Iraqi Journal of Laser

Periodontal diseases are inflammatory diseases, for which, scaling and root planning is the main approach. Diode laser therapy as an adjunct to non-surgical periodontal treatment has shown some beneficial effects. Aim: The objective of this single randomized controlled clinical study was to assess the effect of a 940 nm diode laser as an adjunct to SRP therapy in the treatment of periodontal pockets. Methods: In this study, twenty patients in need of periodontal treatment with periodontal pocket ≥ 4 mm were selected for this split-mouth clinical study. Test group treated by diode laser 940 nm as an adjunct with SRP, control group treated by SRP in contralateral quadrants. Clinical measurements (CAL and BOP) were performed before treatment at baseline and at 3 months. Results: CAL and BOP were significantly reduced after 3 months in control and laser groups. No significant differences were found between the control and laser groups in respect to CAL and BOP. Conclusion: The use of the 940 nm diode laser as an adjunct to scaling and root planing did not offer any superior clinical benefits over conventional scaling and root planning.

Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is involuntary urine leakage during activities that increase abdominal pressure such as coughing, sneezing and lifting of heavy weights. This is a very common disorder among women with history of multiple vaginal deliveries with an obstructed labor. SUI is considered one of the most distressing problems, especially for younger women, with severe quality of life implications, it caused by the loss of urethral support, usually as a consequence of the supporting structural muscles in the pelvis. Objective: To prove and demonstrate the effect of a fractional CO2 micro-ablative laser (10600nm) in intra vaginal therapy for treating SUI and achieve a clinical improvement of the urogenital system support. Methods: This is a prospective, observational study which was conducted over six month from the 1st. of July to 29th of December 2016 in Consultation Gynecologist Clinic in Al-Hila city, Iraq, in patients who complain of SUI. Twenty female patients were included in the study, their age ranged from 30-69 year, at range (49.5 year ) fifteen patient delivered vaginally, two delivered by cesarean section, two had combined delivery and one was Nulliparous ,all of them received the same treatment protocol. Detailed history about continence assessment, quality of life and sexuality before and after therapy. The fractional CO2 Aphrodite laser was used. The parameters used in each session were energy/(dot)pixel 119.4mJ, pulse duration 900 μs, frequancy1000Hz, and exposure time 300ms /shot with average of shots 34 and in range 26-42, in three sessions four weeks apart between them. The patients were followed for three months started from the beginning of the second session to one month after the last session. Results: Thirty-five percent of patients 35%(n=7) were cured ,and these 35% included all patients delivered by cesarean section and one third of patients who delivered vaginally and extensively most of patients were 60%(n=12) improved of their SUI. Patient reported no leakage any more while coughing or sneezing. Only 5%(n=1) not responded was menopause women. Conclusions: This study shows that micro-ablative fractional CO2 laser is effective can produce a remodeling of vaginal connective tissue without causing damage to surrounding tissue and the group of patients with continence disorder without vaginal delivery achieved marked improvement .

spider veins are clusters of Ectatic venules & are common finding on the lower limbs generally believed to be caused by multiple factors, including genetic predisposition, hormonal factors, gravity, occupation, pregnancy, becoming increasingly apparent with age, and trauma. Therapeutic options include sclerotherapy, surgical procedures, and treatment with different laser systems. Objectives: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of long pulsed (Nd:YAG) laser emitting at 1064nm in the treatment of spider veins. Patients, Materials and Methods: This prospective study was done in the laser medicine research clinics of the Institute of laser for postgraduate Studies / University of Baghdad from September 2016 until the end of December 2016. The study included ten patients between the ages of 22 to 55 years suffered from spider veins of the lower limbs. They were treated with a long pulsed (Nd:YAG) laser in a non contact technique using the following laser parameters (wavelength 1064 nm ,energy 30-73 J, pulse duration 10-30 ms, frequency 2Hz, spot diameter 3-7mm ). Laser therapy was performed on day zero and day fourteen. Clinical assessments were carried out before laser therapy and immediately after the first laser therapy, 2 weeks, 4 weeks, and 6 weeks later. Results: Results showed that there was a remarkable improvement for all patients after the second treatment. Six patients (60%) showed a complete disappearance of the spider veins and there was an improvement for four patients (40%) with no significant intraoperative and postoperative pain or complications, within short operative time. Conclusion: The long pulsed (Nd:YAG) laser (1064 nm) is an effective and safe treatment option for lower limbs spider veins.

Public demand for procedures to rejuvenate photodamaged facial skin have stimulated the use of fractional CO2 laser as a precise and predictable treatment modality. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of fractional CO2 laser system for reducing periorbital rhytids. Materials and Methods: twenty seven subjects with mild periocular wrinkles, and photoaged skin of the face were prospectively treated two to three times (according to clinical response) in the periorbital area with a fractional CO2 laser device equipped with a scanning hand piece. Improvements in eyelid wrinkles was evaluated clinically and photographically. Subjects also scored satisfaction and tolerability. Results: seventy % of subjects achieved or maintained 50–60% improvement at 3 months. Nearly 40% of subjects maintained 20–40% improvement at 3 months after treatment. Subject satisfaction was high and the procedure was well tolerated. Mild-to-moderate erythema and edema persisted for up to three to four days. Conclusion: Treatment with a fractional CO2 laser device improves periorbital rhytids, and tightens skin.

This research aims to design a high-speed laser diode driver and photodetector, the result is the design of the high-speed laser diode driver with a short pulse of 10 ns at 30 KHz frequency and the delivered maximum pulse voltage is 5.5 mV. Also, its optical output power of the laser diode driver is about 2.529 mW for the centroied wavelength 1546.7 nm with FWHM of 286 pm and (1270-1610) nm. The design of the circuit based on bipolar transistor where the input pulse signal is simply generated by an arduino kit with 15 kHz frequency and then compensated to trigger to small signal amplifier which was is simply NPN C3355 transistor and the output is a current driver to the laser diode. OptiSystem software and Electronic Workbench tools were used for the design of high speed laser diode diver and its simulation.

This study presents the effect of laser energy on burning loss of magnesium from the holes' drilled in aluminum alloy 5052. High energy free running pulsed Nd:Glass laser of 300 μs pulse duration has been used to perform the experiments. The laser energy was varied from 1.0 to 8.0 Joules, The drilling processes have been carried out under atmospheric pressure and vacuum inside a specially designed chamber. Microhardness of the blind drilled holes has been investigated .The results indicated that the magnesium loss could be manipulated by adjusting the focusing conditions of the laser beam. Almost, the obtained holes were free of cracks with low taper and low sputter deposition. .The holes performed under atmospheric conditions have higher depth compared to the holes drilled under vacuum.

This paper presents the theoretical and experimental results of drilling high density polyethylene sheet with thickness of 1 mm using millisecond Nd:YAG pulsed laser. Effects of laser parameters including laser energy, pulse duration and peak power were investigated. To describe and understand the mechanism of the drilling process Comsol multiphysics package version 4.3b was used to simulate the process. Both of the computational and experimental results indicated that the drilling process has been carried out successfully and there are two phases introduced in the drilling process, vaporization and melting. Each portion of these phases depend on the laser parameters used in the

Quantum channels enable the achievement of communication tasks inaccessible to their classical counterparts. The most famous example is the distribution of secret keys. Unfortunately, the rate of generation of the secret key by direct transmission is fundamentally limited by the distance. This limit can be overcome by the implementation of a quantum repeater. In order to boost the performance of the repeater, a quantum repeater based on cut-off with two different types of quantum memories is suggestd, which reduces the effect of decoherence during the storage of a quantum state.