Journal Of Wassit For Science & Medicine

Ten samples were taken from the Tigris River for five sites before (S.1), during (S.2, S.3 and S.4) and after (S.5) the city of Kut for two seasons. The locations of these samples were geographically determined by GPS, in addition to conducting physical analysis, electrical conductivity, pH and temperature at the site. Chemical analyzers were carried out in the Central Environmental Laboratory in Kut to determine the concentration of cations and anions to determine the validity of the river water for different purposes in the city of Kut. All samples of River water (both for the November, 2017 and February, 2018) do not give any color and odor and low alkalinity and pH value range between (7.23 - 7.55). The Range of TDS value is between (520 - 671) ppm, fresh water (TDS<1000 ppm), and the range of EC value of the River water samples is between (990 to 1086( μs/cm. The (TH) values range between (237 to 345.5) ppm for two seasons, all samples from River water are hard to very hard for two seasons. The results of the analysis of major elements (cations and anions), in the River Water, showed that the predominant ion in the anions are (SO42-) ions and cations is (Ca2+) ion. Comparing the quality of River water with the standards of different uses, shows that water in Tigris River is suitable as drinking, according to IQS (2009). On the basis of Altoviski 1962) classification, the River is good for livestock uses. On the basis of SAR Todd (1980) classification of irrigation water, all the River water samples belong to excellent water class for both periods.

Natural polymer-based nanomaterials have been developed to overcome the bionanocomposites. Chitosan (CS) and mineral clays are renewable friendly compounds owing their properties of biocompatibility, biodegradability and low toxicity. These valuable properties, among others, fabricate the CS- based bionanocomposites in extremely interesting materials for a variety of applications, including drug delivery, medical and pharmaceutics purposes. The signafecant of processing approaches and characterization methods, as well as aspect associated to their biopharmaceutics and drug release behaviors for controlled and targeted drug delivery systems.

In this work we have introduced a new method for solving fuzzy differential equations .This method "based on the" fully fuzzy "neural network" to find "the numerical solution of" the "first order fuzzy differential equations" ."The fuzzy trial solution of" the "fuzzy initial value problem is written as a sum of two parts". The first part satisfies the fuzzy condition, it contains no fuzzy adjustable parameters. The second part involves fully fuzzy feed-forward neural networks containing fuzzy adjustable parameters. "Under some conditions the proposed method provides numerical solutions with high accuracy".

In this study, the activity concentrations of radium -226 (236Ra),actinium-228 (238Ac) and potassium -40 (40K) of fly ash , in the Zubaidiyah thermal power station in Wasit province in Iraq were determined using gamma-rays spectroscopy with a hyper -pure germanium (HPGe) and sodium iodide (NaI(TI)) detectors. Reagent system used sodium iodide gamma spectrum and is surrounded by a shield of lead to reduce background radiation and measuring models and calculate the concentrations of natural radioactive isotopes of uranium -238 series, and a series of thorium-232, as well as potassium isotope -40 natural . In general, the results of uranium were higher than the results of thorium with a limit of 3 to 4 times. These are normal results that confirm that there are no previous or old pollutants in the study areas. The risk factors have been calculated in the present study, which include radium equivalent activities ( ), gamma dose rate (D), external hazard index ( ), internal hazard index ( ), annual effective dose which comprise indoor and outdoor effective dose rate (E) It is measured by unit mSv/y and representative level index ( ), respectively.

In this research , silver doped ZnO was prepared as thin films deposited on a glass substrate by sol gel technique and dipping coating. The characterization and antimicrobial prepared thin films was investigated. Structural properties of thin films were studied from measurement of x-ray (XRD), homogeneous and roughness of thin films surface was diagnosed by atomic force microscopy (AFM), optical properties measurement for obtained thin films investigated by used Uv-visible spectra and antibacterial activity test against E-coli bacteria were studied. The results showed antimicrobial activity about 70% of 10%Ag content and activity 10% for 5% Ag content studied.

This study was conducted to measure some of physical and chemical parameters for Al-Gharraf river water and water treatment plant (Al-Karimmia water treatment plant) in Wasit Province from May 2017 to October 2017.Ecological factors that measure included water temperature, turbidity, pH, electrical conductivity , total dissolved solid, total hardness, alkalinity and the concentrations of (Ca,Mg,SO4,Cl,Na,K) for the samples of the raw water from river water and drinking water from water treatment plant and compared drinking water with Iraqi standards to determine its suitability for human uses. The results of this study of the raw water showed that water temperature was in the range(23-34.7Co), turbidity in the range(35-123 NTU),EC and TDS ranged between (1018-1343 μs/cm) (640-864 mg/L) respectively. The range of pH (7 to 7.5),total hardness (335 to 448 mg/L) and alkalinity (158 to 197 mg/L). The concentrations of Ca and Mg in the range (72-115 mg/L) (33-47 mg/L) respectively. The monthly concentrations of sulphate ranged between (200 -320 mg/L) while the concentration chloride (91-119 mg/L). Sodium and potassium values varied from (78-107 mg/L) (2-3 mg/L) respectively. The physical and chemical parameters such as water temperature, turbidity, pH, electrical conductivity , total dissolved solid (TDS), total hardness, alkalinity and the concentrations of (Ca,Mg,SO4,Cl,Na,K) were measured for drinking water and all of these agree with Iraqi standards.

The physical and chemical parameters of Tigris River water at AL- Kut City have been investigated. Five stations at the river were chosen to perform the study. Monthly samples from all stations were collected during the period from January - December 2015. The result of turbidity values showed height in summer reached to 68 NTU, The decrease of turbidity and the total suspended solids was one of the positive results to the effect of AL-Kut Dam on the Tigris River after the dam. The river water was fresh with a good aerated water with height of the dissolved oxygen value has been reached to 81. 2mg/L. Over saturated Oxygen condition was noticed 878.42 mg/L but the biological demand of oxygen with variation in some values. The result of hydrogen ion concentration values on the weak alkaline side. The Higher values of total hardness were recorded 838mg/L, also the Calcium and magnesium were the main cause of hardness. The most alkaline was caused by carbonate and bicarbonate ions the sulphates were increased to 821 mg/L. The phosphate of the surface water in concentration from 0.12- 1.65 mg/L.

It has been proven that spatial information technology, ie GIS, and remote sensing are an effective tool in the identification and planning of drainage pattern and management and planning of water resources. GIS and image processing were adopted to determine morphological characteristics and analyze them in the Nafit river basin in Diyala Governorate, east Iraq and western Iran. The basin morphometric parameters such as linear, aerial and relief aspects of the river basin were determined and computed using ArcGIS v. 10.3software. Stream orders in the basin affected to the conditions of rock structures and physiographies conditions. The study area is covered by (Fatha Formation, Injana Formation, Mukdadiya Formation and Quaternary deposits) with the area (3723km2). It is 6th order drainage basin and drainage pattern mainly in sub dendritic to dendritic type. The hydrological characteristics of the basin are influenced by the type and composition of the rocks and the amounts of rainfall.

The study was conducted to estimate the concentration of a number of heavy elements of water samples of some) RO( plants in different areas of Al Kut city, where samples were withdrawn from ten stations in some regions (Al-Zahra, Imam Ali, Al-Abbasiyah district, Tammuz, Al-Hakim, Al-Hawra district, Al-Azza, Al Khajia, Anwar al-Sadr area, Shuhada regions) and estimate the number of some elements such as lead )Pb(, cadmium )Cd(,zinc )Zn(, nickel )Ni), and compare the results with the permissible limits according to draft 779 Drinking water specifications WHO The high levels of lead and cadmium were recorded and the zinc element was maintained at the allowable values. The nickel element recorded a complete absence of the extracted samples and high percentages in the samples of Al-Zahraa, Imam Ali neighborhood, Abbasiya, Anwar al-Sadr area and Shuhada regions.

The main objective of this study is to obtain and compare the performance of "Maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) and Bayesian estimators of the scale parameter of the Rayleigh distribution. In order to get better understanding in our Bayesian analysis we consider informative prior as well as non-informative prior using Jeffery prior information under loss functions (modified squred error loss function, Quadratic error loss function) to find the best method for estimation, which used the samples size ( 10, 20, 30, 50, 100). The comparison of the estimators, based on their mean squared errors (MSE's), we obtain that, MinMSE is the best estimator, while the performance of Bayes estimator under modified squared error loss function with non-informative prior with a value of the scale parameter ( ) is the best estimator comparing to other for all simple size.

The study was conducted in the infertility treatment center located in Al- Kut city of Iraq, the sample were taken from 43 individual have a weakness in firtility , aged between 20-40 years and have no diseases affect the study. Seminal fluid samples were collected by masturbation after 3-5 day abstention in sterile container and send to laboratory for measuring the concentration of fructose and the percentage of count , motility and morphology .Venous blood was drawn to measure the level of hormones LH, FSH and Testosterone .50 g of natural honey was given to patients to be eaten daily with breakfast for 30 days. After that seminal fluid and blood samples were collecting to measure the previous seminal parameters.The study found that there was a significant increase in fructose level , count , motility and the morphology. As well as there is an increase in the level of hormone testosterone, LH, FSH

A total of 210 specimens were collected from burn wound patients their ages ranged from 5-50 years during the period March to August 2016 from inpatients whom attended to hospitals in Baghdad /Iraq. The bacterial agents were showed that single pathogens growth isolates only 42 isolates (37.5 %) of Klebsiella pneumoniae , 36 isolates (32.14%) Pseudomonas spp., 20 isolates (17.86%) Escherichia coli, 10 isolates (8.93%) Staphylococcus aureus and 4 isolates (3.57%) proteus spp. .While mixed growth isolates frequency showed K. pneumoniae and Pseudomonas spp.64 isolates (65.31 %) , Pseudomonas spp. and E. coli 18 isolates (18.37%), K. pneumoniae and E. coli 7 isolates (7.14%), Pseudomonas spp. and proteus spp. 4 isolates (4.08 %) , K. pneumoniae and Staph. aureus 3 isolates (3.06 %) and proteus spp. and E. coli 2 isolates (2.04 %). The results susceptibility testing showed that frequency resistance of K. pneumoniae isolates to: doxycycline were (100 %) ,tetracycline (95.23%) , cefotaxime and pipracillin (85.71%) ceftriaxone (88.09%), trimethoprim sulfamethoxazol (83.33%) , ticarcillin (78.57%), aztreonam (71.2%) , ceftazidime (69.04%) , ciprofloxacin (59.52%), gentamycin (26.19%) , imipenem (21.42%) , meropenem and amikacin(19.04 %). Also the results showed the highest frequency of susceptibility among K. pneumoniae was associated to gentamycin (78.57%) , meropenem and amikacin (76.19%) and imipenem (69.04%).

Two field experiments were conducted during 2015-2016 in Wasit province, Iraq to test the allelopathic potential of sunflower (Helianthus annuus .L). Two genotypes introduced to Iraq to screened allelopathic of root exuded against weeds in sunflower field. Two sunflower genotypes significantly inhibited total number and biomass of companion weeds and the inhibition is genotype dependent. Genotypes tested Asgria was the most allelopathic cultivars with the reduction in total weed number by 68.6% of control and weed biomass by 61.0% of the control respectively. Flamme was the less allelopathic genotypes comparted Asgria Genotypes , which inhibition in total weed number by 24% and weed biomass by 35.4% respectively of the control respectively. A staircase experiment indicated that root exudates of the Asgria cultivar suppressed weeds more than Flamme giving additional evidence for the superiority of the Asgria cultivar in its allelopathic weed suppression. Chemical analysis indicated the presence of phenols compound in root exudates of both cultivars with a significantly higher amount in the Asgria cultivar (0.403 mg/g) compared to cultivar Flamme( 0.220 mg/g ) and that total phenolic started to increase at 28 day then declined at end season. Chemical analysis on these phenolics by HPLC indicated the presence of several allelochemicals, viz, protocatechuic, , vanillic, syringic, , ferulic and p-coumaric acid.Chromatographic analyses indicated the presence phytotoxins in the root exudes of the tested sunflower genotypes. All the isolated compounds appeared to have different retention times and were identified as phenolic compounds

The present study was aimed to isolate yeasts from soil samples contaminated with oil and their ability to produce biosurfactants. Five samples were collected from different sites of Baghdad, thirty four isolate of yeasts were obtained from these contaminated soil. Nineteen isolates from them were able to produce biosurfactant according to the diameter of clearing zonein solution test, while other isolates gave negative results. The yeast isolates which gave positive result werequantitatively screened on the basis of emulsification index and surface tension, secondary screening showed that isolates SD5, SB8 and SK10 giving the highest yield of biosurfactant in their cultures and the values of emulsification index were 45.7%, 56.9% and 53.4% respectively. Also, the biosurfactant of isolates SD5, SB8 and SK10 were exhibited maximum ability to reduce the surface tension of medium to 38.2, 27.1 and 30.8 mN\m respectively. Finally selected isolates SD5, SB8 and SK10 were identification on the basis of morphological and biochemical tests, the results revealed that isolates were identified as Saccharomyces cerevisiaeSB8, Candida glabrataSD5 and Candida glabrata SK10 respectively.The three most active isolates were tested to see their ability to produce biosurfactant in BH medium supplemented with four types of agricultural residues (rice bran, banana peel, wheat bran and corn cobs) as a source of carbon compared with BH medium with glucose. All isolates showed good ability to produce biosurfactant in liquid medium with different types of agricultural wastes and also with glucose. Candida glabrata SD5 exhibited highest activity for biosurfactant production when grown on agricultural wastes and glucose depend on the values of emulsification index and surface tension, whilethe wheat bran as a substrate gave best stimulation for biosurfactant production compared with other agricultural wastes.

In this study, X-ray attenuation measurements for voltages (20, 25, 30, 35) KV using X-ray unit with copper X-ray tube were performed for the composites material that consist of epoxy as a matrix and titanium oxide as a reinforced at concentrations ( 4 and 6 Wt. %) which was prepared by hand- lay-up method by using mechanical mixer . The linear attenuation coefficient (μ) was obtained by linear equation of the graph representation output between the logarithm of absorption and the thickness of the samples where the slope of the graph represents the linear attenuation coefficient. The obtained results showed that the linear attenuation coefficient increased by increasing the weight percentage of titanium oxide and the highest value obtained at 6Wt .% . The inverse relation between the linear attenuation coefficients of the composite samples with the x-ray voltage was also concluded. The values of mean free path (λ), halve value layer (HVL) and tenth value layer (TVL) was calculated in this study, the results were shown that the values of λ, HVL, and TVL, for pure epoxy is greater than its values of the composite material with 4and 6 Wt. % of TiO2 at all values of voltages mentioned above. The results obtained showed the efficiency of the prepared composites in the X-ray absorption and attenuation, this efficiency is relatively variable depending on the ratio of the reinforced material TiO2 which demonstrating the great and a positive effect of it on the radiation shielding properties of the epoxy polymer.

One hundred fifty swabs were collected from otitis infection to detect toxA gene in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. These samples were cultured on MacConkey agar and blood agar media under sterilization condition and incubated for 18-24 hrs at 37oC. Morphological and biochemical test was carried out to identify P. aeruginosa in these samples , then diagnosis was confirmed with VITEK- 2 Compact system. In all these samples found twenty seven isolates belong to P. aeruginosa (18%).Antibiotic susceptibility test was achieved by select five antibiotics (Ticarcillin 75 μg,Ceftazidime 30μg,Cefotaxime 30μg,Meropenem 10μg,Levofloxacin 5μg) from different groups, all these twenty seven isolates were examined against these antibiotics. The results showed ability of these isolates to resist most antibiotics. Some of these isolates (Q1, Q2, Q5, Q8 and Q11)were resistant against all antibiotics. These five multidrug resistance isolates were selected to detecttox A gene. After extraction of genomeof all these five isolates by specific kit and amplificationoftox A gene by specific primers, all these five isolates were contained toxA gene in about 535 bp in its genetic materials.

In this paper, we try to give suggestion to prevent the corrosion of oil pipes using nanomaterials to produce high-performance coatings, for example alloy of Zn-Ni-Al2O3 nanocomposite coatings. The study of coating properties of such alloy is very important in order to obtain a high quality coating on mild steel. The effect of alumina nanoparticles on the structural properties of Zn-Ni-Al2O3 alloy for improved resistance against corrosion of this alloy coating was investigated. Thus mechanical properties will improve.

Tramadol is a centrally active synthetic opioid analgesic that is used extensively. The present research conducted to outline the histological changes on reproductive system ( ovaries and uterus of females and testis of male) and hormonal status of mature albino mice . Fourty mice (male and female) weighing approximately 25-30g were used in the present study. Animals were divided into two groups control male and females (n=20) and tramadol treatment male and female group (n=20). Applied tramadol doses 25mg /Kg/day were daily injected intramuscular for 60 days. At the end of treatment, the animals were sacrificed and their ovary, uterus and testis were incised and fixed in 10% formalin for histological investigation .The blood sample were collected for measure hormonal levels (sex hormones) of both sex. The results of males hormones levels showing highly significant reduce in the level of testosterone and highly significant increase in the level of prolactin hormone while (FSH and LH) showed significant decrease as compared with control group. The result of female hormones levels showed a highly significant reduce in the level of Estradiol and significant decrease in the level of (FSH and LH) hormones as compared with control group. The histological section of ovary showing damage of growing follicles, increase cellularity of stroma, cystic follicle degeneration. There were hypertrophied endometrium glands , atrophic endometrium lining of uterus, testis possessed disorganization of the seminiferous tubules with inflammatory cells, degenerative change in germ cell with vacuolated epithelium.

Diclofenac sodium (DS) is one of Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).It is commonly used to relief pain and treats several disorders like renal diseases, inflammation and fever. This study was designed to show the effects of over dose of diclofenac sodium75ml/kg B.W in 5 days anatomically and histologically to the stomach, kidney and liver. 24 experimental rats were used,femal ages range between 8-10 weeks. The anatomical change include increase weight and grossly change in surface of these organs and mucosa of stomach but histological change in these tissue include damages which can form mucosal erosions in stomach. However, in kidney it causes infraction in the same area of cortex. Moreover, medulla causes congestion, and in liver occur hepatocyte inflammation and increase fibrous tissue.

The Tigris River in Iraq has fundamental roles in local society as a source of water for recreation; domestic use; irrigation; as well as receives of agricultural and municipals wastewater. The Canadian Council of Ministries of the Environment (CCME) Water quality Index (WQI) used for rating of water quality in Tigris River before and after El-Kut Dam indicates that the quality of water is in between marginal and fair water rank. The quality parameters determined for sources of the area showed that the water of Tigris River at all the sites was quite within the acceptable range and shows that the overall quality of water is suitable and safe for domestic and irrigation purposes. The water quality index is potentially useful as a decision tool in environmental planning and decision-making activities related to water resource protection, improvement and utilization towards a sustainable water resource management in the province of Wasit.