JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE

The research involved collected (50) sample from serum of Arkela smokers and (50) sample
control for period from 15/10/2013 to 15/3/2014 and the age between(15-60)year for men only then
determination of some antioxidant (Glutathione, Ceruloplasmin, Vitamin E and C, Malondialdehyde)
in serum of Arkela smokers compared with non smokers, the results demonstrated a significant
increase in the level of Ceruloplasmin and Malondialdehyde concentration and a significant decrease
in the level of Glutathione and Vitamin E and C concentration in smokers compared with control.
The results also demonstrated a non-significant change in the level of antioxidant concentration
of Arkela smokers with age groups and Body Mass Index BMI.
While the results demonstrated a significant decrease in the level of Glutathione and Vitamin E
and C and a significant increase in the level of Ceruloplasmin and Malondialdehyde in serum blood
smokers (more than two hours) in the day and (more than two years) compared with smokers in (less
from hour)in the day and (1-11 months) respectively

We studied in this work a class of nonlinear Volterra integral equations with delay and
present a sufficient condition for the bounded solution also we give an illustrative example which
support the main result of this paper.

This research aimed to prepare different types of asphaltic materials having a good
rheological properties compared with the non-modified asphaltic materials. Different polymers
and microwaves were used to prepare the modified asphalt in different ways. The first method
is based on the modification of asphalt with reclaim tire rubber using anhydrous aluminum
chloride catalyst at 360 watt at different times, The second method depends on the same
principle of the first method with the introduction of sulfur as an additive and the third method
is based on the same principle of the first method but the change of polymer added to the
polyamethyl methacrylate and with the introduction of sulfur as an additive. The latter method
is the same principle of the first method but the change of polymer added to mixtures of
(1:1)(polymer_polymer)(recycled tire rubber polyamethyl methacrylate)with the introduction
of sulfur as an additive. The above methods we obtained asphaltic materials which can be used
in paving and mastic depending on the measured (ductility, penetration , softening point).

A simple, sensitive and selective spectrofluorometric method has been developed for the
determination of enoxaparin sodium in bulk and dosage forms (injection). The method was based on
the quantitative quenching effect of enoxaparin on the native fluorescence of acriflavine due to the
formation of nonfluorescent supramolecular ion association complex between the studied drug and
acriflavine dye in aqueous solution. The decrease of acriflavine fluorescence was observed at 506 nm
after excitation at 402 nm. The relationship between quenching fluorescence intensity and
concentration of enoxaparin sodium was linear in the range 0.05-20 µg/ml and with correlation
coefficient 0.9990 and with LOD and LOQ 0.011 and 0.035 µg/ml respectively. The average recovery
was 100.51% and RSD is less than 3.23%. The stoichiometry of enoxaparin to acriflavine was
calculated a 1:4. The method was applied successfully to the determination of enoxaparin as injection
formulation and the results were in a good agreement with certified value and standard addition
procedure.

A commercial activated carbon was used for the study of adsorption of two di- azo dyes from aqueous
solution employing batch method. These dyes were synthesized in our laboratory from the reaction of 4-
amino-antipyrene 4-AAP and β-Naphthol with p-amino phenol and p-amino benzaldehyde via diazonium ions.
The effect of pH, temperature, and contact time on dye removal was investigated. The apparent
thermodynamic parameters were estimated and the obtained results concluded that, the dyes adsorbed onto
activated carbon are driven by entropy effect, exothermic and spontaneous processes. The kinetic study of
adsorption of the considered dyes was conducted by applying four models the pseudo-first order, pseudosecond order ,Elovich and intra particules diffusion kinetic models. The results showed that, the second order
equation fit better the experimental data. The intra particule diffusion model indicates that, there are more
than mechanism controlling the adsorption process

The relational database model is the main focus of the database for the previous time. It
provides robust data storage and structure that supports transaction characteristics and data retrieval
with structured query language- SQL. The emergence of web technologies and clustering
technology in large servers called for the need to store unstructured data and move away from the
pattern of tables and static fields and not topic to transaction conditions, especially in distributed
systems. Instead, it used CAP theory. New data models are emergence including: Document Data
model, Key-Value model, Column-Family model, and Graph model, And new programming
languages that deal with these models.
An asset inventory system is a model of systems that are not topic to a fixed structure. Each
location in the organization has fairly different assets and assets in the same location have different
specifications that are difficult to organize in the form of tables and columns. For this reason using
of NOSQL CouchDB database system was adopted and the use of MAP-REDUCE technology to
organize data display and Cloudant Query in Mango-view method to retrieve data from the
inventory database.

Equations of state are used for the evaluation of pressure effects on solid (Alkali halides) at
room temperature and high temperature up to melting point,
Thermodynamic properties such as ????????
Vo
, ???????? of alkali halide (NaCl-B1) at high pressure and
room temperature have been evaluated and the results are compared with experimental data
and gave good results up to 5 GPa but beyond it the results of these equations of state diverge
from experimental data while Bardeen equation of state gave good agreement with experimental
data , the effect of high pressure and high temperature on vibration energy of atoms (????????)and on
heat capacity at constant volume (????????) of (NaCl-B1) are calculated by using Debye Model and gave
good agreement with the theory, also thermal volume and pressure (????????ℎ),(????????ℎ) and thermal
expansion coefficient (????????) are calculated by using thermal equation of state by Kumar .
Finally, melting curve of (NaCl-B1) was calculated by using Kumar thermal equation of state
with Lindeman equation the results were compared with experimental data. Also inter ionic
distance at melting (????????) for (NaCl-B1) was calculated by two ways, first by using lattce potential
energy and second by using Anderson equation, and compared with data of other researcher
and a good fitting was observed.

Comparative study of the physical characteristics of n-ZnO/p-Si heterojunction diode has
been done as a function of deposition temperature in the range of 300-600 °C. Transparent
conducting (TC) Zinc Oxide (ZnO) thin films were deposited by atmospheric pressure chemical
vapor deposition (APCVD) technique on the p-Si(100) and glass substrates. Also, the influences of
different deposition temperature on the morphology and optical properties of ZnO films were
studied. Both the average surface roughness (from 62.8 to 18.8 nm) and the root mean square (from
78.2 to 24 nm) of ZnO films were decreased with the increase in the deposition temperature. Optical
transmittance measurement results exhibited good transparency within the visible wavelength
range for the films prepared at a temperature above 400 C. The current-voltage (I-V)
characteristics of the heterojunction diodes exhibited rectification behavior and depend on the
deposition temperature. The electrical parameters of the n-ZnO/p-Si heterojunctions were also
affected by the deposition temperature. The diodes prepared at a temperature above 400 C
were possessed lower reverse saturation current and high rectification ratio compared to those
fabricated at a relatively lower temperature such as 300 C or 400 °C. Such low a temperature
grown n-ZnO/p-Si heterojunction diodes with lower reverse saturation current could be suitable
for photo-detection applications

In this study, 63 oral swabs were collected . Thirty six yeast isolates were obtained
(57.14%) grown on sabouraud dextrose agar medium (SDA). Symbols were given to isolates from
RA1 to RA36 in order to differentiate them. The isolates were identified by growth on HiCrome
Candida differential agar M1297A and identification by Vitek 2 Compact system.
The identification results showed 5 species of the isolated yeasts belonging to the genus
Candida, 29 isolates belonging to the species C. albicans(80.55%) and one species from C. famata,
C. glabrata, C. kefyr and C. lusitaniae (2.77% for each species). Moreover one isolate was obtained
from each of the following yeasts: Saccharomyces serevisiae, Malassezia furfur and Rhodotorula
glutinis (2.77% for each one).
This study included the evaluation of two virulence factors for all C. albicans isolates ,
phospholipase enzyme production on egg yolk agar and hemolytic activity on sugar-enriched sheep
blood agar.
.Phospholipase production test showed differences in phospholipase production among
the isolates , twenty three isolates (79.31%) were producers and precipitation zone (Opaque zone)
was observed around the grown colonies with different Pz values and the isolate RA13 exhibited
highest activity (Pz value = 0.53).
The results showed also that all isolates were producers of hemolysin with different
hemolytic indexes (Hi). Isolate RA7 represented the highest one in activity (Hi = 2.16). Hemolysis
of all isolates involved beta hemolysis.

Recently boundary value problems for differential equations of non-integral order have studied in many
papers . Zaho etal studied the following boundary value problem of fractional differential equations.
Where
 D
denotes the Rimann-Liouville fractional derivative equation of order
 , 2    3 . By
using the lower and upper solution method and fixed point theorem. Liang and Zhang studied the nonlinear fractional differential boundary value problem
(0) (0) (0) (1) 0
( ) ( , ( )) , (0,1)
0
=

=

=

=
+
= 
x x x x
D x t f t x t t

Where
3    4
is a real number .

+
0
D
is the Rimann-Liouville fractional differential operator of order
 .
By means of fixed point theorems , they obtained results on the existence of positive solutions for
boundary value problem of fractional differential equations.
In this paper , we deal with some existence of positive solution of the following non-linear fractional
differential equation.
(0) (0) (0) (0) ( ) 0
( ) ( , ( )) 0 , (0, )
0
=

=

=

=

=
+ + = 
h h h h h T
D h t g t h t t T

Where
4    5 , 
is a real number.

+
0
D denotes Rimann-Liouville fractional derivative of order
 .
Our work based on Banach contraction mapping and Krasnoel'skii fixed point theorems to investigate the
existence of positive solution.

The present study investigated the possibility of infecting Mus musculus mice, experimentally, with
cryptosporidiosis by inoculation with Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts, after treatment with
temperatures (70 C) and non-treated oocysts, single or double doses, aiming at enrichment of
information related to existence of oocysts infected, outside the body of the host when subjected to
temperatures. Criteria taken into consideration are the period spent by the parasite inside the body
of the host, number of oocytes shed by the parasite with the host’s stool, total and differential
leukocyte count. The Results of the present study shows:
1- Shedding of Oocysts started at the 4th day post infection by non-treated Oocysts, at single
dose, and continued until the day 35 post infection, whereas with the challenge dose it
continued until the 17
th day post infection.
2- Temperature at (70Co
) killed the Oocysts as infection of mice didn’t occur.
3- Generally, a gradual increase in total and differential leukocyte count on infection with nontreated Oocysts at day 3 post infection.

The current study was designed to detect estrogen role in adult male rats by giving aromatase
inhibitor ( ltrozole 1 mg ̷Kg. B. W) for 60 days orally to inhibit aromatase enzyme activity and to
study the effect of giving source of estrogen flax seeds (25 g ̷100 g diet) and aqueous extract sage
(1000mg ̷Kg. B.W.) orally. The study showed that adult male rats treated with ltrozole resulted in a
significant decrease in the weight of testes, prostate , percentage of live sperms , number of sperms ,
number of mounting , intromission, ejaculation and in the time period from mixing with females to the
first mounting , intromission and ejaculation , the time period between mount and another,
intromission and another, ejaculation and another, and significant increase in the percentages of dead
as well as abnormal sperms. Flax seeds treatment significantly reduced percentage of live sperms,
number of sperms, number of mounting , intromission, and ejaculation, and significantly increased
percentage of dead sperms compared with control group. Sage extract treatment caused a significant
decrease in number of sperms, number of mounting, intromission and ejaculation , as well as a
significant increase in the time period from mixing of female to the first mounting, first intromission
and first ejaculation compared with control. The results showed that administration of sage extract
with letrozole showed a significant increase in testis weight, percentages of live sperms and number
of sperms, and asignificant decrease in dead and abnormal sperms compared with the letrozole group.
Administration of flax seed with letrozole did not significantly change weight of the testis , prostate,
percentage of live, dead , abnormal sperm and number of sperm compared with letrozole group.
Administration of Flax seed and sage extracts to male rats treated with letrozole did not significantly
change all the done tests of sex behavior. The study concluded that estrogen has an important role in
the function of male reproductive system, which is shown through the negative effects of the aromatase
inhibitor on the weights of the testis, prostate, live and dead and abnormal sperm, and sexual behavior.
Sage extract, but not flax seed, has benefit effects on the defect induced by aromatase inhibitor
letrozole both flax seed and sage do not produce positive effects on sexual behavior

In this paper the compounds (11-20) (methyl pyrimidine - 2(1H)-one and others phenyl
pyrimidine -2(1H)- one) that had been already prepared from α, β unsaturated carbonyl compounds
that are called chalcones, these compounds are usually prepared from the reaction of different
aldehydes (4-methoxy benzaldehyde, 2-nitro benzaldehyde,
3-nitrobenzaldehyde, 4-N,N—dimethyle amino benzaldehyde, benzaldehyde, 4-nitro-benzaldehyde)
with different ketones (acetone, acetophenone, 2-nitro acetophenone, 3-nitro acetophenone) After
preparing and purifying them a suitable mesurment for physical, chemical and spectroscopic properties
had been made to get chalcones that reacted with urea under known chemical conditions to get the
pyrimidinone compounds that we need. Pyrimidine compounds had been reacted with two aromatic
amines (2,4-dinitro aniline and 4- amino acetophenone) using glacial acetic acid as catalyst in absolute
ethanol giving a new compounds of schiff's bases (21-40). New thiazolidine 4-one (41-50) had been
synthesized from the reacting of Schiff's bases (21-30) with thioglycolic acid in absolute ethanol. 1,3-
oxazepine derivatives. (51-60) had been prepared from reaction between Schiff's bases (31-40) and
malic anhydrid in absolut ethanol. The structures of the Synthesized compounds had been estimated
by IR, 1H- NMR and some physical data.

The gradient energy coefficient (

) has a main function in extracting the polymers properties to
help us to innovate and manufacture new polymers and different process like coating, wetting,
foaming, adhesion operations. The Cahn-Hilliard (CH) theory [1], represents the free energy profile
of polymer surfaces or interfaces. Considers the free energy profile of polymer surfaces or
interfaces as inhomogeneous which has more than one phase. On the other hand, it has been used
the Freed Bawendi contribution in conjunction with Cahn-Hilliard in treatment with architecture
structure for polymers [2]. While Simha-Somcynsky (SS) theory describes the thermodynamic
properties of both low and high molecular weights in terms of occupied site fraction (y) [3]. This
study has been examined in the range of (313 -473) K temperatures and up to about (150) Mpa
pressure. The quantitative success of our study is clearly appeared in the minimum and maximum
deviations in the volume is 0.036 and 0.128 respectively

Infections caused by bacteria are common in infants and neonates. Some of these infections are
severe and usually carry high risk of fatal complications such as septicemia and / meningitis if left
un-treated. Very often, the diagnosis of these infections is clinical as well as laboratory diagnosis
to determine the type of bacteria in body fluids such as urine, stool, blood and CSF. The present
study aims to isolate and identify the bacteria responsible for some types of severe infections in
neonates such as urinary tract infections (UTI), gastrointestinal tract (GIT) infections and
bacteremia in West bank of Mosul city and test their susceptibility to different antibiotics. Twentyseven (27) samples from blood, 28 from urine and 6 from stool were collected from neonates
admitted to "Mosul General Hospital" in West Bank of Mosul city in the period between 1/7/2018
to 1/9/2018. Our results indicated that Staphylococcus aureus was the most common bacterial
isolate in blood (81%), whereas both Staphylococcus aureus and Esch. coli were common in urine
(48% and 43% respectively) followed by Proteus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (4.5 % each). Both
Staphylococcus aureus and Esch. coli were highly sensitive to amoxiclav (83% for and 100%
respectively), levofloxacin (88% for Staphylococcus aureus and 100 % for Esch.coli) and
meropenem (100% for both Staphylococcus aureus and Esch .coli). However, both of them were
highly resistant to ampicillins (100%) and 3rd generation cephalosporins. Although meropenem is
effective, it's use should be selected and restricted to highly resistant cases to avoid the emergence
of early antibiotic resistance.

This paper involves a determination of paracetamol using less environment harmful reagent;
the hydroxy analog of the pharmaceutical naproxen replaces the chemical reagent in which it is
used as a coupling agent for the diazotized p-aminophenol (the hydrolysis product of
paracetamol).The paper offers a determination of an analgesic paracetamol in the presence of high
content of another analgesic .
Paracetamol azo-dye formed shows the higher absorption peak at 500 nm. Absorbanceconcentration relation is liner over the range from 10 to 650 µg/20ml, (i.e. 0.5-32.5 ppm) with a
good sensitivity (molar absorptivity 1.2x104
l.mol-1
.cm-1
) ; good precision (RSD better than
±0.275%) and high accuracy (relative error less than + 0.77%), Sandell's sensitivity index is
0.0124µg.cm-2
, the calculated limit of detection (LOD) is 0.0030 µg/ml and the evaluated limit of
quantitation (LOQ) is 0.0101 µg/ml. The application of the method exhibits a successful results for
determination of paracetamol in dosage forms and it's already applied for the determination of
paracetamol in presence of naproxen .

A simple and accurate spectrophotometric method for the estimation of aniline in various water
samples was done. The method was based on the condensation reaction of acetyl acetoneformaldehyde (AC-FA) reagent with aniline. to produce a yellow colored product, with maximum
absorption at 417 nm, which has good stability at room temperature and it is very soluble in water
(the medium of reaction). Beer's law is applied in the concentration range of 2.5 to 50 µg. ml-1
of
aniline with a molar absorptivity 3.864×103
l.mol-1
.cm-1
and Sandell's sensitivity index 0.0241
µg.cm-2
, a relative error of – 0.51 to +4.15 % and a relative standard deviation of ±0.78 to ±1.28%
depending on the concentration level. The study also included the effect of organic compounds on
the recovery of aniline in water samples. Aniline is the simple type of primary aromatic amines as
it enters into many industrial fields and is considered as an important material. Aniline regarded as
major pollutant of water, thus, its estimation was studied in different samples of water such as river,
tap and Zamzam well waters.

Diabetes is a metabolic disorders disease characterized by the abnormal high levels of blood
sugar due to incomplete or relative deficiency of insulin secretion as well as disorders in
carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism.
The study aims to evaluate the physiological effects of aging on oxidative stress and mineral
levels in diabetes type II by measuring F.B.S,HbA1c%, levels of a number of important indicators
of oxidative stress, level of ferritin ,copper and zinc in the serum. The study included the collecting
of 70 blood samples from patients with NIDDM for both sexes in the center of Diabetes and
Endocrinology in Sulaimaniyah city. The age of each group in this study ranged between 40-70
years. The study concluded that the rate of both FBS and T.GSH increased with age in diabetic
females, the MDA increased with age in diabetic males, and ferritin increased with age in both
sexes. Moreover, copper decreased with age in diabetics for both sexes

This study was carried out inside a wired house and included the planting two cultivars of
wheat (Sham 6 – IPA 99) in soils containing roots residues of corn (Zea may L) and sunflower
(Helianthns annuus L) with exposing plants to three levels of field capacity (35, 60, 85%) and
spraying plants with three concentrations of ascorbic acid (0, 100, 200) ppm in order to know the
effect of these factors on some physiological, biochemical and allelopathic potential of wheat. The
experiment has been designed on the basis that it is factorial and over completely Randomized
Design (C.R.D) Duncan's multiple range test at 5% level was used to compare between the means
and the results showed.
The addition of corn residues and sunflower showed a great effect in lowering plant height,
relative water content, chlorophyll, number of grains / spike and grains yield with the increasing
the concentration of catalase.
Exposure of plants to drought (35% field capacity) showed a negative effect on all traits
above comparing to field capacity (60, 85%) except for the increase in antioxidant enzymes
(Peroxidase, Catalase).
Plants submitted under two types of stress (drought + allelopathy) can improve their growth
and reduce the negative effect of drought and the inhibitory effect of residues by treating it with
ascorbic acid especially in the concentration 200 ppm.
More over, sham 6 was significantly superior on IPA 99 in most physiological and
biochemical characters, which was reflected in the increasing grains yield.

Dialysis is used when the patient's kidneys can no longer perform their functions normally;
it is a treatment that performs the functions of natural kidneys. Most patients begin dialysis when
their kidneys have lost 85-90% of their ability to work naturally and they have to depend on dialysis
for the rest of their lives, is called end –stage renal disease (ESRD). Infection in patients with end
stage renal disease (ESRD) is usually treated with hemodialysis (HD) or peritoneal dialysis (PD).
End stage renal disease a major cause of morbidity and mortality, in order to assess the fungal
growth at hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis unit a descriptive study was conducted at
hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis units in Hawler teaching hospital, from 15th of January to the
end of May 2017;the study also includes the access sites and peritoneal catheter site. Factors that
affected the access site among dialysis patient in the hospital. Sample of 63 patients, who were
attending to the dialysis unit at time of the data collection, had been taken; in addition to that swab
samples had been gathered from access site and peritoneal catheter site. The results of the study
revealed that the fungal growth was positive at dialysis access sites, where the total percentage was
84.1% and that of peritoneal catheter site was 15.85%. In these unites, different types of
filamentous fungi and yeasts had been successfully isolated.