Sciences Journal Of Physical Education

The process of fatigue is the result of changes that occur in various organs and systems and the whole body during the period of performing physical work, which ultimately leads to the continuation of fatigue. Fatigue is characterized by low performance efficiency, which appears in the sense of personal fatigue. In the case of fatigue a person is not able to maintain the level of required intensity or technical performance or forced "to reject continuity to the degree of participation of these physiological systems or those in performing exercises of different trait and capacity is not equal. when performing any kind of exercise ,it can be produced potential basic leading systems ,which determine the degree of probability of these systems in terms of the maximum relationship capacity and continuity limited to perform this exercise in any period of solutions and state of fatigue Thus, this way that the functional capabilities of the systems don’t limit strongly implementing this exercise and its maximum continuity or nature, but also minimize it as well .

Exercise weightlifting and aerobics are the best way to get rid of excess centimeters of some body contexts and weight loss for women, according to current studies on the world level in the field of fitness and weight loss in a healthy and effective way. The problem lies in the research through the development of a curriculum of weight training and aerobics and their impact on some components of the bodybuilding and weight loss in women. Contributing to raising the health status and social awareness in the importance of exercising regular weightlifting exercises in the community and women especially. The study aimed to reveal the impact of a proposed training curriculum using weight on some components of the body building in women ages (25-35) years, which revealed the impact of a proposed training curriculum using weight on weight loss in women aged (25 - 35) years. The researcher used the experimental method that includes one group for its suitability for the nature of the research. The research community was represented in the deliberate way of practices in the Fitness Center (EXPOWER) in Erbil governorate, total number (80) practices. The research sample consisted of (18) practices selected according to their wishes in the Participation of the training curriculum. (3) were excluded because of their participation in the pilot survey, and (4) were excluded because they were not in the training units continuously as the sample size under study was (11) practices. Statistical data by the following statistical means: arithmetic mean - standard deviation - test (T) for the equal related samples. The study concluded that the weight training curriculum achieved noticeable positive changes in the following anthropometric measurements (shoulders circumference - chest circumference - upper arm circumference - mid circumference - buttocks circumference - thigh circumference) because the values were significant. The study recommended the need to rely on a training curriculum using weight resistance because it has an impact in some of the body surroundings and increase muscle mass and resistance to the occurrence of slack in the body , the need to rely on a training method using resistance to weight and aerobic exercises for the purpose of body weight and Conduct similar studies on males

Javelin shooting is one of the activities of track and field, which requires special physical and motor qualities in order to maintain theplayer leveland can progress towards the optimal performance to reach the achievement. The use of weights is one of the means by which we can link physical character and motor skills in a way that is appropriate to the correct movements of performance.The research aims to::

.Prepare a dietary guidance program - psychological and applied to a sample of athletes aged 35 - 40 years.-
-.Identify the impact of dietaryguidance program - psychological on developing some physical and functional abilities and the trend towards exercise for men aged 35 - 40 years.
-Identify the impact of the program prepared by the trainer (without dietary guidance - psychological) on developing some physical and functional abilities and the trend towards exercise for men aged 35 - 40 years.
-Identify the differences between the two programs in the development of some physical and functional capabilities and the trend towards exercise for the sample of research.

The research aims to:
1. Identifythe level of basic skills among players of some football academies between the ages of 12-14 years in the center of the Sulaymaniyah province.
Setting scores and finding standard levels of basic skills in football.2
The researchers used the descriptive approach in the method of standard rates. The research community was determined by players of sports academies in Sulaimanya province, total number is 246 players, representing 10 academies, and 4 players have been selected randomly by lot method. The means used to collect date were the sources and references were used to determine the skills and tests, the scientific coefficients for the selected tests were confirmed, and the data were processed by using the statistical package (SPSS).The researchers concluded that

The research objective is to identify the effect of an anaerobic differential threshold training approach on the blood lactate level of 5000m runners . The research sample consisted of (8) players representing Zakho Sports Club in long distance running. The researchers used the (OBLA) test to collect research data. The researcher used the experimental design for the one experimental group , and the group was subjected to pre-test.The the experimental approach has been conducted in which the researchers relied on training based onAnaerobic Differential Threshold, for 8 weeks by 3 training units per week . The researchers used the pregnancy ripple (1: 2) in the lower courses and the ripple (1: 3) in the intermediate courses. After the end of experimental approach ,the posttests were conducted. The researchers also used statistical methods (arithmetic mean, standard deviation, percentage, Welcoxin test, percentage change) to process the data. The researchers concluded that the training method according to the anaerobic difference threshold improved (delayed) anaerobic difference threshold and reduced blood lactate concentration..

The research objective is to reveal the effect of using the method of mental training in the accuracy of the performance of some basic skills of volleyball. The research sample consisted of 30 male and female students in the second stage of school of physical education in Koya University.
The researcher used the experimental method for its suitability for the nature of the research. The research sample was divided into two groups (15 students for each group). Equivalent procedure for the two groups was conducted in the variables ( age, height , mass, intelligence , appearances of attention , sport mental imagination and other physical fitness motor elements affecting in accuracy of the two skills of scrolling in front of the heat to the front and service from the top )
The interview, questionnaire, tests, and metrics were used as a means of collecting data and then developed two educational programs, the first of which was based on the curriculum of the second stage students and the second program, which included the same program in addition to the method of mental training. Each program consists of (6) teaching units applied over (6) weeks for each unit (90) minutes. The researcher used (arithmetic mean, standard deviation, T-test for two related media, and T-test for two unrelated media) as statistical methods for data processing.

The study aimed to identify the level of job satisfaction among faculty members and administrative performance of the research sample, and identify the relationship of job satisfaction with administrative performance. The researcher used the descriptive approach due to its suitability for the nature of the research.
The research sample included faculty members in the College of Physical Education and Sports Science for Girls / University of Baghdad, who hold the title of assistant lecturer and more. The total research community reached (66) members in a deliberate way to be the total research sample (60).After conducting statistical treatments , data were presented in tables and graphs and then discussed,.
The researcher concluded that the study measures job satisfaction and administrative performance are valid measurement tools for what was developed for the faculty members, as the faculty members need job satisfaction to continue working in the college, and that job satisfaction is associated with a positive relationship to improve the administrative performance of the college deanship. The researcher recommends that It is necessary that the Ministry of Higher Education and the sectorial committee should prepare a comprehensive plan to address job satisfaction and administrative performance.

- The aim of the research is to explore the effect of the use of skilled exercises in the development of students' abilities in the accuracy of near handball scoring.
- There were statistically significant differences in the accuracy of the close scoring between the two experimental groups and for the experimental group that used the scoring method of stability (the 7-meter line).
- The study sample was chosen by the intentional method, which is "freely selected on the basis that it achieves the study objectives of the researcher (40) students of the second stage of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences - Mosul University for the season (2016 - 2017) After the exclusion of students who were retarded from the exercises and tests and the number of (4) students, and the sample was divided into two experimental groups of each (18) students by lottery.
Conclusions-
In light of the research sample and the methodology used, and after presenting and discussing the results, the following conclusions can be drawn:
-The use of a proposed training program on a regular basis for a period of (9 weeks) at (3 times) per week is effective in increasing the ability of students to develop the accuracy of near scoring and accuracy of the 7 m (test) sample.
-There are significant differences between the tribal and remote tests and the experimental research groups and all the variables of research.
-There are significant differences in the remote tests for the benefit of the experimental group that applied the scoring near the line 7 meters and all the variables of the search.

The research aimed to:
- Detectthe impact of composite skill based on training with the fullphosgene in some physical qualities, basic skills, anaerobic ability and fatigue index among football young players.
-Detect the impact of composite skill based on training with thephosgene deficiency in some physical qualities, basic skills, anaerobic ability and fatigue index among football young players.
The experimental approach was used due to its suitability for the nature of the research. The research sample was identified by the players of Mosul Sports Club of football under the age of (19) years for the football season (2017/2018) and the number (22) players,. They were divided into two experimental groups and by (11) players for each group. The main steps of the research were to conduct a questionnaire and conduct personal interviews with some of the specialists to determine the severity of performance and composite skill training and its suitability for a sample. B D. The design of the training curricula for the skill training combined with full phosgene and phosgene deficiency. Physical tests and skills and anaerobic tribal ability were conducted in three consecutive .Then the training curricula for two medium courses and the ripple of the load movement (1: 3)carried out and by eight small cycles, and post-tests were conducted at the same procedures adopted in the implementation of pre- tests

The research aimed to
1. Identify the effect of a similar training load on the amount of energy spent in terms of calories to make muscle groups between the upper and lower parts of the body in one set of repetitions
2.Identify the effect of similar training load on the amount of energy discharged in terms of calories to make muscle groups between the upper and lower parts of the body in multiple groups of repetitions (total size))
The sample included (15) individuals who attend sports halls and sports practitioners after the heroes or athletes belonging to sports clubs or bodybuilders were excluded, then the body fat percentage was examined on the research sample as well as the age of the sample was limited between 20-23 years). The homogeneity of the sample was conducted according to the variables(Age, mass, fat-free weight, and height). The researcher used physical measurements and tests, namely, pressure exercise from the lying flat on the flat bench (Bench Press) and half squat (half-bearded), and the maximum strength test (1RM).Then the percentage was selected (30%) of the maximum weight raised for the final test, which was determined as proportions that correspond to the maximum weight performance of the exercises without falling the level within (10) seconds as an expression of the top of the anaerobic work and T test independent related samples.
- The researcher conclude that when performing the exercise once for several repetitions, there is a noticeable difference in the amount of energy spent and in favor of the lower part even when the intensity of the exercise is equal. The amount of energy discharged to a complete test unit of equal intensity is greater for the lower section of the upper part

Due to the importance of sporting activities, those in charge of the educational process are to find ways and methods of various objectives to develop the educational process, including the method of fast learning for the purpose of facilitating the learning process.
The activity of long jump is one of the activities of jumping in athletics during the teaching of this event, and the results of the process. In order to facilitate this process learning, the researchers use this method for being important in the field of learning, aiming to prepare the educational curriculum in accordance with the method of fast learning fast in the long jump activity as well as identifying the effect of this curriculum on the long jump activity among female students .
The researcher used the experimental method due to its suitability for nature of the research by the design of the two equivalent groups of the sample of the female students of the first stage / University of Baghdad / College of Physical Education and Sports Science for girls. The data were statistically processed. The researcher concluded many things such as the teaching curriculum according to the fast learning

The research significance and introduction includes the use of Exercises to develop strength-bearing and its impact on accuracy of some offensive skills among volleyball sitting players as it constitutes the basic pillars on which the offensive skills depend, and it the important factor for raining the level of training. The regular training and implementing the training standardized curriculum on the basis of scientific correct principles lead to a high physical fitness and efficiency ,consequently, it will achieve a good result .Therefore, the offensive skill in sitting volleyball need a great effort to invest time for mastering these skills and increasing its accuracy through developing the physical abilities such as strength-bearing ,which help players to achieve the best level and increase self-confidence for players and enable them to overcome the experiences of failures that are repeated with the result of the extra effort on the higher parties and try to fix the performance within their abilities , and here lies the research significance in terms of accuracy of some offensive skills ,especially in deducting round . The research aims to :

The research aims to
1. Reveal the effectiveness of using the strategy of learning teams and the traditional method of Refereeing and the development of aerobic and non- anaerobic capacity and self-confidence among students of the third stage in the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Science / University of Salah al-Din.
2. Reveal the differences between the strategy of learning teams and the traditional method in the post-test of Refereeing and the test of air and anaerobic ability and self-confidence among students of the third stage in the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Science / University of Salah al-Din.

Physical education has made great strides towards progress in our time, using methods of assessment and proper scientific measurement, and modern technology is one of the main pillars that helped to take physical education those broad steps towards progress.
The great interest in the education of young people in general and physical education in particular made the workers in the field of physical education emphasize the effective performance in this vital area, which must be supported by facts and sections through the use of measurements and various sports tests to evaluate the performance of their players. But measurements of sports achievement and the collection of abstract figures is not evidence of the optimal performance in this field .The teacher or coach needs to think logically and objectively to analyze the statistical processes to derive those facts from the results of these measurements and tests. Used logically and objectively to discover the facts of the results of different tests determine the numerical value of the level of achievement of the individual given in standard units, but the coach or teacher would like to know something about the meaning of this value.

The research objective is to design a training curriculum for some physical characteristics in developing the level of straight punch and round kick in Kung Fu, the differences in the pre and posttest of the experimental and control groups for the performance of the straight punch and the round kick in the kung fu. The differences in the posttest in the experimental and control group for performing the straight punch and round kick in kung fu. The researcher hypothesized that there are significant differences between the pre and posttests in the two skills and for the experimental and control groups. There are significant differences in the post test in the two skills and for the experimental and control groups. The researcher used the arithmetic mean and the standard deviation percentage and the T value of separate and linked samples. The research sample consisted of Dihouk club players, and the number is 26 players the researcher concluded improving in the level of performance of the two skills (straight punch and round kick) in the pre and posttest, and the experimental group was superior than the control group in the post test in the level of straight punch performance. There were no differences in the post test for either group of round kick skill. The control group did not make good progress in the performance of two skills (straight punch and round kick) in the pre and post tests

The study aimed to prepare different exercises for general endurance by using low intensity interval training and Fartelk method, and to identify their effect on some physiological indicators and achieving (3000) meters. The researchers used the experimental method on (10) young runners for a distance of (3000) meters in some sports clubs in Baghdad, and they were divided into two experimental groups of equal number using symmetrical pairs. Physiological indicators were determined and tests for both the number of heart beats before and after the effort one minute and the maximum oxygen consumption, and the completion time of running (3000) meters. Low intensity on the first experimental group, and Fartelk method on the second experimental group. After processing the results statistically, the researchers concluded that the different endurance exercises with low intensity interval training and Fartelk method help reduce the number of heartbeat before and after the effort and increase the maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) and achieve Run (3000) meters, and different endurance exercises are not different method of low-intensity interval training from the method of reducing the number of heartbeat before the effort in the occupants (3000) meters. The method of Bartlk is better than the method of low-intensity interval training to reduce the number of heartbeats after the effort and increase the maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) and the completion of running (3000) meters .The Vartelk method did not take into account the individual differences between the runners to reduce the number of heartbeat before the effort among runners of (3000) meters

The research significance lies in the idea that volleyball is one of the games in which there is no apparent thinking during competition in the match, and since the competitor performs changeable movements and positions during defense or attack, so the player has to have flexibility and originality of action and motor response according to the situation of performance and motor reaction .Thus, teaching volleyball as a lesson in the faculties of physical education and sport sciences ,including the faculty in Baghdad university ,which needs creative students intellectually in volleyball material to be qualified to be players, coaches and teachers since their superiority in creative thinking will qualify for mastering volleyball and help others to achieve the best performance in volleyball.

The research significance in the use of the method of embedding using mental training exercises and identify its impact on improving and developing the level of performance of players to their skills .The research problem lies in the question of mental training: Does it have an impact when used in the method of embedding on the teaching of the performance of some basic skills in tennis? The research objectives were the most important to identify the impact of the use of the method of embedding using mental training exercises in learning some basic skills in tennis among students. The research community sample were students of the third stage in the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Science at the University of Basra, where the sample included (25) students for the group. The curriculum has been prepared according to the method of embedding using mental exercises and the application of the curriculum lasted nine weeks. The researcher concluded that the mental training exercises used in educational units in embedding method have great impact and effectiveness in learning some basic skills in tennis. The researcher recommended the need to adopt mental exercises with other teaching methods because they are of great importance in facilitating the process of teaching and delivering information to learners and embedding them according to educational units within the proposed curriculum.

A number of scientists and researchers were interested in therapeutic exercises to identify the effectiveness of these exercises in the removal of pain (lumbar region) and identify how it is important and its role in the rehabilitation of women and their return to their normal daily lives .The research objective is to identify the impact of therapeutic exercises for elongation of back muscles and spinal associations in removing and reducing Lower back pain (lumbar vertebrae) .The researcher hypothesized that there are significant differences in the removal or reduction of lower back pain (lumbar vertebrae). The study was carried out on a sample of 6 women and aged (30-35) years and those who suffer from acute low back pain injury ,which is in arthritis section in the General Hospital / Sulaymaniyah .The researcher concluded that therapeutic exercises showed increasing frontal flexibility of the spine and reducing the proportion of pain degree significantly as exercises have the effect of increasing the elongation of some muscles and elasticity of others and reducing pain in the lumbar vertebrae of the research sample .The researcher recommended the gradual therapeutic exercises in order to adapt the injured with the program