Engineering and Technology Journal

The gypseous soil known as a problematic soil with a collapsibility behaviour, three types of gypseous soils are prepared (artificial, gypsified and natural gypseous soil), special manufactured leaching system used for testing the soil models, the main objectives of this study are testing the soil models in dry and leaching conditions for measuring earth and pore water pressures with displacements and gypsum dissolved of the soil models under monotonic and repeated loads within relatively large physical model. The results at leaching process for three days revealed that the natural and gypsified soils have earth pressures reach about (150 kPa) and (4 to 4.5 cm) for displacements, while pore water pressure increased until reaches about (120 kPa), but for artificial gypseous soil, earth pressures reaches about (300 kPa) and (1 cm) for displacements. TDS and SO3 content measured and reaches to about (1900 ppm) for gypsified and natural soils while reaches about (350 ppm) for artificial gypseous soil. STATISICA program used to verify the results with a very good agreement reaches to 95% of the statistical models.

In this paper, the detecting and isolating fault that occurs in (actuator and sensor) in robot manipulator, which is used as a mathematical model were proposed for fault detection, where the neural network was used to detect the fault. The neural network was trained on the data set obtained from the Input /output on the (DC motor).The output of the sensor or actuator was compared with the output of the model (neural network) after that the residual signal is used to detect the fault. The fuzzy logic circuit was used for fault isolation that is depending on the residual signal from any sensor or actuator that faults. There are three types of faults detected and isolated in this study abrupt fault, incipient fault and intermittent fault. The Matlab R2012a was used to the model steady state designed and simulated .The model has a high capacity for detecting faults

In this paper, an astral die was designed and constructed to produce an astral cup in the deep drawing operation by experimental work and numerical simulation. The influence of radial clearance on drawing load, cup high, the distribution of stress, strain and thickness along the side wall, minor and major axis were also studied. The deep drawing process was carried out to produce an astral cup with an inner dimension of (41.5mm × 34.69mm), and (30mm) height drawn from a blank sheet with a thickness of (0.7) and diameter (80) made of low carbon steel. A commercial program (ANSYS18.0) was used to perform the numerical simulation. Three types of radial clearance equal to (1.1 , 1.2 , and 1.3 ) are used to investigate the influence of radial clearance. It was found that the maximum value of the drawing load 55KN) recorded with radial clearance equal (1.1 ). The process of a squeeze in the wall that occurred with the radial clearance (1.1 ) due to the difficulty of the flow of the metal to be exposed to maximum tensile stress. The maximum effective stress (674MPa) and strain (0.973) were recorded with the clearance of (1.1 ) at the minor axis.

Electrochemical machining (ECM) is nontraditional machining which is used to remove metal by anodic dissolution. In this study the metal workpiece (WP) was stainless steel (AISI 316) and potassium chloride (KCl) and potassium sulphate (K2SO4) solutions were used as electrolyte, and the tool was used from copper. In this work the experimental parameters that used were concentration of solution, current and voltage as input. While surface roughness (Ra) and material removal rate (MRR) were the output. The experiments on electrochemical machining with using concentration (10, 20 and 30) g/l, current (2, 5 and 10) A and voltage (6, 12 and 20)V. Gap size between tool and WP (0.5) mm. The results showed that (K2SO4) solution gave surface roughness and material removal rate less than (KCl) solution in all levels, maximum (Ra) is (0.471) and minimum (0.049), while (KCl) solution gave maximum (Ra) was (4.497) and minimum was (0.837). Generally increasing in machining parameter (concentration of solution, current and voltage) lead to increase in (Ra) and (MRR). This study aims to compare the effect of using different electrolyte solution including potassium chloride (KCl) and potassium sulphate (K2SO4) on the surface roughness (Ra) and material removal rate (MRR).

In this study, the effect of vacuum with micro-channel technique on solar air collector performance is investigated experimentally. Vacuum space reduces the loss of heat for the absorption plate by conduction and thus improves the solar collector performance. It has been demonstrated that the solar collector is evacuated to 0.1 bar of pressure for absorber-to-cover spacing of 4cm. An absorber plate was manufactured from Aluminum metal with 30 rectangular micro-channels (length 0.9, width 0.004, height 0.0008 m) is constructed with measurements facilities of velocity, temperature and differential pressure. The tests are carried out indoor using solar simulator. Results showed that the performance of solar collector increases with vacuum about 2-5% than gained with non-vacuum utilizing a micro-channel absorber plate-black surface