AL-Mawrid Journal

In this research, there is a talk on the topic (the Code), in which the researcher deals with an aspect that was rarely treated and examined, especially in the later ages. It is concerned with parking everything related to the order (combinations) and what they are; Is it the subject? Or is it usable? Showing that many modernists neglected the issue of the formal model of language, as it is concerned with the abstract concept of combinations, As demonstrated by the first linguists and a few of the later ones touched on it, because of its importance and great matter, not only in Arabic, but in all whole languages although it has been neglected and greatly humiliated over a long period of time, from the foundation of modern linguistics to the last decades of the twentieth century, where many language schools neglected it and put it behind them, and stoned their research on the field of use.
Also, the discussion was not limited to the opinions of grammarians and linguists only, but rather benefited from the words of Islamic scholars on the diversity of their sciences; Believing that Islamic sciences are like one body, aiming for one goal, and explaining each other, and that there are many influences and influences between them and the curricula studied. . Likewise, this was accompanied by references to what suits the purpose of what the hadeeth lesson brought, and some knowledge of it. And all of this was done by relying mainly on the (induction) and (analysis) methodologies, where opinions are collected, interpreted and analyzed, then balance them for weighting. This does not prevent us from benefiting from other research methods that suit the purpose as well.

(Resalat Al-Ghufran) is among the most important prose works of (Abi Al-Ala' Al-Ma'arri) in which a writing experience of no less value and importance than his poetic achievement is distinguished from other ancient Arab poetic experiences in his objective and constructivist choice.
This reading of (Resalat Al-Ghufran) is based on a methodology that we adopted in reading more than one previous literary topic that is based on a new vision that we put forward through the term (commentary) and its procedures that go to investigate what is happening in the text of transitions or changes at the level of vision, or at the level of artistic formation, it is established to displace or postpone the path of expression - all or part - in favor of another vision - or another meaning - or a different aesthetic context, without this leaving the context of the broader significance that frames the various modes of postponement contained in the text.
We have found in the text of Al-Ghufran what reflects indicative representations of this concept and its mechanism of action in substantive and other constructive practices that Al-Ma’arri used to present the contents of his message, expressing in it manifestations of visions, ideas and intellectual arguments that reflect his philosophy and what his consciousness settled on, and he examines many issues, phenomena and beliefs that In it, he expressed perceptions that belong to him alone and indicate his attitudes towards life, people and the cultural circulation of his era and what preceded it, putting this through a linguistic embodiment that goes far in investigating the meanings of vocabulary and interrogating its meanings that are not allowed in the usual circulation.

The cultural discourse of Al-Mubarrad (285 AH) constitutes a major encyclopedia of knowledge in the map of Arab heritage thought it represents an advanced cognitive leadership that begins with language and literature techniques, it proceeds and includes most of the knowledge and sciences that were prevalent in his time Al-Mubarrad was known for his rich production, which covered a lot of sciences to form a bright picture of Arab culture Indicating what was indicated by heritage texts, and confirmed by recent others, that if Al-Mubarrad was the site of its culture in which it emerged, His fame spread - through him - to the horizons (Iraq), because he is not an Iraqi, just as Iraq is not the entirety of his academic fame, his hometown is (Oman), Because of the importance of Al-Mubarrad in the Iraqi and Omani cultures, his personality was studied through a prominent and unstudied product, which is (Critical Discourse), due to the importance of this discourse in the time in which Al-Mubarrad lived, and what followed, as well as its importance in the modern era, Since most of this discourse is found in the book (The Complete in Language and Literature), the researcher studied the critical discourse of Al-Mubarrad through the previous book, and this research was divided into two axes, namely: -
-The first axis / indirect critical discourse.
-The second axis / direct critical discourse.
The researcher also indicated that the book of (Al-Kamil) was replete with a lot of literary Criticism that makes the recipient believe in it this Criticism is not intertextuality with its era and what preceded it just - by comparison - Rather, it fulfills the theory that to intertextuality those Criticism is a great genius, He headed a school of critical thought, just as he was the head of a school of grammatical thought as well, The researcher stated his belief that it is Al-Mubarrad's digestion of linguistic and literary philosophy that made the discourse he implements in (Al-Kamil) language a first-class linguistic discourse, He looked at language with the eye of criticism, and he looked at criticism with the eye of language, Thus, he drew two levels of creative discourse, namely, the achievement level and the creative level, and the critical process lies in the cross-fertilization of the first level with the second.

The (representation) is one of the linguistic phenomena whose positions have abounded, other than the Sciences of Arabic language at different levels and have different synonyms used by the specialists in these places. The letter acts on behalf of a letter and the act acts on behalf of an act and the name of the act is based on an act The movement also acts on behalf of the movement and the source acts on behalf of the source and the letter of traction grows from the letter of traction and has continued the research here on behalf of a tow letter for another two letter and tracking the sayings of the old and modern grammarians in the use of this particular term or the use of its synonyms and mentioning the disagreement between them as required by the denominator and what is permitted by the amount of research.

The book of omission is one of the most important and most important of the Persian books, in which it traces the faults and slips that occurred in his sheikh’s book Abi Ishaq Al-Zajjaj known as (The meanings of the Qur'an and its syntax), he followed him on about more than a hundred issues, which included issues in sound, morphology, grammar, and semantics, as well as his follow-ups to him in some places of interpretation.
And his omission is an immortal Basari Codex, embrace Sibawayh's views, and his sentences and opinions were mixed together with him, Although he was fanatical in his response to the Al-Zajjaj, However, the phenomenon of digression that was common in the book, made him respond to many grammarians in Basra and Kufa, especially those who stood in a trench against the Sheikh of the Arabic language Sibawayh,It is not surprising that the Kufis were among the most grammarians to whom Al-Farisi directed arrows of criticism, correction spears as well.
Hence, our research came to focus on some of Al-Farsi’s objections to the Kufi's scientists, he responded to their opinion by hearing first, then by analogy and rational and logical argumentation secondly, which made his book an encyclopedia of grammar criticism.

This research presents to author of authors grammar, his influence was evident in Abi Hayyan Andalusia (745 AH), I suspect that he was the first to be reporfed him, and by him the rest were transferred, he is Ibn Mazzouz Al- Andalusia, who was not taught as a human being and a scientist –as far as I know.
The following research words may be a first step for subsequent steps, to remove the lid on more man thought, and opinions.
The researcher began by giving him details about the life of Ibn Mazzouz with its different a spects, then presented to the views of the objectively discussed, finally he concluded with his findings.

In this preface, from Dr. Taha, it was stated that this sober magazine had prepared for it the reasons for its brilliance, from scientists with sound vision, rational thought and firm care, indicating the objectives of its establishment and what its first editor-in-chief stated, that it is concerned with manuscripts and ancient studies, then he referred to the speed of its spread in Baghdad at the time and its arrival in the provinces and then to the countries of the Arab world after its mail began to be crowded with posts that exceed the limits of the place in a short time, and how it became one of the magazines eagerly awaited to be published by Arab scholars and researchers and orientalists, concluding his words by wishing the magazine a lasting prosperity and brilliance.

Al-Mawrid is a refereed intellectual heritage Journal issued by the General House of Cultural Affairs at the Ministry of Culture, Tourism and Antiquities, it took a cognitive character based on Arab and Islamic thought, adopting scientific fields that included human specialties, language, poetry, history, criticism, art, as well as various pure sciences.
Al-Mawrid magazine is concerned with celebrating personalities who enriched our Arab and Islamic heritage and contributed to preserving its identity since its publication in 1971.
And Al-Mawrid magazine, linguistically: The composition of (Al-Mawrid magazine) is an additional synthesis, the genitive is the word (magazine) and the word (Al-Mawrid) is added to it, as for the term Majalla, it appears in linguistic dictionaries in the sense of a newspaper, and Ibn Duraid added in Al-Jamarah that it is a newspaper in which something of wisdom is written.
The word “Al-Mawrid”: a place-name on the accusative form of the verb “Ward”, one of the meanings of which is “Manhal” that comes for drinking, The term “Al-Mawrid” is a figurative term for this magazine, as it is a cultural source from which researchers draw from the knowledge that extends from the heritage, which starts from the original Arab and Islamic heritage.
(Al-Mawrid Magazine) drew the researchers' attention to the calendar; Researches and articles were published about her, and she was the subject of academic research for you to write university theses on.
The importance of (Al-Mawrid magazine) became clear in that it became an ambassador touring the Arab countries, and it was a habitat and a means for acquaintance between scholars and researchers.

In this research, the researcher deals with two studies through her review of recent studies on Arabic grammar that were mentioned in the Iraqi Al-Mawrid Journal They are the study of the sentence and its importance, as the sentence is a container of thought and contains the linguistic components, because it is the purpose of what the speaker expresses his needs and thoughts, and because it is the language of communication between members of society, in addition to the fact that grammar is built to show the contents of the sentence from meanings and connotations. Due to its importance in grammatical studies Scientists have dealt with it in ancient and modern times, and those studies are (The Arabic sentence in the light of modern linguistic studies) by Dr. Nima Rahim Al-Azzawi Published in Volume Ten, Issue Three of 1981 The second study is (Transformational patterns in an interrogative sentence) by Dr. Samir Sharif Esteité Issued in the Eighteenth volume, first issue of 1989.
The researcher has shown that the material that meets under this umbrella differs in terms of content, between a topic that deals with the sentence and what is the justification for determining whether it is nominal or actual, and the opinion of the grammarians in dividing the sentence, And another defines an interrogative and between what is permissible to omit from the interrogative tools and what is not, The research also discussed the issue of deleting the interrogative tool in the theories of templates and regular grammar, and that each of those studies was different from the other, Thus, it is imperative that we address each topic individually, taking into account the chronological order of the arrival of these studies in the Iraqi Al-Mawrid Journal.

This indexing is considered one of the important works in bibliography, for two reasons:
First: because this index deals with very important texts, which are translated texts, in various sciences: linguistic, literary, social, historical, and many other human sciences.
The other reason: It is due to the importance of Al-Mawrid magazine, dealing with it, researching it, and extracting benefits from it.
To sum up: This work is about indexing the translated texts that were published by Al-Mawrid Journal for fifty years, those works amounted to one hundred and nine texts, we worked on putting together a card for each work, (The title of the work, and under it the name of its writer, then the name of its translator, then the issue in which it was published and its date), then we appended this index to an analytical description of ten texts that we have chosen, from various sciences.

The researcher recalls how Al-Mawrid Journal was when it was published; it was hands collide by writers, intellectuals and notables, in the east and west of the earth, from the far reaches of regions and countries, it brims with its splendor, She shuffles, in her close-fitting robe, between the good-looking magazines, pamphlets, and publications, Indicating how much his blunt hands carried the issues of it to his professors and fellow writers and poets who were eager to see them and learn about the treasures of knowledge and texts of heritage, in Iraq, the Levant, Lebanon, the Hijaz, Egypt, Sudan, Tunisia, Morocco and other countries, it's the ambassador of science and knowledge, and he says that with certainty and faith, This is due to what is in this Journal, rather the great travel, from the precious antiquities, and the pleasant investigations in every issue and at every time, therefore, this wonderful Journal received care from its management and writers, and it attained the highest levels of perfection, it has the right to be proud and it has the right to be proud at all times, and we hope that it will preserve its essence, form and substance in its future preparation over the years and times, marked in its wise management and alert writers, it exerted its utmost effort in preserving the lofty position that it attained in the past.

The researcher recalls Al-Mawrid over the past fifty years, and the pioneering Iraqi project it presented in the study and revival of the Arab heritage, and how it succeeded in achieving the permanence of its publication since 1971 and its continuity until now, despite all the circumstances and challenges it faced, In joining a venerable club that includes the largest specialized Iraqi magazines, periodicals that continue to publish regularly despite various obstacles, preceded them, these are: (Sumer) Journal, which first appeared in 1945, and (The Journal of the Iraqi Scientific Academy), whose first issue was published in 1950, And (AL-Turath AL-Sh'abi) Journal, which appeared in 1963, and (Al-Aqlam) Journal issued in 1964. Noting that the Journal's communication is a healthy condition in the specialized press and this is thanks to the support of the state's general budget and the availability of editorial boards that worked hard and eagerly for its sustainability, in addition, he considered it as a magazine that constitutes a continuation of the project of the "Lughat Al-'Arab" magazine, which was established by Al-Ab Anastas Mari Al-Karmali, Pointing to the importance of the journal, its founders, the researchers who contributed to it, and its interests, And he indicated that it is not strange in this context that Abdul Hamid Al-Alouji is the real founder of (Al-Mawrid) And its most famous editor-in-chief (1924-1995 AD), he is himself one of the investigators of the two sections published so far from the "Al-Mosaed" Glossary, the most prominent products of the founder of the (Lughat Al-'Arab) magazine, which is not yet fully published. Perhaps the determination of the Minister of Culture, Dr. Hassan Nadhem, who is sponsoring and participating in this ceremony, will give life to this important project and place it in the ministry’s interest once again, Then he mentioned the important and venerable personalities such as Dr. Mustafa Jawad and others who had an important role in pioneering the Journal with other magazines, he concluded the speech by presenting suggestions that would contribute to maintaining that process and working on its development.

The researcher talks about Al-Mawrid Journal as the first magazine frequented by manuscript lovers and concerned with publishing heritage studies, verified texts, bibliography and investigation criticism, and what the magazine has theoretically contributed to in laying the rules for textual verification and publishing by a number of Iraqi and Arab writers who are known for their expertise and know-how in investigation, As for the practical side, the researcher mentioned that the magazine was not limited to its openness to one era without another, but included the pre-Islamic, Islamic, Abbasid, states, Emirates, Mamluk and Ottoman eras, as well as the poets of Andalusia and their countries, the researcher indicated that the number of verified Divans has reached 109, in terms of ages and countries, the poets of the Abbasid era gained a large share of the verified Divans, reaching (46) poets, followed by the Umayyad era, which reached (28) poets, and after them the poets of Andalusia, who were (20) poets, while the number of corrections reached (61), in this light, the magazine has become an indispensable reference for anyone who wants to address the investigation of a Divan, or to correct it.

The first generation of the scientists and critics made great efforts and a stranded to codify and document Arab legacy; And to purify it from the impurities and dirt that were attached to it, and for the sake of that national mission, they went out to the deserts to take poetry from the mouths of the Bedouins; and tribesmen; The poets and their descendants, and after that they made poetry collections, poets’ collections, and tribal divans, And they made divans for most of the poets, But it is really unfortunate , that a large number of these divans have been forgotten, so scholars and university professors in the modern era have dusted off those divans, and they achieved it as a scientific investigation, and made it accessible to readers and researchers, and for those who did not find a divan for him, they made a divan for him, by collecting the scattered pieces of his poetry scattered in the bellies of books and sources, and it was a great work that deserves admiration, appreciation and respect

The researcher presents an investigative material on an Abbasid poet; we did not find an adequate translation for him that would enlighten us on the path of his life, we did not find any date of birth or even death for him, the researcher mentioned that he mentioned him exclusively, and by mentioning his poems, the book “Lama Al-Malah” by Abu Al-Ma’ali Saad bin Ali Al-Hadiri Al-Warraq, known as “Dalal Al-Kutub”, It is likely that the birth of this Al-Hadiri was during the era of the Caliph Al-Mustathhir, who assumed the Caliphate in 487 AH, and a caliph continued until the year 512 AH, this period was filled with many events that the nation passed through at this crucial stage in the history of the Abbasid state, which was dominated by rupture and division, the researcher explained that Al-Hadiri’s book represented a literary cache that added to the Arabic literary library an inexhaustible source of thought, art and rhetoric, by providing it with many unknown poets whom we hear nothing about them, and he did not mention them, nor did anyone mention their poetry from those who chronicled our ancient Arabic literature in its prosperous era / the first and second Abbasid eras, The researcher mentioned the poet's titles, exposing to us the verses he found in his Devin according to rhymes, with his comment on it.

The researcher introduces us to the orientalist Moritz Steinschneider, who is one of the Orientalists interested in Jewish studies referring to his biography, his effects and the languages he mastered, he devoted himself to talking about the book (The Literature of Controversy and Defense in Arabic), he is regard the main source for getting to know the work of controversy, especially among the people of monotheistic religions, Since its compilation, no other work has been published that rivals it in scientific value. This book included one hundred and nineteen books, treatises, debates, criticisms, writings and statements in the Arabic language by Muslim, Christian and Jewish scientists, the researcher explained the method of the orientalist Moritz in this book, he also cited a debate with the Jewish scholars of AL-Sayyid Muhammad Mahdi Al-Tabatabaie after we got to know his biography, his achievement and the way he worked , then he presents to us the text of the manuscript investigated in this research, with commentary on it based on multiple sources.

The Syriacs have left clear imprints since ancient times in various fields of science and knowledge with what they transmitted from the sciences of the Greeks to the Arab and Islamic civilization, and this came at the hands of distinguished scholars who made the most precious and precious in order to convey the word of science and wisdom to the farthest corners of the earth. Syriac scholars have enriched the Arab civilization in general and the civilization of Iraq in particular with many books, literature and works in all fields of science, literature and the arts, Their travels and what they wrote were hoarded in bookcases and libraries, and Baghdad's share was the largest among the cities that included bookcases, as well as many public and private libraries, Professor Ahmed Amin says in his book (The Dawn of Islam):" Between Mesopotamia there were fifty schools that taught the Syriac and Greek sciences these schools were followed by libraries and were like bridges over which the sciences of the early ones such as the Persians and Greece crossed, which in total had an effective and direct impact on the scientific renaissance witnessed by the Arab and Islamic world".
In our present age, interest in bookcases and libraries is still present, and documentation of them came through distinguished scholars who have emerged in the field, including historian and cataloguer Korkis Awad, who was the focus of our research Korkis Awad rendered great services to the Arabic language, its people and its heritage, and left virtuous traces in everything he wrote, and he was righteous to his family, friends and country.