Muthanna Journal of Administrative and Economic Sciences

The present research aims to study the psychological (job burnout) and pragmatic (access to power) consequences of workplace ostracism and explain its reflection on job performance level of a sample of employees at set of governmental directorates in Diwaniyah province (specifically 198 employees). The sample involved college of economics and administration in Qadisiya university, the general directorate of education, directorate of health and directorate of municipalities. The study hypothesized that workplace ostracism increase level of job burnout and reduces level of access to power. In addition, the study supposed that job burnout and access to power mediate the relationship between workplace ostracism and job performance. A questionnaire, which are designed by previous studies, was used to collect the study data. The study findings conformed the hypothesis and according to these findings a set of important recommendations were formulated.

Key words: Workplace Ostracism, Job Burnout, Power, Job Performance

This paper investigates the role of entrepreneurial orientation in different dimensions including(innovativeness, proactiveness, risk taking) in reform of basic roles for the university and its function such (teaching process, scientific research functions, social service function). This paper uses a sample of size (50) of academic leaders in the university of Al-Qadisiya .
Results show that the colleges are interested in the innovativeness and proactiveness activities in teaching process, scientific research and social service

The research aims to study one of cost and administrative contemporary technology, namely technology concurrent engineering in order to release its role in achieving competitive advantage of four dimensions: to reduce costs , improve quality , reduce the time of the design and manufacturing, assembling and marketing. In addition, to provide sufficient flexibility to respond to the needs and desires of renewable customers.
This research is an exploratory study of the opinions of sample workers in 'Light Industry Company' administrators, accountants, engineers and technicians. In order to test the research hypotheses, questionnaire has been designed to include (20) questions directed to a sample of (50) members of the employees of the company research sample. A set of statistical tools have been used: Mean percentage and standard deviation as well as the use (T test). The study would be accepted If the mean exceeds three bikes from the size of a Likert five degrees relative weight of more than 60% as well as the calculated value of T greater than Tabulated value at 0.05 level.
After analyzing the survey results using statistical tools ,the most important results that have been reached that concurrent engineering technique can help economic units to achieve competitive advantage through their ability to reduce costs and improve quality and reduce the time and provide sufficient flexibility to respond to the needs of customers.
Keyword :-
Concurrent Engineering , Competitive Advantage , Least Cost , High quality , Customer Responds Time , Flexibility .

This research aims at contributing in solving a realistic problem ,and to shed light on a host of challenges (problems) facing service organizations (Baghdad teaching hospital) with the application of the principles and dimension of international standard (ISO26000:2010) to the diagnosis of the gap between reality the actual in Baghdad teaching hospital and the ISO requirements 26000.
The research also aims to diagnose the attention of (Baghdad teaching hospital) about this vital issue to ensure the achievement of social benefits. The focus on the overall benefit of society, as well as deepen the understanding of the dimensions and the principles of social responsibility and ways applied through the application of special rights of workers to ensure their safety and protect them, are the major concern, since they are considered a resource of the organizations resources. The researcher has used a number of formulas that guarantee the diagnosis of the gap between the standard and the reality of the application at location respondent. The researcher also has used the (check list) for the diagnosis of the reality of the requirements standard (ISO 26000: 2010) site respondent.
The study concluded that the is a weakness in the recruitment of some of the dimensions and the principles of social responsibility within the work of the organization. This is due to the lack of awareness- raising in the area of social responsibility and a lack of specialists in the area of their business.

This research presents a theoretical and empirical framework on the relationship between positive psychological capital and organizational Improvisation from Entrepreneurial Behavior perspective, the research examined effect of (self efficacy, optimism, hope and resilience) on entrepreneurial behavior and organizational Improvisation. With data collection from sample of (65) persons from members of Teaching organization in Ahl al-Bait University in the holy Karbala, the researcher tested research hypotheses by using multiple
regression analysis for mediator variable.

The study aims to test the relationship between the profit distribution policy and the market value of shares of commercial banks published in the Iraqi Stock Exchange by using the financial analysis ratios (MV and DRP) which reflect the market value of shares and dividends. This relationship was examined by testing the results of (5) commercial banks for the period (2011-2015). The results of the analysis showed a strong statistical significance between the distributed profits and the market value of the shares in the commercial banks, as it became clear that there is a direct relationship to increase the market value of the shares in case of increasing the dividends distributed to shareholders. The study also recommended that the interest of the joint stock companies in general and the commercial banks in particular should strengthen the relationship between the management and the financial analysts because they have a clear effect in determining the relationship between all the financial elements including the value of the shares.

This study aims to identify the elements of professional responsibility of internal auditor, which is represented by independence ,objectivity, integrity ,transparency, and rehabilitation as well as the scientific competence , experience, public and personal motives. In Addition , it aims to demonstrate the impact of these items on the fight against financial and administrative corruption, which spreads from the viewpoint of auditors in most government units. The researchers hope to identify the relative importance of each item and come up with results that contribute in raising the efficiency of the units or internal control departments in the government units to provide guidance and recommendations related.
As part of the theoretical part of this study and to achieve its goals, a review of previous studies is done in addition to the view of researchers in this field. The inductive approach is adopted by using a questionnaire, which was prepared scientifically in consistency with the variables of the study. It was distributed to a sample of (61) auditors (in units of government in the city of Samawa- Muthanna governorate).
The questionnaire was analyzed through using statistical programs and variety of statistical tests. The study found a set of conclusions .the most prominent is that both the independency and credibility, in one hand, integrity and training of scientific expertise, on the other , are considered as fundamental and necessary to measure the auditors efficiency standards. In the same time, they are the key factors in the fight against financial and administrative corruption. Building sections or units of Control and Internal Audit for the application of domestic and international auditing standards will improve and raise the efficiency of internal auditors.
The study made a series of recommendations. the most important is that the government units have to develop efficient performance of internal auditors by working to improve the quality of the basic elements of the responsibility of professional internal auditor, which is the independence, objectivity, transparency. In addition to support and develop of devices and methods of modern control in the country because it is one of the essential tools used in the fight against financial and administrative corruption.

The aim of the study is to find out the concept and the origination of private morning education program and stand up to the reality of its application in Iraqi universities in order to shed Light on the study sample of Muthanna University and find out the extent of the contribution of the private morning education program to maximize the university resources ,which contribute to cover a small part of the educational establishment expenses the inability of the government funding of their coverage as a result of the financial crisis faced by the country. thestudy also showed applying to this program as well as the amounts received through the comparison between the semesters (2015-2016)and(2016-2017).
The study recommended the need to speed up the instructions for this program , legislation and working to increase the proportion of seats allocated for students who wish to enroll in the morning education program and do research contribute to the evaluation methods of delivery workers and stimulate within this program through the reduction of a small percentage of earned it revenues and distribute such incentives and the development of strategy morning for education and the private through which universities are considered productive and cost by returning ,as well as granting universities more flexibility in the implementation of the morning education program.

This research deals with an important economic issue, an economic reform, which was applied in many countries of the world under the auspices of the International Monetary Fund and World Bank, as the subject seeks to identify the extent of the role and impact of this reform in the process of attracting foreign direct investment, so it has become the issue of reforming the economy Iraq is an urgent and essential need in light of the many distortions that have occurred as a result of wars and economic and political districts unstable conditions, as well as international economic developments and global openness and the tremendous technological progress that has occurred in all fields, which deprived him of Iraq for decades.
In the face of this situation, the importance of rehabilitation of the Iraqi economy and triggers the adoption of economic reform policies and purposeful from behind to influence the performance of macroeconomic indicators and to correct its course, was accompanied by Iraq to privatize its economy, forcing it to resort to foreign direct investment due to the inability of local resources for the fulfillment of what it takes economic growth of resources.

This study aims at measuring the relative efficiency of secondary public school at Al- Qadisiyah province-Iraq for the academic year (2014-2015), by using Data Envelope Analysis (DEA) according to VRS. Using the size of schools, the number of teachers and number of classrooms as inputs, and the number of students successful as output.
The results concluded that Alfaliq, Albashir, Alfirdus and Al- Shamia parapartory schools have achieved full efficiency, and Alfaliq is a reference school for inefficient schools in the Al-Qadisiyah province, while Albashir, Alfirdus, and Shamia are references to most of the inefficiency schools in the Al-Qadisiyah province.
The study has found that there are wastes by 21% in the use of inputs of schools in this province, where its efficiency average 79%, while the scale efficiency has indicated the possibility of expansion in the schools of this province by 14% until the size and economic optimum is achieved. Also, 19% of the schools in the province suffer from a significant increase in the number of students admitted, and 77% of those schools do not reach the optimum economic size, which reached only 5% of those schools.
The results indicate that the schools in Al-Qadisiyah province to reach the current number of successful students and achieve full efficiency, it should reduce the input of students enrolled from 22848 to 12582 students, or 45%, and the number of teachers from 1631 to 968 teachers, or 41% and classrooms from 565 to 438 Hall, or 22%.
Therefore, the decision maker’s in school administrations, which do not achieve the efficiency required by studying the reasons that lead to the order to know the weaknesses in their inputs to be able to exploit the resources available to it well by comparing these inputs with those in reference to them. In addition, a political educational must be drawing process of accepting students in school in the province scheduled so ensure that students assemble in a school without the other, and in the area without the other, as well as planning for the establishment of new schools or the expansion of old schools, especially in the districts and areas of the province to accommodate the growing numbers of students.

Key words: Al-Qadisiyah Province, Efficiency, DEA, Scale Efficiency, Peers Schools.