Al-Qadisiyah Arts Magazine

Sculpture began to achieve new formal formulations، as the sculptor moved away from imitating the traditional human and animal form، and his products became more open to interpretation than previous artistic productions، despite the recipient’s feeling that these artistic works were inspired by nature or social conditions. The researcher found that there is a question worth studying and researching about the most important sculptural forms by the artist (Barbara Hepworth)، which the sculptor was inspired by in her artistic achievements، and what expression and meaning they contained within them that the artist tried to convey to the recipient.
This research included four chapters، represented by the first chapter، the methodological framework: which included presenting the research problem، which included the question: What are the suggestive connotations in the sculptures of the artist Barbara Hepworth? Also، the importance of the research is that it is a new study in this field and the goal of the research. As well as the temporal limits of the research and defining some important terms for the research، which were (connotation، suggestion). As for the second chapter، it included two sections: the first: the concept of suggestion and suggestiveness، and the second section: suggestive connotation in sculpture. The chapter ended by extracting some indicators on which we rely by analyzing the sample. As for the third chapter: which was devoted to the research procedures، which included the research community selecting the works that were analyzed according to the descriptive approach، and finally the fourth chapter: it was devoted to the results and conclusions، the most prominent of which were:-
1. Her abstract style، which allowed her a wide space to express her ideas، which she constantly sought for freedom and the beauty of the formations produced by her، as it is renewed and suggestive of various topics from the core of her life due to what she went through in her life.
2. A suggestive function appears in all the sample models، as the shape carries semantic dimensions that point to new symbols concerned with thought (content)، that is، meaning in addition to the external form.
While the conclusions we reached are:
1. Expression in abstract forms that were characterized by suggestions with diverse implications as a result of social simulation in her life.
2. Focus on the contents in the composition of its topics and pay attention to the various forms in its produced contexts.
Finally، the researcher came up with recommendations and proposals، and finally a list of sources.

Interest in studying thinking patterns has increased in the past period، so many studies have been conducted in the Arab environment to clarify these patterns and their relationship to innovative، mental and personal variables، as well as studies related to various mental activities in an attempt to facilitate and improve the learning process and develop students\\\\' thinking at various educational levels. Accordingly، the researcher wanted to investigate the effect of a modern teaching model، which is the task-based learning model، on developing thinking patterns associated with the two halves of the brain because she did not find a study that specifically addressed this field in art education teaching materials. Therefore، the research objective can be determined as follows: Identifying the effect of the task-based learning (TBL) model on developing thinking patterns associated with the two halves of the brain among students of the Department of Art Education? In the second chapter، she dealt with two axes: the first is the theory from which the model was launched، and the second is thinking patterns. Therefore، a community of third-year students in the Art Education Department، morning studies at the College of Basic Education at Al-Mustansiriya University، numbering (159) male and female students for the academic year 2023-2024، was chosen. They were chosen intentionally. A representative sample of the community was drawn at a rate of 70% of the research community in a simple random manner، amounting to (45). After equivalence and controlling the variables، the researcher prepared the first research tool (an achievement test for the teaching methods subject) for the purpose of identifying the achievement variable، and the second was to adopt the (Arhaif 2012) scale to reveal thinking patterns associated with the two halves of the brain. The researcher obtained positive results for the independent variable in the dependent variables and extracted the most important

The article entitled (The Impact of Osborne\'s Model in Addressing the Practical Problems of Design for Students of the College of Fine Arts, University of Babylon) is concerned with the fact that the most important features of the century in which we live now are the speed of change, the speed of accepting new things, and the knowledge explosion that makes nations and countries compete in developing their human resources and how to exploit their natural resources. These features have prompted countries to give priority to education in their future plans through science, and the result of this has been the prosperity and scientific and technological progress witnessed in the current era. The research included four chapters. The first chapter included the research problem, which ended with the following question: (What is the impact of Osborne\'s model in addressing the practical problems of design for students of the College of Fine Arts, University of Babylon?) The importance of the research and its objective represented in (identifying the effect of Osborne\'s model in dealing with the applied problems of the design subject for students of the College of Fine Arts, University of Babylon), the research hypothesis, and determining the limits of the research on students of the College of Fine Arts, University of Babylon, third stage, morning study, Department of Art Education for the academic year (2023-2024). The chapter concluded with defining the terms contained in the research title linguistically, technically and procedurally. As for the second chapter, it included three sections, the first section was concerned with studying (educational problems) and the second section included two axes, the first axis (education and educational design), and the second axis (Osborne\'s problem-solving models as a model), while the third section included two axes, the first axis (the foundations of the design subject) and the second axis (problems of teaching the design subject), and the chapter concluded with a set of indicators for the theoretical framework and a discussion of previous studies. The third chapter focused on the research community, which comprised a total of (63) students from the College of Fine Arts, University of Babylon. The research sample was selected by lottery to achieve the research objective. The lottery fell on Section (B), which comprised (30) male and female students selected from the original research community for the study. The researcher then constructed the research instrument and processed it statistically. It achieved apparent validity of (89%) and reliability of (93%) after completing the procedures of the third chapter, followed by applying the experiment to the study sample. The fourth chapter was limited to the results and conclusions of the research. Among the findings reached by the researcher are: . The reason for the superiority in the post-test can be attributed to the clarity of the teaching plans and the student\'s familiarity with the educational and behavioral objectives and educational content prepared according to the Osborne model. The most important conclusions: . The program has proven effective in developing the skill and cognitive abilities in designing artwork among students of the College of Fine Arts, especially those in the Department of Art Education, third stage. The chapter ends with research recommendations and suggestions, followed by a conclusion with sources, appendices, and a summary in English.

The article aims to prepare an educational program using the lecture method and by showing films in the field of diagramming using a Dashboard device for the planning subject for the second stage of the Institute of Fine Arts for Boys in Al-Qadisiyah Governorate، and employing mental imagery in developing the planning skill of students of the Institute of Fine Arts for Boys، and measuring the impact of the educational program on The method of mental imagery and its use in students’ drawing skills. The authors used the experimental method by designing two equal groups، the experimental and the control، which are tested before the start of the experiment and after its end to measure the effect. The research community consisted of students of the second stage of the Institute of Fine Arts for Boys in Al-Qadisiyah Governorate for the academic year 2023-2024، which are adults. Their number was (98) students، and the research sample included (30) students who were chosen randomly (by lottery)، with (15) males for both the experimental and control group. The authors used a group of Arabic and foreign sources and references، questionnaires، personal interviews، testing and measurement، as well as tools، instruments and devices for tests. The most important results of the research indicated that the null hypothesis was rejected، which states the following: ( (There are no statistically significant differences at the level of (0.05) between the average scores of the pre- and post-tests for the students of the experimental group) )، and this indicates that the experimental group has benefited from The educational-learning program dealt with the mental image method، and it even achieved scientific progress in the level of achievement (cognitive and skills) than it was before the start of the experiment.
The recommendations were: the possibility of using the mental image method in practical training for the subject of colors in the Department of Art Education.

This article deals with a problem، which represented the following question: What is the effect of the instrumental enrichment strategy in developing the artistic expression of outstanding female students? The current study also aimed to identify the impact of the medial enrichment strategy in developing the artistic expression of outstanding female students. As for the limits of the research، the current period (2023-2024) included morning study for female students affiliated with the General Directorate of Diwaniyah Education. The most important terms were identified and defined، which included (the impact of the medial enrichment strategy).-Artistic Expression-Excellence).
As for the third chapter، it included the research procedures. The article community consisted of (127) female students in the second middle school year. The researcher chose the research community in an intentional manner. The researcher took into account the limits of the research in choosing the community. As for the research sample، the researcher chose it randomly، using a lottery method from the three divisions. For the second intermediate grade، the lottery fell on Section (B) and the number of its students was (40). The researcher divided the students into two groups، the control group (20) students and the experimental group (20) students according to the experimental research method. The researcher formulated the research tool and it was adopted in Formulated on the indicators of a theoretical framework. The fourth chapter included the research results and conclusions reached by the researcher، the most important of which were:
Conclusions
1- The medial enrichment strategy has a positive impact on developing artistic expression among female students.
2- Moving away from the traditional methods used in teaching led to clear development in most areas of artistic expression.
Recommendations
1- Paying attention to modern strategies that help students learn easily and improve the teaching process.
2- Paying attention to the process of teaching female students and using various methods to develop teaching and introducing modern methods to it to help make it successful and save effort and time on the student and teacher

The accumulation of knowledge of artistic and architectural creativity in pre-modern times transformed the course of art and architecture from its original state to another, forming a new identity in the field of creativity, based on the response of the modern creative to the call of modern technology and social, cultural, and economic development. Modern arts adopted a general rule upon which visual performance is based; namely, that it is based on the primitive mysticism of expression, which reveals the essence of things and the meanings in works of art. It must be emphasized that modern architecture provided us with evidence of the impetus for the process of development, and the discussion of scientific discoveries, industrial progress, and modern inventions, along with the accompanying intellectual, social, and economic transformations at the beginning of the twentieth century, calling for the establishment of new foundations for architecture, planning, and construction. In addition to incorporating the social impact of art into the simplified architectural design style advocated by architect William Morris, Morris leveraged the advancement of machinery, which opened the door to the emergence of new construction materials such as iron, steel, and glass, utilizing diverse artistic forms and new means of expression, and creating large, open, and clear spaces

The article, titled “The Problem of Otherness and Identity Alienation in Contemporary Iraqi Art,” examined the concept of otherness and its impact on the self, as well as the types of alienation caused by isolation or emigration. It argued that the opposite of otherness is identity, which in psychology corresponds to the ego.
The article consisted of four chapters. The first chapter presented the problem statement and discussed cultural transformations and the centralization of otherness, supported by questions that focused on the important central issue caused by otherness and its implications for identity and (does relative stability constitute freedom that recognizes otherness goals?) and then the importance and purpose that reveals this, and even the spatial boundaries defined by visual art within Iraq and the temporal period (2016-2024). The objective is to study the works of Iraqi artists and then define the terms.
The second chapter contains two sections. The first section is entitled “The repercussions and concept of otherness and alienation,” which clarifies the meaning of otherness as being contrary to identity and that alienation is psychological and social. The second section is entitled “Representations of identity between otherness and alienation in contemporary Iraqi art” and deals with the stages of visual art since the beginning of the first missions , wars, siege, occupation, and chaos. The research focused on the recent period, as it included the achievements of most contemporary artists during the years of relative stability and freedom that have recently occurred. The second chapter concluded with a number of indicators.

This research monitors and analyzes the role that theater plays in building peace through street theater performances presented in the October Revolution، based on the basic function of theater in general and street theater in particular which presents theatrical performances to a specific audience- selected or random- in order to influence it and interact with the most important fateful issues facing it. Perhaps what distinguishes street theater is that it has a clear popular character، and this is due to the freedom، breadth and diversity of the place where this type of theater is presented in addition to the intertwined factors that give this theater freedom to deal with place and time، as theatrical performances in street theater can easily move to the place designated for them as well as at the specified time- this is what the research will address in the experience of street theater in the events of the October Revolution- and street theater shares with other theaters some of the characteristics that can make it a theater that can be effective and influential in the subject of (building peace some of whose characteristics skills and mechanisms overlap with the characteristics of street theater، and thus street theater can be an effective artistic arena in building peace. It achieves its humanitarian goals that seek to achieve a state of rejection and confrontation of all forms of oppression and violence and incites the recipient to struggle to achieve the values of peace. Therefore the research was divided according to the following structure:
Chapter One: It is the methodological framework that includes the introduction، then the research problem and the need for it. Then (research methodology- methodological framework) the importance of the research، and the goal of the research، which is to identify the mechanisms and tools of peace building and activate them as communication techniques in street theater for their positive effects on the recipient in building peace. Then the limits of the research and the most prominent keywords.
Chapter Two: It is the theoretical framework. This chapter included two topics focused on achieving the goals of the research، which are: Topic One: The researcher addressed peace studies، references، concept and work. Peace building and street theater. Skills and tools for peace building and theater.
As for the second topic، it talked about، street theater، a vision according to the sociology of theater.
The third chapter monitored the research procedures، which were as follows: the research community، research samples، research methodology، then an analysis of the play “Smoke”، then the results، discussion and conclusions، then a list of sources and references.

This research is concerned with studying the effect of the coefficient of thermal expansion of magnesium carbonate in high-temperature glaze، Where the aim of the research was: to detect the effect of thermal expansion coefficient of magnesium carbonate in high-temperature glaze.
The second chapter deals with the theoretical framework، and it is divided into three axes، where the first axis deals with the study of the thermal expansion coefficient. As for the second axis، it was concerned with (Magnesium Oxide (Mgo) )، while the third axis is concerned with high-temperature glaze.
The third chapter dealt with the research procedures، and the researcher carried out physical examinations of the clay and pottery models longitudinal shrinkage.
While the fourth chapter is about the presenting and discussing the results and of the most important conclusions drawn from the research:
1. Getting the lichen glaze technique in the glass layer is the result of adding magnesium carbonate to the glass mixtures at a rate of (10%).
2. When increasing the ratio of magnesium carbonate to 25% from the glaze mixture led tothe crawling in some parts of the glass layer.
3. Adding magnesium carbonate by (50%) it led to the thermal expansion of the glaze layer greater than the thermal expansion of the pottery body and thus obtaining the crazing glaze technique.

This article studies (Nostalgia in the drawings of Mansour Al-Saeed) This study included four chapters. The first chapter dealt with the problem of the article its importance, and the need for it then its goal and limits, and defining and defining the terms included. The research problem dealt with reconsidering the methods, mechanisms, and rules on which the painting was built so that the artist adopts the content of his visual texts from his social reality، based on the multiplicity of references and his artistic vision, so that each artist has his own style. Which prompted the researcher to adopt it according to its compatibility with the structure of society, and to reveal how the contemporary Iraqi painter interconnects the local influence and the cultural heritage in his visual texts, outwardly, inwardly, and metaphorically. Based on the above، the researcher formulates his questions: How was the structure of the visual text revealed in Mansour Al-Saeed’s drawings in highlighting the identity of contemporary Iraqi drawing?
Did the artist (Al-Saeed) rely on the local environment and cultural heritage in constructing his visual texts? How was the artist distinguished by the uniqueness of his artistic style? What foundations did the artist adopt to consolidate his local and Iraqi identity?
The aim of the research included: revealing nostalgia in Mansour Al-Saeed’s drawings.
While the third chapter included the theoretical framework، containing two sections، which are as follows:
The first section: The concept of nostalgia، and the second section included: approaches to nostalgia in contemporary Iraqi painting، The third topic: Journeys of the artist’s experience (Mansour Al-Saeed)
while the third chapter contained research procedures according to the research community of (30) artistic works، while the research sample was chosen intentionally، and amounted to (3) artistic models. The fourth chapter included results، conclusions، recommendations، and then proposals.
The most important results of the search are:
1- Nostalgia can be a reaction resulting from recalling or ruminating over painful memories and situations with a surrounding psychological impact، meaning that it changes its space-time data، whether this difference is radical or partial.
2- There is an active presence of the concept of heritage in the artist’s works through its social representations، placed and recorded in his works.
Among the most important conclusions:
1- The artist demonstrated the transmission of heritage through his works، which we learned about as a historical extension that demonstrates that society grows through its connection to heritage.

The authors conducted a study on the importance of educational tools in teaching the subject of art education and their methods of use in the intermediate stage. The first chapter addressed the article methodology، including the article problem، hypotheses، significance of the research، research boundaries، research terms، and research methodology. The second chapter included the theoretical aspect in the first section of the research، where the researcher discussed the nature of educational tools and their uses from a teaching، psychological، emotional، and cognitive development perspective، as well as information storage. The second section referred to the principles of art education، its teaching methods، types، and educational objectives. The third chapter، which is the practical aspect، included the research methodology، which is descriptive analytical، and the research community of art education teachers in the holy city of Karbala in Iraq، totaling (120) schools، with a sample of (60) consisting of (35 teachers and 25 female teachers). The research tools used by the researcher included data collection tools and the validity of the tool construction، which were observation and a questionnaire divided into two axes، each consisting of (5) questions (items)، totaling (10) items based on a three-point Likert scale. After obtaining the results، they were discussed with the hypotheses، leading to the final results and recommendations. The results concluded that educational tools have a positive significance in sensory perception and expanding the learner's imagination in art education teaching methods، as well as a positive significance in the interaction between the teacher and the learner in the classroom through art education teaching methods.