Iraqi Journal of Market Research and Consumer Protection

Duo to the increased demand of bottled water in Iraq there has been a growing concern about the microbial quality of these products.
Thirty five different bottled water products (20 L) collected randomly from Baghdad local markets were examined for the bacterial indicators (coliform group and streptococcus spp)using Most Probable Number Method.
Products were also analyzed for coli phages as an indicator of enteroviruses and faecal pollution ,two procedures were applied , the first is Two-Step Enrichment Method and the second is Single Agar Layer Method .
The result show nine products gave a positive for bacterial indicator and coli phages detected in three products among these two products show a negative result for bacterial indicator such products can have an impact on the health of consumers.
The coli phages have been suggested as potential indicators of the presence of enteric viruses and faecal pollution in bottled water.

The study aims to clarify the use of the sodium bicarbonate and Hyssop officinal in the cooking period, and the nutrition ingredients for the cooked legumes. The results showed abstract differences between the treatments no. 3, 4 and 5 and between the remaining treatments of the beans. So as the been it showed abstract differences between treatments no. 3, 5 and 8 and the other treatments, so as lentil the abstract differences shown between the treatments no. 3, 4 and 15 and the rest of the treatments. Providing that, the treatments 3, 4 and 5 are the treatments that used the herb the 4% percentage being added to the drenching water and the cooking water. While wetness percentage of bean showed abstract differences between the treatments 2, 5, 6, 9 and 13 and the rest of treatments. Been also showed abstract differences between the treatments 2, 5 and 9 and the rest of the treatments. While for lentil the abstract differences are between the treatment 3, 4 and 7 and between 1, 5, 10, 11 and 13 and between 2, 6, 8, 9, 14, 16 and 17.
The results also referred to the bean content of protein with abstract differences between treatments 1, 6, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13, 15, 16, 17 and between 2, 3, 4, 7, 10, 14 and between 5, while in been the abstract differences appeared between treatments 1, 3, 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 17 and between 2, 5, 7, 16. While for lentil the abstract differences noticed between treatments 1, 3, 10, 11, 16 and between 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 12, 13, 14, 15 and 17.
Moreover, the legumes content of fat refers that with been the abstract differences are between the treatments 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13 and between 3, 5, 7, 10 and between 14, 15, 16, 17. While for been the abstract differences are between 1, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11 and 12 and between 2, 3, 9, 13, 14, 15, 16 and 17 and between 4. The results also referred according to lentil the abstract differences are between 1, 3, 6, 9, 11, 12, 14, 15, 16, 17 and between 4, 5, 7, 8, 10 and between 2, 13. Legumes content of ash in beans the results referred that the abstract differences between treatments 1, 2, 6, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13, 14, 16, 17 and between 3, 4, 10, 15 and between 5. While for been the abstract differences are between treatments 7, 10, 15 and the rest of the treatments. The same is also true for lentil the abstract differences are between treatments 3, 5, 13 and the rest of the treatments. In general the effect of the Hyssop officinal on legumes was clear compared with sodium bicarbonate, that is why the herb is considered a good material in legumes cooking to the fasten the process and reduce the time needed for it. In addition to that the alimentary material has a good taste which improves the feature of the materials that it added to.
The differences was also discovered between the three types of legumes, the lower differences according to cooking duration for the benefit of lentil 13.776 for wetness factor for the benefit of been 6.40. Protein element reached 5.79 for lentil benefit. Finally, fat element reached 0.324 for been benefit and reached 0.053 for beans for the ash element.

The relationship between FDI and the environment is one of the most important contemporary economic issues because of their impact environmental consequences, in spite of the positive aspects that are conveyed in this relationship, it Atakhlu to the negative impact of significant harm that occurs at the national level.
In spite of many intellectuals is the phenomenon of foreign direct investment, an important factor of economic development, we believe that it carries with it the phenomenon of negative environmental effects, making it sometimes a negative factor for the development process. Mnagltodih and the relationship between the flow of inward FDI to the country's environmental pollution, has been used four groups of countries have been divided according to geographical location to the group of Arab and Asian countries and European and African countries - the U.S. and Australia. The study found that the contribution of the research sample in the emission of carbon dioxide emissions by 77% from a persistent world, either the size of the GDP of the research sample represented 98% of the total world production nearly as well as the ratio of FDI inflows for the sample by 78.3 % of total global foreign investment and the high rates and the representative of the study the most important factors affecting the environmental pollution. As well as the different factors affecting and causing environmental pollution and by groups depending on the importance of the percentages of the different variables.

The aim of this study is to determine some essential trace elements in cereal infant food named Redialac.
This product is imported by Iraqi Trade Ministry for infant food ration distribution system since 2001, and yet is still found in local and trade markets.
Total ash was determined by dry ashing method. The result reveled that the food contain about 0.25g/100g ash with average composition of 0.06g/100 kcal Essential trace elements were determined by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometer, the concentration for Iron, Zinc, Copper, Manganese and Selenium were 1.19, 1.29, 0.19, 0.041, 0.001 mg/100g with average composition of 0.28 mg, 0.31mg 45.8 µmg, 9.78 µmg and 0.23 µmg/100kcal.

The objective of this survey is to know the level of E. coli O157:H7 contamination in beef meat products and dairy products in Baghdad local markets. Three E. coli O157:H7 isolate were detected from 100 samples of beef meat products and 98 samples from dairy products. Confirmated by biochemical and serological tests. The E. coli O157:H7 isolates were found in 2% of beef meat products and 1.02% of dairy products samples.

This research aims to build a relational database for the personal computer, in designing a system that provides the possibility for the definition of the overall structure of the database for restaurants information, and performing the required manipulations, where fields names, their types and their nature of using them as keys is declared. Also this project provides the possibility of adding, retrieving, and updating of records as required. These operations are done through interactive menus. Simple statements and messages are used to simplify the interaction operations for the users.

The monthly and seasonal averages of physiochemical and microbial properties of 336 drinking water samples collected from 14 sections in Baghdad city include (Al-Kadimiya, Al-Kadraa, Al-Ameriya, Al-Bayaa, Al-Saydiya, Al-Qadisiya, Al-Doora, Al-Qahera, Al-Aadamiya, Madenat Al-Sader, Al-Baladiyat, Baghdad Al-Jadeeda, Al-Karada and Al-Zaafaraniya) for 12 months were studied. The studied properties include the averages and concentrations of turbidity, pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, total hardness, calcium, magnesium, chloride, lead, aerobic bacterial total count, total and fecal coliform, fecal streptococci, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and detection of Salmonella. The results clarified the failing of 25% samples in the application of the sanitary demands stated in the confirmed Iraqi standards that essentially referred to aerobic bacterial total count, and the failing of 33.42% samples in the application of physiochemical demands which essentially referred to lead concentrations. The samples from Al-Zaafaraniya station recorded the highest averages of the studied properties; while the samples from Al-Kadraa, Al-Bayaa, Al-Saydiya recorded the lowest averages. This study discussed the effects of seasons and maintenance measures on the studied properties. The correlations among the physiochemical and microbial properties.

This research was dealing with the quality of some babies plastic teats and bottles that available in local markets, they are offered a good service and fast circulation. Where sixteen of four types of babies plastic teats and bottles have been drawn from market. Each type from this stuff has been subjected to four tests. In this research investigations have been carried for the faults present in these stuff such as glutinousness, debacle, and changes occurred in color during sterilization using steam under pressure in autoclave apparatus. This research was also dealing with some asides of chemical composition of baby feeding bottles and rubber teats regarding the reducing the negative effects or hangovers of using baby feeding bottles for long periods. During examining the absorption of water of the stuff their weights after immersing the babies plastic teats and bottles in cold water for 24 hr. and in boiling water for one hour were found slightly diverse. In this research a significant differences in pH values of the extraction solution were noticed after subjection of babies plastic teats and bottles for one hour to a temperature of 120 ± 5 o C using autoclave apparatus, as well as a significant differences were noticed in the absorption of the extraction solution at wave lengths between 200 nm and 230 nm using UV-spectrophotometer. The absorption spectra for samples been tested have indicated a transfer of organic substances from samples to water solution, these materials could be hazard to baby health. Significant differences in weights in this research were found during experiments to determine the absorption of the babies plastic teats and bottles towards chemical solutions using 1% of sodium hypochlorite and after immersing the stuff in this solution for 24 hr.

Some bacterial tests were carried out for imported frozen chicken thighs which were available in wholesale and retail markets in Baghdad City from 1/2– 1/4 /2008, to ensure their compliance with the standard criteria and validity for human consumption. The results revealed that the total bacterial count range for all samples was 1x102– 5x105 and 2x103– 3x107 cfu/gm meat of wholesale and retail markets respectively. A comparison between the samples of two markets showed a significant difference (p<0.01). The total count of coli form had a range of 0-2x104 cfu/gm meat of wholesale markets, while it was 0-8x104 cfu/gm meat of retail markets. A comparison between the samples of two markets showed a significant difference (p<0.01), with the exception of Sadia brand, which showed no bacterial content of coliform With respect to Staphylococcus aureus, the total range of bacterial count for all samples was 0-5x103 and 0-2x104 cfu/gm meat of wholesale and retail markets, respectively. A comparison between all brand samples of the two markets showed a significant difference (p<0.01), with the exception of Iraqi Biadir and Brazilian Pridex Considering freeze tolerant bacteria, the total bacterial count for all samples was 2x101– 2x104 and 3x102– 3x106 cfu/gm meat of wholesale and retail markets, respectively. A comparison between the samples of two markets showed a significant difference (p<0.01). All thigh samples were Salmonella free.

The antibacterial activity of each of ethanol extract of radish seeds and L. acidophilus against Enteropathogenic E. coil was studied using well diffusion method (in vitro) and mice (in vivo), The growth kinetics of mixed culture of two bacterial species were also studied.
The results showed a strong antibacterial activity against E. coli for each of ethanol extract of radish seeds (R. sativus) and L. acidophilus . It was found that the diameters of inhibition zones were 28 and 25mm. respectively .It was found also that the L. acidophilus inhibits the growth of E.coli in mixed culture, and the inhibition begun after 36 hr. but after 72 hr. there was no any growth of E. coil.
The histopathological study of intestine and liver in mice revealed that the ethanol extract and L. acidophilus exhibited inhibition in the growth of E. coli and prevent any inflammation or harmful histological changes, Such findings confirms the benifical effects of Lactobacillus as probiotic and that ethanol extract of radish seeds as treatment compound for diarrheal diseases caused by bacterial pathogens. It was concluded that the extract and Lactobacillus holds great promise as antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory therapeutic

Aspirin is commercially available in the form of tablets containing 100 mg for oral administration. Aspirin content of each tablet which is manufactured from different industrial sources companies (SDI, NDI, BAYER, PHARMALINE, RIVA and COCUKLARCIA) using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with reversed-phase (ODS-C18) column at low wave length of Uv-visible detection (280 nm). An efficient procedure was used for preparation of aspirin samples. The aspirin was eluted for 5 minute at flow rate 2ml/min and temperature equal to 298 K°. The retention time of aspirin was observed at 3.8 minuet. The main absolute recovery of aspirin of all tablets was taken from different above companies were (102, 94, 94, 92, 90 and 88%) respectively. The assay showed good relationship between area under the peak (AUP) and aspirin content (p> 0.001). The Iraqi companies tablets produced an accurate content of ingredients aspirin in each tablet.