Pure Sciences International Journal of Kerbala

Aims and Scope

Pure Sciences International Journal of Kerbala is an open-access, interdisciplinary, single-blind peer-reviewed journal that consolidates research activities in the experimental and theoretical aspects of modern sciences. The journal aims to make significant contributions to applied research and knowledge globally through the publication of original high-quality research papers and review articles on recent advances and frontier achievements in Biology, Mathematics, Chemistry, Physics, and Computer Science, as well as their related and subfields.

Scope of Research

The journal encompasses both fundamental and applied investigations across a wide range of interdisciplinary topics. Articles of an interdisciplinary nature are particularly welcome. Any paper reporting scientifically accurate and valuable research that adheres to accepted ethical and scientific publishing standards will be considered for publication.

Publication Ethics

Pure Sciences International Journal of Kerbala is committed to upholding the highest standards of publication ethics. We adhere to the principles and policies outlined by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).

Duties of Editors

- Editors have full authority to reject or accept manuscripts.

- Editors maintain the confidentiality of submitted manuscripts under review until they are published.

- Editors preserve the anonymity of reviewers.

- Editors disclose and try to avoid any conflict of interest.

- Editors comment on ethical questions and possible misconduct raised by submissions.

Duties of Reviewers

- Reviewers assist the editorial board in making editorial decisions.

- Reviews should be conducted objectively, and observations should be formulated clearly with supporting arguments.

- Reviewers should not consider manuscripts in which they have conflicts of interest.

- Reviewers should treat the manuscript as a confidential document.

Duties of Authors

- The submitted manuscript should not be submitted to more than one journal for simultaneous consideration.

- The submitted work should be original and should not have been published elsewhere.

- Authors should adhere to discipline-specific rules for acquiring, selecting, and processing data.

- Authors should properly cite all content referenced from other materials.

Research Involving Humans, Animals, and Plants

- Research involving humans must be conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.

- Research involving animals must adhere to international, national, and institutional guidelines for the humane treatment of animals.

- Studies on plants must be carried out within the guidelines provided by the authors\' institution and national or international regulations.

Consent for Publication

- Written informed consent must be obtained from individuals who are featured in the manuscript.

- The consent form must state that the details/images will be freely available on the internet.

Fundamental Errors in Published Works

- Authors are obligated to promptly notify the journal editor of any significant errors or inaccuracies in the published work.

Plagiarism

- Plagiarism in any form constitutes a serious violation of publication ethics and is not acceptable.

- All submitted manuscripts are checked for plagiarism using professional plagiarism-checking software.

Complaints/Appeals

- All complaints, concerns, or appeals regarding authorship issues or the peer-review process should be addressed to the Editor-in-Chief.

Conflicts of Interest/Competing Interests

- Authors must disclose any conflicts of interest they may have with the publication of the manuscript.

Confidentiality

- A submitted manuscript is a confidential material.

- The journal will not disclose submitted manuscripts to anyone except individuals who partake in the processing and preparation of the manuscript for publication.

Misconduct

- Misconduct constitutes a violation of this editorial policy, journal policies, publication ethics, or any applicable guidelines/policies specified by COPE, WAME, and ICMJE.

Correction and Retraction of Articles

- Corrections may be made to a published article with the authorization of the editor of the journal.

- When necessary, the retraction of articles will be done according to COPE retraction guidelines.

Acknowledgment

- Individuals who participated in the development of a manuscript but do not qualify as an author should be acknowledged.

- Organizations that provided support in terms of funding and/or other resources should also be acknowledged.

اضافة هذه الفقرات

Author Guidelines

Contents

·         Overview

·         Before Submission

·         Editorial Manager

·         Language

·         Article Types

·         Submission Checklist

·         Submission

·         Manuscript Preparation

·         Manuscript Template Guide

·         Article Structure

·         Revised Submission

·         Peer Review and Ethics

·         Ethics in Publishing

·         Submission Declaration and Verification

·         Plagiarism

·         Changes to Authorship

·         Complying with Ethics of Experimentation

·         Studies involving Humans, Animals, and Plants

·         Consent for Publication

·         Open Access and Copyright Policy

·         Appropriate Citations to the Literature

·         Publication Fees

·         Copyright

·         Author Rights

·         User Rights

·         Author Inquiries

Overview

Pure Sciences International Journal of Kerbala (PSIJK) is an official refereed publication of the University of Kerbala. PSIJK is an open-access, interdisciplinary, and single-blind peer-reviewed journal consolidating research activities in all experimental and theoretical aspects of pure sciences. It is dedicated to the latest advancements in Biology, Mathematics, Chemistry, Physics, and Computer Science, and their related subfields. The journal aims to make significant contributions to applied research and knowledge across the globe through the publication of original high-quality research papers and review articles in the frontier achievements across the aforementioned interdisciplinary range of topic areas.

Before Submission

Please ensure that your manuscript meets the following criteria:

- Your manuscript is an original work and has not been published or is currently under review with another journal or Conference Proceedings.

- Your work meets all the Research Ethics of PSIJK.

- The manuscript should contain a separate section of \"Ethics Approval\" if the work involves human or animal subjects.

- The English of the manuscript is acceptable and it should be free of grammatical and spelling errors.

- The manuscript should be edited according to the PSIJK template.

- Your figures are of acceptable quality and uploaded as separate files.

- Your references are formatted correctly and numbered as they appear in the text.

Editorial Manager

This journal uses Editorial Manager to peer-review manuscript submissions. Please read the guide for Editorial Manager authors before making a submission.

Language

Please write your text in good English (American or British usage is accepted, but not a mixture of these). Before submission, please ensure that your manuscript is understandable and free of grammatical or spelling errors.

Article Types

Pure Sciences International Journal of Kerbala (PSIJK) publishes original and unpublished research articles and state-of-the-art papers. It seeks original research efforts based on theoretical or experimental work that fills the gap in current knowledge. The journal accepts and publishes the following article types:

- Original Study: An article introducing original research, including theoretical exposition, extensive data, and in-depth critical evaluation.

- Review Article: A review article, sometimes also called state of the art, is an article that summarizes the current state of understanding on a topic comprehensively. It analyzes or discusses research previously published by others. It should include a critical evaluation of existing data, defined topics or emerging fields of investigation, or critical issues of concern.

Submission Checklist

You can use this list to carry out a final check of your submission before you send it to the journal for review. Please check the relevant section in this Guide for Authors for more details.

- One author should be designated as the corresponding author with contact details (E-mail address and full postal address).

- Manuscript: All manuscript files have been uploaded.

- The manuscript file contains all essential sections (the order can vary): Title, Abstract, Keywords, Introduction, Ethics Approval (if the work involves the use of human or animal subjects), Materials and Methods, Results, Discussion, Conclusions, Conflicts of Interest, Acknowledgements.

- The manuscript title is short and informative.

- Author names and affiliations have been provided.

- The abstract can be read as stand-alone text and does not exceed 250 words.

- All references mentioned in the Reference List are cited in the text, and vice versa. The references should be edited according to the PSIJK style.

- The manuscript has been checked for spelling and grammar.

- Figures and Tables:

    - All figures (include relevant captions).

    - All tables (including titles, descriptions, and footnotes).

    - Ensure all figure and table citations in the text match the files provided.

    - Indicate clearly if color should be used for any figures in print.

- Author Agreement (should be signed by all authors).

- Supplemental files (where applicable).

- Further Considerations:

    - Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted material from other sources (including the Internet).

    - A competing interest statement is provided, even if the authors have no competing interests to declare.

    - Journal policies detailed in this guide have been reviewed.

    - Referee suggestions and contact details were provided, based on journal requirements.

    - Acknowledgments in a separate section at the end of the article before the references and do not, therefore, include them on the title page, as a footnote to the title, or otherwise. List here those individuals who provided help during the research (e.g., providing language help, writing assistance, proofreading the article, etc.).

Submission

All articles to be considered for publication in the Pure Sciences International Journal of Kerbala should be submitted electronically to the journal\'s online submission system (Editorial Manager). You must proofread your manuscript before submission to check for spelling and grammatical errors. During submission, please choose the most suitable category (article type) for your paper. The manuscript should be in standard MS Word document format only, and you will be guided stepwise through the creation and uploading of the various files. The system automatically converts source files to a single Adobe Acrobat PDF version of the article, which is used in the peer-review process. All correspondence, including notification of the Editor\'s decision and requests for revision, takes place by e-mail and via the author\'s homepage, removing the need for a hard-copy paper trail.

Manuscript Preparation

Manuscripts should be divided into clearly defined and numbered sections as appropriate. Principal sections should be numbered consecutively (1. Introduction, 2. Materials and Methods, etc.) and subsections should be numbered 1.1., 1.2., etc. Do not number References sections. A technical check is done on your manuscript so that the layout, sections, and cover letter are all correct. The cover letter should state that your work is authentic and is not currently submitted or reviewed or published in any other journal. All authors who report experiments on humans or animals are required to give assurance in the “Ethics Approval” section that the humans and animals were treated in accordance with the guidelines of the local ethics committee; the approval reference number should be included where relevant. You are required to send us 4 international reviewers (not from your home country) within the same field of your manuscript.

Manuscript Template Guide

Please review our Manuscript Template to use as a guide. The file must be saved in the native format of the word processor used. The text should be in double-column format. Keep the layout of the text as simple as possible. Most formatting codes will be removed and replaced on processing the article. In particular, do not use the word processor\'s options to justify text or to hyphenate words. However, do use boldface, italics, subscripts, superscripts, etc. When preparing tables, if you are using a table grid, use only one grid for each individual table and not a grid for each row. If no grid is used, use tabs, not spaces, to align columns. The electronic text should be prepared in a way very similar to that of conventional manuscripts. Note that source files of figures, tables, and text graphics will be required whether or not you embed your figures in the text. To avoid unnecessary errors, you are strongly advised to use the \'spell-check\' and \'grammar-check\' functions of your word processor.

Article Structure

Your paper should be compiled in the following order:

1. Title page

2. Abstract

3. Keywords

4. Main text (introduction, ethics approval, materials and methods, results, discussion)

5. Acknowledgments

6. Declaration of interest statement

7. References

8. Appendices (as appropriate)

9. Table(s) with caption(s) (on individual pages)

10. Figures

11. Figure captions (as a list)

Title Page

- The title should be concise and informative. Titles are often used in information-retrieval systems. Avoid abbreviations and formulae where possible.

- All authors of a manuscript should include their full name and affiliation on the cover page of the manuscript. Where available, please also include ORCiDs.

- One author will need to be identified as the corresponding author, with their email address normally displayed in the article PDF and the online article.

- Authors\' affiliations are the affiliations where the research was conducted. If any of the named co-authors moves affiliation during the peer-review process, the new affiliation can be given as a footnote. Please note that no changes to affiliation can be made after your paper is accepted.

Abstract

- The abstract of about 150－250 words should outline the objective, method, and main results, and conclusion. It should be informative, without descriptive words or citations.

- Together with the title, the abstract must be adequate as an index to all the subjects treated in the paper and will be used as a base for indexing.

Keywords

- Please provide 5 to 8 keywords that can describe the manuscript for indexing.

Introduction

- Provide background that allows readers outside the discipline to understand the significance of the study. Include a brief review of important literature in the relevant field.

Material and Methods

- Provide sufficient details to allow the work to be reproduced by an independent researcher. Methods that are already published should be summarized and indicated by a reference.

Theory/Calculation

- A Theory section should extend, not repeat, the background to the article already dealt with in the Introduction and lays the foundation for further work. In contrast, a Calculation section represents a practical development from a theoretical basis.

Results and Discussion

- Results should be clear and concise. Discussion should explore the significance of the results of the work, not repeat them. A combined Results and Discussion section is often appropriate. Avoid extensive citations and discussion of published literature.

Conclusions

- A short and concise conclusion for the investigation should be included. Repetition of results and discussion should be avoided.

Acknowledgments

- This is for the authors to express their gratitude to those who have helped during their research. Information concerning funding organizations (including the grant numbers) for the reported research is also usually provided here. The names of funding organizations should be written in full.

Disclosure Statement

- This is to acknowledge any financial or non-financial interest that has arisen from the direct applications of your research. If there are no relevant competing interests to declare, please state this within the article, for example, \"The authors report there are no competing interests to declare.\"

Supplemental Online Material

- Supplemental material can be a video, dataset, fileset, sound file, or anything that supports your paper.

Figures

- Figures should be high quality (1200 dpi for line art, 600 dpi for grayscale, and 300 dpi for color, at the correct size). Figures should be supplied in one of our preferred file formats: EPS, PS, JPEG, TIFF, or Microsoft Word (DOC or DOCX) files are acceptable for figures that have been drawn in Word.

Tables

- Tables should present new information rather than duplicating what is in the text. Readers should be able to interpret the table without reference to the text. Please supply editable files.

Equations

- If you are submitting your manuscript as a Word document, please ensure that the equations are editable.

Units

- Please use SI units (non-italicized).

References

The references should number citations consecutively within brackets [1]. The sentence punctuation follows the bracket [2]. Refer simply to the reference number, as in [3]—do not use \"Ref. [3]\" or \"reference [3]\" except at the beginning of a sentence: \"Reference [3] was the first ...\"

- Please give all authors\' names; do not use \"et al.\".

- Papers that have not been published, even if they have been submitted for publication, should be cited as \"unpublished\".

- Papers that have been accepted for publication should be cited as \"in press\".

- Capitalize each word in a paper title, except for function words and element symbols.

Reference a journal article:

[1] A. Ren, K. R. Rajashankar, D. J. Patel, Fluoride ion encapsulation by Mg2+ ions and phosphates in a fluoride riboswitch, Nature. 486 (2012) 85–89. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature11152

Reference to an authored book:

[2] J. A. C. Broekaert, Analytical Atomic Spectrometry with Flames and Plasmas, Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, FRG, 2005. https://doi.org/10.1002/3527606653

Reference to a chapter in an edited book:

[3] E. Bodo, V. Migliorati, Theoretical Description of Ionic Liquids, in: R. Caminiti, L. Gontrani (Eds.), The Structure of Ionic Liquids, Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2014: pp. 127–148. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01698-6_5

Reference to a Thesis or Dissertation:

[4] K. J. Bratton, Modeling and Control of Heterogeneous Tumors Under Chemotherapy, Doctoral dissertation, Southern Illinois University, 2014.

Revised Submission

When you revise your manuscript, upload your revised submissions including the following files:

- Revised Manuscript: Clarify the changes you have made since the original submission by using the \"Track Changes\" option in Microsoft Word. Upload this as a \"Revised Article with Changes Highlighted\" file.

- Response to Reviewers: Type the specific points made by each reviewer. Include your responses to all the reviewers\' and editors\' comments and list the changes you have made to the manuscript. Upload this document as a \"Response to Reviewers\" file.

- Revised Manuscript (Clean Copy): Upload a clean copy of your revised manuscript with names, which does not show your changes. Upload this as your \"Manuscript\" file.

Peer Review and Ethics

Peer Review Process

Pure Sciences International Journal of Kerbala is devoted to peer-review integrity with the highest standards of review. Each received manuscript is initially evaluated for suitability to the journal by the editor. Manuscripts are rejected by the editors if they are insufficiently original, have serious scientific flaws, need extensive improvement in the language, or do not fall within the aims and scope of the journal. Manuscripts deemed suitable are sent to a minimum of two external peer reviewers to assess the scientific quality of the paper. This journal operates a single-blind review process (the names and information of the reviewers are hidden from the author). Editors will make a decision based on the reviewers’ reports and authors are sent these reports along with the editorial decision on their manuscript. Authors should note that even in light of one positive report, concerns raised by another reviewer may fundamentally undermine the study and result in the manuscript being rejected.

Ethics in Publishing

The publication of an article in a peer-reviewed journal is an essential building block in the development of a coherent and respected network of knowledge. It is a direct reflection of the quality of the work of the authors and the institutions that support them. Peer-reviewed articles support and embody the scientific method. Your study must meet all ethical requirements as outlined in our Publication Ethics. If the manuscript does not pass these ethical requirements, we may return it to you for further revisions, or decline consideration of your study for publication.

Submission Declaration and Verificati