Adab AL Rafidayn

After the book “Gharib Al-Hadith by Abu Ubaid Al-Qasim Bin Salam Al-Herawi (154-224 AH), the most important book in the science of modern hadith, originally from the maturity of the origins of this science, and its usefulness and then the most important book in linguistic studies related to the hadith. Edited, the book was distinguished by its material and methodology, and therefore it won the praise and admiration of the great scholars of its time, such as Imam Ahmad bin Hanbal (d. 241 AH), Yahya bin Mu'in bin (d. 255 AH), and Ishaq bin Rahwayh Sheikh Al-Bukhari. He was also praised by the scholars who came after him, especially those who were classified in Gharib al-Hadith, as the son of Quta’i (d. 279 AH), Abu Bakr ibn al-Anbari (d. 328 AH), Abu Sulaiman al-Khattabi (d. 388 AH), and Ibn Faris (T 395 AH), Al-Sharif Al-Radhi (T 406 AH), and Al-Sharif Al-Murtada (T 436 AH), and others, who were included in this research critics of Abu Ubaid.

This research seeks to root the idea of ​​influence, suspense and present it to the constellation of poets and critics together? Because this idea has a great effect on the recipient’s enjoyment and enjoyment, and then, on the other hand, it is attested to and influenced by the calculated spontaneity. It has locks of the recipient bias to the text.
The idea of ​​influencing suspense makes our research broad enough to make the horizontal extension a threat to the vertical extension, and against this dilemma we tried to adhere to the artistic approach firmly approaching the spirit - influencing suspense, there are no poetry generations, literary schools, no anchor classes, but poetry first and poetry second, and our arbitration is not to The name of the poet or his generation, or something else that has nothing to do with the text is certain, our appeals were to poetry, and we had to expand horizontally to shorthand so we monitored the works of twenty-four Iraqi poets, eight of whom starred in their texts of lightning time and eight others had their texts matter with artistic images ( Mindfulness) While we adopted the remaining eight to observe the artistic and mental images), then we pointed out the positions of poets who did not expand the field in this (research, research at least) to monitor their valuable works and mentioning the surest faith, then we reached the extensive description of the results of the research.

The researchers differed in their views on the presence of theater in the Arabs before the Arab Renaissance: some of them emphasized the absence of theater art among the Arabs before. They attribute this to several factors, including the Arabs' lack of an analytical mindset, such as Greece, and their ideas are not connected to the results in a sequential way, and the Arab is not early. This is confirmed by Suheir Qalmawi that Arabs, by their minds, look at colleges and do not tend to analyze. And the theater relies on the analytic mentality rather than the syntactic, so they did not know it until they reached the synthesis of the analytical mentality by practicing science and knowledge. Do not expect anything but miracles while the Aryan mindset is unified and inclusive. It is a saying that does not need a response because it is scientifically refuted. There is no difference between the sublime and the Aryan minds, because the minds are the same as long as they are safe, and what is not a colonial claim to justify the appropriation of the experiences of third world countries

A comparison between the isotopes and likenesses in the Arab tongue reveals to us a phenomenon indicating consistency and balance, which is lost in many issues scattered in separate Augusts that we can suattempt here to follow a form of these issues to find out the harmony that the Arab seeks in his words, and begins with the budget in what is mentioned in the harmony between the few and the many to be reckless and a prelude to demonstrate the phenomenon of balance between masculine and feminization.m up in one chapter. To be a distinct phenomenon that has its entity in the framework of a number.
And our

Since the end of the third and early fourth centuries AH - the tenth century AD, a group of court writers and court regrets entered the field of historical notation, and coloring history became one of the tasks of employees and rebels of the court. This change affected both the goal, the content and the style, and writing the history of the current events became an easy and fun process for the experienced writers and bureaucrats. Knowledge of the literature of mirrors has arisen where history has become a theoretical and practical reference for the ruler from which he draws principles, his policy in managing the affairs of the kingdom, and the goal of historical writing has become the confirmation of moral lessons, so the educational and educational goal has replaced the goal of the bear .. The clear purpose of it is either education for seven and ruling with previous examples of the people Politics and governance have either cost the moral value of good deeds and the environment for generations.
Al-Thaalabi was one of the writers 'regrets belonging to this population, as his position as one of the writers' regrets was the good effect on the nature of his historical notation, and the current research is an attempt to explain the approach of this historian and what he added to the process of historical notation.

Academic libraries have evolved and their goals have changed and have become an essential axis of academic activity and scientific research and aim to assign this academic activity with impact and effectiveness. Libraries are now with clear goals that we seek to achieve linked to the goals of the university, and tomorrow the focus of the teaching-learning process is one of its goals. It supports the student in creating materials that help in learning. It also works now as information centers that provide an effective response to the information needs of the beneficiaries, and even influence them, and the libraries are no longer satisfied with the modern efficient library that responds to the information needs of the beneficiaries and facilitating their services. It means not only loaning its materials, but
The outcome of beneficiaries' reading, influence and development. The efficiency and effectiveness of the library depends on the programs that are developed for it in a way that secures the achievement of its goals. Previous indicators of the libraries have taken the size of the group and the number of their assets to withdraw in favor of new indicators. These are library services until the libraries have become “services” today. As a result of the great development in information processing and the uses of modern information technology, university libraries with more extended services than specialized libraries can provide services similar to those provided by specialized libraries such as selective broadcasting of individual SDI after this was mainly limited to specialized libraries when such services were It is provided on the basis of a desk survey of cultural materials.

It may seem really strange to compare or try to compare two different ages separated by thousands of elderly people, between the river of man in the beginnings of his civilization and composition and the nations and the age of man at the height of his greatness and his high and intellectual creativity, between a person who was worshiping the moon for fear of him or almost to him and between man The one who stepped on the foot of the moon’s moon and conquered his world, but went beyond it.
It may seem to some of us strange that we compare the libraries of man of the early ages and the libraries of people of this age, which introduced modern technology, mechanization, and electronic computers in every work of the library, regardless of the seven of us.
However, if we are certain that the human being of the fourth decade of the twentieth century will return the origins of his present civilization to a man who was three years before birth. And the roots of this civilization grew and grew up in that time when the people of those eras laid the first building blocks and the first principles of most of the current sciences, such as mathematics with its branches, medicine, engineering, chemistry and agricultural sciences. The Nile, then it will not be strange to compare these two ages in any field of knowledge, up to knowing the foundations and principles of current science and the common elements between them.
This research aims to define the common elements between the library in its modern concept and its work style and the library created by the Mesopotamian civilization and laid its foundations and goals like that of the rest of modern science in which people reap their fruits from those roots that were sown by the people of that ancient civilization.
I will discuss in the research the concept of the library, old and new, the nature of library materials and how to classify and present them in the form of reading services or information services with a study of the impact of each of them on the current library activities and systems, leaving the rest of the areas that can be addressed in another study such as building and managing old libraries and ways to preserve and protect their contents .

Research is not an easy aspect of Arab history in the pre-Islamic period, due to the lack of basic contemporary sources and the lack of archaeological research from this particular period.
Our narrations came from stories that were transmitted through different mountains in which passions and prejudices were played, according to the tendencies of the narrators, so the researcher must be careful and careful when taking this novel or that in writing any research.
What encouraged me to address this subject - indications in the national sense of Al-Nu`man bin al-Manzhar - is that through literary and historical narratives he pursued an independent policy that differs from his predecessors from the kings of al-Hirah, the Sasanian state that was occupying Iraq survived, and he tried to gather the efforts of the Arab tribes and called them Until the end of its differences because he sees that it is in the continuity of service to the enemy, just as he admitted to her that his existence is linked to their unity and what they fear for their part, as he thus wanted to confront the Persians with an integrated collective action, but it was soon that he paid his life a price for his national sense.

Whoever settles, Okaz in the books of literature, history, countries, language and other various sources of knowledge, and explores their life, social, political, cultural and economic dimensions, finds a bright picture of Arab society before Islam.
Okaz has remained - in some of its forms - through the path of its existence deepening the aspects of rhetoric, sanctity, justice and peace among the Arab tribes, as well as refining behavior in commercial dealings leading to the purification of religious beliefs and the call for monotheism and preaching Islam, while he was famous for the sermon of Qass ibn Sa’idah al-Ayadi, which he adopted The great Messenger (PBUH) blessing it before and after the noble prophetic mission.

The life of the modern man was affected in all its aspects by the technological and scientific revolution that we are living in today, until society became interested in spreading education among its members and ridding them of illiteracy, so it became clear that education has an effective role in development processes, because it achieves a great return in the processes of spreading ideas and basic knowledge of progress. Education of community members increases their effectiveness in the process of human communication and informs them of the developments and events around them, as it was found that there is a high correlation of (0.91) between the number of learners in society and between urbanization, political participation and information receipt ( p. ۱۰۳).
There is an imperative for the tiger and human development, but it is the integration of the various forms of expression and communication in receiving information, for a person as a social being must be able to communicate and understand in all respects with other people of his gender.
Language is an important and essential means in the process of human communication. It has emancipated man and his existence, providing human generations with knowledge, progress and development, preserving his heritage, civilization and culture, and achieving his supreme status among other beings.

The research deals with an issue that is one of the main elements in the educational and educational activity, and this is what the educational staff should have in terms of specifications that make it eligible to fulfill the mission entrusted to it by the community. The education profession in our time is one of the professions most related to development in the field of science and technology, and there is no surprise in that, since science and technology are two main axes to which this profession is directed and by making this link make the requirements of this profession subject to continuous change, which is a logical matter stemming from the necessity of intensifying the school The contemporary tasks of the scientific and technological revolution taking place in the twentieth century and the consequent changes in the lives of societies. The message of the teacher in our time expanded to accommodate elements that did not appear needed in the depth and capacity that you see in our time - so they went beyond the school’s boundaries to include following the student’s activity and placing him outside the school in the social milieu In the family, he brought up the peer group, and it became necessary also for the teacher to have distinct special skills that are consistent with the developed social goals that education works to achieve at the desired level of its meeting and greed.

We can realize the importance of youth and their active role in providing the Arab nation with all the enormous energies that young people have in their power and hardness in the face of hateful enemies and they are the nation’s base because of the specificity of the government is that “young people live a longer period compared to other stages of human life other so therefore The period that will be entrusted to the youth in building the required future within the process of revolutionary change will be a longer period.
The influential role of young people in enriching society with everything new and creative for the purpose of pushing the nation to catch up with high development through sponsoring the talented and directing them towards creative work that makes young people the most correct mind. The issue of concern for developing and directing human energies is one of the most vital demands at this age.
Our country seeks to develop its human and material bases to serve the nation and the nation. The party's leadership and the revolution have attached great importance to caring for human wealth and raising its practical efficiency in order to be able to play its national and national role in pushing the development process forward.

That the teacher is one of the important pillars in the education process, and its preparation must be academically and professionally sound through the various curricula and activities provided by the educational institutions that have the task of preparing it, and from these institutions the colleges of education and this preparation is often integrated through two main ways They :
Curricula and teaching applications are the first in three areas: general culture, specialization courses and courses in education and psychology that have to do with the task of preparing students as teachers.
As for the teaching applications practiced by students in the fourth grade, they include multiple activities that help applied students in direct contact with students in the intermediate and intermediate stages and who represent the social class that deals with it in the future profession and after the comment period that represents the practical aspect of the curricula of preparing students of the College of Education the first practical experience Students passed by
Where they put in them all what they have learned and the experiences gained from the theory of actual application through practice and facing reality, and where the strengths and weaknesses appear in the academic and artistic side and this period is considered one of the most fertile periods in the student’s life before they qualify and become teachers knowing the characteristics of the profession technically and educationally as it is In fact, during this period the applied student is exposed to difficulties that may lead to delaying him, his inconvenience and contributing to the formation of negative attitudes towards his profession and thus may affect his sufficiency and the loss of the creativity element in his profession.
Therefore, it was necessary to address these difficulties in detecting and identifying them, and then put forward proposals to overcome them for the sake of a sound educational path, and based on the importance of the subject, the researchers rushed to study the difficulties facing students of the College of Education at Salahuddin University during the academic applications.

Dimension of climate is among the main factors that have a far-reaching impact on human life in various fields. Physiological functions are desirable for climate fluctuations, as a person lives in a medium by exchanging energy with him by various means, and the body tries to convert a portion of food into energy to suit climate fluctuations. But if climatic fluctuations exceed the body’s ability to deal with it, a person begins to feel uncomfortable and upset, as high temperatures affect the injury of a number of diseases such as heat cramping due to the lack of concentration of sodium chloride salt in the body due to the large number of sweat secretions and nervous irritation, while the lower extremes of the temperature cause The incidence of chronic colds, freezing of the extremities, infection with trench foot disease and climatic classifications are a special place in climatic studies, and climatic classifications vary according to the goals included for them, but we find that most of the old and recent climatic classifications neglected the human being, so the classification of Coben was built on the basis of the relationship between climate and plant Naturally, the Thornthwaite classification is confirmed at the expense of climatic water balance of soil. The basis of the Bodiku classification was the analysis of spatial variance patterns of climate according to solar radiation. Flynn's classification is based on the type of air masses that affect the climate. While the basis of Oliver's classification is based on the frequency of certain types of air masses and since man is the core of the subject of geography, it is worthy to base the climatic classifications on the basis of the relationship between climate and man. Therefore, human classifications of climate, which are based on the relationship between climatic conditions and the feeling of human comfort or distress, have taken on great importance in modern geographic studies, and these classifications are expressed in physioclimatic classifications, which represent a new escape in human climate classifications. This research aims to apply one of the human climate climatic categories related to humans, which is a classification, Terjung, based on the physiological and psychological reactions of the person and the degree of his feeling of comfort or lack of it on the climate of the city of Mosul, to give a real and detailed picture of the environment of the city of Mosul, and how people interact in the city of Mosul With his environment.

One of the results of the expansion using land transportation means in various aspects of life was the emergence of many problems with economic, security, health and social aspects. Perhaps the most prominent embodiment of this is the escalation of the number of deaths and injuries of car accidents and the resulting priceless human losses with the accompanying human suffering due to pain and grief. Which affects those affected by these accidents as well as various economic losses, including the value of vehicles and methods affected by accidents and the expenses of ambulance and treatment injured in them.
This has imposed on the state to intervene through legal legislation to regulate the use of these media in a manner that leads to protecting the lives of citizens and ensuring their safety and safeguarding national wealth from the news that results from the misuse of these media.
For the same reasons, the state started granting the administrative agencies responsible for implementing these laws various legal powers, including granting them criminal powers, in order to provide them with the appropriate capacity for serious and effective implementation.
To achieve the same, the research was divided into four sections, the first we devoted to reviewing the penal authorities empowered to the traffic officer in Iraq and some Arab countries, and we discussed in the second topic the scope of application of the authority of the traffic officer to detain people, while the third topic has clarified the procedures for implementing the reservation decision, and in the topic Fourth, we discussed the issue of legal adaptation to the decision of confinement, and whether it is a punishment, arrest, or administrative detention. In conclusion, we reviewed the most important results of the research and the proposals that we reached.

It is not hidden that marriage is a major human relationship in the life of society, and the legislator must strive to provide successful solutions in all its stages in order for the proper social construction to take place and there is no doubt that these solutions should not deny the correct essence in the norms on which the society is being conducted, and the incorrect sides should be excluded and Not useful in existing traditions.
This research aimed to study the legal problems of marriage in the Iraqi countryside, and was confined to the countryside of Nineveh, because the researcher had informed this country closely and knew his problems in marital relations closely.
The research excluded consideration of these problems in the city because it is a constantly evolving environment other than the countryside, which is less developed or slower in progress to civilized life, and because the researcher does not want his research to be branched or distributed in more than one field, that the issue of marriage revolves in three circles affected by it and we draw Here it is: First:
Social traditions that extend to the present from the distant past, many of which are passive impediments to successful marriage.
the second :
Islamic Sharia has its own principles in setting rules and principles that regulate the marriage bond, and there is no doubt that our Iraqi society is affected by the majority of its behavior, including the provisions of marriage in the Islamic Sharia.
Third:
The laws enacted by the state to draw up legitimate marital bonds and address their dimensions are accompanied by developments facing society today.
The research took place on legal problems and seeking to find successful solutions to them, which is that by studying legal problems, it does not forget the social traditions that affect marital relations, nor does it overlook the statement of the effects of Sharia in modifying its path to achieve psychological stability and protect society from the disintegration and conflicts that afflict The family in its disharmonious life, which reflects on the suffering of future generations the painful parents, and this aversion may cause separation, displacement of children and depriving them of directing the right family in proper education.

The research aims to clarify the importance of economic sanctions, the extent of their effectiveness and their impact on aggressor countries to stop and end their aggression and the possibility of getting the United Nations to impose this economic sanction on the regime currently ruling in Iran for its practice of illegal international action to launch aggression on the Iraqi country and its lack of commitment to all measures taken by the nations United to end the war in violation of the Charter of the International Organization, and clarifies the role of the international position on the commitment to these sanctions, especially the position of the major powers.
As for the research method, it touched on what the economic boycott means, its types and the extent of its legitimacy, considering that sanctions are a type of boycott that international organizations decide to implement and find a basis for their legitimacy in its charter.
He took an analysis of the provisions of the Multi-League of Nations Covenant and the United Nations Charter regarding the importance of these sanctions and the cases that apply to them. The research presented how international organizations applied these sanctions, especially those imposed on the illegal regime in Southern Rhodesia (Zimbabwe) as a distinct and contemporary case, and the research concluded that the international position on these sanctions.

One of the phenomena that has attracted attention is the phenomenon of increased grams of adultery and indecent assault, and behind this phenomenon are many causes and various factors that drive some of the women to deteriorate in the arms of vice, and also push some of the men to commit adultery acts that may reach to follow the method of force and coercion in order to Satisfying the same self as the wrongdoing in an unlawful and dishonorable way.
This phenomenon has resulted in an increase in the number of killers that enjoy the purpose of washing the shame and the reparation of honor that the crime that occurred in the honor of the human being and his dignity has caused. This issue is because one of the basic principles in Islamic law and positivist legislation is that it is not permissible to leave the imposition of punishment or the criminal penalty for the will of individuals and their desires, but rather it should be strictly in the hands of the guardian or the government, i.e. state authority, so if the individual did it, he was considered a perpetrator of the crime of willful killing or intentional injury. Depending on the circumstances - what is the legal or legal adaptation of this act?
That is why we believe that it is necessary to address it in two ways, the first is to identify it and through it
On the tolerant position of Islamic law regarding the murders that are a cause of shame, and that we put the principles that govern this matter in front of us so that we can be guided by the right path.
To deal with the issue from the positive point of view, which is included in the second aspect of the issue, meaning that we must stand on the plan of the positive project of the killings that take place to shame, and then we can reach some solutions or proposals. Therefore, we dealt with this issue in two topics, we talk at the beginning about the position of Islamic law on this matter, while the second topic will study the position of the legislator positively on the subject of killing by washing Lamar.

The theoretical premises issued by the party leadership and the revolution in the matter of socialism have become a reality in the Iraqi country that the Iraqis are proud of, and the brothers and friends are blowing it as the stage of socialist transformation and the implementation of giant national development plans have begun. For the purpose of expediting the development process, it was necessary to review the laws governing companies, which have become unable to keep pace with development and regulate them again in a way that is consistent with the conditions of the current and future stages. The Official Gazette on the eighteenth of April in the year ۱۹۸۳ and became effective on the nineteenth of October in the year ۱۹۸۳ Mansha as the legal provisions that apply to companies distributed between multiple legislations, the most important of which are the Commercial Companies Law No. 31 of 1975 and Civil Law No. 40 of 1951 and legal laws and decisions Others have fallen short of achieving these areas and goals, and of keeping pace with the current and future changes in relation to companies of the mixed sector and the private sector in various areas of economic activity. The competent economic sectors and the requirements of development plans and organizing them in a way that helps them to perform their role in development in all areas they have been active in since Its establishment and expiration ..
For all of this, the Companies Law No. 36 of ع was enacted, and the provisions of the companies were regulated by a new integrated organization in addition to introducing some new provisions that were not previously regulated in previous legislations. Article (1) of the Companies Law specified the aim of the law by saying: «This law aims To organize companies and develop their activities according to the requirements of national development and the requirements of the socialist construction phase.
Although more than three years have passed since the issuance of the Companies Law, we have not found in-depth jurisprudential studies dealing with an explanation of its provisions, and we will address in this research clarification of the provisions of the managing director of the company, and an acronym for the manager, the word of the manager has become extinct only