Journal of Kirkuk University Humanity Studies

Abstract

Style in Rhetoric Secrets

This research aims at exploring the view of Abdul Qahir Al- jurjane for style the his Rhetoric Secrets. After exploring this book ‘it was found that the linked style practically and theore tically with his view of the system . According to this ‘ he determined style that it is the same ‘ and all the arts are stylistic elements . meaning are arranged first in Soul ‘ then the pvonunciations are arranged in accordance .Similarity leaves the soul alone without ahelper. As for metaphor’ with its various shapes’it provides style with aesthetic elements ‘and gives the statement in anew image . This has an important impact on the audience .

Abstract

E. A. Robinson is modern American poet who lived between the years 1869 and 1935. Robinson who tried to present studies of psychological conditions of modern man in the material _ oriented world in fact criticized implicitly the material success of the world. The best example that comprises his view of modern man's problem is his famous poem " the Man Against the Sky ". The present paper is an analysis of poem . It aims to show the method through which the poet tries to express his views of modern man's condition .

Abstract:
An English sentence is normally composed either of a single independent clause, or two
or more independent clauses, or one independent plus one or more dependent clauses, in which case they are known as simple, compound and complex sentences respectively. In the complex sentence the clauses may be related to one another by subordination or coordination.
This paper is particularly focusing on the complex sentences that contain a subordination relation, i.e., sentences in which a main clause is related to one or more subordinate clauses. Different grammarians have given different names to these two types of clauses that appear in complex constructions. In addition to the terms 'main' and 'subordinate', some grammarians refer to them as 'independent' and 'dependent' clauses or as 'high' and 'low' clauses respectively. These various names are given to imply that one of them ( the main clause ) can stand alone by itself, whereas the other( the subordinate clause ) cannot stand alone by itself, i.e., it is always embedded as part of the main clause ( the matrix clause ).
What this paper is principally aiming to achieve is to investigate certain situations in which a user of any language, probably due to the sort of the attitude he wants to convey or due to certain situational or textual ellipsis, uses a subordinate clause alone, which is in essence part of the main clause in the deep structure, without annexing it to a main clause, i.e., without embedding it into a main clause, and yet deals with it as if it were an independent clause, as when, in speaking, he utters the sentence independently, and, in writing, he starts the clause with a capital letter and ends it with a period; and these are originally punctuation markers of a complete independent sentence.
To demonstrate this linguistic case, the paper is divided into four sections. Section two deals with complex sentence constructions with reference to coordination and subordination relations. Section three dwells on ellipsis and structural condensation that is pertinent to the case in question. Section four, eventually, exhibits dependent clauses without a main clause via those situations in language that allow for such unembedded clauses to occur alone in both speaking and writing. The paper ends with a conclusion and a list of the references utilized.

Abstract

The Russian- Iranian Strategic Under standing and its regional reflections

The present research tackles the analysis of motivations to establish Russian- Iranian cooperation and its demonstrations at the Cossak , central Asia , and Middle East especially when the Usa became a neighbor state to them . in addition to the fear of what is represented in terrorism as well as the challenge of what is called "Islamic Radical" that is shared by both Russian and Iran.
The research paper explains the reasons that push both states to establish a military and civil – nudear cooperation between them besides the negative echos of this cooperation .This is because of the international and regional countries which believe that Iran has great ambitions to own( gain ) undear weapon .

Psychological aliention and its relation with the Attituaes of Kurdish youth Towards Emigration

(Afield Study in Erbil City.)

(Abstrecct)

The purpose of this study is to find out or identify the levels of psychological alienation of kurdish youth, and to identify the nature of their attitudes towards emigration, then to find the relation between them.

The importance of this study lies in the spread of emigration phenomenen amony the youth who are considered the important and effective part of building and developing any society. Since the psychological alienated has the feeling of lonliness,shaky belonging and identity problems, one of their psychologicnl reactions will be emigration.

The sample of the study consists of (330) of the yonth inside Erbil city of both males and females whose ages ranged between(18-30) years.

The sample includs the workers , unemployed, different educational levels, marriedr and unmarried youth,

Two scales were used, one for psychological alienation and the othr for attitudes towards emigration, These cales were prepared by the researcher and their validity and reliability were obtained.

The statistical means used to analyze the data were correlation coefficient and t-test to find the significant differences among the means or to find the significance of correlation coefficient.

The results revealed that the youth suffer from psychologicnl allenation with alevel less than the hypothetical means of the scale. They also have arelatively high attitude torwards emigration. There is a positive significant relation between emigration and the youth attitudes towards emigration.
Finally ,the researcher presented some recommendations and suggestions.

ABSTRACT

This research aims to : 1- measuring the levels of social and personal adjustment and levels of aspirations of Kirkuk Technicals Institute 2- knowing the relationship between them .
The researcher prepared scale for aspiration level from (40) items, and used (Al-Sakaf , 1998) scale for social and personal adjustment .
After extracting the validity and rebility of both scales, they were applied on the sample of (210) students .
The results showed that levels are higher than hipothitic avarge in both scales, and nagitive relation is found between the variables .

The male and female phenomenon which is not follow according logic in words classification. But the situation of language is detect that this phenomenon has special logic that unacceptable to make it under the mental logic.
The basic that this phenomenon build upon is sex in most of the language. Also this attitude in all language words classification is ratio narrow view. The human tried to – after he recognize the human and animal in his language as in sex – communize this view on all of his language words. After that the male and female metaphorical appeared.
So if we searched about the logical relationship between these male and female metaphorical words, and between female and male in fact we will find a lot of words which is no relationship to sex ever. But the language followed to deal with it due to different factors – religion, community, ideological, etc – .
As a result these factors that affected on this phenomenon is changeable and it is different from society to another, so what was male in a nation is a female in other nation view.
Even the classification of words according to sex it is irregular in all language, there is another languages that classified the words according to other things without sex.
So, studying this phenomenon should be according to this phenomenon logic. And explaining the classification of male and female metaphorical words according to this phenomenon should be started from this fact. If that submitted to the restrict mental logic will make it disorder and far from detective language explaining.

Abstract
This current paper deals with endeabours exerted loy Al-sultan Mohammed the first ,known as Mohammed chalabi , in rebuibling the Ottoman Empire after he could end the civil war over power in July 1413.He canldend interior riots in Anatolia and Rumelia ,thus he ended Ibn –Qaraman riot and spread states power on Ibn –Junaid Imara and his supporters.todevote his endearour the first followed apeacefal policy with the countries neijhbowrng the Ottoman Empire . thus he could build state establishnpnts, and he deserved the title the second establisher of the Ottoma Empire

ABSTRACT

This study is entitled Phenomena of Culture in Ibn Al Jawzi Said
Al Khater where the social approach is adopted when analyzing texts.
The study consists of an introduction, six chapters and a conclusion. Chapter one deals with religious phenomena, chapter two deals with social phenomena, chapter three deals with psychological phenomena, chapter four deals with educational phenomena, chapter five deals with economic phenomena and chapter six deals with healthy phenomena.
Ibn Al Jawzi culture phenomena in his book Said Al Khater are embodied in religious, social, psychological, educational, economic and healthy aspects through his essay style that include many of his self experiments.
Some of the religious topics are discussed in this book including evidences of the existence of the Creator, importance of patience, death and warning against sins. The social topics include the merit of isolation, warning against friends and the necessity of keeping secrets. The psychological topics deal with the bad effects of anger, warning against envy and arrogance. As for the educational topics, they include the investment of time, how to read and the importance of writing books. Economic phenomena include the warning against much spending and marrying one women. As for the healthy topics, Ibn Al Jawzi warns against sexual misuse and paying more attention for health and cleaning.
The preaching religious style is clear in his style and he used repetition for the purposes of emphasis and convention as he is a preacher dedicated his life for preaching and guiding to save the society of loss.

Abstract
A missing person is the one whom nothing is known about his destiny . i.e. whether he is alive or dead . The status of the missing person is declared by a court decision. This declaration is abrogated in case of any evidence showing he is alive being present. The court shall nominate a custodian for the missing person incase he has no trustee. The custodian shall be put under the supervision of juvenile Welfare Directorate. and he exercises the same rules applied for the guardian.

By nominating the custodian the properties of the missing person shall be freed and managed by the former. This is similar to the case of managing the properties of the under aged where no property shall be sold unless it is subject to damage. Moreover. It is not allowed to buy property using his name except for what necessitates maintaining and managing his property.

Submitting her status to the judge. the missing person s wife shall await for four years ( with getting married again) during this period the judge shall spare no means looking for the missing person.


If no sign shows the possibility of his return the judge shall wait. If the one acting on behalf of the wife has a deputy who manages his affairs the judge shall order him to divorce. After divorce the wife shall spend her period of waiting after which she may be allowed to remarry. During the period of the missing person s absence. His wife has the right to spend from his money even if her missing husband has not really consummated the wedlock ( he had not have coitus with her) because he is the party on side of whom this situation had happened. The state of absence ends by the death of the missing person and the court shall have the right to declare him dead if it has a decisive with regard to his death and if four years have passed since decisive evidence or if he was missed in certain conditions that make his death more probable with two years after declaring his missing .

The day of issuing his death shall be regarded as the date of his death after which his inheritance shall be divided among his heirs who are alive at the date of his death issuance. In case the missing person returns his properties shall be brought back to him. In case his death is affirmed whether legally or really. his properties shall be delivered to his inheritors.
On investigating the provisions concerning the missing person the issue regarding his trustee is raised since it has not been talked neither in the chapters of deputyship provisions nor in those of the missing person ones. After the death of the authorizer missing person the authority which he gave to his deputy shall be terminated unless a decision of otherwise is to be issued by the court. This matter was of a highly controversial nature.

The Recalling in Arabic poetry
( Mahmood Darwish ) As asample .

Time has it's in fluence in the literary works , for exemple ,short story , novel and play based on time and place , so no events happened unless it has it's own time and place and also Poetry , it's just like story and novel it relats with tine and place .
One of the most important technique which most the litrany works depend on is the recalling ( flash back ) and most of the poets usled this technique as any other techniques , using recalling depend on the poet's culture and his abilty to use this sort of technique and weather it's suitable with his poem or not .
Rechalling is one of the techniques of time which the Poets bonowed from other literay gender like novels and plays and like other poet Mahmood Darwish ased this type of technique in his own way in his dramatic Poetry and as some critics called in the narrative device in poetry or the narrative style in Poetry . The recalling is to shift the events from the psychological moment in the present time to apsychological moment in the Past and ilmost use to connect the present events with past events to show the readers the beauty of the Poetry .

Reading of the scope of
Environmental damage



The environmental damage consider the first step . which don’t through it make the question to the person which caused about the damage result from the wrong act.
From this base, Environmental consider the source of liability from the satisfaction
So , if the environmental has end the clam of the civil liability rejected .
The environmental has charities with special nature , which conflict in very time with the special legal rules of environmental .
In sometime the environmental be indirect or could not be define the responsibility of damage , or the effect of pollution could not be seen directly but we need to sometime before it be discovered .
At the result , the evidence of the cause of relation which be difference , between the damage and wrong act.
Out the other hand , the pollution it not resolution with the political borders of countries and district .
However , it transfer between the states without visas .
So , in this case , the international form for conflicts of liability .
Here , the problem appear , when will be the conflict connected with more them one legal system , which required intervention of state of person who are damage against the state of wrong act.
And the international responsibility which appear.

Many specialized and unspecialized in Accountancy have to understand the statements ,especially the cash flows statements. They also have to extract the basic information on the economic unit performance which helps them in making their good investigation and financial decisions . At the same time, the use of the financial ratios in analyzing the cash flows statement help in managing the financial needs to cover the needs of the economic unit. In general, this research tried to achieve basic hypothesis, which is that the making cash flows statement the beside the other statements, and the use of the financial ratios in analyzing this statement provide a high degree of confidence in decisions made by the management and the employees. As for the problem, it is on the flow and deficiency in financial structures for the economic unity.

Abstraect


The Egyptian movements succeeded befor the war of Octobr , led by president Sadat , to make an active Arab solidarity. This led the wining of the first war with Israel . It was called (the Arab Alliance of Octobr) .

The Octobr war contributed in uniting the Arabs against Israel . It was an occasion that made the Arabs know their military and political powers . The Arabs have supported thus case militarily , politically and economically . The use of the oil as a weapon in the battle was a god example of this economic support , and led to make Western Europe and Japan understand the Arab case better than before .

Iraq had a very prominent role in this battle economically and militarily . The Iraqi army entered the battle from the beginning . The Iraqi pilots flew with their Egyptian brothers in raiding on the Israeli airports and targets . The same happened in Syria , where the Iraqi troops participated with the Syrian troops against Israel . Without the interference of Khalid bin al-Waleed Brigade of the Iraqi army , Damascus would have been occupied .

Abstract

Its clear thought this study that Al-Baradoni was of a fertile imagination full of pictures and inspirations that stem from his inner self . These factors from many mental images that are reflected in his poetry . His proportional worry and his supposing of things around him affected considerably on the being of his poem . For that reason, he abode himself with a type of poetical writing . He was suffering from psychological pains stating from the death of his mother when he was still a child , then the poverty that remained with him till the end of his life . One the other hand , his feelings towards his society and country as well as the circumstances through wich he passed incited him to change this reality making fun of the government ruling at that time . these events as well as his trying to prove his poetic and linguistic faculties were the main factor behind his use of strange images and linguistic expressions invented by his rived imagination. For that reason his mental images were not classical and traditional but were nearer to surrealism .That is manifested in his recent works whose titles refer to that direction.