LARK JOURNAL FOR PHILOSOPHY , LINGUISTICS AND SOCIAL SCIENCES

The attempt to monitor the phenomenon of hijab in women’s poetry in the pre-Islamic era reveals her psychological attitude towards it, and shows the extent of her love for it and her pride in it, or her distaste for it. Then We followed the phenomenon of unveiling ( non- Hijab) which is formed by the opposite of the phenomenon of the veil ( Hijab) is a function that depended on customs and traditions in the pre-Islamic society, and due to the expansion of the term veil ( Hijab) and its ramifications in its linguistic concept as a sign of concealment, prevention and prevention, The research fell into two sections, the first section is Hijab worn and the second part deals with non-wear Hijab and explaining the impact of these two types in enriching the images of the veil and its implications, and demonstrating the ability of this poetry to carry the meanings of the veil ( Hijab) and its goals that were launched by pre-Islamic poets as expressing the aspirations of Arab women and their desires for chastity and purity while living in security and peace.
The research reached the highest value that a woman’s Hijab enjoys with and what it can do to the other ( the man), as it turned out that the woman was not the only one pays attention to chastity, but rather shared it in that man, as it was a common demand between them despite the existence of studies and research indicating the marginalization and permissibility of women in that advanced period of time.

This research examines the follow-up of the development of the linguistic use of the root "seal" (khatam) since the Semitic languages until our modern age, passing through pre-Qur’an Arabic, as well as the development of its Qur’anic usage, and its use in post-Qur’an Arabic. The research relied on the historical and descriptive analytical approaches. It is tracked the development of different linguistic connotations in use over the ages, taking care of what was mentioned by the Semitic language sources, linguistic dictionaries, poetic collections, and dictionaries of Quranic significance that collected the summary of meanings from interpretations, the contemporary Arabic language lexicon, and others. The research concluded that the linguistic development in the root (khatam) is proceeding continuously; as it started his pathway from Semitic languages, with few meanings, then several meanings were developed for it in the Qur’anic usage. It is continued to branch and develop after the Holy Qur’an. As it became clear in the research, even if we reached the modern era, we found it developed into many modern uses that represent the religions of languages in general, and the Arabic language in particular. It was also found that many of the various linguistic uses and connotations have disappeared, and have become a forgotten matter - so to speak - because they are not used in this era, and the users of the language are satisfied with others.

The place is characterized by having a poetic dimension, as it is an active factor in shaping the literary text in general and the poetic text in particular because of its clear impact related to the psychological and realistic dimension of the poet. This research dealt with a spatial model that appeared in some models of ancient Arabic poetry, and this place is (Wasit), which indicated multiple places, the most present of which is (Wasit Iraq), as well as indicated other places, which will be clarified by this research marked with (Wasit in Arabic poetry the old). The research was divided into an introduction and two sections, which dealt in the introduction with the meaning of the word Wasit, and the first topic was specific to (Wasit Iraq) and its occurrence in ancient poetry and the second topic dealt with (other places of Wasit) and their employment in poetry, then the research concluded with a conclusion for the most important results and a list of sources and references.

This study is based on reading a poetic text that stretches through six poetic lines by exploring the emotional moment that lurks within them.
This emotional moment represents a true emotional experience, a human emotion flowing with the appeal of a phrase. The harmony of meaning between a referred reveals a connotation and a referred to open up to others, through stylistic techniques in which syntactic structures are formed. The semantic structure condenses and mixes into a vote of meaning, enriching the poetic text.
With super-ability to make the meanings and the scarcity of the narrative and dramatic escalation in a constructive language construction, the arragulate system is based on aesthetic momentum with the momentum and intensification of the prey, themes, and pictures in a positive lattice.
The semiotic reading triangle is a tool for detecting and decoding text through a semiotic procedure that will track the effectiveness of a linguistic marker, its text connotations, and its aesthetic shape.

The novelist created his own specialty in writing fictional texts, so biographical texts were formed in novels, to be among the successful innovative adventures that were unique to the novelist. This novelistic technique made the writer’s novels bear a different characteristic that represents the extension of the writer’s biography in the novels that are at the origin of their subject matter that do not represent the writer and do not represent his biography, except that by including biographical texts that bear conformity to the reality of his life and events, which he formulated with artistic realism, he carried The reader is led to believe that all of these novels and the events that take place in them are a realistic representation of the writer's life. Thus, the biographical texts have succeeded in their adventure by deluding the reader with the reality of events in multiple narrations.

The deletion is a phenomenon that interested the old sculptor in its study, and they talked about the meaning for which the deletion is good, it is the request for brevity and abbreviation and the acquisition of meaning a lot in a little word, they mentioned its usefulness, it is an increase of pleasure because of the inference of the mindfulness of the deleted, whenever the feeling in the deleted left-handed, the taste was more severe and more, but the permissible is other than deletion and may be used in the meaning of the manifesting against the inaction, so the deletion in the light of its relation to the recollect may be contained in the same context as long as this context may need either of them Grammatical theory had a clear effect in the case (deletion and recollect), and the omitted estimate was consistent with the composition and meaning of the sentence.

In our view of Islamic heritage and throughout our long history it will be found that it always providing us with immortal women in history, surrounded by ideas, which must be resurrected, examined, studied, and employed to serve humanity. Because women were no less believing in God, sacrifice, fortitude, patience, and Jihad to uphold the word of God almighty than men, the Sahaba'a is the name of Abu Bakr's daughter (May God bless them) as an example to follow, and a beacon follows in the era of the message until the end of the Umayyad era, so the tagged research
for the names of Abu Bakr's daughter, who belongs to the son of Tim al-Quraishiya, who was at the beginning of the call with her father Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (God bless them), and her surname is the Messenger of God (god willing) in the same two ranges because she broke her scope in half while transporting food to the Messenger of God and her father Abu Bakr to Gar Thor when they migrated to the city.
She lived on the time of Messenger of God (PBUH) and she has related kinship with him due to marrying her sister the mother of believers Aisha (May God bless her), so she had preserved many Hadiths from him, and a large number from companions and followers heard from her, which indicates that is narrator, died a year (73 Ah /692 AD) and she reached a hundred years, and her lost her.

The Republic Union of Burma is considered one of the Southeast Asia countries. It is characterized by a unique strategic location. Burma had been governed by many ancient families until it became, in the Eighth Century, the strongest empire in Southeast Asia. It expands reached Thailand and Laos. Burma also had been conquered by the British Empire which looked for Burma as a market for their profitable trade with China and also to secure the Northeast boundaries of their main colony, India.
The research aims to shed light on the political developments in Burma and the British rule over Burma, which led to many social, political, and economic changes in this country. The research also includes the efforts of the political movements to obtain independence which took place in 1948.
The research was divided into several sections. The first section discusses the geographical location and its strategic importance. The second section includes the development of Burma. The third section discusses the British rule and the concomitant important events including the three British-Burmese wars (1824-1885). The fourth section includes the Japanese occupation of Burma during World War II. Finally, the fifth section discusses the return of the direct British rule to Burma and the efforts of the Burmese nationalists for independence in 1948.

The study of the judicial system is one of the important studies since the judiciary is one of the pillars of establishing religion and justice among people. The concept of judicial integrity in Islamic law is an ethical value that brings with it several qualities, such as integrity, honesty, chastity. On the other hand, it manifests itself in avoiding evils and suspicions. In the field of judicial work, integrity is considered more than a virtue, it is a necessity and a prerequisite for taking up the job, so the judge must make sure that his behavior on the personal and professional levels is above the level of suspicion, in mind that the personal behavior of the judge affects the image of the entire judicial system in the eyes of the people. In other words, it can be said that integrity supports the litigants ’confidence in the impartiality and objectivity of their judge.
The research with the critical method of Taqi al-Din al-Maqrizi in highlighting and demonstrating the integrity of judges era dominated by administrative, political judicial corruption. The research was divided into three axes. The first axis came in describing the state of the judicial institution in the Mamluk era to give a clear picture of the deterioration of the institution. Political interference during that period. As for the second axis, it is the main aspect of the research, where it dealt with a commitment to justice and preventing interference in the judiciary, and the third axis came about commitment to values and ethics, as it is considered a rare phenomenon in that era.

The research deals with the pottery-making technique is considered to be one of the major and important references for human beings in the ancient ages and one of its archeological belongings, and through that, we could realize the lifestyle of ancient Egyptian human beings. It could be said that the in early beginnings of ancient Egyptian human beings in the Neolithic Age, most of the basic materials that were used were made of stone but, they faced hard times with their weights, trimming, and processing. The ancient Egyptian tried to invent a method in making his tools with no obstacles along with using the stone, so they worked on discovering clay made pottery thanks to the presence of the Nile and its annual floods that was rich with a thing that was used by the pottery makers in their business.
The research sheds the light on the workshops in Egypt where the crockery was made,the important raw materials in pottery making, and the stages of formation and analysis of the decorations painted on the crockery. This paved the way about discovering of the artistic beauty of Egyptian pottery maker in predynastic and historical ages in ancient Egypt, so it gave us the primal description about pottery making for the dynasties that witnessed the foundation of agriculture villages, and the complex geometry painted on crockery during the ancient Egyptian dynasties and the resulting appearance of religious, political and social systems and the stabilization of human beings in the ancient Egyptian community.

Writing about Prince Faisal prior to his assumption in the two most important countries in the Arab Mashreq, namely Syria and Iraq, respectively, is of clear importance, especially since most of what was written about him is almost devoted to the period after 1920, and in light of the foregoing, the interview conducted by the Damascus newspaper (Al-Asimah) with Prince Faisal gains importance. Al- A gsa, as it was one of the rare interviews in which the Emir commented on the events at the time, and explained the depth of his political view of the Arab issue in general, which makes his political statements more important. The newspaper (Al-Asimah) was issued on February 17, 1919 in Damascus, after the Arab soldiers arrived in the Levant and the Turks were expelled for the last time, After the appointment of Professor Muhib Al-Din Al-Khatib and Was chief editor, and he was closely related to Sharif Al- Hussein bin Ali, who published the newspaper (Al-Qiblah) in the Kingdom of Hejaz, it became the official newspaper of the Arab government in Damascus prior to the announcement of Prince Feisal as the owner of the country on March 8, 1920, and it was published twice a week , and it came in eight pages of medium pieces. Al- Asema Al-Damascus newspaper published in issue ( 126) on February 26, 1920, its important meeting with Prince Faisal as part of the cultural activities it was carrying out , in order to prepare Syrian public opinion for the new stage, in which the emirs scrutinizing political view appears, which represents the opinion of the Arab elite, and in fact .The interview of the newspaper (Al-Asimah) with prince Faisal is of great importance to readers and researchers alike, because it was one of the rare times in which Prince Faisal expressed his political visions in general with great clarity before he took over as a beloved owner of the Syrian kingdom on March 8, 1920, and the Iraqi kingdom On August 23, 1921 later.

The study aimed to identify the importance of the role of parents-teachers councils during the period of distance education. To achieve this goal and to verify the hypothesis, a research tool consisting of (35) paragraphs covering five areas was prepared: (globalism and the quality of staff and family communication, distance education in focus, community service, educational media, and modernization/development). The validity and stability of the tool were verified by submitting it to a jury of specialists in educational affairs. Then, the researcher has applied the tool on (104) male and female school principals in the General Directorate of Education / Baghdad – Risafa 1 .
Arithmetic means and standard deviations were used for data analysis, and the results showed that secondary school principals are unaware of the importance of employing electronic media and its harmony with the tasks of the parents-teachers Council, especially in the presence of the Corona pandemic (covid19) and the trend towards distance education. Furthermore, their preoccupation with routine administrative work despite the developments and challenges in education and the education field as well. The results also showed a statistically significant difference between the hypothetical mean and the arithmetic mean in favor of the hypothetical mean.
Accordingly, the researcher recommends that the Parent-Teacher Councils Division in the Ministry of Education in Iraq should provide as much as possible the modern means of communication (fax, e-mail and social media) for secondary schools to encourage parents (Parent-Teacher Council) to communicate directly with the school administration in order to follow up their sons/daughters’ behavior via those means during the period of distance education, as well as the need to follow up the recommendations of parent-teacher councils’ meetings to overcome challenges and give solutions for the problems identified in the meetings.

The Corona pandemic forced the Moroccan educational system to move from classical education to distance education, as this substitutive change in the teaching pattern forced us to pose a set of questions that we tried to answer in this article. The spread of the Covid-19 epidemic and the adoption of quarantine have prompted us to work on addressing the most common spelling errors of students, to find out the extent of the impact of viral pandemics on learning and the readiness of the educational system to adapt to sudden changes and changes. This transformative change pushed the Moroccan government to adopt distance education and consolidate its qualitative pedagogies, to get out of the dilemma of school interruption among many students. The effectiveness of this education is affected by a set of determinants, the most important of which are: the quality, manner, and duration of learners' use of the Internet without forgetting their cognitive, informational, educational, and psychological readiness. The spread of the Covid-19 epidemic and the approval of the quarantine have prompted us to work on an experimental study on the importance of distance learning in compensating for classical learning and the readiness of the educational system to adapt to sudden changes and changes. We have also designed a remote e-learning management system to address the most common spelling errors of high school students and to provide a comfortable electronic learning environment for them.

This research aims to investigate the relationship of role conflict with the quality of life of working women in the Kurdistan Region / Iraq by answering the research questions represented by knowing the levels of conflict and levels of quality of life as well as knowing the areas of role conflict and the quality of life and the nature of the relationship between them. The researcher relied on the descriptive analytical approach to obtain the answers to the research questions. The size of the research sample was (299) units, targetting the age group 20 + years old married female workers in the cities (Erbil, Sulaymaniyah, and Dohuk). The scale of the conflict of roles on (40) items with four dimensions (her role as a: worker, mother, housewife, wife). The quality of life scale consists of (42) items, with (emotional living, material living, health care, family relations, social relations, and how to spend leisure time) dimensions. The alternatives for both scales were triple (it always applies to me - sometimes applies to me - never applies to me). The two tools have been published electronically via (Google Forms) due to the outbreak of Coronavirus. One of the most important findings of the research is the rejection of the null hypothesis H0 and its meaning (there is no relationship between the conflict of roles and the quality of life of working women in the Kurdistan Region / Iraq) and the acceptance of the research hypothesis.

The research was limited to a sample of (400) male and female students from the Universities of Al-Qadisiyah and Kufa for both sexes (males and females), and specialization (scientific and humanitarian) for the academic year (2019-2020), and the standards were applied to them electronically due to the Corona pandemic, and to achieve Objectives of the current research The researcher adopted the Beck depression scale prepared by (Beck, 1984) Arabization of the stranger (2000), and after extracting the psychometric properties of the scale from validity and reliability, the scale became in its final form consisting of (21) items In front of each paragraph there are four alternatives, the examinee chooses the alternative that applies to him. The degree of the alternatives ranges from (zero) to (3) according to the alternative that approaches or moves away from measuring depression. Therefore, the highest score that the respondent can obtain on the scale is (63) degrees and the lowest. degree (zero), while the hypothetical mean of the scale is (31.5).
The results showed the following
The research sample has depression at a weak level. The sample has a high level of religiosity, and the average scores of the sample members on the religiosity scale were statistically significant. There is a relationship between depression and religiosity is a statistically significant inverse relationship, which means that the lower the level of depression in the research sample, the higher their level of religiosity.

The current study aimed to reveal the extent of the effect of the Coronavirus pandemic on the social, emotional, health, technological and economic behaviors of university students in the West Bank governorate. It also aimed to reveal the nature of the differences in the impact of the Corona pandemic on the behavior of Palestinian universities students regarding the variables of gender, place of residence, educational level, academic average, and the family’s monthly income. The study sample included (1.451) male and female students of Bethlehem University, Al-Istiqlal University, and An-Najah National University, who were chosen randomly. The study used a measure of the Corona pandemic on social, emotional, health, technological, and economic behaviors. The results of the study concluded that the impact of the Corona pandemic on the various behaviors of university students was high. The order in which it affected the behaviors of students was as follows: Social and emotional behaviors (25.9%), health behaviors (25.8%), economic behaviors (24.5%), and technological behaviors (23.6%). The study results also found that there were no statistically significant differences at the level of (0.05) in the impact of the Coronavirus pandemic on the behaviors of Palestinian university students attributed to the variables of gender, place of residence, educational level, academic average, and the family’s monthly income. (58%) of the study participants predicted that the behaviors will come to an end with the disappearance of the Coronavirus pandemic.

The study is starts with a basic hypothesis that the development of the status of women and the elimination of gender gaps and the realization of the principle of equal opportunities are based on two main axes: the first are self-tools related to women themselves through their levels of awareness, conviction, abilities, potentials and desires that provide self-energy for the process. Participation, and the creation and management of positive opportunities that vary according to these instruments. Conscious that the parity environment in general and human development in particular study used the analysis and interpretation of the data contained in the Human Development Report for the Governors of Diwaniyah and the use of public opinion survey methodology. And, at any time, with clear objectives, a comprehensive strategy planned for all dimensions and elements of society, based on an accurate information base in understanding Problems and needs, setting goals and proposing alternatives, choosing the best ways to match the needs and potentials available, mobilizing efforts and coordinating roles, ensuring their complementarity and synergy, and reducing the possibility of conflict, through careful and continuous follow-up, and serious and continuous evaluation, to measure success levels, to sharpen energies and improve capacity And launch creations

The idea of combining traditional learning and E-learning has been pushed by modern teaching methods, especially those trends which aimed at creating an internet-mediated virtual interactive environment where learners and teachers can meet. E-learning environments involve many traditional learning-like practices, where teachers and students, separated by spatiotemporal barriers, exchange learning regardless of time and space, and territorial borders. Given the importance of distance learning today, and in conjunction with the rapid changes experienced nowadays, the current research has been designed to verify the virtual reality of E-learning as perceived by primary in-service teachers.
To achieve research aims, a sample of 60 primary in-service teachers in Suwaira district, Wasit province, has been selected. The sample involved 30 female in-service teachers and 30 male in-service teachers affiliated with the Suwaira directorate general of education state-run schools. Following data collection, designing of a questionnaire, the reply to the questionnaire, and the processing of final results, the researcher found that the E-learning status quo and acceptability at the primary education was moderate, as per the respondents' scores. The application of E-learning, additionally, faces many challenges. Some majors, such as reading, mathematics, and English language, require in-class practice by teachers and learners. E-learning may not be able to accommodate these majors as precisely as needed, not to mention human, physical, and technical interferences barriers which might not allow the required teacher-learners' interaction.

Family awareness of health safety is the basis on which societies are constructed. Women, in particular, play an important role in improving the health safety within their families through making conscious decisions and applying the most appropriate methods of dealing with that. Due to its significance in preventing hereditary disorders, premarital medical examinations are necessary to be done when inbreeding is intended. Inbreeding can result in issues on the health, social, economic, and psychological levels of the family, in turn on the society. The official institutions will be negatively affected by the aforementioned problems, and therefore will increase the health services and the financial costs. To achieve the objectives of the present study, the researcher used a social survey that involved (200) respondents from families, and (200) respondents from workers in the centers of genetic blood diseases in the Karkh and Rusafa, in Baghdad.

The phenomenon of suicide is a basic social phenomenon that exists in all societies, including Iraqi society. This phenomenon has a negative impact on society due to the society's customs and traditions that prevent the occurrence of such acts. Also this phenomenon stigmatizes socially those who commit such acts. Many sociologists and psychologists called for studying this phenomenon by finding its causes, and trying to treat and limit it. Therefore, our current study is aimed at identifying the personal, social and economic characteristics that lead to suicide, as well as identifying the most important factors affecting the occurrence of suicide in both sexes. Moreover the study also seeks to investigate the impact of globalization, modern technology, modern communications, and the rapid developments that have occurred recently in the Iraqi society on the increase in the phenomenon of suicide. The study will present some recommendations and proposals that serve as preventive procedural steps to reduce the phenomenon of suicide and the factors driving it. The study has reached a set of results one of which is that although suicide includes all ages and is not specific to one age without another it is more common in the age ranging from (18-30).
This the researcher believes could be because of the group being responsible for financially supporting society, and it is also the result of the bad economic factors that can have the lives of individuals, as poverty, need, and bad living conditions can drive many people to suicide. Finally, the study has proven through the statistical means used as well as research methods that modern technology, internet advancements, and the integration of other countries' cultures with the culture of the original society has greatly influenced the lives of others. Individuals became very influenced by what is presented and transmitted to them through various media, in addition to the imitation factor that has great impact on the lives of many groups of society since individuals tend to imitate what is shown on satellite channels, such as series and dubbed films that contain suicide scenes. Thus, there must be censorship on individuals from within the family itself and outside the family, this means that there should be a political televised censorship that controls what is shown through the various media to control the collection of phenomena of violence, murder, drug trafficking, as well as suicide.

It's important to keep in mind that the human arts are merely an aesthetic product that reveals intellectual connotations and various operating mechanisms to express against surrounding knowledge data in various civilizations and cultures, resulting in diversity in the way the artistic product is formed to be displayed in an aesthetic form. The findings demonstrated that the Mamluk artist used geometric, plant, animal, and human ornamental units as indicators that conveyed the character of the environment with all of its data, which are assimilation markers of his environment, and this was obvious in all samples of the sample. The most important conclusions are as follows: Plant decorative units are associated with Islam and have implications, symbols, and aesthetic values that are similar to Muslim tastes, which is why Muslim potters focused on them.

The current research seeks to understand the directing mechanism and diagnose the process of stylistic diversity occurring in Islamic Seljuk ceramics, especially that this artistic genre represents one of the important genres of plastic arts in Islamic arts. The study is in four chapters, the first chapter of which was devoted to explaining the research problem, and the first chapter also included a reference to the importance of the research, the need and the limits of the research. Analyzing the research sample and defining the research method and then analyzing the research sample, while the fourth chapter is devoted to reviewing the results, conclusions and recommendations. Among the most important findings of this study:

The Muslim potter's dependence on the various ornamental and decorative themes, which he added in an aesthetic style.

And the most important conclusions:

The Muslim potter was interested in transferring the various vocabulary of the environmental reality to his ceramic surfaces, starting from the case of being clearly affected by life situations.
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Theatrical art, in general, has witnessed qualitative developments on the structural, artistic, and aesthetic levels. Theatrical art employs different aesthetics through the written text or presentation, and thus the aesthetics of the theater are based on the cognitive data in the aesthetic functions, and since the theater is a reflection of the image of the surrounding environment, it includes forms of protest is directly as a result of crises in general, so the protest has become employed in theatrical works as a tool to achieve communication with the recipient .This study included four chapters. The first chapter (the methodological framework) included the research problem, which was represented by the question about what manifestations represented the protest in the theatrical texts of Majid Darandash. Ages while the third topic dealt with the protest in the Iraqi dramatic text, then the chapter was concluded with the results of the theoretical framework. As for the third chapter, it included the research procedures, in which the researcher identified the research community and his deliberately chosen sample, in accordance with the research topic and its goal.

Since ancient times, the design principles have not ceased from the applications and reliability upon which the interior designers and architects are based, and the concept of (unity) is considered one of the most important of these basic principles that combine all the principles and elements of design in one composition to work in formal harmony that emerges as one element, in its installation the relationships between the parts within the whole This includes structural characteristics in understanding the nature of the relationships formed, completing the requirements for proportionality between the parts, and showing the value of overlapping relationships as a structural and epistemological description, and from here the research tagged (The concept of unity in interior design and ways to achieve it in interior spaces) dealt with the concept of unity in the interior design, its foundations, components, methods of achieving it and its enriching features in the interior spaces, The first chapter of the research (the general framework of the research) includes a definition of the research problem with the following question: What is the role of the unit in the design of the interior space and what are the possibilities of enhancing it in the aesthetic and functional aspect? , And determining the temporal, spatial, and objective limits of the research. The (theoretical framework) includes the following axes: The concept of unity in design and its phenotypic characteristics, forms of unity, unit requirements, unity and diversity in interior design, design methods used to achieve unity in design, unity and its design relationship with technical and architectural methods and trends, elements of the archaeological features of the concept of unity, and indicators of the theoretical framework. The (research procedures) dealt with the research methodology and its society, the research tool and the models used in the research procedures, and the analysis of the research models represented intentional samples of bodybuilding halls. As for (the results), the results of the analysis of samples were presented, and (conclusions) the most important points raised in the general theoretical framework.

The determinacy of legal interpretation has been an orthodoxy among jurists since Middle Ages. Most jurists believed that legal texts have fixed meaning that judges may readily discover اand apply to cases. Furthermore, the determinacy of legal interpretation is closely related to a consensus held by most traditional jurists in the ontology of law. Jurists thought of meaning in law as a self-sufficient and logically complete entity, that is independent of anything, including legal texts. Language is merely an instrument for communicating meaning that exists independently of it. Indeed, the meaning of the law derives its determinacy from its unity with the objects in nature. Therefore, the role of judges is limited to discovering the pre-existing true meaning of the law, intended by the legislature, or inspired by natural law.

States are supposed to coincide with homes ,but this does not apply to the Palestinians who were forced to give up their home for the sake of the state in Oslo Accord negotiations -and we hope that they didn’t surrender the home and lost the state .With the Oslo Accords the Palestinians thought that they are on the way to regain a part of their home to build a state but they have forgotten that Israelis would not leave historical Israel and would put obstacles in the face of the Palestinian Authority in order not to fulfill its aim to turn into complete state and this is what we try to discuss here through an analytical approach.

The United Nations General Assembly passed a resolution at its 49th session requesting an advisory opinion from the International Court of Justice on the threat or use of nuclear weapons in any scenario under international law. The court's response to the fatwa created many issues, the most serious of which was the court's finding that it couldn't make a definitive verdict on the legality or illegality of a country's deployment of nuclear weapons in an extreme situation of self-defense where its survival was at threat. This research will also look into the court's jurisdiction in responding to the General Assembly's fatwa request, look into the relevant legal texts, and look into the jurisprudence and opinions surrounding the fatwa given by the court judges.

What is known as the Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant (ISIS), is the name of a new takfiri Salafi group it appeared with this name after 2010. With the expansion of the occupied territories in Iraq and Syria in June 2014, it was renamed the Islamic State, which claimed the caliphate around the world. IS has always sought to prove its identity under the banner of Islam in the name of the Islamic State. The main motive for writing these lines was a conflict in the identity and ideological foundations of IS because of its actions in Iraq and Syria.

It is the responsibility of the Iraqi media to paint a picture for the recipient regarding the religious rituals associated with some ritual practices. It is more necessary in light of the current situation in which the country is living, as it that to benefit from the noble values and principles that the Islamic religion has advocated and established. And to achieve the strategic goal that Islam stipulated, it is imperative to secure a media capability in spreading a moderate thought befitting of the representation of Islam that appeared to the world with the emergence of the noble prophetic message and its continued spreading of light among all of humanity. The responsibility rests on the modern media system, which is keen to establish authentic religious concepts; it should not be without thoughtful media planning processes. This research came to shed light on the media’s potential to create perceptions of religious ritual practices with ideological affiliations among the Iraqi public. This research consists of three chapters. The first chapter addressed the Introduction of research (that represented the problem, the importance and the goals that this research seeks to achieve). While the second chapter included under the theoretical framework of the research, and the third topic focused on data analyzy , which is done through the extract results of a quantitative method, and then the conclusions

The study's goal is to investigate the influence of geomorphological threats such as rockfall, landslides, and torrential flow on transportation routes in Erbil Governorate's Mirka Sur mountain. The research had multiple axes, the most important of which was an evaluation of the region's most significant natural attributes associated with the incidence of risks. The second axis was used to demonstrate how maps were matched and evaluated using the (Maps Overly) function in the (Arc Maps) application to create a model for geomorphological threats in the region. Which connects two or more layers, and a map was produced that revealed five levels of probable geomorphological concerns based on risk levels.

The research revealed the analysis of climatic changes and their effects on the change of the green bean crop in Wasit Governorate. To show the effects of those global climatic changes that affected the change of climatic elements in Wasit Governorate, and their impact on the green bean crop, for the period (1986-2018). The general trend factor adjusted for the number of actual hours of sunshine tends to decrease. The general trend factor for the minimum and maximum temperatures tends to rise in the studied stations. The general trend factor for the annual rate of the amount of rainfall tends to rise in the stations (Baghdad and Hilla) and towards the decrease in the stations (Al- Hayy and Al- Diwaniyah). These changes have a role in influencing plant life, affecting the yield of green beans in the Wasit Governorate.
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Climate change and its effects are among the most important challenges facing a man in the 21st century. The current study dealt with the evaluation of temporal and spatial trends of indicators of daily maximum and minimum temperature extremes in Iraq for the period (1985 - 2020). Using ten indicators to measure thermal extremes based on the data of the European Centre for Weather Forecasts Medium-range (ECMWF) for twelve grid points representing Iraq stations, using (Rho) test, linear regression equation. The results of the study revealed a trend towards an increase in the (TXx, TXn, TNx, TNn) indicators and the highest amount of increase in the (TXn) indicator ) by (0.49) °C per decade, with statistical significance at the annual level, and the northern regions were the most changeable in the mentioned indicators The indicators of cold days and nights (TX10p, TN10p) recorded a decreasing trend, and the highest amount of decrease in the cold days index was (2.6-) % for the decade. The indicators of hot days and nights (TX90p, TN90p) witnessed an increasing trend with high statistical significance, and the highest amount of increase in the indicator of hot days was by (2.9%) for Decade. As for the indicator of summer days (SU) and tropical nights (TR) also recorded a clear trend towards increase and reached the highest amount of increase in class days by (4.3) days per decade with statistical significance The current results confirm the increase of climatic extremes due to the phenomenon of global warming, and thus . The importance of the results of the study show the future challenges facing Iraq in the coming decades, especially on water resources, food security, human health, and energy consumption, which requires setting appropriate policies to adapt to climate changes and their future effects.

The present study seeks to, the most important influencing factors on the women's participation in family decision-making in the city of Al Kut, including the age group of both the husband and wife, age at the time of marriage, education of the spouses, women's profession, size of the family. The study has focused attention on those decisions related to women's education and educating their sons as well as decisions relevant to the work of women, regulating family budget, and other related decisions with the reproductive health of women. It is worthy to mention that the present study has adopted the descriptive and analytic approach, together with the qualitative method. Additionally, some statistical methods have been utilized, like Qi-Square, Pearson Correlation Coefficient to reveal the association between some characteristics of women and their ability to make family decisions.

The study aims to identify the reality of a trend in the relative humidity indicators and indicate their impact on the number of people infected with influenza and pneumonia in the Wasit Governorate. By knowing the general trend of relative humidity by relying on a series of statistical data for stations (Al-Hayy, Al-Ku, Badra, and Al-Aziziyah), and showing its impact on the diseases Influenza and pneumonia for all districts of Wasit Governorate, by relying on statistics between relative humidity and diseases using the spss program. The study showed that the general trend of the average relative humidity is declining in all stations of the study area, which is the best evidence for a clear warning of the phenomenon of drought in the future in the Wasit Governorate.

South- western and western winds are among the important types of winds in the directional circle, as they have a clear impact on Iraq, and on its climatic characteristics, especially during the spring and autumn seasons in the statement of the difference in the speed of these winds during the two seasons, the monthly rates for this type and for all the climate stations included in the study were relied upon during a period of (30) years. The study showed that there is the clear discrepancy between the two seasons of the equinox when comparing them in the speed of the south- western and western winds, as a result of their being affected by several factors.

This research attempts to focus on the criticism of the Austrian philosopher Karl Popper (1902-1994) of the concept of historicism. As it is a theory concerned with all social sciences, making historical prediction its main goal, and knowing that this goal can be achieved, if we can grasp the general trends, and the laws behind historical developments. In his various works, Popper sought to refute his hostile mobilization against the most prominent historical thinkers, from his point of view, such as Plato, Frederick Hegel, Karl Marx, and others who he considered to have fallen victim to this delusional doctrine of the ability of history to what will happen in the future.

Gibran Khalil Gibran was greatly influenced by Nietzsche's philosophy, reaching the limit of reincarnation that appeared in a number of his texts but implicitly, not directly, as it is with others, especially in his book The Prophet. Among others, as Gibran distinguished from others, he was influenced by Nietzsche at a later stage and not in the early days of his life like others, which made him denounce some of his previous writings, due to their weakness, before being influenced by the will of the Nietzschean force.

Taqiyya is a rational and innate principle that results in many gains in preserving souls, safeguarding sanctities and protecting religion.
It is not a means of submission and surrender or a call for weakness and defeat. Islam is greater to allow such a thing. This doctrine has been widely admired by the pioneers of Islamic thought, which It gained its importance from the frequent revelation of the Revelation and the tightening of the Sunnah, and it is not permissible in any case, but it is forbidden to resort to it if it requires the work of corruption of religion or a violation of the creation or bloodshed, and the difference of some Muslim scholars on it is only a verbal dispute. Some of them discussed of its theory under the name of coercion, and some of them called it Taqiyya. The disobedience and curtailment of the Shiites of Imami for their use of it, lacking its ingredients

The connection between poetry and music is an undeniable theme that is acknowledged by the general public of culture and art, especially writers and musicians. A sentence needs the imagination to get out of the simple and everyday mode, and also needs factors such as rhyme, line, coordination of consonants and vowels, puns, etc. One of the styles that play an important role in phonetic and semantic meanings is repetition, the abundance of which in sounds, consonants, words, syllables, and sentences causes the beauty and creation of music if used correctly and deliberately. Repetition means, in fact, the expression of letters, words, sentences or phrases, or a particular style in poetry or prose more than once. This style is abundant in ancient poetry but contemporary poets have used it in a special way and with different functions from the past. Ez-al-din Monasereh (1946), a Palestinian poet, is one of the contemporary poets who has used repetition with various meanings to make his poetry as beautiful as possible. The frequency of repetition of words, sentences, and phrases in his poetry indicates his achievement of various artistic meanings. The present article intends to use a descriptive-analytical method and using the "perfect poetic works" of the poet, while examining repetition in Monasereh's poetry, to explain the aesthetic methods and functions of repetition in his poetry and to examine the new meanings in his poetry. The results show that Ezal-din Monasereh, using the elements of repetition music, has been able to reveal his situation and that of his country and use the musical rhythm and rhythm of speech in such a way that the meaning is due to the use of repetition in Ez-al-din's poetry. Monasereh has expanded significantly. The poet's main goal in repetition is to create a strong relationship between his poem and the reader to involve the reader in his emotions and feelings.

In this investigation we have discussed many of the hidden meanings behind the colors that Lorca used in the gypsy romance, highlighting the symbolism of those synonyms that generally reflect the characteristics of the Spanish national identity, especially Andalusian, and it was like a mirror that reflected the popular cultural heritage rooted in the collective memory of society,which simulates the history and geography of that land and is consistent with all the details of the religious concepts represented in the Bible and the Catholic Church.

The continuity of Chekov’s text adheres to the existence of his protagonists everywhere and then. The presence of Chekhov's heroes in every place and time is the key to the text's long-term viability. He described various characters, upon whom feelings were shown in different situations, specifically feeling scared among his protagonists. The character of (Belekov) in “The introversive man” who fears everything is different from the protagonist in “Khemech” by the contemporary writer Yuri Buyda. The protagonist’s wife made an unusual reaction against Chekov after her husband's death. She screamed: “I hate your writer Chekov! I hate him! I hate him!”. This reaction was a protest and a denial of the cover idea which had become a literary mode in literary works and daily life as was presented by Chekov in “The Introversive man”. The modern writer V. Bitsokh was able in “The cabinet” to show fear in people’s behavior in the Soviet Union, and so he did show how permanent fear of the protagonists’ environment was a common factor with Chekov’s. As for the female writer G. Shcherbakova in her “The introversive man”, she presented a character of a school headmistress named (Vania) who was dedicated and ambitious. However, she neglected an important aspect of her life, making a family. This was a struggle for her cover in Chekov. Shcherbakova named her story after Chekov’s “The introversive man”, but her protagonist differed from Chekov’s (Varinka) who did not recognize others’ feelings. Here, Chekov’s text gained its controversy and dialogue in a contemporary and modernist way.

Creating a positive classroom environment is an important phase of effective teaching. To create a positive classroom environment, there must be two elements of a positive learning environment: physical and psychological. The physical environment in the classroom includes how objects are arranged, and how materials are stored. The classroom must be attractive by using clear colors on classroom walls. In addition, on-wall graphics and thematic units may be provided as motivational tools for the students so that they can enjoy being there. The psychological environment in the classroom is concerned with how students feeling their learning. Creating positive classroom environment can allow students avoid isolation, develop communicative, socio-cognitive skills, enhance students\' growth, help them share beliefs, improve positive interaction, help them feel happy. This can also prompt blood endorphin, and stimulates the frontal lobe. Basically, learning becomes an enjoyable experience rather than a learner-repellant situation.
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The research \"Political Employment of Women in Ancient Greek Myths and Epics\" sheds light on the political role of women by employing them to be a political player sometimes in a positive way, as in the story of the King of Athens Odysseus with his wife Penelope, and King Agamemnon, King of Messinia and the nature of his relationship with his wife Clytemnestra, as this epic relationship bore a depiction The great role that falls on the shoulders of women in the political aspect and their becoming a positive player, as portrayed by Odysseus\' relationship with Penelope and negative at other times, as in Agamemnon\'s relationship with his wife Clytemnestra. Based on this concept, the research discussed the role of women and the mechanism by which this vital element was employed politically through ancient Greek myths and epics. Greek mythology, Finley, the world of Odysseus and Nehardt, the gods and heroes of ancient Greece, the ancient Greek epic regarding translated works, and the one in English (Peter Parley, Tales About the Mythology of Greece and Rome), (Robert Graves, The Greek Myths).

The responsibility of the doctor for his medical error is considered a contractual responsibility If the doctor refuses to implement his contractual obligation or flawlessly performs it in a way that harms the patient, his contractual responsibility will follow. As a general rule, he has to exert the necessary amount of care in carrying out his obligation, The doctor’s obligation to treat his patients is an obligation to do. The care exerted by a doctor with experience and knowledge of the surrounding conditions in the medical community, but in exceptional cases the doctor’s commitment to achieving a result which is the safety of the patient because of the potential consequences that control the doctor’s work, or the presence of a condition in the contract, or a provision in the law, or because of the nature of the service that presented by the doctor, and he is also subject, in exceptional cases, to the tort liability that arises whenever there is a breach of a legal obligation not to harm others.