LARK JOURNAL FOR PHILOSOPHY , LINGUISTICS AND SOCIAL SCIENCES

The city of Larak is one of the Ancient city. It is not easy to see the remains of its ruins, because most of it is buried under thousands of tons of soil in the many hillsides of the state hill, which researchers and archaeologists expect to be the city of Larak. When we search for its history, we find it plucked between the folds of the lines, and that its daughters are the ancient inhabitants of ancient Iraq.
Needless to say, it is one of the five cities that appeared before the flood (such as Eridu, Bad-Tabira, Larak, Sippar, Shurbak) in antiquity, and mentioned with the first states that appeared after the Flood (eg Sippar-Kish-Akshak-Larak- - Adab - Umma - Lagash - Bad - Tibira - Uruk - Larsa - Ur - Eridu), and ended at the end of the third Ur Dynasty on the Ayyamids, and mentioned in the directory of archaeological sites in the Iraqi Chronicle No. 1465 on 17/10/1935.
This site has been exposed since the fifties to the work of digging and scavenging by the detractors and sails of the effects until the upper layer of the hill scattered effects and Tmstm features, and therefore the General Authority for Antiquities and Heritage to undertake the process of excavation on the site and several seasons, the first headed by Dr. Tarek Mazloum in 1958 and the last Headed by Adnan Mohammad Reza in 2007.
The research discussed many important aspects of this city, such as its name and location, its historical roots, as well as its most important rulers and endings, and its gods and temples, and gave us the description of the site and the summary of its excavations

This research is an analytical study of the customs and social traditions associated with the phenomenon of decrees and rituals of death according to the social changes of the city of Kut, by comparing them between the past and present, according to the social transformations and culture and the specific behavioral patterns witnessed in the city of Kut. Because it is not much different from the current time than in the past in the research community, but there are some changes in the particles of these decrees and rituals such as the place of washing and burial place and methods of transport, and modern methods to transfer the deceased to the hospital for medical examination to find out the cause of death and facilitate the extraction The deceased's family begins to take the necessary measures (informing the people about the death through the mosque and other means of communication available at the time, processing the shroud, preparing the grave) and usually by relatives, neighbors and friends, not the dead.

One of the most prominent and most important cities of Iraq in the Umayyad era, because of its role in historical events, during that period of time, built in circular form and do not exaggerate by saying that it is the first city built in Iraq divided by the Tigris River to two halves and thus preceded the city of Baghdad, The construction of the Tigris River is the water supply to the city, which is divided into two halves, which are connected by a bridge that is used for crossing. The building in the round shape provided a great possibility for the defense of the city and provided protection for the inhabitants. , Has been proven The days of the effectiveness of the city and the strength of its immunity when it resisted the Abbasids for two years, and it was important that the son of Bshail to write about it and author of the book entitled Wasit history to mention the importance of the city, describing it and the most prominent of its men and flags.

Wassit Governorate has a very good natural and human resources that qualify it to be the first of the provinces of Iraq in clean alternative energy investments because of the abundance and strength of solar radiation on the one hand and the high speed of the wind especially in the summer where the demand for electricity increases. From the rest of the provinces of Iraq by this property being a combination of solar radiation throughout the year, the number of hours of brightness to more than 3500 hours per year, higher than the State of Egypt, which amounted to 3000 hours per year, but the licenses of fossil fuels used in power plants Traditional energy, has driven these projects to the ground For the distant future, and this is clear from the shy and hesitant steps of the Iraqi Ministry of Electricity, which is negligible in this respect compared to the world, but this view is narrow and limited and may reach the extent of vanishing, if calculated according to international standards that realized that profit in the long term is inevitable Renewable energy projects, and much higher than conventional energy, which drains huge resources from the state budget and the province, as well as the huge pollution caused by the Iraqi environment, which is also lost.

Although awareness of the seriousness of desertification, but the means of controlling the disease in the study area has not yet lived up to the level of threat posed by the various environmental, economic, social, cultural, political and security levels. It is therefore necessary to give them pride of place in the development plans. The search included monitor and assess, control and rehabilitation of the land desertified in the study area and the way how to stop the advance of desertification through combat and well-defined plans include direct targets is to stop the advance of desertification and reclamation of desertified land and the other involving the revival of soil fertility and maintenance in desertification-prone areas. It requires evaluation and review of the plans on an ongoing basis in order to avoid what is bad and look long-term and rational management of the resources of the natural environment at all levels and the cooperation of government effectively. Taking into account the lack of quick solutions to this problem. It can be the means of combating desertification varies from one place to another depending on the causes and the speed of desertification and vision to this problem, but there are similarities between them in general can be inserted under surveillance through meaningful to estimate the vital energy of the Earth, which is made necessary for any plans aimed at combating desertification and environmental survey as the absence of Base environmental information is compounded by the difficulty in predicting the environmental conditions. To accomplish this task requires the adoption of science and technology in desertification control and development of meteorological stations and increase the number and raise the level of coordination and exchange of information among themselves at the local and regional level to monitor weather extremes, and the rationalization of rain-fed agriculture (rain-fed) to limit the expansion of this type of agriculture to land at least adequate On the one hand the amount of rainfall. It said this expansion leads to soil degradation and ecosystem, and the rationalization of grazing by identifying energy pastures to provide for certain numbers of animals in order to avoid exposing it to damage and destruction, and the rationalization of water use through a means of irrigation and drainage more effective, such as drip irrigation, sprinkler and water rationing used even dysfunctional excessive used to soil salinization, and the use of more effective means to stop soil erosion and prevent the factors that accelerate them and install the quicksand to get to farming to be converted into a product component, and the dissemination and deepening environmental awareness at the local and state level and rehabilitation of draft general downstream by addressing the technical problems suffered by the dueindifference to great effectiveness