LARK JOURNAL FOR PHILOSOPHY , LINGUISTICS AND SOCIAL SCIENCES

Coherence means the existence of a relationship between the parts of the text of the test's sentences or its paragraphs; or it is a moral relationship between one element and another in the text and the necessity to interpret this text that has many consequential facts. If the sentence refers to a certain truth regarding a group of words, the sentences sequences will refer to that group of truth. So, the text has to reveal the moral relationship that most of the time can be seen through the tools of the text.

The paper, entitled "Animal Symbolism in Saad Saeed's Kholdologia: An Ideological Reading," attempts to explore, through the significance of animal symbolism, ideological topics, and other topics related to the self-struggle with the other. These topics were exemplified when the novelist overemphasizes the use of the symbols in his novel in a condensed way to transform them into other symbols especially when he examined the Arab folklore about animals, history, and reality in his narrative experimentation.
The study investigates many symbols used and the novel and overlooked more to open the space for other scholars to examine. It aims to focus on the main symbols related to the main themes in the novel such as the clash of civilization, the west-east conflict, the relationship between the self and the other, and the relationship of the individual to power.
Based on historical facts and political reality, the study concludes how the symbol fabricates its web to bring all the contents of the novel together such as the theme, history, and ideology. Hence, the symbol, based on the metaphoric language equipped, makes all these elements relevant to the artistic structure of the novel and its main themes.

The Holy Qur’an is a holy book, its miracles are many and never end, and it delights the beholder with its joy, and among these miracles is the linguistic aspect in it. Which there are other verbs in the Qur’an that have the same connotation, we will refer to them later. The reaction (perish) is found in sixty-eight places, and it has many connotations, including: disbelief, going, spending, fazaa, and others, to reach the intended meaning. As for the rest of the verbs close to ( perished) which are corrupt, destroyed, eroded, ruined, demolished, scattered, annihilated, refuted, destroyed, and earthquake

This research focuses on the meaning of the term Gnosticism and the genesis of the word, as well as the influence of Gnostic poetry on the modern poet. The origin of the word Gnostic, it's not Arabic, it's translated to the Greek world Gnosticism and its meaning knowledge. The idiomatic meaning of the word was adopted, and those seeking the explanation of this term will discover that it has multiple definitions due to the word's ambiguity. A scholar of poetry in general, and Sufi poetry in particular, cannot ignore the importance of interpretation, which is necessary to comprehend the meanings and mysteries of poetry. According to some, Sufi and poetic experiences are similar in numerous ways, and numerous researchers have discussed these similarities in their studies on the relationship between Sufism and poetry. As a result, we have followed the Gnostic poetic experience of both the Arab poet Adonis and the Iraqi poet Khazal Al-Majidi in their respective poetry collections (Khazael). The reason for focusing on these two groups, in particular, is that the poet Adonis published his poetry collection (This is My Name) after reaching the age of forty, and he was given the Alawie name (Ali), which has meanings in the Alawia sect, which is strongly tied to Sufism and Gnosticism. While the poet (Khazal Al-Majidi) composed this collection amid the Iran-Iraq war and his overpowering sense of impending death, he acknowledged this fact numerous times in his book (The Poetic Mind) and the introduction to his poetry collection (Khazael).

Abstract
This critical approach attempts to search for the existing and dominant “psycho-narrative” dimensions in the novel (Zukak al-Jumjm) by the Iraqi novelist Bayat Maree, through an important path related to loneliness and loss. Upon finding these representations through important paths that were divided into two sections, the first: (representations of moral loss), as it included a number of representations related to loss such as asylum, widowhood, spinsterhood and personal alienation, While the second section, which was entitled (Representations of Sensory Loss), included a parallel aspect to the methods of understanding loss and loneliness when we dealt with it in a lot of research and follow-up, the case of losing a husband, losing a brother, losing friends and loved ones. The study included narrative representation through clear texts and then standing on the sensory and psychological induction areas of the characters that these representations infiltrate, because this dominant clearly contributed to determining the intellectual and psychological path of those characters and placed them under the pressure of loss to show a set of psychological behaviors reflected on Narrative and general structurء

The researchers have presented many studies about Al-Amidi as a critic, in which they dealt with specific aspects in his approach and critical stances. Though examining the samples and identifying the details of the critical approach, no research and applied studies were presented that examined the textual structures that may be varied in reading and differentiated in their meaning. The investigated sample has several aspects of deliberate change to obliterate the features of poetic identity. Hence, it was produced by a poet who possesses a depth of vision that qualifies him to lead the process of modernization in poetic performance in an era in which the influence of heritage prevailed widely and covered the possibilities of transgression and development in performance.

The duality of light and darkness has an ancient connection to human existence. It is an opposing duality that brings together under its title many other dualities such as good and evil, freedom and restrictions, faith and infidelity, justice and injustice, and many of the binaries related to human existence and pouring into the circle of the eternal relationship between good and evil, and Sayyid Hanafi in His novel. The Lady of Light, which carries a human, social, philosophical, and mystical thought, presented his view of the meanness of reality in contrast to the spiritual manifestation, which he expressed with a mystical view based on displaying the opposite duality of light and darkness. To acknowledge the literary phenomenon, stand on it, analyze it, and derive results from it, to determine the meanings of that duality as it appeared in the novel and the thought of Sayyid Hanafi.

In this research, we tried to return to the interface one of the important and rare works in the Arab comparison.In this work, the poets imitated the candle while it was burning, so they painted wonderful pictures in the embodiment of its suffering and its groans, for it is not the candle that suffers, but rather the one who wears its dress and bears the groans of its burning.

The researcher explains the manifestations of the Ego and the Other in the poetry of two blind Andalusia poets, namely Al-Hussari Al-Qayrawani and the Alaa’ma Altuttaili, in a psychological study. This is done by focusing on literary texts that harmonize with the vocabulary and images they exhibit which reflect the embodied poetic Ego with the Other expressing it, whether with the woman, as an element of his consciousness and his feelings, or the place that attracts and repels the presence of his happiness and grief. Finally, the time which he believes in its inevitable existence and the emerging psychological scenes affecting his life.

This study attempts to explain the pragmatic aspects in Imam Ali bin Al-Hussein’s sermons to his friends and other people on Fridays through the analysis of speech acts. Through the employment of speech acts, sermons participate in achieving understanding, explaining, and communication between the speaker and the hearer. The study has achieved a number of results, most importantly is that it proves that the old text is applicable to the theory of speech acts. This, in turn, proves the validity of this theory which is the core stone of pragmatic and linguistic studies. It also stated that speech acts are not randomly mentioned in the text studied, but intentionally employed to convince, affect, interact, change, and support the main issue.

The presence of the critical (ego) and its attempt to appear must necessitate the other critical (the analogous and similar) and put his perceptions and ideas of interest. The awareness requires him to build a communicative dialogue thought. This will achieve the intention that was developed in the concepts of the self and the other and their effectiveness in producing the budget book. So, the other critical has an active presence in founding, discussing, and the findings that the book shows. Thus, the construction of the monetary balancing is not established in a vacuum, but rather from previous ideas represented by the other monetary. This necessitated its continuous presence in the monetary blog (Comparison). The presence of the other monetary illuminates monetary issues and contributes directly and indirectly to the formation of monetary awareness of the author (the ego) as an exciter based. That is the exciter results in forecast-horizon that break it to produce the production of the critical discourse. Therefore, the communication between the self (Al-Amidi) and the (critical other) present occurs strongly in his critical blog (Comparison

The poetry of Miskeen al-Darmi is characterized by multiple artistic aspects, like the stylistic phenomena that are prevalent in that era, but it is different because it took special formulations by the poet. Each poet has his own style, which represents his creative ability in spreading it with techniques he used to present his ideas, which culminated in artistic manifestations that produced his poetic texts. Furthermore, to achieve the message that he is trying to convey to the recipient, using first a phonemic level represented in alliteration and repetition, secondly: contrast in syntax, presenting what should be delayed and shortened, and thirdly: using simile in semantically which spread in most of the poems of the Diwan, and on various topics, including pride in the bravery of his nation. Moreover, his generosity, his praise, and lamentation, as mentioned in his judgment and guidance, proves this through his artistic techniques.

In Western societies, the Iraqi immigrant poet is regarded as distinct and significant. As a result, the immigrant's perspective on society and the place of emigration differed, as did the perspective of western origin societies; the immigrant may be hostile to or isolated from that society, or he may be in harmony with it. On the other hand, society may accept the immigrant as a person carrying a different culture that enriches the original culture with new sources of information and experiences, or it may refuse to preserve his customs and traditions.

The goal of this study is to investigate Majid Al Hassan's poetry for its use of spatial contrast. The purpose of this study is to derive its structure and manifestations, regardless of the limitations of abstract stylistic phenomena or the surface form of poems. The objective of this study is to demonstrate the element's functional, artistic, and aesthetic value in poetry, as well as to interpret this selection in contrast construction. Along with the fundamental concepts that shaped it, most notably the visionary contradiction that culminated in the poet's genuine vision. The study examines the poetic contrast in (Majid Al- Hassan's) poetry by monitoring and analysing its function horizontally within a single text and vertically within texts belonging to the same group or poetic group, by employing the most urgent antonyms, and by identifying its various patterns and manifestations in poetry. Understanding it from the inside and revealing its contradictory secrets contributes to the transmission of a unique poetry that is inextricably linked to the text's structures and connotations, which extend beyond the superficial structure to the deep structure capable of establishing a balance between the poet's interior and exterior, and in a gradation that corresponds to the poet's developing psychological state and the tension that underpins his relationship with things. Additionally, he discusses them from a philosophical standpoint.

The event is the main novelist engine, which conveys the distinct and different and carries excitement data that are related to suspense and tension. The events of the sea are among the most important events that accompanied Hanna Mina in his novels. It appeared in the novelistic event, the adventures of the sea and the events of sea voyages, which took their extension from the environment of the writer in which he lived, and marine adventures were present in many novels. The subject matter of which was the sea and what happens in it. Through a pure narrative experience that mixed reality with imagined and penetrated the sea world and its events.

Linguistic studies in the twentieth century took two directions: the formal direction and the functional one. The first studied the linguistic achievement in terms of form away from the circumstances surrounding its production, the second direction was concerned with studying language in the general context, and pragmatics was an extension of this direction, so it was able to find successful interpretations of language in the communication process, between the speakers.

The text overlap or intertextuality is a critical term that appeared in the middle of the 20th century to form a stylistic artistic technique that imposed itself in the field of literary studies. It is a concept that is based on texts overlap and their coherence and it is a textual correlation between two or more texts to produce a new creative text and the new text absorbs or transforms another text to create new indications that can realize the artistic and the aesthetic values in the literary text. Intertextuality is a crucial concept because every literary text depends on the previous concurrent texts. The current research aims to follow the images of intertextuality in the novel because the writer was aaffected by many backgrounds, the historical, the religious, and the literary backgrounds. The research aims to uncover the most prominent mechanisms that the writer uses in the novelist text to send many sides of the novel to the readers. The researcher studies the most prominent techniques of recruitment that the writer based on and her aim in using the different types of intertextuality (the historical, the religious, and the literary) depending on the descriptive-analytical approach.

The grammarians set rules and conditions for the noun to be plural, so each plural had rules and conditions that must be followed. Writers and intellectuals must refer to those many linguistic sources, which is inevitable for those who do not know those rules and regulations for plurals, to know the use of the plural of cracking and its controls and the collection of peace and its controls. I thought that I would do a study in which I dealt with the scale of correctness in the masses of Iraqi researchers, correcting the common mistakes in the use of the masses, and clarifying the dispute between them.

The research contains an introduction, a preface and four investigations, and in the first research a presentation of the historical roots of Islamization, starting with the entry of Israeli women into the Islamic heritage and then a statement of the movement of translating science from Indian, Persian and Greek cultures to Arabic to the efforts of scholars such as Al-Ghazali, Aben Timiya and Al-Noori, and in the second research a statement of the history of the emergence of the idea of Islamization, starting with the idea of Dr. Sneezing and then Dr. Al-Faruqi and then A.D. Idris, and then adopted her at the Mecca Conference for education reform to the establishment of the World Institute of Islamic thought to apply it, and in the third research a statement of the history of the call for Islamization, starting with the efforts of individuals such as Dr. Al-Faruqi, and then the efforts of institutions such as the World Institute of Islamic thought, In addition to the efforts of states and governments as a State of Malaysia, and in the fourth research is a statement of the main objective of Islam, which is: to disengage contemporary Western sciences from the material and atheistic origins involved in them, and to reformulate them according to the origins and purposes of Islam with a knowledge methodology based on revelation, then to indicate a number of sub-objectives, then to present the results and mention a number of recommendations.

The US of America was the first country to acknowledge (Reza Pahlavi) as leader of Iran in May 1925.It arranged great relations with Iran in all fields, until the issue of arresting the Iranian diplomat (Jaafar de Jalal) in Washington and the submission of the law and great violation as per the law produced. American road traffic, completely dominating the flexible protection delighted in by the Iranian diplomat. It was an unaffected crisis that managed all its American social and legitimate lookouts. What's more, the job of the American and Iranian newspapers, as the Iranian newspapers, thus, didn't quit dropping out its displeasure at the strength of the American newspapers, which was presented to the Shah's over a wide period. The US of America, the appraisal managed US-Iranian relations 1936-1939 Raise.

The participation of women in the political process in general is one of the most important conditions for democracy, because it is an application to begin with equality between all groups of society. Therefore, all countries seek to implement this condition by ratify a number local and international conventions that enhance the status of women, and among these countries is Algeria, which is still striving to integrate women into political work. This is done through laws and legislation established by the successive Algerian governments.

The study of historical figures constitutes an essential episode in the chain of efforts made when writing history. Within the framework of the study of the modern history of Lebanon, it is necessary to continue to pay attention to writing about the personalities who contributed effectively to the modern history of Lebanon and had clear imprints in the course of the events of that history, especially in the political aspect. Bishara, which has settled in the area for decades, and some believe that this name was recently launched, while Jabal Amel has been known since ancient times The study of historical figures is an essential factor in writing history, and in studying the history of modern Lebanon, it is necessary to continue to pay attention to writing about the personalities who helped in the modern history of Lebanon and had a clear influence in on the events of that history, especially in the political aspect. The southern part of Lebanon is known as Jabal Amel or Belad Bishara. It is related to the Bishara family, which has inhabited the area for centuries and some people believe that this name was created recently, while Jabal Amel has been known for a long time The study of this character is one of the important topics in Lebanese history, through which the focus on the political events to know the role that he had so the research talks about an important figure who has proven his presence strongly in the history of Lebanon, the personality of Nassif Al-Nassar. We are talking briefly about the political developments in Lebanon. There is a relationship between that personality and the political developments, because of the great role he had taken in the history of Lebanon. He is a beloved leader, a fierce fighter, and a wise prince who suffered for the independence of Lebanon.In the beginning, he came from a family ruled Jabal Amel , it belongs to the Al-Asaad family, which appeared in the southern Lebanon region around the end of the twelfth century. After that, we talked about the circumstances of his leadership and the methods he followed in uniting the Jabal Amel region, and the statement of the alliance with Dhahir Al-Omar and Muhammad Bek Al-Kabeer, and talking about the most important battles that Nassif Al-Nassar fought in his life, and his struggle with Ahmed Al-Jazzar, who was able to defeat Nassif and kill him in the Yarun battle. As it is the only problem that stands against entering Jabal Amel and annexing it to his authority, so Al Jazzar entered Jabal Amel and desecrated it, so he killed the sheikhs and he forced people to pay taxes, then the people lived in terror and fear.

This study attempted to investigate a school problem prevailing in many schools, it was found through the conclusions that were reached that there are many factors and causes behind the phenomenon of school violence, and they were discussed in the theoretical study, as was the role of social service. The social worker in this field and to what extent does the presence of the social worker contribute to social rehabilitation and help students face the obstacles and problems facing them. In this study many scientific concepts mentioned in the research were defined, and the researcher also indicated the most important causes and factors leading to school violence The research revealed the spread and increase of the phenomenon of school violence in many schools and its various forms, including verbal, physical and psychological violence, and the negative impact of that on the student’s academic achievement on the one hand and on the extent of continuing study and learning on the other hand.

The research aims to identify the social support for women who support their families. The aims toclarify the active role of women during the conflict and after it and the most important sources of support presented to them and their role in conflicts adjournment, peacebuilding and reconstruction in the areas affected by the conflict. This is due to the important role of women during and after the conflicts at the local level similar to her role as a fighter and supporter, a leader in a community, and peacemaker at times of conflict. The study population consisted of (110) women in the city of Mosul. To achieve the objectives of the study, the social support scale was used. After verifying the stability and validity of the tools, they were applied to the study sample. There were no statistically significant differences between the social support and women's support for their families according to the variable of housing. Besides, the study showed the absence of statistically significant differences between the social support and women's support for their families according to the age variable, while there were differences in the study variables attributed to the profession in favor of free business.The study did not reveal any statistically significant differences between social support and women's support for their family according to the variable of the number of family members.

After 2003, our Iraqi society experienced a series of wars crises which result in many events including wars and terrorist acts against civilian citizens that disrupted the peace and security of our society and caused the displacement of families and many orphans, widows, and persons with disabilities. All that has taken place in a multi-ethnic, multi-religious, multi-national, religious, and clan-based society. The peace-building process has thus become imperative because Before 2003 and subsequent events. The study attempts to focus on the role of social work as a science and art that affects the peace-building in Iraqi society through learning about the reality of the academic study of social service, the nature of conflict and peace in Iraqi society, and the role of the social worker in civil society organizations in the peace-building process. This peace may be achieved through the relationship between social work and peace-building. The social survey method has been sampled to select 50 social workers working in civil society organizations.
Keywords: social service, peace-building, civil society organizations

The study aimed to reveal the level of motives behind the hesitation of a segment of Palestinian university students regarding the anti-Coronavirus (Covid-19) vaccine, and to reveal the nature of the differences in the motives of a segment of Palestinian university students’ hesitating to receive the vaccine against the Corona Virus (Covid-19) which are attributed to the variables of gender, place of residence, and educational level. The study sample consisted of (714) male and female students from Palestinian universities who were randomly selected. The study used a motivation scale. The results of the study concluded that the level of motives for the frequency of a segment of Palestinian university students to receive the anti-Coronavirus vaccination was moderate, and the order of motives was as follows: psychological motives (67.94%), extrinsic motives (67.21%), intrinsic motives (59.51%) and physiological motives (58.52). The results also found that there were no statistically significant differences at the level (0.05) in the motives for the hesitation of a segment of Palestinian university students to receive the Corona Virus (Covid-19) vaccine due to the residency variable, and there are statistically significant differences at the level (0.05). ) in the motives of a segment of Palestinian university students’ reluctance to receive the Corona Virus (Covid-19) vaccine due to the gender variable in favour of males, and attributed to the educational level variable, between intermediate diploma and doctorate and in favour of doctoral degree holders, and between bachelor’s and master’s degrees and in favour of bachelor’s holders, and between master’s degrees and doctoral degree holders, in favor of doctoral degree holders. Finally, one of the most important recommendations of the study is the preparation of guidance and awareness programs that take into account individual differences between students, and that aim to educate students to receive the anti-Corona virus (Covid-19)vaccine, in addition to conducting more research and studies on other samples, such as samples of university students from other countries, to compare them with the Palestinian reality and to benefit from the constructive development experiences in those universities.

The current search aims at identifying: The productive orientation of preparatory school teachers. Empathy of the preparatory school teachers. The relationship between productive orientation and empathy among preparatory school teachers. The significance of the differences in the relationship between the productive orientation and empathy according to gender (male / female) (and according to the specialization (scientific / humanitarian) among preparatory school teachers. The current research is limited to preparatory school teachers in Wasit governorate schools, of both genders, and from scientific and humanitarian specializations in the academic year 2019-2020. The researcher has ascertained the psychometric properties such as the validity, reliability of the three scales in two methods: firstly: by using half split, so the reliability of the orientation scale is (79) and the reliability of the sympathy scale is (56). Secondly, by using Alpha Cronbach formula, the reliability of the productive orientation scale is (88) and the reliability of the measure of sympathy is (71). The scales are administeted on a sample of 400 male and female teachers, 238 males and 162 females, randomly electronically, from both genders and from the scientific and humanitarian specializations. The results are as follows. Preparatory school teachers enjoy a productive orientation. Preparatory school teachers enjoy sympathy. The relationship between the productive orientation and empathy is positive and weak relationship, meaning the more the orientation is, the more sympathy is, and the less the orientation is, the less sympathy is. Through the research, it is revealed that males are superior to females in general and that there are no differences due to the scientific and human specialization in the relationship between productive orientation and empathy. In the light of these results, the researcher has developed a set of recommendations and suggestions to complete the current research.

The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of inductive reasoning among children and adolescents aged (11, 13, 15, and 17), as well as the significance of differences in inductive reasoning by gender and age. The study included male and female students from (4) primary schools, (4) middle schools, and (4) preparatory schools, at a rate of 10% from each region according to the geographical division. The sample size for each age group was (400) students and (100) male and female students, and the study employed the inductive reasoning scale following Spearman's theory (1926),(1962). The study discovered that all sample members have a higher level of inductive reasoning than the theoretical average and that their average scores follow an evolutionary route across their four age groups. The findings indicate that there are statistically significant differences in the extent to which individuals think across age groups. As a result, the findings imply that gender differences between children and teenagers are not statistically significant.

The current research dealt with the study of the ideological media discourse in the theatrical text through four chapters, which came to answer the question of the research problem which states (What is the nature of the ideological media discourse in the theatrical text?).
The first chapter (the methodological framework) came to the research through the research problem, its importance, goal and the need for it, which was determined by revealing the semantic representations of the ideological media discourse in the theatrical text. main search. Including (Discourse, Media, Ideological). The second chapter (theoretical framework) came into three sections. The first topic dealt with the concept of ideological media discourse through the opinions of many thinkers and philosophers who prepared the appropriate theoretical and conceptual proposal for the work of this discourse in literature, criticism, and art. As for the second topic, it came under the title: (The semantic representation of the ideological media discourse in the theatrical text), as it revealed the semantic representations of that discourse in the theatrical text through the declarative and suggestive signs and symbols that it transmits to the reader through ideological messages, as well as the deliberative and rhetorical representations that achieve the act of communication with the reader by virtue of their potential in referring to meaning. Outside the framework of the text (the outside world) and its connection to the effect of influence and persuasion, while the third topic dealt with the reading representation of the media discourse ideologically in the theatrical text, then the researcher came out with the indicators of the theoretical framework. As for the third chapter (research procedures), the researcher identified, the research method (descriptive), and the analysis model, the play of Azrael 2019, the authorship of Ghazi’s example and the reasons for choosing the sample, and then he analyzed it and reached a number of results and discussed them in the fourth chapter.
Keywords: Discourse, Media, Ideological, Text, Theater, Azrael.

Logos, in general, represent an important means of communication. Logos designed by the Arabic calligraphy is one of the most important types of design, as it is customary in most peoples of the world to use the vocabulary of their language and the shapes and symbols of their lines as important elements in the design of their logos as indicative signs to convey ideas and meanings.
The logos designed in Arabic calligraphy formed a visual reality, and no one could obscure their presence or ignore their importance. This section of the logos did not have adequate luck to study it, the researcher determined his study, and he identified his problem with the following question: What is the design structure of logos designed in Arabic calligraphy, and the researcher has determined the study of designs for the International Design House?
The second chapter, included the theoretical framework, and it contained three basic sections, so the first section was the philosophy of the logo and the second was Arabic calligraphy, a visual plastic art. His research and his intentional selection of the research samples, which amounted to (5) five models, which were analyzed by criticism and interpretation.The fourth chapter included the results of the research; from which it came: The design structure of logos designed in Arabic calligraphy, when geometric shapes are taken as a basis for their compositional construction, the Kufic fonts and the like are the ones who perform this task, while the structure adopts free systems in its forms using flexible Arabic fonts such as Al-Diwani and the Thuluth, or the designer deliberately pairs static lines Moving in that structure, then the researcher put some recommendations that continue with the results and strive to mention many proposals.

This paper focuses on studying the employment of printed media in modern European paintingand it is consisted of four chapters. The first chapter is devoted to clarifying the research problem, its importance and the need for it, its goal and limits, and defining the most important mentioned terms.The second chapter includes the theoretical framework, which contained two sections.The first section deals with media reading in the concept, while the second one included the concept of journalism, as well as the main sections of the press, while the second topic deals with two axes, the first includes the cross-fertilization of media and visual art, while the second includes collage art and Dadaism and installation work . This chapter also includes indicators of the theoretical framework and previous studies.

Continuously from the time of the ancient Greeks to the present time.the history of drama in which changes occurred in the construction and structure of the theatrical text, accompanied directly by major changes that occur at the level of the acting performance on the actor himself, followed by major changes that occur at the level of the representative performance of the actor himself, as well as comprehensive changes in the vision of the actor and director to history, society, man, and the changes are continuous, and since the theater. The child is an integral part of the forms of theatrical images, and it is presented to the child as the main engine in the aesthetic and artistic equation, being the recipient and the main center upon which the theatrical process in the child’s theater is based. the child), the question that arises here: What are the techniques that the actor uses in the child’s theater performances.
Keywords: techniques, performance, actor, text, theater, child.

The care and protection of the child are one of the topics that are given great care by Islamic jurisprudence and law as a result of the child’s inability to manage his affairs, as he is at an age in dire need of care, care, and supervision. And if he is neglected, he will suffer severe damage that will reflect negatively on him in particular and on society in general that rests upon them. Therefore, the legislation has ensured that he receives care and education from the guardian, such as the father, grandfather or mother,others, and other than that. It has assigned responsibilities to them that vary in degree according to the different legislations, but they agree in their view of the duty of education and care. Ensuring the implementation of custody in Iraqi and Iranian law when the custodian violates his custody of the child is to take into consideration the child’s interest through several legislations that guarantee him appropriate care and upbringing from the custodian and have arranged otherwise responsibilities and penalties that differ according to different legislations, but they agree in one view, and it is the interest of the child above all considerations.

Each Electoral system based on the different conditions of the state ,whether these conditions are social, cultural or political. Also, each electoral system has deficits and advantages refer to the consciousness level of the people to the electoral system. The 2005 constitution opened the competition gate between the political parties as an embodiment for Democracy by relying on a Democratic electoral system that guarantees an effective contribution for different classes of the community. As a result of the political and social conditions that coincided with the democratic shift in Iraq since 2003, and to preserve the vote of the voters from being lost or scattering , the Proportional Representation system (Open list) and the medium districts are the best between the systems. The Governorate must be consisted of more than one electoral district, and the winners of these districts are those who obtained the votes regarding the rate of each, and also relying on the individual nomination. The electoral districts are small districts with one winner for each electoral district considering the women representation, minors in the Iraqi community and as stipulated by the constitution.
Iraq passed with many Electoral operations and Electoral system variety between the closed lists systems (Proportional Representation system), and developed to the open lists systems as a result for the social development and the phase dominance. Then, the Iraqi legislator shifts from the proportional representation system of lists to the individual nomination system and the electoral districts with medium numbers. The deficits and the advantages of each electoral phase will be discussed in the two systems.

The media often resorts to framing important topics, especially the political ones, because of their importance to their goal in conveying these topics. The Baghdad Conference for Dialogue and Partnership is one of the important political issues that have occurred on the international political scene in general and the Arab and Iraqi. So it was necessary to study the frameworks of journalistic treatment used by Russia Today in Arabic for the Baghdad Conference on Dialogue and Partnership that was held in Baghdad in August 2021, especially since Russia is one of the most important countries that has its political and military weight in the region, as well as its non-attendance and invitation to the conference, which made its choice more appropriate and correct, being a neutral country that is not participating in the conference. This research seeks to reveal the topics that the study site focused on in dealing with the subject of Baghdad Conference to show the most important media frameworks used in the study site in its treatment of the topic of Baghdad Conference, as well as to identify the types of journalistic treatments that the study site used in dealing with the topic of Baghdad Conference, as this research is a descriptive one and the researcher relied on the analytical survey method, in which the researcher conducted an analytical study using content analysis for the period from 1/8/2021 to 15/9/2021 based on the comprehensive inventory method of the conference topics that reached, during the study period, (113) subjects. The researcher reached important results, the most prominent of which is that the political framework of the strategy came first among the journalistic frameworks used on the Russia Today website in its treatment of the subject of Baghdad Conference, as it came at a rate of (50.4%), in addition to that, the treatment of the study site for Baghdad Conference was. It came in the first place with a rate of (38.9%).

The study aims to monitor the volume of internal and external population movements in Iraq during the period (2003 - 2020), and try to identify the waves of displacement and forced displacement of the population and the extent of their temporal and spatial variation between governorates, as well as identifying the causes and motives behind them, and their implications, and at the internal levels. and external.

The seasons vary in the year among themselves, while they vary with the set of weather variables that make up the climatic condition in the study area for a certain time, the results during the research that were used as the Global Climate Index (UTCI), which determined the comfortable and appropriate period and months in the schedule of sports activities in the study are This year's Universal (UTIC(..

Socrates was a Greek philosopher who was interested in man and society, shifting his focus away from the search for existence and toward the search for the man himself. And that the Sophists had done so before him, but when he was moved by the great wisdom of the Temple of Delphi, "Know yourself for yourself," he looked deeper into man's core, i.e. himself. He preached a reformist message, emphasizing the need for wisdom and education in improving people's lives. He represented a reformer tendency independent of religious extremism, sophist philosophy, and the terrible socioeconomic situation that Greek society was experiencing at the time. Socrates despised numerous sophistic beliefs and doctrines that were influencing young people's minds and driving them to ignorance, as well as everything else that was changing. Socrates was able to earn people's love because he was connected to them despite the simplicity in which he lived. He urged for unchanging ideals and colleges that are not subject to change, reforming the youth and leading society. After all, he was able to discriminate between good and evil through his guiding remarks, in which he invited them to know themselves rather than what others say is good or bad, such as riches or social status, or death, disease, or social rejection. Socrates has approached society's problems from two perspectives: the first is a psychological orientation, and the second is a social orientation.

Excavated by the Iraqi State Board of Antiquities and Heritage, Tell Abu thahab is located about 45 km to the southeast of Di Qar Province in the Iraqi Marshlands. The site is oval and is divided into two parts, the eastern and western mounds, by a small river. Excavated over three seasons (2011-2013), the settlement unearthed a rich and diverse material culture, including private and public architecture, graves, and artifacts, such as ceramics and jewelry. Based on a preliminary on-site examination of the architecture and the ceramic, the excavators concluded that the site belongs to the Old Babylonian period. In this paper we will first synthesize the excavation results, focusing on architecture and tombs. By comparing this data with other sites in this region, we will attempt to reconstruct the socio-economic organization of the settlement.

The physical illustration and imagination are the main principles in poetry. Also can be considered the final factor between poetry and prose. On the other hand, imagination is the basis of Poetry. The change in non-literature speech and shift it to an imagery speech is a process with help rhetoric tools such as analogy and metaphor and others. The image that reflects thoughts, passions, feelings, believes, personal features and the internal characteristics of the poet are a certain mean to reach the different subjects to the reader. The features of Alrashid Yasmi in addition to his simplicity, rationality and having a sensitive feelings and deep imaginations are characterized with explanatory images and deep imaginations with objective and environmental phenomena. This method helps the poet to reveal his poetic images and his perception of the world to the public. Regarding the imagination strength, he catches the normal concepts and the affairs of life. Yasmi has an accurate sight and conscious to the environment and surrounded phenomena, which are considered the main characteristics of Yasmi. The researcher tried in this paper to analyze the images in Rashid Yasmi's poems. He was one of the earliest poets who accepts modernity in Persian poetry, and tried to add new color to his work. His poetry starts with new traditional trend. This paper was prepared in a descriptive and analytical method by using the library tools.

Our research deals with a comparative study, delving into the fictitious rhetorical interrogative uses in three Semitic languages (Arabic, Syriac, and Hebrew) by following those multiple figurative interrogative uses, which are for rhetorical purposes and diagnosing their varied richness. These uses vary in many meanings and using letters and different interrogative names to express the interrogative and figurative meanings (rhetorical) other than the true interrogative meaning in which those languages in question share. Although the linguistic tools for the components of the sentences in the text are interrogative, the components of the events in those sentences indicate other uses other than the meaning of interrogative; the meaning of the interrogative in the languages in the current study appears to be different in meanings such as denial, determination, sarcasm, denial, reprimand, reprimand, mourning, and multiplying, as well as it refers to other figurative (rhetorical) meanings that are specific to the Arabic language from the other Syriac and Hebrew languages. In this linguistic study, the comparative linguistic approach was followed by shedding light on the many linguistic methods that these languages share in a way other than the real interrogative meaning and using explicit interrogative tools supported by linguistic evidence from the Holy Qur’an and the Bible. The current study is concluded with some conclusions that were reached in this comparative linguistic study

Judaism religious artifacts are objects of Jewish rituals known as the Jewish religious sacred object. They are deeply rooted in sacred practices and express various aspects of Jewish customs, beliefs and traditions. Such Artifacts are of two kinds: personal and non-personal objects. In personal objects, religious people adhere to religious rituals as part of daily life that requires personal ritual substances like Tefillin, which is an obligatory religious object, Tallit, and mezuzah, while the non-personal or communal objects are the main sacramental substances found in synagogue like the Torah scroll, and the Ark of the Covenant….etc. They all of different practices; nonetheless they are customarily used in religious traditions and rites in accordance with the teachings of The Old Testament- Tanakh. Judaism religious artifacts as a term was first laid down in the Babylonian Talmud.
Henceforth, Judaism religious artifacts could be divided into four divisions: The first part is the personal ritual items that represent substances used to perform individual as well as communal prayer or private sacred practices. The second part is the communal ritual substances found in synagogue. The third part is the private ritual objects used in Shabbat and in official holidays. The Forth objects are women ritual articles used in wedding ceremonies.
The Bridal Canopy (1908) is a story by Shmuel Yosef Agnon . The novel enhances the Jewish rituals and traditions practices, Jewish religious texts reading sentiments, and the importance of prayer performances for the devote Jewish, something the author describes in most of his literary text, yet is well crystalized in The Bridal Canopy.

This article investigates and identifies the concept of the self-other representations in Islamic State (IS) posts on the FACEBOOK site. The data involved in twenty posts need to be analyzed qualitatively. The study is conducted based on Fairclough’s Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) (1995) approach and Van Dijk's (2006) ideological square model (ISD). The article concluded that IS uses several discursive techniques to positively represent the group to the public, while they negatively represent the Muslims and non-Muslims. IS deployed several rhetoric strategies to legitimatize its arguments, including actor description, authority, categorization, comparison, generalization, hyperbole, and lexicalization.

In this research, a critical and comparative study of the translation of the meanings of the Holy Koran Julio Cortés and Abd el-Ghani Melara is carried out. The study is divided into two chapters: in the first, we address the issue of the difficulty of translation, the role of Orientalists in translating the meanings of the Holy Koran.And also discuss the most important translations for several centuries and the mistakes made by the translators, when translating the meanings of the Koran. In the second chapter, we address the methodologies of the two translators mentioned above, presenting examples of their translations, and comparing them later.
Key Word: Translation, literal, explanatory, Melara, Cortés.


Estudio lingüístico de la traducción de los versículos del Sagrado Corán al español: (Análisis crítico y comparativo)

Resumen:
En esta investigación se realiza un análisis crítico y comparativo de la traducción de los significados del Sagrado Corán de Julio Cortés y Abd el-Ghani Melara. El estudio se divide en dos capítulos: en el primero, abordamos la cuestión de la dificultad de la traducción, el papel de los orientalistas en la traducción de los significados del Noble Corán y, asimismo, tratamos las traducciones más importantes durante varios siglos, y los errores cometidos por los traductores al traducir los significados del Sagrado Corán. En el segundo capítulo, abordamos las metodologías de los dos traductores mencionados anteriormente, presentando ejemplos de sus traducciones, y haciendo una comparación entre las dos posteriormente.

The description of the formulaic status of the linguistic behaviuor of the formulaic expression units (FEUs) arises from a set of universal principles underlying the mental organization and representation of language and conventionalized patterns of language use. The nature and gradeability of formulaicity can be clued-up by the statistical distribution of such units at all levels of linguistic analysis including the syntactic, semantic, and discourse levels. In addition to the existing discursive approach, the FEUs’ formulaic status must be quantitively approached and verified by a corpus-based statistical analysis of distributional frequency. Appropriate theoretical frameworks, including distributional semantics and cognitive semantics, should undoubtedly unveil formalized semantic and cognitive parameters which could better fit for the distribution frequency statistical analysis of the linguistic data. The corpus-based method allows retrieving sets of expression units to determine their formulaic status based on the frequency of occurrences in documents/domains collection. In this research, the model of corpus-based statistical analysis of distribution, proposed here, adopts two query-based information retrieval methods: (i) n-gram corpus Maximum Frequent Sequences (n-gram-MFS) for the representation for weighing FEUs’ formulaic status per n-gram corpus and (ii) Maximum Frequent Sequences (D-MFS) for weighing FEUs’ formulaic status per document/domain. The use of the proposed model offers a syetematic verification tool to weigh and evaluate formulaicity status of FEUs

The text of the Qur’an is a text that is carefully and precisely placed with high accuracy. The word, meaning and the context are compatible with each other. From here, the research started dealing with the use of vocalizations, camel, Ibel , Ishar, pointed to the known animal. and processing its use in different places of the holy Quran ,he explained the reason for using this word exclusively through the statement of the context in which the word was mentioned, mentioning the difference in meaning if he found moving to mention the Quranic readings and the statement of the meaning that resulted