Journal of Engineering and Sustainable Development (JEASD)

Intelligent techniques used to solve problems that are difficult to address with traditional techniques. This paper describes an implementation of Genetic–PID controller to enhance a permanent magnet direct current (DC) motor system response; Genetic Algorithm is searches algorithm with high-quality solution effectively to improve the transient response of the controlled system. The proposed algorithm can find a PID control parameter set effectively so that the controlled DC motor system has a better control performance. Finally the proposed approach has been tested and compared without controller and with classical PID controller. The simulation has been performed using MATLAB (version.7).

In this work the designe and time anylises of an adaptive signal controller to coordinate traffic signals at two ende of one-lane road to support two-way traffic is obtaind by using Complex Programmable Logic Device (CPLD) . A sensor will be positioned at each end of the road to detect cars entering and leaving the road. Time will be allocated to traffic in each direction according to traffic flow measurment obtained from the sensors during each 5-minutes period. An XC9500XL CPLDs is used to implement the design schematiclly by using Xillinx ISE Design suite 13.2.Key words: Traffic Signal Controller, Schematic Design,CPLD XC9500XL, Xillinx ISE

This study represents an effort to study the effect of driven pile type and relative density of the sand on the evaluation of bearing capacity of pile under two different types of loading, compression and tension (uplift) loads. Results of the observed failure load compared with common methods have been used to predict and calculate pile load capacity in case of compression and tension loads. Three types of piles were used in this study these were (precast concrete pile, closed-ended steel pile and open-ended steel pile). New values proposed to the bearing capacity factor (Nq) and the lateral earth pressure coefficient (K). These factors are functions of relative density of sand (Dr %), (L/D) ratio and pile types. Also new charts were proposed to determine the (End bearing pressure) and the (Uplift load pressure) depending on (L/D) ratio and relative density of sand, and the types of pile.

Fingerprint-based recognition is one of the most important biometric technologies which have drawn a substantial amount of attention recently. This paper proposed a fingerprint recognition adopting a multilayer back propagation neural network as decision stage and using high pass filters (horizontal and vertical sub band the out from 2-D DWT) as estimation rotation region is first stage. The output of this stage is used as input to 1-D DWT (multi-order of low pass decomposition) as feature extraction for fingerprint. Next the normalization for each feature vector is performed to reduce the size of storage and increased the learning speed for the neural network. The evaluation tests were carried out on the proposed algorithm using a database of fingerprint images. A perfect results of recognition (99%) results was achieved by using correlation measurement. we identify the fingerprint by comparing the other fingerprint features with shift position and changed angle to the measurement of performances.

The main aim of this paper is analysis and modeling different types of call admission control, using Multi Cell admission control algorithms (MC-AC) algorithm in the communication systems over using Single-Cell Admission Control (SC-AC). The analysis of the technical issues that is related to communication systems will help the operators in the field of telecom sector, in some way that provides the ability to improve the quality of service of the communication system. The simulation model takes into consideration the effect of multipath fading and signal to interference noise ratio that degrades the quality of the service, and it shows that the diversity techniques is a very important technique to deal with multi path fading channels. The traffic model of this paper expands the performance of three types of service classes: the voice calls, multimedia, and video. The class services were categorized to real time and non-real time services upon the priority of the service.

This research aim to study the Influence of mix proportions on the impact resistance of high strength concrete, Trial laboratory batches were used including as follows: -Normal concrete mixture (C1) as a reference mix ((w/c) = 0.45, without admixtures);-Four concrete mixtures (C2, C3, C4, C5) prepared by fixing (w/c) =0.45, and using different amount of super plasticizers (0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.00)% as a percentage of cement content, respectively; -Four concrete mixtures (C6, C7, C8, C9) prepared by reducing and fixing (w/c) = 0.30, and using silica fume = (15)% as replacement of cement content and different amount of superplasticizers (1.25, 1.50, 1.75, 2.00)% as a percentage of cement content; and -Three concrete mixtures (C10, C11, C12) prepared by fixing the amount of superplasticizers (1.50)% and using different (w/c) = (0.40, 0.29, 0.27).Results show that Mixture C11 prepared with (1.50%) addition of superplasticizers and (15%) addition of silica fume leads to (90.29%) increasing in the compressive strength and records an improvement in the impact resistance by (725.56%) as compared with the reference mix. On the other hand, all of the mix proportions lead to an increase in both compressive strength and impact resistance for all the mixes.

An experimental method of batch leaching was studied to obtained chlorophyll pigment from dehydrated alfalfa using ethanol – hexane mixture as solvent. The aim of this research is to study the extraction kinetics and the effects of temperature (30 – 60)°C, solvent concentration of ethanol (40% to 60%) and particle size (0.2 – 0.5, 0.5 – 1.0 and 1.0 – 2.0)mm as well as the effect of gathering, drying and transport of alfalfa on the extractability of total chlorophyll from dehydrated Iraqi alfalfa. The maximum extraction value of chlorophyll obtained was found to be 0.31% of alfalfa. The major part of the extractable chlorophyll is water soluble type, which could be used as pigment in toothpastes, soaps, shampoos and medical products. A batch leaching model was developed and solved numerically. The model parameters were predicted by applying existing experimental correlations and data gathered during this work. The model allows us to predict the rate constant and the saturation capacity with various temperatures. In addition, the activation energy and the frequency factor of the leaching process were also determined and found that the process is an endothermic process with activation energy equal to 30.7 kJ/mol.

This paper presents an experimental investigation consist of casting and testing of twenty four rectangular simply supported reinforced concrete beams. Three of the tested beams were made with conventional concrete (CC), five with reactive powder concrete (RPC) and sixteen as hybrid beams of the two types of concrete. RPC is used in tension zone (at the bottom) in ten hybrid beams and in the compression zone in the other six beams. Experimental results show that the stiffer load-deflection behavior is obtained with the increase of RPC layer thickness (hR/h), steel fibers volumetric ratio (Vf) and longitudinal steel ratio (ρ) for hybrid beams with RPC in tension as well as in compression. However, the effect of (ρ) is more pronounced than that of the other factors. Using RPC in compression is found to be more effective than using RPC in tension.

This paper presents, optimal design for the software defined radio (SDR) based Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) using modern software programs from Mathworks and Xilinx. The SDR mode have to be used which is extremely in meeting the increasing demands of the wireless communication and mobile industry. Nowadays, all digital communication systems need to easy adopted with more complicated coding and modulation techniques. The shortest and efficient paths to design an FPGA using MATLAB, Xilinx System Generator, ModelSim, synplify Pro and Integrated Software Environments (ISE) software tools is introduced in this research. The floating point design in MATLAB has been moved to fixed point values using the most attractive and friendly Xilinx Digital Signal Processing (DSP) system generator software a model based approach associated with assistance software from Mathworks and Synplicity. Result obtained shows an important utilization in Look Up Table (LUTs) and Slices in FPGA design.

The aim of this research is to study the ability of solid waste utilization in the University of Technology due to large amount of waste produced which could be considered as a natural resource for the country.The research continued for six month , number of samples were 2520 from all department in the university .After collection samples were separated by hand to paper, metal, plastic , organic food, wood, glass and other.The Result revealed the variation of solid waste components with the domination of paper. Organic matter which constituted 18.66% could be used to produce soil conditioners. Recycled and reused matters comprised11.7% could also be advantageously used .The remaining which amounted 24% could be sent to landfill. Monthly calculations for production rates of solid waste from each department of the university the highest production the Wlthural Electronical Servies 171.7 Kg/day in March 2013. Solid waste results compared with the waste produced from other universities, University of Technology was the large amount of solid waste production. Statistical analyses were done to represent the scatter of each component about the mean value.

Noise is a prominent feature of the environment.of all the sources of noise pollution, road traffic is the most prevalent and perhaps damaging source of noise pollution. The objectives of this study are to investigate the level of noise pollution which comes from traffic near Al- Wasity, Al-Elwayia and Zayed hospitals in Baghdad city. An instrument for the measurement of noise level was used on noise pollution was administered. Measurements of noise level were carried out on daily basis from (1-17) November and December during working days, also traffic volume was taken manually from 7:30 am to 2:30pm for the intersection in the study area and near the hospitals. HCS computer program was used to evaluate the level of service for these areas near the hospitals and the result show that the level of service was F. The daily averaged noise levels measurement inside and outside the hospital during day time were so high than the current day time environmental noise limit requirement according to Guid line. Finally some suggestion was given to reduce the noise level in this area.

Heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop for water flow inside circumferential ribbed tubes with different rib dimensions have been determined experimentally. The data of ribbed tubes were compared with that of a plain tube. The experimental test section is a horizontal counter flow concentric tube heat exchanger with circumferentially ribbed inner tube. The ribbed tubes tested in this investigation have the ranges: circumferential depth from 0.5 to 1.5 mm and axial pitch distance from 5 to 15 mm. Water was used as the working fluid, where hot water flows in the inner tube and cold water flows in the annulus. The test runs are done at water flow rates ranging between 0.1 and 1.0 m3/h. The inlet cold and hot water temperatures are between 20 and 30 °C and between 40 and 60 °C, respectively. Comparison of experimental data of circumferentially ribbed tubes with smooth tube have shown that the heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop, quantified by means of Nusselt number and friction factor, are around 1.92 to 5.61 and 1.25 to 3.41 times higher than smooth tube depending on the circumferential geometric parameters and mass velocity of the working fluid.

The basic problem of this paper is building designing steps of direct current (D.C.) motor by using one of MATLAB software facilities called m-file. This will provide testing of motor characteristics and motor performance on model instead original. Program also be used for testing motor performances and for testing motor prototypes because it provides possibility of changing motor dimensions and parameters with acceptable given limit. This is especially desirable for large D.C. motors over 50 kW, because testing of motor for different kinds of load and testing motors dynamic can prevent some malfunctions and damages of motor. More about essential motor dimensions and parameters that are crucial for building a motor steps design will be discussed further in paper. Motor dimensions and parameters calculation in m-file which contains different kinds of core materials will be compared with motor theoretical calculation. This software can also be used to enhance teaching of D.C. motors course.

The concrete is tested non destructively to determine its mechanical properties (compressive strength) which is considered as the main property and the parameter used in its evaluation. This research aims to establish a fairly accurate relation between the ultrasonic pulse velocity and the concrete strength. The concrete was poured in the moulds [(30) cubes of size (150X 150X150)mm] are used to test ultrasonic pulse velocity for each size 10mm and 20mm coarse aggregate. The samples tested by ultrasonic test with direct ultrasonic pulse velocity (DUP) for each sample. The results obtained from the experimental work are analysed and studied by using statistica software. An empirical mathematical equation is derived by using statistic software program. In this paper the effect of maximum size of aggregate (20mm and 10mm) size on the result of ultrasonic pulse velocity.

Primary to higher education is experiencing the ignorance of the principles of sustainable development which has crippled the Education’s ability to confront the vast challenges facing Iraq’s transformation to the Sustainable Development. The Universities in Iraq have the major responsibility to educate the present generation; represented by the youth undergraduate students and enable them to be fully aware of the challenges to development in Iraq; Unilateral Resources, Food Security and Corruption. The Sustainable University represents the excellent opportunity to flourish a knowledge base developmental human capacity through applicable research and field experiences that would enable the undergraduates and Academics to be in close touch with environmental sustainability, human and social capacity building, and utilizing the infrastructure and services at the university to support the institutional sustainability as much as providing the opportunity to Education for Sustainable Development.This paper is investigating the present condition of Education in Iraq and the possible contributions of Higher Education in the transformation process towards Sustainable Development in Iraq through Sustainable Universities.