Journal of sustainable studies

The current research aims to know the effectiveness of the program based on social learning (Pandora's theory) in the achievement of fourth-grade literary students in literature and texts. Two groups, experimental and control, the researcher herself studied the research sample, and the researcher prepared a test for literature and texts, and after applying the test to the research sample and analyzing the results statistically, it became clear that the experimental group outperformed the control group in the post test.

Studies on women have gained an important part of the writings of researchers and historians، as they are an integral part of society، in addition to their prominent role in preserving their family and building a generation.
The situation of women in Qatar was not different from what it was in other Arab Gulf regions, as this situation has gone through history in stages, during which Qatari women were subjected to restrictions imposed on their rights and freedoms. As a result of the developments and renaissance witnessed by the State of Qatar, and the efforts made by the Government of Qatar for the purpose of developing and empowering women for the purpose of obtaining a real role for women in building society, being half of it, and because of the lack of studies that have been conducted on them, the issue of empowering Qatari women and the extent of their participation in social and economic life is And politics in Qatari society is a research problem that must be studied.
The study was divided into an introduction, a preface, two axes, and a conclusion. The first focused on Qatari women and the labor market, and shed light on the implications of education for Qatari women's work in all state educational, economic, commercial and health departments. As for the second axis, it focused on the political participation of Qatari women, and the conclusion indicated that The most important conclusions reached by the study.

Abd al-Tabib is considered one of the veteran poets who realized Islam and lived in it. The sources have presented different sources between the two eras; It was poetry ignorant of its words, style and method, but he embraced Islam and Islam entered Islam, his poetry somewhat; And that is from the beginning of the poems, and starting from the beginning, in three axes: (the orders, the symbols, and the description of the camel), and the effect of what was mentioned in poetry, and Abda bin Al Tabeeb by Dr. Yahya Al-Jubouri Veteran Poet.

The noble Qur'an is a book of light ,knowledge ,guidance ,a comprehensive approach, and a statement of all aspects of life , and what a person needs ,in terms of knowledge, which limits his relationship frameworks to his righteousness , himself and his society . it is a book of education , and a heavenly preparation ,based on belief in the one and only God ,Lord of the worlds.
The Holy Quran calls for every virtue , and forbids every vice . He develops in humanity the motives of the prosperity , raises in humanity the motives righteousness , and detains creatures from all evil and corruption , and this topic came through the lives of the prophets, peace be upon them , on this divine approach to the education of their people , and the Holy Qur'an came in his advocacy speech that establishes this divine approach and frames its characteristics Education with a unique divine statement , just as the call of the prophet , may God's prayers be upon him and his family ,in her educational speech confirmed this approach and supported it .It is indisputable that the dilemmas and woes that humanity suffers today is due to its diligence to listen to this heavenly guidance and pay attention to it .

The research begins with preface and two enquiries : the preface discusses about three concepts in linguistics idiomatic which are : the experience , religion , Pragmatic Philosophy .When explaining that the two other enquiries are introduced: the experience motives in William James and its requirements .The second enquiry :The general principles of Pragmatic Philosophy and its components in William James .The research ends with conclusion that investigate the most important results that the researcher reached after it introduced the research before the preface an introduction that discusses the most important issues of her research questions in in William James philosophy

This research dealt with job performance and its importance to the organization or institution, where work performance enjoys a distinguished position in any institution; Because it is the end product of all its activities, and the longest survival of the organization depends on the outstanding performance of its employees.
This research also dealt with the most important factors that affect job performance, limited to the main factors, as there are factors related to the individual employee as well as the work environment, which he often does not have control over. Among the most important external factors resulting from the organization or institution are the organizational factors that significantly affect the performance of the employee, as well as the material resources, and there are major internal factors, which are individual capabilities and motivation factors that play an important role in improving the level of his performance if they were provided by the organization’s management or the institution.

This study aims to shed light on the levels of the human soul, and ways to improve it, as the Holy Qur’an has given the human soul full care in making the human self what is meant by guidance, direction and divine guidance, with the aim of reforming the nation beginning with reforming the human soul, and to achieve this goal we divided this The research is divided into an introduction and three main topics. The first includes the concept of the human soul by exposing its definition and meaning to each of the language people and the terminology of jurists and interpreters, from the various Islamic schools of thought.
While we shed light in the second topic of the research on the levels of the human soul and the position of the people of knowledge regarding it, while the third and final topic we discussed through it the ways to elevate the human soul according to the Qur’anic perspective.

The researcher sought to achieve a main goal: to identify the motives of university youth watching the Taiba series and the satisfactions achieved from it, this series that was shown in the blessed month of Ramadan 1443 AH, 2021 AD, as well as identifying the utilitarian motives and revealing the reality of the rituals that drive university youth to watch this series. And the investigation of content saturation achieved for university youth as a result of that argument.

The current research aims to know the training and practice of smart education and its impact on the attitudes of Arabic language teachers towards distance education, and a research tool (the scale of attitude towards distance education). (60) teachers and teachers, and after applying the experiment, the researcher used the SPSS statistical program. The result showed that there were statistically significant differences between the attitudes of Arabic language teachers in the research sample towards distance education and in favor of the experimental group trained according to smart education.

In the midst of the recent conditions and developments and the accompanying suspension of most of the world's institutions, including educational, the demand for virtual education has increased more than ever before. Although modern technology and its accompanying applications have invaded most homes, departments and institutions, teachers and workers in the educational field suffer from a heavy workload as a result of using this education, due to the presence of some obstacles and challenges. Out of diligence and hard work, the researcher generated this study as a simple attempt to identify the main reasons for using this type of education in teaching. The method that fits with this research, which is descriptive, was used on a randomly selected sample of male and female teachers who are majoring in the Arabic language. Where they were presented with a questionnaire consisting of (20) phrases distributed on (3) fields, and they were asked to answer freely and impartially about the paragraphs of the questionnaire, and after completing the answer, it was collected and analyzed statistically, It was found that the use of Arabic language teachers for virtual education was weak, the obstacles were high, and the means of activation was high. Finally, the researcher made recommendations and suggestions that fit the nature of the chosen research.

The current study aims at investigating the preferred Learning Styles by Iraqi EFL learners. Three questions have been set to fulfill this aim as follows: Are students aware of the concept of language learning styles? What are the kinds of language learning styles they employ in their learning? What are their preferred styles? The VAK model is adopted, and data is collected using The Learning Style Inventory. The questionnaire is conducted online using Google forms. The link has been sent to Departments of English in two major Iraqi Universities: the first one is University of Mosul, College of Education for Humanities, while the second is College of Education (Ibn Rushd) for Humanities, University of Baghdad. The total sample respondents’ number is 158 students; 89 out of 150 at University of Baghdad; 69 out of 232 at University of Mosul. The results show that learners in both groups prefer both the Visual and Auditory Learning Styles. The percentages in Mosul group show that 45% OFTEN; 40% SOMETIMES apply the Visual LS and 42% OFTEN, and 40% SOMETIMES apply the Auditory LS. Almost the same percentages are true for the Baghdad group; 42% OFTEN; 40% SOMETIMES apply the Visual LS and 45% OFTEN; 40% SOMETIMES apply the Auditory LS. The Kinesthetic LS has the least percentages of students’ responses; 63%, 68% of the students state that they SELDOME use Kinesthetic techniques in their learning for the two groups respectively.

This research dealt with the Renaissance Dam project that Ethiopia built on the Blue Nile and its impact on the water security of the downstream countries, Egypt and Sudan. Sudan rejects the policy of imposing a fait accompli pursued by the upstream country "Ethiopia" when it implements the project with its huge specifications, which undoubtedly will leave traces on the water security of the two downstream countries, which are mainly characterized by the scarcity of their water resources. The research concluded that maintaining the status quo after negotiations that lasted (10 years) Without an agreement, it will increase the possibilities of collision between the three parties. Therefore, areas of cooperation must be opened to reach an agreement mechanism agreed upon by all countries, and to keep the Nile River away from all conflicts, to be a source of cooperation for all the countries of its basin.

The vision of mobile phone towers has become a cause for concern and anxiety among the residents on the roofs of houses and residential plots of different shapes and heights near schools, hospitals and markets, causing visual and electromagnetic pollution due to their random distribution and increasing numbers, as well as the weak community awareness of their risks. Most of them have become without controls within cities, with studies confirming their relationship with brain cancers and leukemia in the laboratory, so the study aimed to distribute them geographically in the city of Amara using GIS and use it to determine locations near kindergartens, schools and hospitals, and their health effects through previous studies with contents commensurate with the study’s goal and problem and its hypothesis.

This research aims to identify the possibility of applying the contractual budget (planning and implementation of school buildings) and its role in improving investment spending and its impact on government units, and the use of a group of appropriate statistical methods for analysis of research variables to identify the impact and association, using the statistical program (SPSS), through the results of those questionnages, the researcher reached a set of conclusions, most notably the budget preparation effectively helps effectively in rationalization of government spending. If these devices are not limited to and drainage only.

There is no doubt that a method based on science is of great importance, and the study of matters that devise, clarify, organize, prove and defend religious beliefs has attracted the attention of Islamic thinkers. The deviant currents, and the scholars made great efforts to codify a comprehensive theological system, and these intellectual efforts resulted in a solid Islamic heritage that has great importance and impact in most, if not all, of theological studies. How to deal with problems of verbal thought.

Administrative corruption is a growing scourge in all countries due to its direct negative impact on the development of societies and limiting their development. It has also become a phenomenon with social, economic and political aspects. Its combat does not require the concerted efforts of the institutions of one state only, but rather the necessity of cooperation by states. Corruption has become a global phenomenon that threatens the security of states. Divisions multiply in countries where corruption in its various manifestations and types is widespread, as the study revealed that the measures taken by governments and countries with their legislation and laws are insufficient without international cooperation to eliminate corruption crimes.

Pray to Allah is the approach of the prophets, as well as the keenness of the Prophet “Abraham”(peace be upon him) in this regard, and that pray is one of the important matters in calling and guiding to Allah, and we also know from this research that it is permissible to pray for the polytheists for guidance and what it means, even if they are from People are most hostile to the believers.
As for pray for them without guidance and whatever its meaning is not permissible, just as pray for them for forgiveness, mercy and the like, these prays are for the believers.

The research tagged (identification and transformation in the contemporary Iraqi theatrical text) in its first chapter dealt with the problem of research and studying the function of the crisis in the dramatic transformation of the theatrical text. And the importance and urgent need to study the transformation in the dramatic text, and the variables that occur to it, and presents the objectives of the research and terminological definitions and identifying the most important terms. In its second chapter, the first topic dealt with recognition and transformation in the theory of drama and its nature, and the parts of the plot that represent recognition, transformation and pitiful suffering according to Aristotle's opinion. The second topic touched on the types of recognition and their importance and the role of identification and transformation in the development of the plot according to the structure through which the event develops and the role of the crisis that pushes the event towards change, and then deals intensively with identification and transformation in the Arab theater. The researcher came out with indicators that indicate identification and transformation. The third chapter dealt with the research sample by presentation and analysis according to the data provided in the theoretical framework and indicators. The research concluded in the fourth chapter with the results and conclusions and the most important sources and references for the research.

Population geography is a branch of human geography that shows the relationship between man and the environment in which he lives. The numerical, relative and dense population among the Kuwaiti governorates in the State of Kuwait in the year 2020, as well as a study of the population characteristics in the State of Kuwait in terms of age and quality groups. The reliance in this research on the analytical method, and the official statistics and population data for the year 2020 were used and presented through population tables. The population of the State of Kuwait is increasing in growth during the time period (2010-2020). The rate of growth was recorded at (2.2 - 2.3%) for each of them, respectively, here As a discrepancy in the number of population and its distribution among the Kuwaiti governorates as a result of the variation in the natural, human and economic conditions in the state, the majority of Kuwaiti society are those whose ages fall in the middle groups, specifically in the category of young adults (15-64 years), which is a good indicator in terms of population fertility, economic activity, and bearing burdens and dependencies. Members of the Society.

This study focuses on the geopolitical problems facing Algeria's nation- alsecurity and the challenges it faces , both at the internal and external levels, which threaten to divide the country into several separatist regions due to the incitement of ethnic and tribal strife among the people of the same country. The revolutions of the Arabspring and the achievements they encountered in neighboring countries and the spread of chaos and armed groups to the hidden and declared external interference at other times, geopolitical challenges were imposed on them, which required the Algerianstate confront and solve them for the sake of the countrys unity.

The aim of the current research is to know the level of entrepreneurial culture and decision-making among the directors of the General Directorates of Education in the province of Baghdad from the point of view of the heads of departments, and to know the significance of the differences in the views of the heads of departments according to the variables of the directorate and the length of service. The researcher adopted the descriptive approach, and prepared a scale to measure the entrepreneurial culture consisting of (25) items, while she adopted a scale for decision-making consisting of (26) items, and the apparent validity and stability of the two scales were verified, and then according to a sample of department heads in the General Directorates of Education It reached (60) department head, and after statistical treatment of the data obtained from the sample using the one-sample t-test and binary variance analysis, the research concluded that: The level of entrepreneurial culture among the directors of the General Directorates of Education in the province of Baghdad was weak from the point of view of the heads of departments, while the The decision-making of the directors of the general directorates of education in the province of Baghdad was high from the point of view of the heads of departments. There were no statistically significant differences in the views of the sample members of department heads about entrepreneurial culture and decision-making among the directors of the General Directorates of Education in the province of Baghdad, according to the directorate's variables and length of service.

The research examined the style techniques of Abbas's masterpiece, which included the introduction of the poet and her most important work, and the concept of style. The research discussed the vocal level of the Diwan, in terms of singular vocabulary and CT structure, highlighting its semantic effect in poems.
The research examined the level of creation in the Diwan, the proportionality between constructivism and the general idea of the poem, and its role in highlighting the poet's style techniques.
The research examined the role of the paradox in poet's poems, and the extent to which the deletion contributed to deepening their significance, applying to selected pieces of the Diwan.

SCAMPER is a practical strategy often manipulated to stimulate creative thoughts. It was developed by Robert Eberle in 1996 and the acronym represents a series of thinking processes based on the notion that everything that is new is a change of something that is already in existence (Eberle, 2008). This paper aims at investigating the effect of using SCAMPER on enhancing reading comprehension. A survey questionnaire of two parts (language learning in general and reading strategy in particular) (based on previous studies) is designed and administered to a sample of 60 university students during the academic year 2019/2020. The students’ responses to the questionnaire items reveal that the use of scamper has a positive effect on the students in reading comprehension.

China pays great attention to its international relations for several reasons, the most important of which is to achieve its political interests and achieve the required economic growth, and the other reason is to obtain an important and influential position within the international and regional arena and to prevent any barriers that stand in the way of its development plans. Its strength is in the international system. Therefore, the Chinese approach to Iraq is based on achieving its economic goals, and this proves its orientation towards moderate positions towards Iraq's issues, because this brings it many benefi

The study of industrial activity in any region in terms of its structure, and its industrial efficiency are important matters that determine its economic basis in most cases. The reality of industrial activity in the Rusafa district has been studied in its three aspects in terms of analysis of local factors and economic efficiency, relying on the descriptive and analytical approach and relying on Statistical methods, after applying a set of statistical methods in the field of industrial site analysis, and industrial efficiency analysis for the purpose of reaching knowledge of any industrial branches that can contribute to the development of the economic reality of the judiciary, a set of conclusions have been reached, including that the food, construction, and chemical industries sectors It came in succession in terms of industrial importance, it represents the economic basis of the judiciary, as it was found that the Karrada side achieved a high industrial importance with a large difference compared to the new Baghdad area and the center of the Rusafa district, so the study recommended increasing interest in the industrial area in the Karrada district, which could become an industrial pole in The governorate can spread the fruits of its development to the rest of the governorate.

Praise be to God, Lord of the worlds, and the best prayer and peace be upon our master Muhammad and all his family and companions. Perhaps the reason for my choice of this topic is the need to get to know a poet who lived in the pre-Islamic era and the era of early Islam, and left a poetic product that deserves to be known and we stand against it, and for the large number of poetry he left. And the special and the impact of Islam on his poetry. I commented by writing this research on the biography of Hassan bin Thabit and his poetry in Islam. This research consists of an introduction, a preface, three sections and a conclusion.
The first topic has included excerpts from his biography and life, his name, lineage, nickname, his position in his people, and his death. In the second topic, I talked about the Islamic content in his poetry in praise, pride, satire and lamentation.
In the third topic, I talked about intellectual transformations in Hassan bin Thabit's poetry, cultural transformation, social thought transformation, political transformation and religious speech.

This study focused on the assessment and deterioration of the condition of the grazing vegetation and the impact of drought on it in the watershed area of Wadi Ajbab within the areas of the upper Euphrates in the western desert of Iraq, by monitoring and mapping the changes that occurred in land uses and land cover due to drought and mismanagement within the study area. The study also tried to update some information in the study area such as land use/land cover by using different methods of data transformation and analysis such as: Variations Index for Vegetation Cover (NDVI) and Classification.
The research was based on data and information extracted and extracted from remotely sensed lands for thematic maps (TM) and enhanced thematic maps (ETM +) images, as well as field verification and other sources, The barrenness, and the area and density of the grazing plant witnessed remarkable changes during the study period, The relative area coverage maps (NDVI) show four types of natural vegetation and its density within the study area (no vegetation, low vegetation, medium vegetation, dense vegetation), for the year 2009 there are 38.1% and 29.1 %, 32.8% and 0.1%, respectively for the studied varieties, while in the year 2019 there are 22.4%, 33.1%, 21.9% and 22.7%, respectively, and the vegetation cover spread areas changes from barren or degraded lands to lands with different plant densities during the years The study attributed this to differences in the amounts of rainfall for the years of the study, the study showed that both the natural environments and human activities in the study area have witnessed remarkable changes during the study period. Remote sensing, geographic information system (GIS), global positioning system (GPS) and fieldwork are important techniques that should be utilized in such studies.

The best of what a person strives for and the goodness and good deeds he offers are the service of the Holy Book of God, which falsehood does not come to it from before it or from behind it, which God made a light for humanity, sealed the heavenly messages with it, and was grateful to humanity, and since the ancient scholars had the upper hand in interpreting The Great Qur’an, as well as the later ones among them who occupied themselves with that, and thus surmounted many difficulties for the students of knowledge, for God Almighty made them bearers of this dear book, the lamp of this religion and the torches of light for this nation, and Sheikh Al-Khalkhali is among these scholars who had a role in serving the Glorious Book of God.
There are many methods of interpreters, their schools, and their trends, and examples of the methods of interpretation are: exegesis with the maxim, interpretation by opinion with its two types, praiseworthy and blameworthy, and the interpretation that combines them. Between the narration and personal diligence, it is not surprising that the Islamic library was filled with hundreds of different interpretations, material and method. Undoubtedly, the Islamic library’s richness in the works of the science of interpretation has tempted and motivated many researchers to devote themselves to this science and to remove the veil from its hidden pearls, and its amazing preciousness.

The study aimed to demonstrate the importance of social networking sites for extremist groups, especially ISIS, considering them as safe and secure virtual platforms to implement their ideological project, and then remarkably dedicated to exploiting these platforms to promote their nihilistic ideas and gain a degree of sympathy with them.
Likewise, terrorist organizations have exploited all the communication opportunities offered by technology and artificial intelligence to implement their agenda of polarization, recruitment, and incitement, as they have demonstrated a steady experience in using the Internet and social networks, and even tamed their techniques and mechanisms to support terrorist action and glorify and perpetuate his ideas.

Habitus refers to a group of individuals' ways of being, doing, and thinking that are acquired through the learning process associated with their original group, i.e., through the process of socialization and its multiple channels. The religious habitus is one of the tools and arms of the general habitus.
Usually, each era has a major religious habitus that dominates the mentality of individuals and gives them preparations and interpretations of religious issues and issues and gives them directions for each new or religious emergency, given that the habitus has provided its members through the stages of social and religious upbringing with a map of knowledge to confront religious situations.
The basic idea of the research stems from the idea that the religious habitus in Western society is dominated by social, cultural and political systems of a secular orientation, because the modern state, with its many institutions, has stripped religion of its authority and mission in religious devotion and added a secular character to Western society and thus became incapable of forming identities. Religious affairs in light of the decline of religious habitus due to the effects of secularization processes that separated the religious/ecclesiastical and secular/temporal courts. This eventually led to what Charles Tyler called the process of "disenchanting the world." This also led to the production of isolated and different selves as a result of the exposure of individuals in the era of cosmic modernity to the absence of levels of social stability and integration, due to the existence of alternative ways of living the world around them after the decline of the influence of religion and the church in a special sphere. This matter affected the educational institution and the Western educational curricula that were swept by secularization, which contributed to the manufacture of (a new religious habitus), as individuals became under the pressure of the continuous secularization contexts and alone in the educational institution they sought to bring about change in Western society. This research came in three main topics:
1-The first topic: the religious habitus and the religious habitus / meaning and significance
2-The second topic: Western religious habitus and the processes of secularism.
3- The third topic: Religious habitus and the contexts of secularization in the field of education.

The Sufi orders are one of the most prominent centers of religiosity in Iraq and the Islamic world, and in light of their social and religious importance, the healthiest of them considered the establishment of gathering centers, which he called several names according to their geographical location, among them it was called (Takaya), which is an area of land with a modest construction aimed at collecting followers The Sufi way is for remembrance and studies of religious and worldly matters.
After the field survey conducted by the two researchers, it was shown that there are many takyas in Iraq, especially after the increase in the number of followers of the tariqa, which necessitated that the Sheikh of the tariqa at the time, Sheikh Muhammad Muhammad al-Muhammad al-Kasanzan (1978-2020) directed to open and build a number of takyas for devotees to be frequented by followers of the tariqa in order to take The notifications issued by the sheikhdom, especially the wirds of the order and other general orders that pertain to the devotees in their public life and all that has to do with them and their families in their religious and worldly lives.

The current search aims to identify the impact of the strategies of the one-minute paper and the divergent question in the collection of the subject of foundations of education among students of the first stage of the College of Education Ibn Rushd، and to achieve the goal of the research، the researcher prepared an achievement test، and the researcher chose a sample consisting of (90) students from the Department of History distributed among groups The three are equally for the academic year (2018-2019)، and after analyzing the data using the T-test for two independent samples، the chi-square، analysis of variance، the coefficient of difficulty، the strength of discrimination، and the Alpha Cronbach equation، and the study resulted in the presence of statistically significant differences in favor of the experimental in the two groups .