journal of the college of basic education

Creative expression and contemplative thinking are two of the most important goals that societies strive to instill in their children, and after conducting numerous literary and scientific studies on the subject, The researchers discovered that middle school students' creative expression suffers from a strong decline in linguistic and creative output. They concluded that the deficiency in the levels of creative expression stems from shortcomings reflected by the lack of a systematic approach that relies on solid metrics to evaluate these skills and methods that Taking these abilities into consideration. taking into consideration the cognitive mental processes involved in reasoning and imagination As a result, creative expression is nothing more than a set of constructive processes, whether in form or content, that are the result of various contemplative and creative thinking styles. We can see the relationship between scientific thought and creative expression through (written) expression, and both are related to the experiences that a person has in his life, and both are related to the experiences that a person has in his life, if contemplative speech aids students in performing study and interpretation of the outcomes that they obtain through meditation in They write stories or short papers on paper, as well as introducing their observations to colleagues for review if they are unsure about them. If contemplative speech assists students in conducting research and understanding the effects of their meditation, They write stories or short articles on paper, and if they are unsure about their conclusions, they present them to colleagues for review.

The importance of the issue lies in the fact that Adeeb Al-Jader an important figure in contemporary Iraq’s history, as he had a distinguished military, political and intellectual role, if he held many positions, the most important of which was his Minister of Industry on July 11, 1965 october 16, 1964, when he made many achievements and sought Striving to provide all his expertise in order to improve the industrial reality in Iraq.
The role Adeeb Al-Jader of in the Ministry of Industry is evident through his experiences in order to develop the industrial reality in Iraq, as if he received his position as Minister of Industry, he did not resort to the management of his ministry in a traditional and routine manner from his office, but he began his career with field visits as he visited many factories The institutions affiliated with the Ministry of Industry to see its workflow and urge it to increase production, and contributed to concluding many industrial agreements with various countries in order to improve the industrial reality of the country that contributed to the exchange of industrial an .

There is no doubt that the linguistic research methods have become evident from the modern linguistic lesson. It necessitates that it becomes borrowed from the linguistic nature, and adapts the purpose that it sought for the purpose of study.
Among the sciences that arose from general linguistics, geographical linguistics arose, synthesizing it in the sciences of sociology, psychology, anatomy and all its analogues, which leads to the modernity of linguistic sciences and the sobriety of actual applied study. Because of abundant patterns of pressures, from here geographical linguistics was the subject of the study of this research entitled ((Geographical Approach in the light of Modern Linguistics)).

We can return the process of creating the poetic text to a psychological phenomenon that is inherent to the poet before and during the creative process, because the poet is more interested than others in equating the pleasure of aesthetic sense and making others savor it according to emotional and psychological emotions, so there is a relationship that intertwines between psychology and literature. Theories of psychology are often employed in order to understand human behavior, hence this study came to disclose aspects of this psychological behavior for poets in an era that has many and unique features that differ from what it was in previous times, and the specificity of the state of joy, which is almost a state Accompanying the human being since his creation - as well as poets - we chose to have psychological motivations as the subject of research, and upon our extrapolation of poetic material we decided to take the most important of these motives, which are: holidays, victory in battles, beloved, winery, caliphs.

Palm trees are considered one of the most important types of fruit because of their nutritional value and economic benefit\". \"They outweigh all other types of fruit trees. Therefore, the heavenly books and the prophetic Sunnah\" took care of the palm tree in many habitats, and can open broad horizons by developing and cultivating more palm trees to benefit from them, especially Desert societies, and that importance was not limited to nutritional and economic value only\", but added to its importance in the field of animal feed industry\", and through a field survey of some palm\" tree groves in the governorates (Diyala, Baghdad, Babil, Karbala\", Qadisiyah\", Basra) show that a single palm An average of (25) kg of waste is dumped annually\", This indicates the tremendous amount of accumulation of waste that is not utilized from it\", which constitutes a serious environmental problem\", which necessitated the need to find alternatives for the establishment of transformative industrial projects similar to those in some Arab countries that were able through accurate scientific research for a number of researchers in the use of palm tree waste\". From palm leaves\", agony, fiber and trunk as alternative raw materials in the animal feed industry, which prompted the researcher to prepare a similar study based on the experiment in using\" palm fronds from orchards spread around the city of Baghdad when pruning trees as a source of fodder after conducting a series of operations on it in terms of drying\", cutting and spraying With urea solution\" , For the purpose of experimenting with the appropriate forage produced, three rams of similar type Awassi were used in their lifetime (one year) and their weights (44-46)\" kg in three experiments\" other than digestion for the purpose of estimating the factors of digestion of food compounds in potato stems and treated palm and untreated urea when presented with crushed Barley grains for the period from 1/9/2018 to 11/30/2018\". After calculating the digestibility factors for experimental fodder, the results showed that the rates of digestion of dry matter, protein, fat, raw fibers\", dissolved carbohydrates and organic matter were significantly higher at the probability level (5%)\" in stalks. Potatoes than they were in treated and untreated palm fronds where they were (62,8%, 67,5%, 77,3%, 57,8%, 64,7%, 64,8%)\"\" The results also showed that the food compounds transactions were significantly and significantly at the level of probability (5%) for the rams that dealt with adoption of palm fronds treated with urea at values amounting to (45,8%, 16,4%, 46,7%, 54,7% 50,3%, 47,7%)\"\" compared to those that dealt with untreated fronds with values that amounted to( 28,3%, 3,4%, 57,3%, 40,5%, 39,5%, 33, 6%)\" From this it follows the effect of the effectiveness of the use of palm fronds (the subject of the research)\" as a source of coarse feed after treatment with urea in ruminant diets mixed with barley grains without having any negative effect on them\"\".

The current research aims to know: \" Effectiveness Back in the back and Round Robin Strategies In Developing the Skills Listening In the Subject of expression for the second intermediate female students \" in the light of the goal of the search researcher developed the following assumptions:
1- there is no difference statistically significant level (0.05) between the Mediterranean degrees conference the first pilot group in listening skills to the use of the Back in the back strategy.
2- There is no difference d statistically significant level (0.05) between the Mediterranean degrees conference in the second experimental group in listening skills to the use of the Round Robin strategy.
3- There is no difference d statistically significant level (0.05) between the AVERAGES of the degrees of the three groups in the a posteriori tests in listening skills.
4- there is no effective Back in the back Strategies In Developing the Skills of Dialogue Listening.
5- there is no effective Round Robin Strategies In Developing the Skills of Dialogue Listening.
And To achieve the research goal and hypotheses, researcher followed the procedures of the experimental approach, and chose experimental design based on the test Conference incorporated MICS modules into three, one of them is control and the other two are experimental is one of the experimental designs of partial reset, As for the research sample the researcher intentionally chose a middle school for girls of the Directorate General for the breeding of Baghdad Governorate Rasafa al/education the eastern outskirts of Baghdad, for the academic year (2018 - 2019m), It is a medium Shaima for girls located in the kemalism, As the number of female students of the research sample (115) Student divided in to three groups, then she rewarded the researcher between the three research groups, the researcher studied the research groups themselves during the second semester, the researcher also prepared tool and applied them to the three groups, it was a pre-and post-test of listening skills.
The result showed the superiority of the students of the two experimental groups, who studied according to the Strategies of the Back in the back and Round Robin, students of the control group who studied according to the traditional method.

Egypt, the state and the people, have been subjected to political rivalries to control it since the end of its modern state (1085 BC), and the methods for controlling it have varied, and the peoples that controlled Egypt have also varied, from the rule of strangers to it, such as the Libyan tribes, continuing to the Kushite tribes ( Nubian), which continued until the reign of the last king of her twenty-sixth dynasty (Cinematheel III, 525 BC).
This historical period witnessed, in addition to the internal conflicts and revolutions, political competition of another kind, in which the Assyrian state, the Achaemenid state and the Greek state were competing for control of Egypt.
The Persian Achaemenids were finally able to control Egypt for the period from (525 BC. AD) until the year (404 BC. AD), when its last king managed to impose his strong control over Egypt for more than a hundred years.
The patterns and methods of ruling their kings varied. In this research, we try to identify the position of the Egyptians on the Achaemenid occupation and the nature of the impact of political, economic, social and religious relations among them.

This research deals with the disclosure of one of the pilgrim’s techniques employed in the book “The Life of the Great Animal” by Al-Damiri, namely (the pilgrim links and factors) due to the abundance of linguistic and grammatical methods that are concerned with the argumentative deliberative lesson, which cannot be left without studying it. In abundance, it is one of the dominant elements of the Damiri text, especially (the condition and the palace). Despite its presence in the deliberative lesson, it is the subject of persuasion, which is the subject of our study of the Book of the Great Animal Life.

In the midst of the systematic system of the text, the cultural function performs a formal dimension by re-receiving the aesthetic concept and programming that taste mechanism. Hence the research worked on the historical concept of literature that carries the aesthetics of the speech, it a spires the count of literate combining the structure of feelings and feelings with the aesthetic form of language, and what is rooted in the cultured literary a warness in terms of context in the system of aesthetic forms.
There must be a new historical study that is a war of the coherence of a culture that is muzzled and killed in the corridors of aesthetic system.
The Gothami converged between the theory of cultured criticism and the concept of causes, then we conclude that culture criticism does not remains conditional on aesthetic alone, but rather in an implicit format that uses aesthetic means to pass its faults and ideology .

Reviving the dead land in Islamic jurisprudence and Iraqi law
This research revolves around the reforms of the dead land, one of which has not advanced to the last to repair and revive it.
And reviving the dead land is one of the important things that you write, these reasons are the reasons why it is very large, and also contribute greatly to increasing the economic resources that return to your economic nature that returns to investing in the economy, including economic education.

The voice of the other rises in many topics and poetic purposes.. the Arab poet is keen to highlight these psychological aspects in his poetic text, as he is guided within his poetic experience, diagnosing the other in a subjective dialectic, defining it through the behaviors of events and emotional connotations and characters. It does not call for strangeness in the presence of these subjective topics in the joints of literature, within the lives of Arabs, ancient and modern, with the changing and moving trends of society in dissonant movements, because the other is an existential stage that unfolds with the existence of the ego in a life necessity and within intertwining contexts that cannot be separated. The look at the other is contingent upon looking at the poetic ego, which is an integral part of the discovery of the human self Perhaps the experience of the poet Abi Jaafar Ahmed bin Saeed (559 AH) falls in the direction of formulating the other, as most of his texts form in their systems the image of the other, reconciled and different, and what is between coalition and difference in the ego and the other. The poet Abi Jaafar relied on observing these images within the course of a luxurious language, capturing words in grammatical and orderly methods, and connecting the end of it with various types of artistic images and images based on the senses. Within well-thought-out artistic rhythms, his tool was to bring out the other in harmonious images consistent with the melodies of his passion and psychological vibration. Therefore, the other in the poetry of Abi Jaafar was our goal to search in an analytical study, within the harmonious poetic choices.

THE GEOLOGY OF THE STUDY AREA COVERS THE SEDIMENTS OF THE QUATERNARY TIME AND CONSISTS OF THE PLEISTOCENE DEPOSITS REPRESENTED BY THE SEDIMENTS OF THE RIVER TERRACES OF THE EUPHRATES RIVER AND THE HOLOCENE SEDIMENT REPRESENTED BY THE SEDIMENTS OF THE FLOODPLAIN, THE SEDIMENTS THAT FILL THE VALLEYS, THE DEPOSITS THAT FILL THE DEPRESSIONS, AND THE SEDIMENTS RESULTING FROM HUMAN ACTIVITIES.THE DRY CLIMATE OF THE STUDY AREA WAS CHARACTERIZED BY HIGH TEMPERATURES IN SUMMER AND LOW IN WINTER, AND WINTER RAINS THAT AFFECTED THE GROUNDWATER, AS THERE IS AN INCREASE IN THE LEVEL OF GROUNDWATER DURING THE WINTER PERIOD AND A DECREASE IN THE SUMMER. THE RESEARCH DEALT WITH THE PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF THE WATERS OF ABU GHRAIB AND SAQLAWIYA, THE STUDY AREA, PHYSICAL PROPERTIES SUCH AS WATER TEMPERATURE, TURBIDITY, TOTAL SALTS, ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY, AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES SUCH AS PH, SULFATES, CHLORIDES AND NITRATES.

The current research aims to :-
Know (Evaluation educational website according to international standards in the faculties of education from the point of view of teaching the subject) and the researcher followed the descriptive approach, and the researcher chose a sample of his research intentionally from Tracy, the subject of computers for the first stage in the faculties of education from a group of Iraqi universities, and those included in the research were (25) (Teachers were chosen randomly, and the researcher prepared the research tool, following the following steps: -
The researcher developed the proposed vision for the educational website in light of the theoretical background
Preparing the search tool (the questionnaire) for the purpose of evaluating the educational website in light of the international standards SCORM.
- Applying the research to a sample of (25) computer teachers in the faculties of education, and after looking at the educational website, they were asked to answer the questionnaire prepared for this purpose.
After monitoring and analyzing the scores, it was found that:
1- The results obtained from the computer teaching sample and through their answers to the questionnaire, it was found that the percentage was (91%) excellent, and this is a positive indication that the educational website has been accepted by the computer teacher and that it is designed according to the international standards SCORM .

The study of the geomorphological role practiced by man is one of the very important studies because of its importance in revealing his capabilities in changing the terrestrial appearance and forming many geomorphological forms during the practice of his various activities, especially after the use of huge machines in those activities, as his role is no less important than the role of natural factors. In the formation of the various geomorphological forms, after the land was almost flat and free of barriers, he directly entered it and dug irrigation and drainage canals that completely changed the shape of the land, especially after the implementation of the Agricultural Reclamation Law in the seventies and eighties of the last century,It also built roads and excavated the earth and extracted its water and other components, such as the clay that he used in construction after its manufacturing processes, and he was proud of it in the brick production factories located in the region. The borders after the outbreak of the war with Iran, which he used in military operations at the time, and built thousands of hills and placed cannons on them, which are still standing despite the passage of more than thirty years since its establishment, as well as he built many shelters to protect soldiers and military machines from bombing, which today resemble the bad lands that are formed Natural processes, this is new, or in the past, he built castles and fortresses, which, after their collapse, became huge hills in the region.

Signs are linguistic signs whose reference is determined only by the context in which they were said; Because it is devoid of any meaning in itself, that is why our ancient Arab scholars used to call it (the ambiguities), and the research wanted from this aspect to explain the roots of the concept of denotations in the Arab linguistic heritage and its rooting to highlight the features of descriptive descriptive expressions in the treatises and directives of the ancients and how to use them, and by looking at the Diwan “Nitsha’s Balcony” by the poet Ibrahim al-Buhrzi and his grandmother has used social denotations in abundance in most of his poems, because they are structures and words that indicate the type of relationship between the speakers. This is because in every text there are personal, temporal, spatial and social denotations. The use of rhetorical and social denotations helped the poet to express his different intentions through our extrapolation of their use. It revealed the dimensions of his relationship with the addressees and their difference from one poem to another, as he does not address everyone in the same language, but differs from place. to another and from time to time.

The present Study aims to investigate the following:
1.Superiority Illusion for Distinguished schools Pupils.
2.Symbolic Self- Completion for Distinguished schools Pupils
3. statistically significant relationship in the superiority Illusion and according to the gender variable.
4. Statistically significant differences in the symbolic Self- Completion of outstanding school students according to the gender variable.
5. Between the illusion of excellence in the symbolic Self- Completion of students of schools of excellence.
A sample of 300 Distinguished Pupils was chosen randomly for the year 2020-2021. A 30 item superiority Illusion scale was then built according to the definition and theory of Dining and Kroujer. A 26 item symbolic Self perfection scale was also built according to the researcher's definition and the theory of Self- Completion. After finding the psychometric aspects(validity and reliability) to these scales, the were applied to the study's sample.
Results showed that the Pupils have both superiority Illusion and symbolic Self- Completion but no statistically significant differences between them in terms of gender. However, the study indicates a posiitive correlative relationship between the two variables. The study ends with some recommendations and suggestions.

The current research aimed to know: “The difficulties of using smart electronic classes in teaching Arabic from the teachers’ point of view.” The research method was the descriptive survey method. Information, a questionnaire for difficulties was prepared consisting of (21) items, and the validity and reliability of the tool were verified, as its stability reached (79.0), and for the analysis of the research data, appropriate statistical analyzes were performed, as the research results showed that the tool’s paragraphs for each axis ratio of formed Strength according to its weight percentage level of the study was as follows:
- The administrative and financial aspect: The degree of strength of its difficulties was limited between (2.8-2.2) and its weight percentage was (91%-74%), of which three paragraphs were represented for realistic difficulties limited, its strength was between (2.8-2.3) and its percentage weight was between (91%-80%). ,
- The aspect related to the teacher and the student, the strength of its paragraphs decreased between (2.5-2.2), and the weight percentage ranged between (78%-85%).
- The side of the difficulties in the electronic classes decreased their strength between (2.6-2.4) and weight percentage between (87%-79%).
The researcher came out with a set of results, including :
- The administrative and material axis, the first three were the most prominent (lack of equipment for electronic classes) (lack of material allocations) (and poor preparation and training accompanying the weak internet)
- The axis related to the teacher and the student (the focus of education was on one side, which is the teacher)
(With the poor coexistence between the student and the teacher) (and the emergence of a case of dropping out of lectures)
- The axis related to electronic classes (it was difficult to apply it in some subjects)
(And there are technical problems in its application) with (the increase in the phenomenon of electronic fraud).
With a set of recommendations, including: training teachers and learners on the electronic computer with an electronic learning environment that is attractive and stimulating to creativity that meets specific educational needs, and a number of proposals, including conducting a study that includes building a treatment program for difficulties or experimental studies to know the effectiveness of smart electronic classes in checking some variables during teaching, such as Arabic vocabulary

Egypt is the first country in contemporary history in which the movements of political Islam thought emerged, and the apparent goal of its establishment was to unify Muslims, restore the Islamic renaissance and rid the Islamic world of foreign colonialism, and therefore these ideas were found acceptable by some Muslim youth and were the first movements that adopted the thought Political Islam is the Muslim Brotherhood movement founded by Sheikh Hassan Al-Banna in 1928, and most of the political Islam parties, movements, and groups in the Islamic world emerged from under its cloak.
We focused in our study on one of those groups that are considered the most extreme and dangerous, which is the Muslim group or what is known as the group of infidelity and migration, and our choice of this topic came to reveal the truth of those groups that legalized terrorism, and intimidation as a deviant ideology and took it as a method for their work, and that they are subversive movements that try to destroy The Islamic community and its return to the backward, stopping the process of progress and development and distorting the image of Islam as a religion of tolerance and coexistence with religions, and other societies, as well as those terrorist organizations exerted the Egyptian state in terms of security and its threat to the civil peace of society and broadcast ideas poisoning the ideas of youth.

The research is based on tracing a grammatical problem that we see as small in size but deep in its origin, which was put forward by grammarians in their writings, old and new, related to the corners of the attribution (the predicate and the ascribed to it) in the Arabic sentence and the change in grammatical ranks or lack of attribution followed by a difference in significance based on That attribution and its meaning. The problem is centered in the occurrence of the subject, a description similar to the verb from a subject, object or other, apply that similar in terms of action and commit to performing the same grammatical function that the verb performs from raising a subject or accusative object and stood oscillating between two important roles in the Arabic sentence, either (it is a predicate) verb), or a predicate (subjunctive), which of the two prevails over the other? This is what we will try to clarify.

Hardly a society is devoid of manifestations of imitating the opposite sex with the disparity between societies in quantity and quality, as imitating the opposite sex is an old phenomenon, and whoever follows what the old researchers wrote on this subject, finds various sayings, some of which lack evidence, being a kind of guesswork, A generalization that is not based on what is evidenced by it, and others consider resemblance to a behavior in which an animal resembles a human being. I will highlight in this research the resemblance to the opposite sex in the cultures of peoples, making the study into three sections. The manifestations of resembling men and women spread in Greek society greatly, and then the second study was devoted to the study of imitating the opposite sex in eastern civilization, Despite the few texts contained in the eastern sources, they are sufficient to demonstrate the prevalence of imitating the opposite sex. As for the third topic, it reviewed imitating the opposite sex in the Arab and Islamic countries, resulting from the expansion of Islamic conquests, and the entry of peoples into Islam of various nationalities, as well as the The large number of prisoners and slaves who were brought to Arab and Islamic countries helped spread the phenomenon of hermaphroditism and masculinization, as ignorance did not know it, nor did the first century AH, but luxury and a new civilization brought it.

During the middle of the third century AD, the Roman Empire witnessed a severe crisis at various levels, which plunged it into complete chaos, especially the military, which prompted the emperors to take risks by introducing barbarians into the army, and accordingly the emergence of non-Roman elements in sensitive positions in which they proved their worth, what Finally, they were allowed to assume high positions in the military administration.
This research aims to try to shed light on the Roman army and its important role in protecting the borders of the empire from external dangers, and its effective role in averting the crisis of the third century AD, by addressing the structure of the new Roman army and the number of its forces, as well as the various military fortifications taken by the emperors To repel the raids of barbarian raiders.

The policy of the Spanish government towards the New World was not limited to the idea of trade exchange and the establishment of commercial stations in the discovered areas, but the settlement in those lands in order to transform them into the Catholic faith and the European civilization with all its features. Thus, the lands of the New World became not an area for scouting adventures, but rather areas for the settlement of many of The Spaniards, and in the first half of the sixteenth century, the Spaniards succeeded in conquering Mexico and Peru, laying the foundation stone for a Spanish empire in the New World, thus supporting the growth of the world market because those possessions provided them with much-needed money for political and economic expansion through their acquisition of precious metals (gold and silver ) in the New World, which had a severe impact on European prosperity.
The research discusses the beginning of the Spanish settlement in Peru, then sheds light on the policy of organizing and expanding the settlement administration in Peru for the period 1518-1598, reviewing the most important laws that were enacted as a new stage in the Spanish administrative structure in the New World.

In the last years of the rule of Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, Iran witnessed a political openness as a result of international pressures that were being exerted on it because of its repressive policy towards the Iranian people in general and towards the political parties and organizations that were operating in Iran, and the most pressure came from the United States of America and its president in that The period Jimmy Carter, whose electoral slogan was the defense of human rights, as well as the desire of the United States of America to change the rules of the political game in the Middle East, In 1977, Mr. Khomeini assigned one of his own personalities with his desire to establish the Islamic Republican Party, and after extensive consultations between Mr. Khomeini’s followers and in consultation with him, especially after Mr. Khomeini settled in Paris, he announced the founding of the party in the fall of 1978, and Mr. Khomeini’s condition was that the announcement of the party remain Secretly until the victory of the Islamic Revolution.
Our research covers the following:

1-The stages of establishing the party and the narratives about how to establish it
2-The most important personalities who had a role in formulating the foundations, method and principles of the party. 3-The party's role in the presidential elections of the Islamic Republic of Iran after the victory of the Islamic Revolution. 4-The party's position on the government of Abu al-Hasan Bani Sadr The party's role in the elections of the Islamic Consultative Assembly

The study seeks to approach the concept of historical fiction in the novel The Plight of Venus by the Iraqi writer Ahmed Khalaf. Historical fiction, then talking about historical references in the novel, as well as talking about the narrative imagination and the dystopian pattern in it, and ended with some results, including that the relationship between the novel and history is a reciprocal and interactive relationship, and it is a relationship between two spaces (the fictional narrative space and the realistic historical reference space).

The research of “The Doctrine of Contemporary Atheism ((its causes, divisions, means, treatment)) included an introduction and three sections. The first topic was: in the definition of atheism, and its causes, so I mentioned in the first requirement: the definition of atheism in language and terminology, and the second requirement was in: the causes of atheism Doctrinally and intellectually, and the second topic was in: Doctrines and Means of Atheism, and it was from two demands, the first in: Sections of Atheism and its doctrines, and the second requirement on: Means of Contemporary Atheism. I mentioned it, and I tried to find out about the subject through extensive research with the correct information.Research problem: the prevalence of the doctrine of atheism, religion, extremism, and whore by accepting deviant and forbidden acts in the Islamic community largely without deterring such ideas. The importance of the topic and the reason for choosing it: The necessity of knowing God, the Mighty and Sublime, with the right to know His Names and Attributes, to reconstruct the heart and the mind by believing in His Oneness, and singularity in worship, and the necessity to refute salt with the argument and The proof of the verse: (alm seen to the Haj Ibrahim in his Lord God grant him the king, as Abraham said, my Lord who gives life and Yamit said I salute Amit Abraham said, God comes the sun from the east, 'Bring them from Morocco were amazed that Kafr God does not guide the people Zalim) Objectives of the research and its hypotheses: The research aims to invalidate the semi-atheists, correct their false belief, and belief in God, through purposeful arguments according to sound frameworks that confirm the invalidity of the atheism doctrine. Methodological in the research: The research mentions the verses of the Noble Qur’an and some honorable hadiths that show the invalidity of the atheism doctrine, in addition to some sources that pertain to the subject of atheism. Theoretical framework and previous studies: After researching and tracing on the subject of atheism, I found a number of researches that were preceded by specialists in writing. He walks away from the beliefs and ideas that they took from atheists.

The study came under the title Aesthetics of Taboos and Interviews in the book (The Fall of the Zind) by Abu Al-Alaa Al-Maari, to shed light on the aesthetics of these two arts in his poetry, and how the poet benefited from them in drawing images and rhetorical scenes affecting the recipient, as the study relied on presenting a rhetorical lesson based on explanation, analysis and perception. The aesthetic elements in all its dimensions, and the study was divided into two chapters, the first concerned with the beauty of the counterpoint, both positive and negative, and the second was concerned with the aesthetics of the interview and the two chapters were preceded and followed by the most important results, then proven by sources and references.

The current research aims to identify the level of obesity among kindergarten teachers and the level of chronic fatigue among teachers and the relationship of obesity to chronic fatigue according to the research sample. The researcher chose (100) kindergarten teachers from government kindergartens in a random way and after using the appropriate statistical means and obtaining honesty and consistency, the researcher found Obesity is somewhat prevalent among kindergarten teachers, and some teachers suffer from sad fatigue, and there is a correlation between obesity and chronic fatigue, and in light of the results, the researcher put forth some recommendations and suggestions key words (obesity - Chronic fatigue).

The research aims to know the effect of the circular house strategy on the achievement and attitude of the fifth grade secondary students in the subject of geography.
To achieve this goal, the following null hypotheses were formulated:
1- There are no statistically significant differences at the level (0,05) of the average scores of the experimental group students who study geography by the circular house strategy and the scores of the control group students who study in the usual way in the achievement test.
2- There are no statistically significant differences at the level (0,05) of the average scores of the experimental group who are according geography by the circular house strategy and the average scores of the control group of students who study in the usual way in the direction gauge.
The current research is limited to the students of Al-Aqila School for Girls, fifth grade of middle school, in the subject of physical geography - the first semester (2018-2019).
The research sample consisted of (60) female students distributed in two classrooms, with (30) female students in the experimental group on which the circular house strategy was applied, and the second (30) control group that studied in the usual way.
The results of the current search were :
1- The students of the experimental group outperformed the students of the control group in achievement
2- The students of the experimental group outperformed the students of the control group in the direction gauge in the subject of geography

The aim of this research is to idenfify the level of admistrative empowerment and its relationship to enhancing the creative abilities of Karkh education employees in Baghdad in view of some variables (gender,educational qualification,occupational category,and years of experience). Aquestionnaire of (57) paragraph was applied to asample of (120) male and female employees selected by acomprehensive survey method. The questionnaire was characterized by high reliability and validity coefficients where Cronbach's alpha coefficient (0.94) was used , and after collection and analysis of data , It was found that the arithmetic mean of the total field was (3.96), with a standard deviation of (0.39), and it was found that the senior management in the General Directorate of Karkh Education is working hard to enhance the creative abilities of its employees. The arithmetic average has reached for the domain (3.89) with a standard deviation of (0.37) and a significant response degree.It was found a direct statistically significant relationship between the reality of administrative empowerment followed in the General Directorate of Karkh Education and the enhancement of the creative abilities of its employees.The researcher recommended The need for the senior management in Karkh education to work hard to create an atmosphere help to implement the concept of employee empowerment by deepening the concept of employee participation in making decisions related to their work.

The aim of the research is to identify the role of in-service training courses in improving the teaching performance of history teachers in secondary school.And identify the differences between the answers of the search sample depending on the search variables(years of service –number of courses- Scientific qualification), the researcher adopted the descriptive and analytical curriculum and included the research sample (300) teachers and schools for the history material in secondary schools-Rusafa I.The resolution tool was built up of (40) paragraphs distributed in three areas (I:importance of training courses-II:teaching skills-III:obstacles of training courses), and the research reached the following results:-there are differences with statistical function between the averages of answers to the search resolution, attributed to the variable of training courses.- There are differences with a statistical function between the average answers to the search resolution attributed to the variable of the scientific qualification in favor of those who possess the qualification Bachelor's degree-history, and the research reached a number of The most important conclusions are: reviewing in-service training programs for history teachers in secondary schools, as well as designing clear training programs and identifying the most important training needs for history teachers in secondary schools, in keeping with scientific developments and developments, and the most important research recommendations: providing educational tools and tools for history, especially maps and historical images, watching historical documentaries