Managerial Studies Journal

The study aims to reveal the impact of information ‎technology infrastructure in its dimensions (human ‎component, hardware, software, database, communication ‎networks) on the employee’s job performance through its ‎contribution to improving his/her performance of the tasks ‎assigned to him/her and specified in the job description. ‎And engaging in contextual performance behaviors, as well ‎as reducing his/her adverse behavioral performance, in ‎order to improve job performance. The questionnaire was ‎used for data collection and to confirm the existence of a ‎relationship between the study variables. Depending on the ‎disproportionate stratified sampling method, (420) ‎questionnaires were distributed to employees in the ‎General Company for Ports of Iraq, and (385) retrieved ‎forms were analyzed using the statistical programs (SPSS. ‎V.24; AMOS. V.24; and Excel 2010). The results showed ‎there is an impact of the information technology ‎infrastructure on improving job performance. The study ‎recommended attention should be paid to the development ‎of information technology infrastructure in line with the ‎advantages it offers in improving the performance of the ‎company's employees and thus, improving its general ‎performance. The Limitations of the study lay in that it ‎was limited to one of the public sector in Iraq. As practical ‎implications, the results of the study that have been ‎reached there is a need for development of information ‎technology infrastructure, which will be reflected in ‎improving job performance and thus raising the level of ‎the company's overall performance.‎

This study aimed to discover the effect of‏ ‏paradoxical ‎leadership on organizational innovation through the ‎mediating role of knowledge sharing. This study was tested ‎in five public sector hospitals, and the questionnaire was ‎used as a tool to collect data from a sample of (338) ‎respondents. The results showed that paradoxical ‎leadership has a positive effect on organizational ‎innovation through the role of knowledge sharing as a ‎mediator in this effect, because knowledge sharing among ‎employees allows the organization to access a variety of ‎information, and this encourages the willingness to adopt ‎organizational innovation.‎

The current research aims to improve the performance of ‎the operations system in the General Company for ‎Chemical Fertilizers using the sequential relationship of ‎sustainable integration of the supply chain. And discuss ‎the results that reinforce this trend. The researchers have ‎built a conceptual model for the flow of process system ‎paths in the General Fertilizer Company, based on the ‎sequential relationship of sustainable integration of the ‎supply chain, using descriptive methods based on ‎questionnaire analyzes to test the significance of the ‎relationship and the impact (of sustainable integration of ‎the supply chain) on the level of overall performance of the ‎system of operations, and it was supported. Some of the ‎available quantitative methods, relying on the combination ‎of the descriptive and quantitative approaches, in order to ‎be accurate in the results. The most important conclusions ‎of the research is that the General Fertilizers Company, the ‎subject of the study, still lacks a conceptual framework that ‎organizes its main components, unifies and directs them ‎towards improving overall performance. The research can ‎also take broader and deeper dimensions by expanding the ‎theoretical aspects, and increasing the size of the field of ‎study, but the current research was limited by the available ‎theoretical studies and methods of analysis.‎

Today, the success of organizations depends upon their ‎scientific and technological abilities to cope with the ‎dynamic changes in an industrial environment. ‎Accordingly, the organizations are definitely to adopt new ‎techniques, systems and methods during the stages of the ‎production processes so as to increase their profits by ‎increasing their production and offer products of high ‎quality that comply with the customers' requirements for ‎the sake of development, continuity and existence.‎
‎ The researchers carried out the frame of the problem of ‎the study by performing field visits and repeated personal ‎interviews to Basra Factory for Plastic Industries. The ‎research problem followed the following question: What is ‎the impact of the process technology on achieving the ‎sustainable competitive advantage through the role of the ‎agent for the interactive design? The data was collected by ‎having designed a questionnaire distributed to the study ‎sample of (65) individuals. The data was treated and the ‎hypothesis of the study was tested by using a statistical ‎procedures (SPSS. V 23), (SmartPls), (Eviews). The results ‎proved that there was an abstract positive impact relation ‎between the process technology and the competitive ‎sustainable advantage by the existence of the role of the ‎agent for the interactive design.‎

The research aims to show the importance of lean ‎production in achieving continuous improving ‎advantage.The lean production one of the modern and ‎contemporary systems, and what this system reflects from ‎important and beneficial aspects for the company ‎represented in reducing costs and waste. The research ‎problem is not all companies adapt the iean production, ‎especially local ones, for contemporary systems, which ‎aims to achieve a set of objectives, including operational ‎and strategic, The research attemptes to address this ‎problem.On this basis, the research was based on the ‎premise that there is a positive correlation and impact ‎between the techniques of lean production and the ‎advantages of continuous improvement. The analytical ‎descriptive approach was used, which provides a detailed ‎description of the researched case.The data were collected ‎through a questionnaire prepared for this purpose.‎

The study aimed to discover the effect of decreasing carbon ‎emissions on firm value and information asymmetry‏.‏‎ The ‎study also tested the effect of information asymmetry on ‎firm value. The study develops and test a new hypothesis ‎that carbon is effect on firm value and information ‎asymmetry. The empirical results confirm the hypothesis. ‎The data of Saudi firms listed in the financial market for ‎the period 2010-2019 were used. The study concluded that ‎there is a significant impact of carbon reduction on the ‎value of the company and the asymmetry of accounting ‎information. There is also an impact of the asymmetry of ‎accounting information on the firm value.‎

This study aimed to reveal the determinants of the financial ‎structure and their impact on the financial performance of a ‎sample of companies listed in the Iraq Stock Exchange. ‎The study sample consisted of (43) companies listed in the ‎Iraq Stock Exchange which include (16) companies from ‎the banking sector, (10) companies from the industrial ‎sector, (5) companies from the insurance sector, (7) ‎companies from the tourism and hotels sector (5) A ‎company from the service sector, for the period (2009-‎‎2018). The financial performance is represented by ‎profitability indicators measured by return on assets ‎‎(ROA), return on equity (ROE) and return on investment ‎‎(ROI). ‎
The descriptive statistics and multiple regression are used, ‎in addition to the use of some statistical methods such as ‎‎(arithmetic mean and standard deviation), as well as the the ‎program (Eviews v.12). After conducting the analysis of ‎the study data and testing its hypotheses, the study reached ‎several conclusions, the most important of which are:‎
There is a statistically significant effect of the determinants ‎of the financial structure on the financial performance of ‎the companies of the study sample sectors, and we ‎conclude that the determinants addressed by the research ‎represented in (company size, growth rate, company assets ‎structure) had an impact on the performance structure The ‎financial return represented in the return on assets, return ‎on owners' equity and the return on the invested capital.‎

The experience of Islamic and conventional banks in ‎providing banking services and reviewing the volume ‎traditional of banking services provided by each type of ‎those banks, whether Islamic or conventional for the time ‎period (2009-2019), which was adopted as a basis ‎traditional for study in both Islamic and traditional banks, ‎and after the study sample was determined for Islamic ‎banks, which were represented in (Iraq Islamic Bank, Elaf ‎Islamic Bank, and Kurdistan Islamic Bank) and the study ‎sample was for traditional banks were (Bank of Baghdad, ‎Gulf Commercial Bank, and North Bank for Finance and ‎Investment) and by analyzing the financial statements of ‎each bank and compare it with other banks of the same ‎type (Islamic / traditional) and by comparing the total ‎results of each group of those banks with the other group, ‎a number of important results have been reached that ‎confirm that both Islamic and traditional banks are a tool ‎for integration and development of banking work in the ‎country. This integration can be seen in the superiority of ‎Islamic banks over traditional banks in some of the ‎banking services they provide, such as documentary ‎credits, while we find that Islamic banks have lagged ‎behind in providing some other banking services if their ‎performance is compared to that of traditional banks, but ‎the thing is worthwhile. It is worth noting that what is ‎taken into consideration is the commitment of Islamic ‎banks to the rules of Islamic law (such as the obligation to ‎stay away from usurious transactions), which would limit ‎some of the Islamic bank’s activities, which will be directly ‎reflected in the volume of financial returns or reduce the ‎scope of banking services provided by those Banks, which ‎would make traditional banks in continuous progress and ‎superiority over Islamic banks because traditional banks ‎perform these without services commitment to legal and ‎fiqh controls.‎