Jornal of Al-Muthanna for Agricultural Sciences

The research derives its importance from the importance of potato crop, which is one of the four most important crops in the world besides rice, wheat and corn, Despite the expansion of the cultivation of potato crop in Iraq in general and Ameriyah district in particular However, potato production remains substandard, This may be due to the lack of knowledge of the appropriate varieties of environmental conditions that contribute to raising the level of productivity, Therefore, the research aimed to estimate the functions of potato crop production considering the cultivated seed variety as one of the factors affecting potato production and to know the effect of cultivated variety on the production function and determining which potato seed is of high productivity and good economic returns. The research was conducted on a sample of 183 randomly distributed farms in the study area of the spring loop 2018. Phantom variables were introduced to examine the effect of cultivar on potato production function potato production functions were estimated type Cobb-Douglas using EViews 9 and SPSS It was found that the Safrana variety was the best variety with a positive effect on the technological factor followed by the Arizona variety, while the Sanjari variety had a negative effect, The production elasticities of urea fertilizer, dab, manual labor, mechanical work and seed quantity were (0.197, 0.144, 0.295, 0.106, 0.185), respectively, which indicates that manual labor is more flexible which means the dominance of handicrafts in the service of the crop, The total production elasticity of 0.927 indicates that the producers are working in the second phase because the total production elasticity is positive and less than one integer it indicates that the increase in all elements of production by 10% followed by an increase in production of 9.27%. So it is recommended to plant the Safrana variety, And work on the use of productive elements as recommended by the concerned authorities.

A field experiment was carried out at the Second Agricultural Research and Experiments Station of the College of Agriculture / University of Al-Muthanna in Al Bandar region, in the winter season (2020-2021), to study the effect of seed quantities on the production of dry matter of varieties of barley, and the experiment was applied according to the arrangement of the plates. The split was according to a randomized complete block design(RCBD) with three replications. The experiment included the main factor of five seed quantities (20, 40, 60, 80, 100 and 120 kg ha-1), and the secondary factor included two of varieties barley (Aksad, Ibaa265). The results showed that the quantities of seeds were significantly superior in all yield characteristics and the dry matter of the plant parts in the barley crop, where the quantity of seeds 80 kg ha-1 was superior to the dry weight of stems, the dry weight of leaves in the stage of full maturity and the number of grains in the spike, which reached Their averages were (21.12 g, 15.30 g, and 50.1 grain spike-1) respectively, and the 60 kg ha-1seed quantity outperformed in the dry weight of the fully ripened ears, the dry plant weight and the weight of 1000 grains, as their averages were (41.41 g and 77.08 g and 26.28 g) respectively, and the quantities of seed 120 kg ha-1outperformed in the number of spikes and grain yield, as they reached 371.11 spike m-2and 6.47 tons ha-1). The lowest seed level of 40 kg ha-1gave the lowest averages for most of the studied traits, as it gave the lowest average dry weight of stems, leaves and ears, and the dry weight of the plant in the fully mature stage, and the weight of 1000 grains, where their averages were (15.53 g, 12.20 g, 24.21 g, 51.94 g and 24. 1 gm) sequentially. As for the cultivars, there were no significant effects, but the cultivar ibaa 265 was superior in most of the studied traits compared with the cultivar Aksad. With regard to the interaction between the quantities of seeds and varieties, there were no significant effects between them.

This study was carried out in the field of animal production belonging to the Department of Animal production - Agriculture College- of Baghdad University. These animals were fed on a common ration consisting of (green or dry roughages and 2% of body weight feed a consetrate) for two months period ,The concentrated diet consisted of 35% bran, 35% barley, 15% yellow corn, 13% soybean meal, 2% salt + limestone. The animals were then divided to treat hybrid Awassi rams, and the pure Awassi rams (8 animals per treatment). Each treatment was divided into two age groups: less than 2 years and more than 2 years, Each treatment was fed on two levels of concentrated feed:1.5% and 3% of the animal weight. The results showed a significant increase in hybrid rams with a mean total weight gain compared with pure rams less than two years old that fed on concentrates by 3% at 6.75 and 3.25 kg respectively. While ,there was no significant difference between the two treatments in the final weight and the hot weight, the hybrids older than 2 years were superior to the final weight and the average total weight gain when fed on concentrates by 1.5% of body weight,the final weight of both treatments was 67.25 and 62.50 kg respectively, the mean weight gain of the hybrid and pure rams was 7.25 and 3.75 kg, respectively, No significant difference was observed between hot weight treatments for both treatments. The hybrid Awassi rams outperformed the pure (less than 2 years) when fed by 1.5% with an average totla weight gain of 3.25 and 2 kg respectively, The hybrids also outperformed the hot weight by 17 kg compared to the pure by 14.87 kg. While no significant differences were observed between the treatments at the final weight. There was a significant superiority (P≤0.05) of the hybrid rams more than two years in primary and final weight, the weight gain and the hot body weight of 59, 66 and 7 kg respectively, compared to the less than 2 year old hybrids that which reported weights 45, 48.75, 3.75 and 20 kg Respectively with a feed rate of 3%.The hybrids rams (older than 2 year), significantly higher of the average weight and the average weight gain and the hot weight at 1.5%. The final weight and the hot weight of the more than 2 years were 60 and 27 kg respectively, while the less than 2 year old rams were 42 and 17 kg Respectively, While no significant difference was found between the two age groups. The comparison between the pure and fertile rams for two age groups at 3% feeding rate showed no significant differences between the primary and final weights, the mean weight increase and the warm weight of the rams aged by 57.25, 60.50, 3.25 And 31 kg, respectively, while no significant difference was found between the two age groups of pure rams with a 3% increase in weight. The primary and final weights, the mean weight and the hot weight of the rams older than 2 years old were 57.25, 60.50, 3.25 and 31 kg respectively, while the primary weight in the rams The less than two years were 48.75 kg and the final weight was 52.5 kg and the average weight gain was 3.75 kg while the hot weight was 25.5 kg. There were significant differences between the two groups in weights for the benefit of the older, the primary and final weight and hot weight of rams larger than two years was 55.75, 57.75 and 24.5 kg, respectively, while the same weights were smaller than two years 39.5, 41 and 14.87 kg respectively.

The study was carried out at the Agricultural Scientific Research Center in Lattakia, Syria, during (2018-2019) and (2019-2020), after obtaining F1 seedlings resulting from different crosses between the following citrus rootstocks: sour orange., Cleopatra mandarin. and the trifoliate orange. The individuals were selected according to the characteristic of the formal leaf, and then selected individuals were subjected to shilling stress, that is one of the determinants of citrus cultivation in Syria by placing the one-year-old individuals in controlled freezers.The results shows that the percentage of damage in the leaves of the tri-leaf orange hybrids did not exceed 32%, while Cleopatra tangerine hybrid it ranged between 0% and 58%, and in the sour orange hybrids between 6% and 16%. Within 24 hours of applying stress and 11 individuals were selected from the F1 tolerant to the stress of cold shilling (10-)°C and (0)°C for 24 hours, the hybrids continued to grow normally the following spring, Since the citrus seeds are polyembryonic and give nucellular embryos; its genotype similar to the seed parent, the objective of moleculare markers SSR is identification tolerant hybrids. Whereas,. as a result, four primeres were able to effectively identify hybrids, that showing difference with seed parent; and all the individuals were hybrids. Corresponding author: E-mail(venushasan80@gmail.com) Al-Muthanna University All rights reserved

The experiment was carried out in the apiary of the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences/University of Baghdad located in Al-Jadriya on hybrid only honey bee colonies Apis mellifera L. to find out the effect of nutrients (Matricaria chamomilla , coriandrum sativum, Foeniculum vulgare,Vicia faba, Dianthus chinensis) mixed with the bean powder on the attraction of honey bee workers outside the hives and added. It has the sugar solution on the area of honey, brood (closed and open) and pollen grains inside the hives, where the results showed that chamomile mixed with bean powder is more attractive to worker bees at a rate of 99.8 bees / hour, and less attractive with cloves with bean powder at a rate of 7.7 bees / hour, and that the evening feeding period More attractive to worker bees to food, at a rate of 69.9 bees per hour. The results showed that the rate of the effect of foodstuffs mixed with the sugar solution, as the treatment of chamomile with the sugar solution was higher than the rest of the treatments at a rate of 198.75 Eng2 at reading 3/6, then the rate gradually increased until it reached the highest rate at reading 10/6 and it was The treatment of chamomile with the sugar solution is superior to the rest of the treatments as it reached 257.5 Eng 2. Then the rate gradually decreased until it reached the lowest rate as it reached at the reading 6 / 24 in the treatment of chamomile with the sugar solution with the rest of the other treatments 187.67 Eng2.Corresponding author: E-mail (mohammed.shakir@coagri.uobaghdad.edu.iq) Al-Muthanna University All rights reserved

A field experiment was carried out at the research station / Agriculture College / Al-Muthanna University in the spring season 2016 to study the effect of water rationing and various agricultural methods and add the debris of the herbs, fungi, Rhizoctonia solani and the penicillium chrysogenum on some soil chemical properties. Results showed that the highest value of Total dissolved salt (TDS) was in the method of agriculture with tunnel + without debris + R.s where it reached 5.53 ppm while the lowest value in the normal method of agriculture + Con + Convalescent at 1.58 ppm. The effect on salinity of the soil showed that the highest value of electrical conductivity in the treatment was tunnel + without debris + R.s, reaching 10.8 Diszymes. M-1 and the lowest salinity in the treatment normal + Convolution Con + reached 3.53 Disimens. The results showed that the highest pH was in the normal treatment + R.s + at 8.50, while the pH in the bags was less than + R . s where it was 6.25.

A field experiment was conducted in agricultural second research station affiliated to Agriculture college/ Al- Muthana University, in the Al-Bandar village southwestern province of Al-Muthana (800 m away from the city of Samawa/ Al-Muthana province) during the spring season 2017 in order to study the effect of fragmentation of phosphate fertilizer on the growth, yield and quality of two genotypes of Luleo and Turki. A global experiment was applied according to the design of the complete random sectors R.C.B.D with two factors and three replicates, The first factor was applied to six levels of phosphate fertilizer P0 = non-fertilizer comparison, P1 = whole soil pre-planting recommendation, P2 = 75% of the ground recommendation + 2500 mg. L-1 foliar, P3 = Add 50% of the ground recommendation + 5000 mg. L-1 foliar, P4 = Add 25% of the ground recommendation + 7500 mg L-1 foliar, P5 = Add 0% of the ground recommendation + 10000 mg. L-1 foliar and the second factor are two genotypes Luleo and Turki. The effect of fragmentation of phosphate fertilizers and genotypes has been studie and its interference with some traits of growth and yield and its components. The results showed that the superiority of the treatment of fragmentation P4 superior in most of the studied traits as their plants achieved the highest results for the qualities of plant height, leaves size index, stem diameter, head diameter, total seed yield (ton. h -1) and oil yield (ton. h -1), The Luleo genotype showed superiority in most traits (plant height, leaves size index, stem diameter, head diameter, number of seeds, weight 1000 seed, the total yield, the Vital yield, the total oil yield, while the composition Turki in qualities oil ratio, The correlation between the two study factors was significant in most studied traits. The combination of P4 X (Luleo genotype) gave significant superiority in most traits (Plant height, leave area index, head diameter, number of seeds, the total yield and yield oil).

This study was conducted in the laboratories of the College of Agriculture - University of Basra in the years 2020 and 2021, in which the fungus B.bassiana was used. To combat the root fungus that infects okra, the results showed the isolation of many pathogenic fungi, and these fungi showed a significant difference in the effect on seed germination and seedling fall. The entomopathogenic fungus B.bassiana has a high ability to colonize roots and promote plant growth, such as plant height, fresh weight, and plant dry weight. The results of field surveys of four areas in Basra governorate showed, namely Shatt Al-Arab, Abu Al-Khasib, Al-Qurnah and Al-Madina. The highest incidence and severity of okra root rot disease was in Al-Madinah region, where the infection rate was 37% and the infection intensity was 67.33%, followed by Abu Al-Khasib district, where the infection rate was 24% and the infection severity was 52.89%. This disease is caused by the fungi Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium solani and Macrophomina phaseolina. Pathogenicity test results showed that F. solani gave the highest mortality rate for seedlings, followed by R. solani and M.phaseolina efficiently inhibiting the growth of pathogenic fungi. In the greenhouse experiment test, the experiment showed that the highest length of the vegetative group was in the biological treatment of fungi,Corresponding author: E-mail (abdu1988875@yahoo.com) Al-Muthanna University All rights reserved

A field experiment was conducted during fall season 2017 at AL-Qurna site to study different control methods of weeds included hoeing by duck foot tines, hoeing by narrow tines (the cultivator was manufactured in workshop of Agriculture Mechanization department ), chemical control by chevalier+ topik mixture, and the check treatment (without control) and used three plant densities of maize crop (Zea mays L.)(88889, 66667, 53333 plant ha-1). The experiment consist of 36 plots as combination between control methods and plant densities, according to split plots design in (C.R.B.D) with three replicates, where the control methods occupied (main plots) while the plant densities occupied (sub plots).The result showed that:1- Hoeing by duck foot tines surpassed significantly on two other methods of control (narrow tines and chemical control) in improving the growth of maize. The highest grain yield and biology yield were recorded by duck foot tines (9.02 and 31.17 ton ha-1) respectively.2- Plant density (88889 plants ha-1) resulted in increasing the height of the plant and the leaf area index. Plant density (88889 plants h-1) gave the highest grain yield and biology yield 9.74, 36.5ton ha-1 respectively.3- The interaction between hoeing by duck foot tines and Plant density (88889 plants h-1) gave the highest grain yield and biology yield 11.44, 40.15ton ha-1 respectively.

In order to study the effect of adding vermicompost fertilizer, seaweed extracts, and nitrogen fertilizer on the growth and yield characteristics of maize. An experiment was carried out in one of the farms located in Nouriya district - Al-Diwaniyah governorate - Iraq during the autumn season 2019-2020.The experiment was applied in the order of global trials according to the design of randomized full sectors and with three replications. The first factor included adding vermicompost fertilizer in three levels (0, 2 and 4 tons H-1) coded A0, A1 and A2 respectively, while the second factor included adding seaweed extract at two levels (0 and 40 kg H-1) symbolized for B0 and B1 respectively, while the third factor included adding nitrogen fertilizer in three levels (0, 120 and 240 kg N H-1) coded as C0, C1 and C2, respectively.The results of the experiment showed: The levels of vermicompost differed significantly in most of the studied characterizes , as the A1 level achieved the highest results for leaf content of chlorophyll, dry weight of the root and vegetable group, total yield, and the percentage of protein in grains (45.86 SPAD, 11.641 and 57.13 gm plant -1 11.299 Mg H -1 12.30 %), respectively, while level A2 achieved the highest value of plant height (354.1 cm plant -1). The treatment of adding seaweed extracts B1 significantly affected most of the studied characterizes and gave the highest results for leaf content of chlorophyll, plant height, dry weight of root and vegetative group, total yield and percentage of protein (43.70 SPAD, 335.7 cm plant-1, 10.983 and 54.73 gm.plant-1 and 10.361 Mg H-1 and 11.18%), respectively. The treatment of adding C1 nitrogen fertilizer was significantly higher with the highest results for leaf content of chlorophyll, plant height, dry weight of root and vegetable group, total yield and protein content in grains (45.51 SPAD, 345.8 cm plant-1, 11.054, 56.57 gm.plant-1 and 10.500 Mg.H-1 and 11.50%) respectively.The research is part of MCs for 2nd authorCorresponding author: E-mail(Zzaah94@gmail.com ) Al- Muthanna University All rights reserved

اجرٌيت تجربة حقلٌية فًي الموسم الخرٌيفيً لسنة 2020 فًي احدى حقول محافظة الدٌيوانٌية/ قضاء الدغارة لدراسة تأثٌير اللقاح البكتٌيري R.leguminosarum واللقاح الفطري T.harzinum ومستوٌيات من السماد العضوي (10,5,0 )طن.هكتار1- والتداخل بٌينهما فًي (ارتفاع النبات ,الوزن الجاف للمجموع الخضري, المساحة الورقية, عدد القرنات ), تم تنفٌيذ التجربة وفق تصمٌيم القطاعات الكاملة المعشاة (R.C.B.D ) وبثلاث مكررات . اضهرت نتائج التحليٌل الاحصائًي لأقل فرق معنوي (L.S.D) تفوق معاملة التداخل ( لقاح بكتيٌري + لقاح فطري + 5طن هكتار 1-سماد عضوي ) قٌياسا بمعاملة المقارنة باعطائها اعلى متوسط ل (ارتفاع النبات ,الوزن الجاف للمجموع الخضري, المساحة الورقية, عدد القرنات) بلغت( 88.57سم نبات 1-,52.09 غم نبات1-, 1568.4 سم2 نبات1-,80.67 قرنة نبات( 1- لكل منها على الترتٌيب

field experiment was carried out to study The Effect of anti-transpiration on yield and its component of corn crop under water stress conditions during the two fall seasons of 2016 and 2017. used randomized complete block design (RCBD) and the split plot arrangement. The study consisted of three levels of water stress when depleting 50, 60 and 70% of the available water symbolized by I1, I2 and I3 which is equivalent to 580, 420 and 340 mm season-1 respectively, and occupies the main factor, while anti-transpiration, which included leaf sil silica at 15 ml-1 and Kaolin clay at 200 mg g-1, Salicylic acid with a level of 200 mg L -1 and Vapor Gard at 15 mL L-1, as well as the measurement treatment (without spraying) and symbolized S0, S1, S2, S3 and S4 respectively were in sub plots. In order to know the role of antiperspirants in improving grain yield and its components and water efficiency of maize crop under conditions of water stress. The results showed no significant differences between the irrigation treatment after depletion of 50% of available water and the irrigation treatment after depletion of 60% of available water in terms of grain yield and its components, its indicating the possibility of providing water quantity as mean for two seasons up to 1200-1409 m3 h- 1. 60% irrigation treatment gave the best water use efficiency (1.42 and 1.34 kg grain m-3 water) at the two seasons respectively compared with 50% of available water treatment which gave (1.06 and 1.05 kg grain m-3 water) at the two seasons respectively. however watering with depleting 70% of available water reduced the grain yield with an average 34.43 % Compared with irrigation treatment with depletion 50% available water. Spray anti-transpiration led to increasing the yield of maize grain, spray Salicylic acid gave the highest means in length ears, weight of 500 grain and grain yield increased (13.81and 13.43%), (8.30 and 8.03%) and (14.15 and 13.70%) for both seasons compared with the treatment without spraying.. The results showed no significant differences between salicylic acid and kaolin clay in most studied. The spray of wax has a significant impact in many of the qualities, including increasing the number of grains in ear by 12.10 and 7.30% , the weight of 500 grain by 6.01 and 5.79% and grain yield by 7.88 and 5.99% for two seasons sequentially compared with the treatment without spraying.The interaction between the irrigation and anti- transpiration significant effect in the studied traits of the plant except the the length of ear, the number of rows and water use efficiency. Therefore, in the case of limited water recommend the possibility of irrigation after depletion of 60% of the available water, which is 420 mm, and the possibility of spraying anti-transpiration its role in reducing the negative effects of water stress in the grain yield of corn plants*Part of Ph.D. Dissertation of the first author.

A greenhouse experiment was conducted at desert area farm in Al- Zubair district, Basrah government during winter season 2018-2019 to study the effect of applying different levels of urea fertilizer (46%N): 0, 100, 200 and 400 kgN.ha-1 and nano nitrogen fertilizer (20%N): 0,50,100 and 200 kgN.ha-1 with sequences applied at 30 days' period in soil profile. Ammonium ion was estimated by Kjeldahl method, the results showed a significant increasing in ammonium availability in soil during growth season for both fertilizers at values 109.22 and 117.66 mg.kg-1 at march month for urea and nano nitrogen fertilizers respectively. Also results showed significantly decreased of available ammonium when ever got away horizontally and vertically from centre of applying for both fertilizers and with all adding levels. Results showed increased of average ammonium in soil received nano nitrogen compared with soil received urea at values 68.56 and 40.30 mg.kg-1 respectively.

The importance of the research is highlighted by the economic importance of the potato crop as it is cultivated with two lugs a year, In addition to its nutritional importance. Despite the expansion of potato cultivation in Ameriyat al-Fallujah district, potato production is still below the level that meets local demand. Lack of knowledge of varieties suitable for environmental conditions may be one of the factors contributing to the low yields of the crop. The aim of this study was to estimate the production functions as one of the factors affecting potato production determine the production elasticities and the effect of the cultivated variety on the technological and other factors in the estimated function. The study was based on a random sample of 183 potato farms in the study area for the spring season 2018. Using SPSS and EVIEWS9, The results showed that the Safrana variety had a positive effect on the estimated function while the Sanjari variety had a negative effect. Production elasticities indicated that the automated component is less influential on potato production than the manual component Which had the strongest effect among the elements of production and from it we deduce the small areas planted with the crop the prevalence of the use of traditional handicrafts in the cultivation and service of the crop. Therefore, the researcher recommends the cultivation of varieties of seeds with high productivity and good economic yield such as (Safrana) the expansion of potato crop cultivation and the use of production elements as recommended by the competent authorities.

The study aimed to add phytase enzyme and formic acid at different percentages of control (0) and (1, 2, 3)% in the diets of common carp Cyprinus carpio L.to know their effect on the total digestibility coefficient and growth rates of fish.Common carp fish were used at weight rates of 230±1.53 g/fish, which were randomly distributed in (40×60×40) cm3 glass tanks equipped with aeration and air filtration system and in controlled laboratory conditions. The results showed significant differences (P≤0.05) between treatments and there was a decrease in the coefficient of digestion of protein, fat, carbohydrates and ash for the control treatment T1 compared to all experimental treatments and it amounted to (60.54, 70.39, 32.95, 51.84), respectively. The two treatments T2 and T3 excelled in the coefficient of protein digestion, reaching (85.22 and 86.63), respectively, while no significant differences were recorded between treatments T3, T4, T5, T6, and T7 in the coefficient of fat digestion, and the coefficient of carbohydrate digestion increased (71.43, 74.94, 67.23, respectively, and the ash digestibility factor (84.28, 89.63, 79.21), respectively, for each of the treatments T2, T3, T4.The T1 control treatment recorded the lowest results in weight gain rates of 46.71 g, daily growth rate of 0.57 g/day, relative growth rate of 19.36%, specific growth rate of 0.12 g/day, and food conversion efficiency of 21.19% compared to the experimental treatments, and T3 treatment significantly outperformed the rest of the treatments in daily growth rates. 1.73 g/day, and the relative growth rate and feed conversion efficiency were increased for T3 and T4 treatments.We conclude from this research that it is possible to use diets supplemented with phytase enzyme and formic acid with 1%, 2% and 3% acid as a source of animal protein in the diets of common carp without negative effects on digestion and growth rates.

The study was conducted at plant physiology laboratory, department of biology, college of education for pure sciences, university of Basrah, at the period from 2/6/2019 till 1/11/2019 in order to evaluate the efficiency of alfalfa plant (Medicago sativa L.) for bioaccumulation of lead ions and to study the role of the chelating agent ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) in the accumulation process.Seeds of local variety of alfalfa plant were planted in plastic pots (16x16) filled with a mixture of sand and peat moss at ratio of 1:1 on volume basis. Lead as lead nitrate (Pb(NO3)2) was added alone to the pots at concentrations of 0 (full strength Hoagland nutrient solution), 0.25, 0.5 and 0.75 mM or in interaction with EDTA at concentrations of 0, 5 and 10 mM. The experiment continued for sixteen weeks after which the following results were estimated:Increasing lead nitrate concentrations or its interactions with EDTA cased a significant increase in lead ions accumulation in alfalfa plant roots, the same results were estimated in plant shoots.There were no significant changes in chlorophyll a and b resulting from increasing lead nitrate concentrations or its interaction with EDTA. A significant increase in proline (free amino acid) concentrations were seen regarding to increasing lead nitrate concentrations or its interactions with EDTA, the highest proline concentration was at 0.5 mM of lead nitrate alone, and in interaction with 10mM EDTA x 0.5 lead nitrate. The results showed that increasing lead nitrate concentrations or its interactions with EDTA caused a significant increase in the values of translocation factor (TF) and in bio- concentration factor (BCF) comparing with control..

A field experiment was carried out during the autumn season of 2017 in one of the farmers' fields in Qurna / Al-Ghamiej (65 km north of Basra city center) in silty clay soil at 47.27 degrees east and 30.56 degrees north latitude. The experiment was conducted on a split-plot factorial experiment with three replicate. Main plots involved the cultivars (Kafair,Al-khair and Anqath). The sub-plots involved nano - fertilizer (control (F0), 2Zn Kg ha-1 (F1),1 Kg Cu ha-1 (F2) and 2 Zn ha-1 + 1 Kg Cu ha-1 (F3) )., respectively. thereby, the number of experimental units is 36 units and the area (3 × 4) m 2 for each the experimental unit. The aim of study is evaluating effect of spray varieties of nano fertilizer on three varieties of Sorghum bicolor (L.) moench The variable studied were number of grains in the head, weight of 1000 grains (g) and the grain yield ton.ha -1 The results of the analysis showed there were significant differences among varieties in most of the studied parameters. Variety AL-Khair showed the highest values for yield components in final yield 5.74 ton ha-1. The results showed foliar application treatment F3 gave the highest number of grains in the head (1713 seed head-1), weight of 1000 grains (30.95 g ) and Grain Yield (5.9 ton ha-1) compared with nano fertilizer treatment by using each element alone and the non-additive treatment. The interaction between varieties and the addition of nano fertilizer had a significant effect on yield components. Whereas treatment of Variety AL-Khair and addition two elements together had the highest grain reached 6.77 ton.ha-1 because of its superiority in yield component compared to other combinations.

Afield experiment was carried out in Al-Rumaitha district during agricultural season at 2019-2020, In order to find out the response of three varieties of barley(Buraq, Abaa 99, Abaa 265) to foliar application with nanoparticle fertilizer NPK based on recommendation of mineral fertilizer for ground fertilization ( T1 =control treatment , T2 =0% mineral recommendation + 1.5g NPK 20:20:20 nan fertilization, T3=0% mineral recommendation + 3g Nano fertilizer , T4=50% mineral recommendation + 0g Nano fertilizer , T5 =50% mineral recommendation + 1.5g Nano fertilizer recommendation, T6=50% mineral recommendation + 3g Nano fertilizer , T7=100% mineral recommendation , T8=100% mineral recommendation + 1.5g Nano fertilizer and T9=100% mineral recommendation + 3g Nano fertilizer) . The experiment was carried out in Randomized Completely Block Design (R.C.B.D.) at split plot. The main plot was barley varieties while fertilizer treatments were subplots with four replicates and means were compared according to L.S.D. test at the level 0.05. The results summarized as follows: The cultivars Abaa99 and Abaa265 were significantly superior in most of the studied traits, except weight 1000 grains . T8 treatment was affected significantly on number of spikes and the total yield, T5 was superior in harvest index. The interaction between Abaa265 and T8 was significantly superior on grain yield .

The experiment was conducted in fields of College of Agriculture, University of Al-Muthanna, during the agricultural season 2021, to study the effect of spraying three concentrations of aspartic acid (0, 75 and 150 mg.L-1) and three concentrations of glutamic acid (0, 75 and 150 mg.L-1) on growth and yield of capsicum (chili pepper) plant (Capsicum annuum L.). The experiment was carried out within the factorial trial system according to a Randomized Complete Block Design (R.C.B.D) with three replications, the mean were compared by using L.S.D. at levels of singnificance. Results of the study showed that the capsicum plants that have been sprayed with aspartic acid at a concentration (150 mg.L-1) significantly superior in plant height, number of main branches , number of leaves , number of fruits and fruits yield (49.62 cm, 4.0 branch.plant-1, 143.5 leaf.plant-1 , 11.10 fruit.plant-1 and 0.330 Kg.plant-1) respectively . Results also showed the significant effect of glutamic acid spraying at a concentration (150 mg .L-1), which gave highest rates in plant height, number of main branches , number of leaves , number of fruits and fruits yield (53.21 cm, 4.22 branch.plant-1, 136.5 leaf.plant-1 , 11.4 fruit.plant-1 and 0.316 Kg.plant-1) respectively .

نفذَتْ التجربة في شعبة البستنة والغابات التابعة الى مديرية زراعة النجف الاشرف للمدة من (1/3/2021) إلى (1/7/2021) لدراسة تأثير الرش السماد العضوي السائل حامض الهيوميك بتركيز (6,3,0) مل .لتر-1 والبورون بتركيز (10,5, 0) ملغم . لتر-1في بعض المؤشرات الكيميائية لنبات خيار القثاء . وصممت التجربة كتجربة عاملية بأستعمال تصميم القطاعات العشوائية الكاملة للعامل الاول حامض الهيوميك والعامل الثاني البورون ليبلغ عدد المعاملات الى تسع معاملات وزعت على ثلاثة قطاعات عشوائيا وبذلك يصبح عدد الوحدات التجريبية الكلية 27 وحدة تجريبية ،حللت معدلات الصفات الكيميائية بأستخدام برنامج التحليل الاحصائيGenstat وقورنت نتائج المتوسطات باستعمال اختبار دنكن متعدد الحدود عند مستوى احتمال 0.05. ويمكن تلخيص اهم النتائج بما يلي :- اظهر الحامض الهيوميك تأثيرا معنويا في جميع المؤشرات الصفات الكيميائية لنبات خيار القثاء ، تفوقت الصفات التالية (محتوى الكلوروفيل الكلي في الاوراق ونسبة المئوية للنتروجين والنسبة المئوية للفسفور والنسبة المئوية للبوتاسيوم ) عند التركيز 6 مل.لتر-1في ذلك اعطى (46.43ملغم .100مادة طرية-1 ،2.32 % ، 0.53 %،2.02 %) واعطت المعاملة الرش بالبورون عند تركيز 10ملغم.لتر-1 زيادة في صفات (نسبة الكلوروفيل ونسبة المئوية للنتروجين والنسبة المئوية للفسفور والنسبة المئوية للبوتاسيوم ) وبحسب الترتيب (47.13 ملغم .100مادة طرية-1،2.22 % ، 0.50 %،1.84 %) . )

Field experiment was conduction in agriculture college researches station/ Basrah university on silty clay soil for planting of wheat crop(Triticum aestivum L.). The experiment was included, effect of irrigation water salinity levels(2,4 and 8)dS m-1, leaching requirement(0,10,20 and 30)% and tillage depth(0-25) and(0-50)cm. and their interaction on bulk density,total porosity and soil moisture to both depth of sample collection(0-15) and(15-30)cm. also total grain product.Result showed,irrigation water salinity 2 dS m-1 caused stitical decrease for bulk density comparision with treatments 4 and 8 dS m-1, 0,10% leaching requirement comparision with another ratio and tillage depth (0-50)cm. comparision with (0-25)cm. However, moisture content of the soil,the salinity of irrigation water 8 dS m-1 gave the highest values compared to other salinity levels and 30 % leaching requirement compared to other ratios, and the tillage depth was 0-50 cm. the total porosity of the soil and the leaching requirement 0% compared to the other ratios, and the tillage depth 0-50 cm compared to the 0-25 cm. while the salinity of irrigation water 2 dS m-1 , the leaching requirement 20% and tillage depth 0-50cm were statical increased in the total grain product.