Khazayin of Economic and Administrative Sciences

The birth of the knowledge and technology economy brought about a tremendous revolution that produced many developments in various fields in general and in achieving human development in particular, as this development requires the preparation of trained and advanced scientific and technical cadres in order to work on ease of dealing with this enormous scientific and technological revolution in information and communications. The study examines the implications of the knowledge economy and human development and the extent of the ability of Arab countries to reach them.
The most important thing that the basic objectives of the study focus on are fundamental facts through which it seeks to identify the concept of the knowledge economy, the mechanisms and extent of achieving human development, and the extent of contribution to the development of the human element. The study starts from the hypothesis that: -
The knowledge economy has achieved an accumulation of knowledge embodied in information and communication technology, and this has become an essential feature of the global economy, but the reality of political and economic divisions between Arab countries and the dependency and exposure of the Arab economy to the outside does not enable these countries to contribute seriously to the production of knowledge in general and transfer their economies to Particularly in the knowledge economy.
The study concluded that the main role in achieving human development is through what is practiced by government institutions and the private sector by providing the environment by government institutions and opening the way for members of society to work by increasing job opportunities on the condition of availability of educational qualification, especially for trained workers in companies and institutions of the private sector. In order to increase labor productivity and improve product quality. The study recommended the need to establish research and cultural centers for members of the community that contribute to the preparation of government institutions and interest in science and scientists and encourage them to do more research and scientific experiments and take care of development and scientific research and benefit from the research they provide, especially if it increases the welfare of the economy

Management Since the early stages of its emergence and development, there have been serious discussions to deal with the human resources owned by the organizations, one of the most important human resources issues at the present time is the core competency of human resources. Excellence has become an important feature of the business world. Managers and employees in organizations are considering the excellence an approach to create competitive features that deliver high quality products and services to customers. This research tests the relationship linkage and effect between the core competency for human resources and organizational excellence, the problem of the research is the impact of core competency of human resources in the achievement organizational excellence in the public company of electrical industrial. A questionnaire was used in data collection depending on the distribution of (58) questionnaire to the research sample. Data were analyzed using (SPSS) program. Using a number of statistical tools for tests the research hypothesis. The research found set of conclusions, one of the most important thinks was, that there is a linkage and impact relation between core competency for human resources, its variables (leadership competency, intellectual competency, self-management competency, make decisions competency), and organizational excellence as a whole. The research came out with many suitable recommendations.

The development experience in Iraq is included among the failed experiments. Although it possesses the capabilities and components that can contribute to development success, it has failed in its development experiments, and this is diagnosed through the high rates of poverty, unemployment, and corruption, which leaves us wondering about the underlying causes. Which led to its inability to push development, and this made us present the research problem represented by analyzing the impact of subjective and objective factors on the process of development push in the Iraqi experience, and the study concluded that there are reflections of internal and external factors that appear in the form of direct and indirect relationships, and in order to have an understanding We decided to study it through three sections.

This research aims to identify the extent to which the transformational leadership style is applied in achieving the behavioral requirements of subordinates in the General Company for Electrical Industries, and to identify the extent of the factors and variables that affect the application and practice of the transformational leadership style in the General Company for Electrical Industries. The problem of the research was in the form of research questions: What is the extent of the impact of Transformational leadership in subordinates’ behaviors and is there a significant relationship between the two variables? The researcher chose the two hypotheses (there is a statistically significant relationship between applying the transformational leadership style and achieving the behavioral requirements of subordinates) and there is a relationship between the effects of transformational leadership in achieving the behaviors of subordinates. The research relied on the descriptive analytical method and the use of the statistical package (SPSS) to analyze the data. 60 questionnaires were distributed randomly, of which 44 were retrieved. Thus, the retrieval rate reached 75%, noting that the study population was 65 individuals. A number of results were reached, the most important of which was showing that practicing the change pattern leads to behaviors Subordinates in the General Company for Electrical Industries. It was also shown that there are some obstacles and determinants that affect the application of the transformational leadership style in the General Company for Electrical Industries.

The research aims to identify sovereign wealth funds while highlighting the role that these funds have in providing the necessary funds to reduce external indebtedness as a non-traditional source of financing, and that Iraq, with its material and natural capabilities, makes it able to establish a sovereign fund in a way that guarantees the reduction of the agreement of external indebtedness and its effects. The bad effects on the economy, and the results of the research showed that sovereign funds work to diversify the assets of the investment portfolio in times of financial shocks in light of the global economic conditions through long-term investment. Iraq is required to establish a sovereign fund that works to absorb and counter oil price fluctuations by controlling revenues and savings, maintaining the stability of the general budget, and thus achieving economic stability.