prophetic narrations and interpreting the Qur’an through the Qur’an, and he was also interested in correcting the hadiths. Al-Qurtubi: He combined jurisprudential and linguistic narrations in his interpretation, while being careful in accepting the narrations. Al-Zamakhshari: He used narrations to explain the eloquence and linguistic style of the Qur’an, with his tendency towards Mu’tazila.

Abstract:-
Tawfiq al-Hakim was creative in his plays to the point that he was considered one of the most important pioneers of plays in Arabic literature. The play "Soft Hands" was one of his most important plays, as it was distinguished by the diversity and depth of its characters. The features of the characters in this play can be summarized by the diversity of its characters in terms of social classes, backgrounds and goals, which makes each character represent a specific category in society. His characters are also distinguished by psychological depth and complexity, as each character reflects their internal conflicts and transformations throughout the events. Given the importance of this play, we sought in this article to shed light on the element of characters in this play through the descriptive analytical approach.
The research concluded with a result that the characters of Tawfiq al-Hakim's play reflected the social, psychological and moral conflicts faced by members of society, which makes them susceptible to sympathy and contemplation. We also see some characters in Tawfiq al-Hakim's plays develop and change over the course of events, as the character may change depending on the circumstances and challenges they face. Some characters in the play carry a special symbolism that expresses a certain idea or represents a certain intellectual trend within society. In general, his characters were divided into several types: the central, secondary, historical, fictional, human, and realistic characters, which indicated the artistry in drawing different characters. These are the most important general features of the characters in Tawfiq al-Hakim's plays. Keywords: character, play, soft hands, and Tawfiq al-Hakim.

Abstract:-
This research deals with a type of communication, which is here non-linguistic communication. Communication is of two types, linguistic and non-linguistic, which means body language and its role in expressing expressive and emotional states in writers, especially the Algerian writer Ahlam Mosteghanemi. The research came in an introduction and four sections, the first is the concept of the body and body language and what is meant by it technically and in use in the novel, the second section: the importance of body language in the Arab novel and especially in the novel Memory of the Flesh, the third section: means of physical expression and body morphology in the novel Memory of the Flesh, the fourth section: the centrality of body language in the two main characters in the novel Memory of the Flesh, then came the conclusion and a list of sources and references that were used in this research.

Abstract:-
The poetry of the pre-Islamic period is a colorful picture of the life of the Arabs of the pre-Islamic period, in which it depicts the aspects of their lives. That is why pre-Islamic poetry is called the Arab Diwan because it is a complete mirror of primitive life. Similarities and semantic affinities in the poetry of this period are very frequent, so that the pre-Islamic poet sometimes directly adapted a verse or verses from another poet or spoke on similar themes and topics. In this article, the author, relying on the first volume of the Majani al-Hadith, which is considered one of the most important sources of pre-Islamic poetry, has investigated it and has used a descriptive-analytical method based on the components of thatir and tahsin in the poems of the poets of this period. The author also seeks to show the frequency of verbal and semantic similarities in the poetry of this period. After the study, it became clear that the pre-Islamic poets, considering the conditions and environment in which they lived, communicated with each other in various ways and were intentionally or unintentionally influenced by each other and the nature around them, and as a result, the conditions governing their living environment caused them to be influenced and create verbal and semantic similarities. Among them, the description of the camel has the most type of influence, which the poet mentioned as a savior in times of difficulty and used to remove his sadness and grief. The studies also showed that not only the description of the camel but also other topics show the category of influence and impact. The story of wild bulls, dogs and hunters, which has a special effect in pre-Islamic poetry, was well addressed by poets such as Labid, Najgha, and even Alqamah, and they looked at this issue from different and almost similar angles. Not only do the affected people speak to each other in this space, but this influence is seen in most of the elements of his poem because the environment in which he lives unconsciously pushes him in the direction that others in that environment are also moving in.

Abstract:-
Examining the nature of apostasy and the doubts related to it are among the challenging discussions in jurisprudence. In this study, after briefly explaining apostasy and its rulings, the authors analyze the crime of apostasy and the necessary requirement of religion in defining the nature of apostasy. They conclude that although the Islamic Penal Code of Iran does not specify the crime of apostasy and its punishment, it is nevertheless considered a crime and will be punished severely according to Article 167 of the Constitution. In light of this principle, the judiciary is obliged to try to find the ruling on any legal issue in the codified laws, and if it cannot find it, it must issue a ruling on the case by citing reliable Islamic sources or reliable fatwas. It cannot refuse to address legal issues and issue a ruling on the pretext of silence, deficiency, brevity, or conflict in the codified laws. Also, although the Holy Quran only refers to the hereafter punishment for apostasy and does not mention worldly punishments such as execution and life imprisonment for apostasy, it should be kept in mind that the Quran usually only discusses general issues about the rulings and leaves the minor and detailed issues to the Prophet and his successors, peace be upon him. Therefore, the fact that the worldly punishment for the crime of apostasy is not mentioned in the Quran does not mean that apostasy will not result in worldly punishment, but rather, jurists are unanimous in punishing the apostate based on reliable narrations in this regard. Also, the essentials of religion are religious rulings and beliefs that have been proven to be self-evident by the lawgiver, and are generally divided into two categories: essential rulings and essential beliefs. Cases such as the obligation of prayer, fasting, and zakat are examples of essential rulings of religion, and belief in the monotheism and prophethood of the Holy Prophet (PBUH) are also considered essential beliefs of religion. Belief in the resurrection is not an essential part of religion, and leaving it does not constitute apostasy as long as it does not constitute a departure from monotheism and the prophethood of the Holy Prophet (PBUH). Also, the essential denial of religion only constitutes a departure from religion, not from Islam, and consequently, as long as it does not constitute apostasy, it does not constitute apostasy.

Abstract:-
The field of Islamic law includes a wide range of Islamic judicial system and practical jurisprudence issues, which is a topic that has been discussed and analyzed from different perspectives by theologians, jurisprudents, and jurists. Although throughout history, the Sunnah in its broad sense (saying, doing, and reporting) has been relied upon to confirm or deny the religious coverage of some individual and social issues, most of the arguments have relied on the verbal Sunnah, while the practical and reporting Sunnah have often been neglected. The main problem of this research is to determine the rational foundations in the field of Sharia from the perspective of Shiite jurists. Studying the opinions of jurists in this period is of great importance, as great Muslim jurists and thinkers presented their theories in this field during these centuries. Therefore, this research focuses on analyzing the rational foundations in the field of Sharia during the fourth to seventh centuries AH, relying on the opinions of Sheikh al-Saduq, Sheikh al-Tusi, Ibn Idris, and al-Muhaqqiq al-Hilli. The research concluded that despite the multiplicity of opinions and jurisprudential differences among jurists in this period, most of them emphasized the importance of reason in the field of Sharia. The research materials were collected through the library method, using the deductive analysis method to analyze the sayings of thinkers.

Abstract:-
The search for the nature of art and the quest for criteria for evaluating artistic beauty are still among the most important goals of writers and critics. However , the common issue in all these studies is the study of the aesthetics of literary texts. In these studies, the researcher focuses on approaching the internal elements of texts away from the external aspects that also affect the process of creating the text. They view literature as an independent science that imbues ordinary events with strangeness and beauty by adding artistic and aesthetic industries. This article , through the descriptive analytical approach and within the study of formal phenomena in the novel literature and its statement in Ghassan Kanafani's novel, seeks to study the aesthetic techniques in the novel)La Shay'(and seeks to clarify how the author of the novel with a simple subject made the rules of the artistic and aesthetic plot through selecting phrases that are not suitable for heroic novels, and creating pauses and slowing down in the process of rapid comprehension, and a careful look at the consistency of the content, and the artistic framework on the level of content, and all of this indicates the creativity of the novelist and his artistic brilliance. The research concluded that the short novel)La Shay'(constitutes one of the successful models of novels according to the formalist school, and its writer was able, through adopting modern techniques in his treatment of the elements of content, time, angle of presentation, and characters, to raise the level of the novel with a simple narrative to a literary, artistic, and aesthetic level, and thus aroused the reader's desire to continue the novel.

Abstract:-
Consider searching for art N is noodles, including TalmisIn Arab poetry, The Arab talent is not Her limit D and in the hair has been invited inHistorical agesAll of which, And they worked onHair topicsAll of them, And renewed in the formation of the poem,Of vertical hairAndFree hair, developedAnd the arts, including Talmis.As aims to see the creativity of poets and put their talents in innovation of new lattice arts add beauty and ringtone to Arab poetry, renovated eternal palet and add her hair from the same weight, rhyme, meaning and beauty and beauty Istax, and graduated to the recipient as if in one time and one poet, as well as the search for creating the spirit of cooperation between the past and present and linking concepts and values that embodied in the beautiful poems and tied the meanings as a link between the past and present. The research was adopted on the historical descriptive style, and the groatance of Arab poetry in general and the Iraqi poetry in particular, and some poetry mentioned by this art. The Thursday is A kind of types of systems as the poet is borrowing a house of my hair for other poets and writes beforeThree framed before the poetic houseTo Five fragrance, It is convenient and the house is appropriate and does not mineThis is the weight of the weight and rhyme of the first part of the original poetic house of the poem, and the fifth rhyme remains the original poem rhymeFlame ,With weight conservation and rhyme.This type of hair does not require the talent of the noodles only, but the sense and fantastic fantasy that makes the poet felt embodies the feeling of the poet who said the poem, and live the same feeling and the same sense as if he lives in the same time and subject to the same poem Its strength and the meaning of a language and the subject of their content, and this work does not do not creative as the receiver feels out for one poet.

Abstract:-
The way in which followers of different religions interact and treat others is one of the problems and challenges that society faces from time to time. Sometimes, extremist opinions and beliefs have been the cause of disputes, conflicts, violence, and even murder. Therefore, achieving peace and coexistence in society depends on a moderate intellectual approach that instructs its members to respect and consider others, regardless of their religion, sect, or background. This approach guides them to preserve the dignity of all members of society, upholds the standards of social justice among citizens, extends a helping hand, and stands against injustice and aggression. Grand Ayatollah Ali al-Sistani, with his moderate intellectual approach, is an excellent example of peace, harmony, love, generosity, sacrifice, and respect for others. To reflect this image in society, it is necessary to present a set of the doctrinal, social, ethical, and political principles and positions that this figure adopts to achieve peace and coexistence in society.

Abstract:-
One of the types of context that has been less discussed and its importance so far is "Surah Context". Probably due to the lack of clarity of the Surah context, a clear discussion on this has not been conducted so far, however, some commentators have commented on the context of the Surah in interpreting the verses of some Surahs or judging whether some Surahs are Meccan or Medinan. The present article explains the context of the Surah using a descriptive and analytical method and, while presenting two different definitions of the context of the Surah, evaluates the commentators' views on whether this Surah is Meccan or Medinan, and the determining role of the context of the Surah in this regard, through a case study of Surah Taghabun. The findings of the study indicate that, contrary to the well-known view of commentators who have considered Surah Taghabun to be Madani, reflection on the context of the Surah confirms this view that part of the Surah was revealed in Mecca and another part in Medina.

Abstract:-
The novel "The Virgin of Sinjar" by Alward Bader Al Salem seeks to provide a deep analysis of the internal dialogue of the main characters, as this dialogue greatly affects the topics presented in the novel. These characters represent the embodiment of the psychological and social conflicts they face, which constitutes a starting point for exploring the role of language and style in shaping the debate between dialogue and subject matter.
The language used in the novel is a powerful means of developing the debate between ideas and feelings, as it reflects the psychological complexity of the characters.
The social and historical context greatly affects the structure of the dialogue, as it highlights the challenges facing society, and this is reflected in how the characters interact with their situations.
Events develop through the intertwined relationship between dialogue and subject matter, as dialogue contributes to accurately drawing the features of the characters. The dialogue also has a great psychological impact on the central character, reflecting how this affects the presentation of the main themes of the novel.
"The Virgin of Sinjar" is distinguished by unique dialogue models that can be compared to other literary works that dealt with similar issues, which enhances the importance of the novel in contemporary literature.
Overall, the novel “The Virgin of Sinjar” stands out as a literary work rich in critical analysis that links dialogue and subject matter, providing deep insight into understanding complex human experiences..

Abstract:-
Belief in the knowledge of the Imam is one of the essential elements of the belief pillars and the discussion of the characteristics of the knowledge of the Imam has been of interest to theologians since the early periods, and each one has adopted an approach based on its own intellectual orientation, and schools of thought have welcomed the discussion of the characteristics of the knowledge of the Imam based on intellectual foundations and the type of rationalist or critical approach. The results are obtained by tracing the works of Allamah Javadi to answer the doubts; status, actual, infallible, present or acquired, gifted or acquired... After answering the above issues, the special view of the Allamah on the knowledge of the Imam is obtained. The descriptive-analytical method, with narrational and intellectual documents and the help of theologians for a more accurate understanding of the characteristics and virtues in all of the Allamah's works, can provide a comprehensive answer, which tracing itself leads to a new finding.

Abstract:-
This study examines the profound intest shown by Andalusian Scholars in the Prophetic Biography (al-sira al-nabawiyya). The people of al-Andalus devoted great attention to preserving and transmitting the sira, while their scholars engaged in writing, commentary, abridgment, and even versification of its content. Andalusian poets likewise composed poems inspired by the life of the Prphet.
The research is divided into two main sections. The first addresses the linguistic and terminological dimensions of the Prophetic dimensions of the Prophetic Biography, its principal and supplementary Sources, and its broader significance.
The second section explores the role of Andalusian transmitters and preservers of the sira, including its authors, commentators, abridgers, and those who treated it through poetry.

Abstract:-
Spüler was a German orientalist who focused on Islamic history, particularly Iranian and Mongolian history. Our question is: How did he interpret history? What are the mechanisms for interpreting it? We used the History of the Ghaznavid State (366-583 AH) as a model. It appears that he was clearly influenced by one of the two most important theories of his time, especially after World War II, namely Toynbee's challenge-response theory. The research found that he applied it to its foundations and had a clear understanding of its details. In the emergence of the state, he applied the principles of sonship and fatherhood. The Ghaznavid state was born from the Samanid state (261-389 AH), adopting many of its systems. The Ghurids were also born from the Ghaznavid state. He applied the transformation of the internal proletariat into an effective force seeking to seize power, according to the challenge-response theory. The major challenges and the failure of the existing authority to respond led to the strengthening of the internal proletariat at the expense of the existing authority. To transform into a competing power, leading to the emergence of a new state and ruling family.
The historical actor in these changes is the unique, thoughtful ruler and leader, and the response to challenges is based on him. Those who respond well through important decisions and successful domestic and foreign policy achieve victory. The model of internal proletariat is the rulers of Ghazni (from the reign of Alptigin to the reign of Sabuktigin), who were able to build a successful model. Then, Mahmud established the state at the expense of the rulers of the Samanid state, who failed to respond to the internal and external challenges they faced; their state was doomed to weakness, division, defeat, and eventual collapse.

Abstract:-
This study discusses the concept of secularism in general, and specifically political secularism and the social deviations it can lead to. We show the role of the Holy Qur’an in addressing these deviations, leading to a sound society and healthy relationships among its members.

Abstract:-
This study deals with video contracting, which is done remotely by meeting the offer and acceptance on an international communication network and in a direct interactive manner, through an audio-visual medium, which raises the question about its nature and the extent to which it is permissible to express the will using video outputs, and about the mechanism for concluding this contract, and the extent of its validity in proving the action? This study aimed to clarify the legal system that governs this contract in terms of the manner and validity of proof, and it also aimed to find legislative solutions and draw the attention of the legislator and researchers in this field. This study reached several results, the most important of which is that this contract is concluded immediately and contemporaneously between the two parties, which makes the nature of the contract between them a contract between two present persons, similar to contracting by telephone.

Abstract-:
This study is considered an example of studying the poetry collection of the poet Sayyid Saleh Al-Hilli, which researchers consider to be one of the poets of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, who went through a series of life stages between the cities of Hilla and Najaf. He preserved the characteristics of these two cities, but the religious aspect is dominant in the poet’s literature, and perhaps the reason His choice; Due to the lack of those who studied or investigated his literature, we found many scientific studies from his time period, but they failed to review his collections, despite the quality of this poetry. The researcher tended to put sufficient touches to reveal this poetry, which was distinguished by mentioning historical facts. Most of which carried the misfortunes of the People of the House, peace and blessings be upon them, and which focused on the elegiac character of the People of the House, especially Imam Hussein, peace be upon him, as if he were putting ancient and modern Arab Islamic literature in one crucible in his poetry.
The researcher found that the poetic image is one of the dominant aspects in the poet’s collection, despite it not departing from the poet’s classicism and traditionalism. It was an important tool for the poet to convey his lamenting thoughts and his methods for attracting the listener to him. Because of its suggestive energies, relying on a linguistic structure influenced by the religious aspect, through the use of Qur’anic terminology in its construction, and inspired by Qur’anic vocabulary and what seminary study enriches the poet, in addition to that it creates a balance between him and the audience. Because most of the poems were recited in special occasion poetry recited on the Husseini pulpit, he tended to perform his graphic texts known to the ancients, and did not stray far from the similar, metaphorical, and metonymic images that reveal the poet’s inner being in his artistic way.

Abstract:-
This research focuses on the personality and contributions of the prominent Lebanese historian Hassan Al-Amin Al-Amili (1908-2002), who is regarded as one of Lebanon's most significant and influential writers of modern and contemporary history. He was the son of the renowned religious scholar Sayyid Mohsen Al-Amin Al-Amili. The study sheds light on his biography, personal life, and historical writings, particularly his monumental work, The Shiite Islamic Encyclopedia.
The aim of this research is to conduct an in-depth examination of Al-Amin’s role in documenting heritage and correcting historical falsifications that have persisted over the decades. Special emphasis is placed on his efforts to preserve the cultural identity of the followers of the Ahl al-Bayt (peace be upon them) within the Shiite sect. This is examined in the broader political, social, and historical contexts, which were marked by significant challenges.
The importance of this research lies in its examination of a prominent intellectual figure from a distinct scholarly environment, one that has been underrepresented in academic studies. Hassan Al-Amin is presented here as a model historian who transcended mere documentation, offering profound analytical and encyclopedic insights. His work reflects an effort to understand history comprehensively and present it with clarity and depth.

Abstract:-
The research topic is electronic contracts for trade, (topic, ruling and applications, a jurisprudential study in light of Imami jurisprudence). Electronic contracts for trade have become an important influential factor in the development of the economy of individuals, society and countries. They are a modern means of effective economic transactions, because they surpass traditional means in their speed and ease. We live in the era of globalization, and Islamic countries have been late in entering this field, while Western countries have advanced and developed in it. Therefore, it is necessary to research these issues in detail to know that in light of Imami jurisprudence. Hence, the main goal of writing this thesis is clear - since Imami jurisprudence is alive, keeping pace with innovations to clarify its legal provisions - contributing to conveying legal provisions in light of Imami jurisprudence regarding emerging issues such as electronic contracts for trade. Electronic contracts for trade are those that are conducted via electronic means, which are concluded over the Internet. They are a modern type and a new way for economic transactions, and are expressed in English with different expressions such as (E- (Economic) and (Digital Economic), and so on, and include all transactions that are conducted through electronic commerce Through the use of computer networks, without distinction between buying and selling products, uses, rents, reconciliations, etc. I adopted the descriptive analytical approach, by relying on tracking the data issued by the inventors of new contracts and their means, by analyzing them, and adapting them legally.

Abstract:-
The New Testament is a special book for Christians, and this research deals with some human values, including religious and moral values, both positive and negative. The positive ones are the values that a person must be characterized by, while the negative qualities are the qualities that a person must not stray from, as well as the social dental values that pertain to the individual. Family and society.
The purpose of this study is to know the Christian values in the New Testament that have a role in a person’s life’s journey of faith, because if these values are negative, the family and society will be disintegrated and the person will be distanced from God Almighty, and if these values lead the teeth to the satisfaction of God Almighty, and thus he will attain happiness in life. life and hereafter.

Abstract:-
Media is defined as the dissemination of accurate and correct information, so that it affects people in a conscious way, the goal of which is enlightenment and informing the masses of the necessary facts to serve the truth, society and individuals.
It was said that it is the art of transferring information, ideas and trends from one party to another through a complex social process, which involves an interaction process as it depends entirely on communication without which no social interaction occurs, i.e. no mutual influence occurs in behavior through speech and signals, considering that the position of social interaction includes a psychological and social organization system that is individuals and groups and multiple cognitive processes such as feeling, perception and thinking, and the changes that result from these processes in the behavior of the individual or group.
In this study, we concluded that there is an implicit match between the concepts of media and communication, which is evident from the fact that media is a media activity that includes all the components and basic components of communication activity, which are the source of information and media messages and the media means that transmit these messages to the audience of recipients and receivers of the media material, and the media impact is due.
We concluded that media policy stems from the nature of its social, economic, cultural and political facts, and can only be understood through knowing the general context of these facts and the environment surrounding them.
Most governments, despite the differences in their policies, are keen to impose their direct or indirect control over their media, due to their influential power over the public, in addition to other means in the political field such as weapons and money.

Abstract:-
Purpose: To explain and examine the theological foundations of hijab and chastity. Method: This study was conducted with a qualitative approach and in the form of content analysis. Based on this, he first studied the theological foundations and then, considering the place of hijab and chastity in religious thoughts, determined the foundations and issues related to the subject, and then analyzed and discovered the relationship between hijab and chastity and theological foundations. let's pay Discussion: Based on the verses, traditions and rulings, the issue of observing chastity, especially hijab, is a religious teaching and order. Hijab and chastity, before it is a jurisprudential and shari'a issue, is a culture that is recommended in all heavenly religions and mentioned in non-religious schools and thoughts, and its expansion requires careful and long-term planning. is On the other hand, belief in monotheism, prophethood, imamate, responsibility, faith and happiness are theological foundations of hijab. This study answers the question of what are the theological foundations of hijab and chastity and how they can play a role in persuading and strengthening belief in hijab. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to explain and examine the theological foundations of hijab and chastity and to express how it affects the belief in it. Theological foundations of hijab can be classified into several areas; Basics related to the field of jurisprudence, basics related to revelation, basics related to the field of Imamate, theological bases of the Hereafter, non-narrative bases. According to the aforementioned areas, among the foundations and theological issues that are closely related to the issue of hijab and chastity are: faith in God, obligation, prophecy, Imamate, preservation of religion and salvation, strengthening of faith, nature, grace and the rational basis of hijab.

Abstract:-
This research focuses on the method of answering and responding in light of the supplications mentioned in the Holy Quran, an analytical study. The answer comes from God (Almighty), which is giving, and from the servant is obedience. The response is the acceptance of the supplications of the servants by God. The believer's delight and happiness comes when he sees the effects of his deeds and faith resulting in the response to his supplication. This is because he feels that he is the object of the kindness and care of his Creator, the Most High, and that he is in a direct connection with his Creator. This is the greatest happiness. In order to experience these moments of joy and taste the sweetness of happiness, some may think that the secret to the response to supplication lies in the wording of the supplication, devoid of other factors. We often find some people passing around parts of traditional supplications that are likely to be answered, or that contain the Greatest Name of God. However, when they supplicate with them, they are not answered. This is because they interpret the word "supplication" devoid of the conditions and etiquette that the supplicant must meet in order for their supplication to be answered. Supplication is the believer's weapon, his protective shield, and the arrows of the night that he fires as he pleases. A weapon is based on its striker, not just its edge. If the rider is strong, brave, and possesses boldness and audacity, and his weapon is complete and flawless, he will be able to defeat the enemy. Otherwise, the effect will be lost. Similarly, supplication also has an effect. If the supplicant observes the etiquette and conditions stipulated in the verses of the Qur'an and the blessed Sunnah, adheres to the factors that influence the acceptance of supplication, devotes himself to his Lord, abandoning all other means, relying on no one but God to achieve his goal, and then supplicates to God with a tongue that reads what is in the book of the heart, then his supplication will be answered, God willing.

Abstract:-
In this research, an attempt has been made to make a comparison between the theory of the learning organization of Peter senge and the 53rd sermon of Nahj al-Balagha through the method of library studies. Islam considers a healthy life dependent on moral excellence. In this regard, the society as the basis of the life of every person and the organization as the society also consider ethics as the first step of development and progress. Also, building an ethical organization and spreading an ethical culture through organizational learning is the hope and desire of all managers. Therefore, many efforts in creating such organizations were and are the priority of researchers and researchers of different societies. The findings show that ahead of all the scholars and philosophers of the world, Amir al-Mu'minin Ali gave instructions to Malek Ashtar about the organization and government of the learner 1400 years ago, which he achieved in this research. It was found that in most of the points of Peter Senge's learning organization theory, Imam Ali has given instructions to Malek Ashtar in the 53rd sermon of Nahj al-Balagheh and beyond about these values.

Abstract:-
This study aims to shed light on the impact of Ashura rituals on the social situation in Iran during the Safavid and Qajar periods. Ashura rituals are a central part of the religious and cultural identity of the Shiite community and have undergone significant development in form and content over time, influenced by surrounding political and social contexts. The research analyzes the role of these rituals in strengthening collective identity, promoting social mobilization, and influencing various aspects of cultural and political life. The findings show that Ashura rituals have significantly contributed to enhancing the cultural and religious identity of Iranian society, serving as a fundamental factor in solidifying Shiite values and fostering communal belonging. They also played a prominent role as a tool for mass mobilization, enabling their use in promoting loyalty to governments or resisting political and social injustices. These rituals have experienced continuous evolution, transitioning from simple practices to organized events with profound cultural and social significance, such as ta'ziya (passion plays) and mourning processions, which reflect the values of sacrifice and justice. Furthermore, Ashura rituals have fostered social solidarity among various classes, uniting the rich and the poor, the elites and the general public, creating an atmosphere of mutual support and social cohesion. The rituals were also influenced by political contexts, as the Safavid and Qajar governments utilized them to bolster their political legitimacy. Conversely, they faced restrictions in later periods, reflecting their dynamic relationship with successive political systems. Finally, the study highlights the significant role of Ashura rituals in enriching arts and popular culture, serving as a source of inspiration for numerous creative works that expressed the human values derived from the Karbala tragedy. This study underscores the importance of Ashura rituals in shaping social identity and promoting human values within Shiite communities, as well as their evolving role in interacting with historical and political transformations.

Abstract:-
The aim of the research is to determine the "analysis of the effect of emotional intelligence on human behavior with emphasis on Goleman's perspective." The method of this research is rational and theoretical analysis in religious and psychological texts. This research has an interdisciplinary approach between ethics and psychology on the one hand, and is an analytical-religious research on the other. The results of the research show: 1- The manifestation of God is awareness in self-knowledge; 2- Religious people showed a high level of emotional intelligence components in their life process; 3- Self-awareness is a factor in human happiness; 4- A successful person is someone who makes logical decisions in the conflict between reason and desires; 5- "The ability to regulate different emotions" is effective on "the health and mental well-being of the individual"; 6- Self-control inhibits beliefs and tendencies, negative thoughts in the mind and leads to proper management of behavior; 7- Lack of self-control in the family causes psychological and moral damage in children.

Abstract:-
The research addresses a topic that has always occupied Islamic thought, which is the relationship between logic and the science of principles. Logic has been employed to explain Islamic rulings, which has resulted in logic being one of the most important sciences that have entered all scientific and religious fields, knowing the common topics between logic and the principles of jurisprudence, and between these two sciences, has transformed from transmitted issues that are dealt with as introductions that benefit the "mujtahid" to a part of the science and rules of origins. This research came to show the extent of agreement and harmony between the two sciences, so it was called fundamentalist logic, the logic that is concerned with the science of origins. Logic was a method adopted by the fundamentalists to prove their rulings and religious beliefs. The research aims to know the common issues between the two sciences and the logical foundations that the fundamental science established. Among the most prominent Muslim thinkers who had an impact on establishing the fundamental science is Abu Hamid al-Ghazali, who wrote on the principles of jurisprudence and logic. Most of his books on jurisprudence contained logical introductions. His logical books also contained jurisprudential examples to prove logical laws, which makes us confirm that al-Ghazali is the founder of fundamentalist logic. Through the research, we find that some of the topics addressed by the science of principles are the foundational topics of the science of logics. The best example of this is Al-Ghazali's application of analogical reasoning and inductive reasoning in fundamentalist issues.

Abstract:-
In interpreting the verses of the Holy Quran using the qualitative approach of discourse analysis, God Almighty's purpose is sought through two approaches: intra-textual (the arrangement and relationship of words and verses to each other), and social (the discourse of the state of its revelation, its dissemination over time, and its application to the realm of life). Using this approach, it is possible to apply its verses to the realm of social and family life, while taking into account their social function. In this context, Norman Faircliffe's three-level analysis model, based on three levels of description, interpretation, and explanation, is effective. This study, using a descriptive-analytical approach, seeks to answer the question of how the analysis and description of the discourse of Surat Ad-Duha, based on Norman Faircliffe's perspective, interprets the social function of this surah. The discourse of Surat Ad-Duha, by offering consolation to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family), expresses God's guiding role from the beginning of his life. It neutralizes the prevailing discourses at the societal level, draws the attention of its members not to neglect helping the orphan and the lost, and recounts God's blessings upon him.