Journal of Al-Farahidis Arts

This research aims to study a prominent rhetorical phenomenon in ancient Arabic poetry, which is the opening of poems by question, whether the questioning is real or rhetorical, and the research does not see this phenomenon as a verbal enhancer only; but analyses it within deep textual strategies that involve the role of this method in highlighting the dialogue of absence and the presence of memory, by evoking the absent past, and showing the effect of memory in the formation of these introductions, as the poet turns the silent speech into the end of the axes using the question to break the silence of the place and its interrogation, through careful reading of selected models of ancient Arabic poetry.

The concept of interpretation (ta’wīl) has been defined differently by philosophers, legal theorists, and exegetes, and it is often linked to exegesis (tafsīr). Here, however, the focus is on grammatical interpretation: departing from the apparent meaning of an expression toward an alternative construction that aligns with grammatical rules. Grammarians use interpretation to reconcile established principles with examples that seem to contradict them. Although they employ it frequently, they did not provide a precise definition, except for Abu Hayyan’s remark that interpretation occurs only when a prevailing norm is contradicted; if a form represents the consistent usage of a particular Arab tribe, it is not subject to interpretation.
Interpretation is also connected to reading as a re-engagement with the text and an exploration of its possible meanings. Meaning emerges through reading and response, yet interpretation remains tied to the text itself. Grammatical structures may be either clear and self-evident or in need of interpretive analysis, and texts differ in their openness to interpretation—some accessible to specialists generally, others only to those firmly grounded in knowledge.

Existentialism is one of the most recent and authentic intellectual schools of thought, reflecting the state of tension that has gripped the world in the last century, as humanity has lived with the anxiety of destruction and the threat of annihilation. Therefore, it has placed the human self at its central focus, influencing the phenomena surrounding the human self, which has earned it widespread popularity in the global cultural landscape, especially with the flourishing of existentialist literature by a number of prominent philosophers and writers who embraced this philosophy, most notably Paul Sartre.
Contemporary Arabic novels have witnessed a significant influence of existentialism, focusing on understanding the essence of life through an understanding of human existence. This research, therefore, focuses on analyzing existential questions and their semantic impact in the novels of Latifa al-Dulaimi, given her characters' preoccupation with and interaction with these questions

The Rhetoric of the contexts of verses on spending for those in need.
This study explores the rhetorical features of the Qur’anic contexts related to material spending on those in need, including not only the poor and destitute, but also those whose material needs are established by Islamic law, such as parents, spouses, children, and other dependents. This type of spending represents a foundational aspect of social responsibility in Islam and serves as a reflection of the believer's obedience of divine commands. The research highlights the eloquence of the Qur’anic discourse in addressing this obligation, analyzing a range of rhetorical devices such as metonymy, simile, metaphor, emphatic restriction, and syntactic features like foregrounding, repetition, and contrast. These tools are employed to emphasize the importance of spending, and to influence the emotional and moral response of the listener.
The study further examines the various contextual settings in which material spending is addressed, showing how the Qur’an connects giving with the attributes of faith, familial duty, and social justice. The analysis demonstrates how the divine speech differentiates its rhetorical approach according to the recipients, employing commands and obligations when referring to family (parents, spouse, children), and using exhortation and encouragement when referring to the poor and needy. This variation reflects the depth of Qur’anic rhetoric and the precision of its structure and message.
Keywords: (Qur’anic Rhetoric, Spending in the Qur’an, Those in need, Qur’anic context, Rhetorical Devices, Qur’anic Discourse, obligatory spending.

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This research, entitled [The Semiotics of Passions in Muhammad Abdul Bari's Diwan (It Is No Longer Blue)], aims to reveal the most prominent manifestations of passions and emotions in the texts of the diwan. It concludes that the passions that dominate the poetic discourse of the poetic self lie in: the passion of anxiety, the passion of love, and the passion of belonging. The research also seeks to examine the value system of passions in Abdul Bari's texts, striving to uncover the sources of the passionate self, its subjective vision, and its emotionally charged implications for the stages of the passionate process, represented by: emotional awareness, readiness and preparation, passionate formulation, and moral evaluation. The research focused on describing the process of emotional meanings and how they progress through a graph of ascent, descent, and intensification

The student of grammar needs to look inside the text to know the substitution, and to
to reveal its techniques and the integrity of its structures that ensure the consistency of its form and coherence, and lexical substitution is an aspect of grammatical coherence and its treatment in modern studies depends on the relationship that arises between the linguistic elements within the text, and the idea of the research is based on the existence of a relationship of opposition between the two elements of substitution, i.e. (the replaced and the replaced, especially after I reviewed many studies and research that were written about textual substitution, and reflected the views of their owners about substitution in grammar or in the Holy Quran, and this research came with the hope of removing the confusion that these scholars fell into, and I divided the research into an introduction in whic I explained the meaning of substitution linguistically and technically, the meaning of lexical and grammatical substitution, and three axes. The first axis was titled: The advantages of substitution and its types, including kinetic substitution, literal substitution, and nominal substitution. In the second axis, I explained grammatical substitution in detail. Then I discussed actual substitution and verbal (sentential) substitution in the third axis. A conclusion in which I explained the most important results that the research reached. Based on this division, I began to show the resources in which substitution occurred in the Holy Quran; and to explain its effect on lexical cohesion.
And the interconnection of its parts; and determining its meaning

Certification: It is the granting of Zakat, which is the growth of the soul with what it has the status of nourishment for the body, and the principle of recommending is denying what is despicable in word or deed and its truth is the reporting of what is involved in a person, and the purification of the reprehensible morals arising from the evil of the stomach, speech, anger, envy, miserliness, and love Goodness, love of the world, arrogance, and wonder, and the Almighty said: The Zakat of conscience has succeeded in its zakat that belongs to the soul in the sense of acclamation, and acclamation is also from zakat, meaning: purification, or growth, and it is said that testimony of witnesses: a statement of their suitability to testify and recommend money: to pay what is required of Zakat. One of them is indeed praiseworthy, and one of them is praiseworthy, and one of them was praised by the Almighty, and to him he intended by saying: The one who prays it has succeeded, and the second by saying as recommending justice to others. And for this reason, it was said to a wise man, what is not good, and if it is true, then he said praising the man himself, and according to the previous sayings. Whenever a slave gets rid of the slavery of Satan and the soul, he is the most pure soul, the purest religion, and obedience to his Lord

This research aims to study the change in linguistic semantics phonetically and morphologically, as a result of the difference in Quranic readings, the multiplicity of morphological forms, and their effect on generating meanings, in the book Languages of the Quran by Al-Farra' (d.207 AH), which included a large number of transmitted and anomalous readings. The change in meaning was not a contradictory change between readings, but rather a difference in diversity and expansion in meaning. This difference may be in the arrangement of letters, or by adding a letter to the letters of a single word, or by replacing a letter with another, and it may be in the derivation of words such as the active participle, and the passive participle.
Al-Farra's approach appeared clearly in citing readings with their chains of transmission or with the chains of transmission omitted, and he often attributes the readings to their owners, or to the dialect of a tribe that he names, and chooses from them and responds with evidence and justification based on the speech of the Arabs.

Newspapers and magazines contribute to raising environmental awareness among citizens to enhance knowledge of environmental issues and build awareness of measures and methods to create a clean and healthy environment. This research seeks to determine the role of Iraqi newspapers in promoting the participation of academic elites in environmental awareness campaigns. The researcher used a descriptive survey methodology by identifying the main features and characteristics of the research population. The study found a statistically significant positive effect of the role of Iraqi newspapers in promoting the participation of academic elites in environmental awareness campaigns (p < 0.01). It was found that for every 1% increase in the role of Iraqi newspapers in promoting the participation of academic elites, the participation of academic elites in environmental awareness campaigns increased by 0.889%, thus confirming the first hypothesis of the study. The study also found that Iraqi newspapers have established interactive platforms, both online and in print, that allow for seminars and open meetings with academics to discuss specific issues

This study examines the role of Iraqi newspaper websites in promoting awareness of human rights issues and public engagement, amid increasing reliance on digital media as a key source of information in modern society. These platforms significantly influence public awareness through both positive and potentially negative content, shaping perceptions, attitudes, and behaviors. The study adopts a descriptive approach using a field survey and structured questionnaires to evaluate how audiences perceive the role of these websites in selecting, framing, and presenting human rights-related content. It also highlights the growing impact of digital platforms on public opinion formation, information dissemination, and civic engagement, and stresses the importance of guiding their use toward meaningful content that fosters a culture of human rights, supports social development, encourages responsible media consumption, and reflects the ethical and cultural values of Iraqi society

This study investigates public relations discourse in Iraq within the context of digital transformation and the growing challenge of misinformation in digitally mediated environments. Adopting a qualitative descriptive-analytical design, the research analyzes official digital communications issued by selected Iraqi public institutions to examine structural communication patterns, strategic orientations, and transparency indicators. The findings reveal that digital platforms have significantly enhanced institutional visibility and communication speed. However, digital transformation remains largely operational rather than strategically integrated. Public relations practices predominantly rely on reactive correction strategies, authority-centered messaging, and centralized discourse structures, with limited proactive monitoring or dialogic engagement mechanisms. While transparency and credibility reinforcement contribute to institutional legitimacy, predictive misinformation management systems appear underdeveloped. The study concludes that Iraqi public relations communication is in a transitional stage of digital maturity, requiring stronger strategic integration of digital monitoring, proactive narrative framing, and participatory communication practices. These findings contribute to crisis communication and digital public relations literature

This study aimed to analyze the content of digital coverage of artificial intelligence (AI) topics published on the Tech World website during the period from February 1 to April 30, 2025. The analysis was conducted on a sample of 138 topics collected during the study period. A content analysis form was designed based on the categories of “what was said” and “how it was said.” The “what was said” category included AI-related topics and their types, while the “how it was said” category covered media frames, directions of coverage, and sources of information. The analytical results revealed that news articles ranked first among the published content, accounting for 44.9%, followed by reports at 34.8%, and then analyses at 13.8%. Regarding the classification of topics by AI categories, generative AI technologies topped the list with 26.8%, followed closely by cybersecurity topics at 26.0%. In terms of media framing, the technological progress frame ranked first with 34.7%, followed by the development and innovation frame with 21.7%. As for the directions of coverage, the majority were neutral at 48.5%, followed by positive coverage at 29.0%, while negative coverage came last at 22.5%. Regarding sources of information, the results indicated that news agencies were the primary source at 30.4%, followed by reports and studies at 26.8%.

Electronic journalism represents a communication model within the framework of communication and media sciences. It is also considered one of the primary sources of information upon which individuals and society build their positions and attitudes regarding current events on the local, regional and international scene.
Given the characteristics and features of electronic journalism, such as its global reach, speed of access, interactivity, multi-media presence, and low cost, we found it necessary to study and research it through an important segment of society, namely university students, who are considered the most users of these media due to their various needs, including educational ones, and due to the need of these media for people with knowledge and experience in the field of modern technology and its various media.
This research aims to monitor the extent of university youth’s exposure to electronic journalism, and its relationship to their prioritization of issues, and to describe this relationship, and to know the type of electronic newspapers that they use most, and to monitor their attitudes towards them, and to research their effects on them, arriving at general results and hypothesis testing results, which can be employed in the future in the field of scientific research

In the current era, countries are increasingly focusing on combating cybersecurity threats that impact both individuals and institutions. Addressing these threats requires enhancing cybersecurity awareness across all segments of society. Specialized agencies, such as the "Media Office of the Iraqi Ministry of Interior," play a crucial role in raising awareness and educating citizens about cybersecurity risks and protection methods.This study aims to assess the effectiveness of the Media Office in increasing cybersecurity awareness among Iraqi citizens, with a focus on analyzing the content of publications on the office's official website. The study employed content analysis methodology to evaluate the effectiveness of the Media Office's strategies and the citizens' response to these publications.The results revealed that the Media Office heavily relies on official and credible sources, and the adopted strategies have proven effective in raising cybersecurity awareness. Additionally, there was significant interaction from citizens with the published content. The study confirmed a clear relationship between the Media Office's strategies and increased cybersecurity awareness.The study recommended measures to further enhance the Media Office's role, including improving current strategies, expanding the scope of media campaigns, increasing event documentation, providing training programs, and conducting periodic studies to measure impact and refine strategies based on the findings

In the past decade, homosexuals have actively sought to publicly express their individual orientations, leading to the emergence of a tangible homosexual community that has advocated for equal rights, such as the right to marriage, freedom of expression, decriminalization of homosexuality, and equality before the law.
These demands were met with political movements that facilitated the efforts of homosexual advocates by enacting same-sex marriage laws. This situation was leveraged to gain voter support and secure leadership positions in Western and European countries. Conversely, an opposing public sentiment emerged, rejecting such facilitation for homosexuals, which was also exploited by other political parties, leading to the rise of political and societal polarizations.
In Iraq, however, the legal promotion of homosexuality does not appear imminent. It is unlikely that political parties will compete to legislate in favor of homosexual rights in the near future, owing to Iraqi society's culture that prioritizes religious opinions over legal ones. Nevertheless, Iraq should strive to avoid adopting laws that may spark societal conflicts in the future