Journal of the College of Islamic Sciences

The study aimed to identify the efforts made by Iraqi scholars recently in the science of Maqasid al-Sharia, and its problem is that the science of Maqasid is one of the important sciences within the sciences of Islamic Sharia; as it deals with the aims and objectives intended by the wise Lawgiver in his legislation of rulings and their explanation to people. It is worth noting that this science was not addressed by ancient scholars in writings like the science of Usul al-Fiqh until Imam al-Shatibi addressed it in his book Al-Muwafaqat in some detail.
The study reached the most important results, which are that Maqasid is a complex system and based on this it is necessary to renew it, and this requires great efforts and jurisprudential assemblies to crystallize it and to become rules that are applied when needed or to develop jurisprudential branches related to the reality of life. This requires the combined efforts of jurists and mujtahids in the issues raised, and that renewing the objectives of Sharia is an open door whose discussions and chapters have not been completed, and additions continue throughout the ages.
The study recommended the necessity of teaching the subject of Maqasid al-Sharia in Sharia colleges and law colleges for 4-6 hours per week; In order for the Maqasid system to crystallize among students, and by assigning the jurisprudential assemblies and legal institutions to conduct development courses in the science of Maqasid, and by establishing a scientific institution concerned with the interpretation of everything that has been written in Maqasid, and following up on everything that is written recently, and setting controls that determine the course of this science; so that intruders do not enter it and dilute the legislation under the pretext of observing the Maqasid.

The research aims to highlight the extent to which the Kharijites have been influenced by Islamic thought, and to show examples and evidence indicating the existence of influence and similarity between them in order to warn Muslims against their paths, as well as the importance of the research in revealing the exaggeration and deviation in the understanding of texts in some books of the latecomers, showing the innocence of the way of the righteous Salaf, the people of Sunnah and Jama'ah, from what the Kharijites have, and warning the general Muslims against the paths of the Kharijites and their ways, while the research reached several results, including: That the thought of the Kharijites has evolved to the most severe and harsh, and that it starts out weak and then strengthens and spreads, similar to the late Kharijites in their lack of regard for the conditions and contraindications of takfir, which are mentioned by the scholars, as well as the injustice of the ancient and modern Kharijites in requiring their opponents to follow their statements and then takfir them, although these requirements may be from their fabrications and their corrupt belief: The Office of the Sunni Endowment should call for directing mosque preachers to commit in their sermons that call for fighting extremist ideology and the mechanism to confront it and avoid rushing behind it; raising awareness and promoting intellectual awareness among young people in not rushing behind terrorist and takfiri ideology through the General Directorate to combat intellectual terrorism, by giving lectures and holding seminars in universities and public places; the Office of the Sunni Endowment should call for fighting the Kharijites who seek to deserve the blood and property of Muslims; some even call for the killing of women and children.

We briefly mention in this summary the most important points mentioned in the research regarding the definition of the Baha'i sect in general, to whom this sect is attributed, and how it was given this name, moving on to its origins and roots on which it built its launch, then standing on the most important doctrinal foundations that distinguished it, and among the most important of these foundations is the belief in the existence of one God, but this existence of God differs greatly from what the correct Islamic faith is based on, as they derive the attributes of the Creator from the basis of the esoteric faith that sees that everything has an outward and an inward aspect and that existence is a manifestation of God, according to the doctrine of the unity of existence, and that God is the true point and everything in existence is a manifestation of Him, and therefore they build all manifestations of work and worship on them as outward matters that express an inward matter. The founder of this sect also denies the unseen world and the afterlife to say that heaven and paradise are in this world, and they are available to all who follow him.
As a result, the importance of the topic lies in explaining what this group believes and believes in and the extent of its misguidance and distance from the religion of Islam, so I titled my research (Examples of the Baha'i faith), and the research plan came as follows:
The first section: Defining the Baha'i faith: It includes two requirements.
The second section: Examples of the Baha'i faith, the most important thing they call for, and the position of Muslims towards them, and it includes four requirements.
And a conclusion with the most important results.

The second source of the evidence of legislation is the Sunnah, in terms of its occurrence either as a continuous report or as a single report. Jurists differed in dealing with the single report, some of them accepted it without conditions, and some of them set conditions for working with it. The importance of this research is clear from the jurisprudential effects that appeared in the Book of Prayer as a result of the difference between the fundamentalists in dealing with the single report, and directing the opinions of jurists in those effects. The research aims to clarify the evidence of the single report and the position of scholars on it, and to know the disagreement in the issues resulting from the evidence of the single report in the Book of Prayer. As for the method followed in this research, it is the method of comparative study. I have listed the issues in which disagreement occurred due to the acceptance of the single report or not. The views of the jurists and their evidence for it were presented and discussed, with a statement of the most preponderant opinion. The nature of the research required dividing it into two sections: the first: the individual report and the scholars’ position on it, and the second: the jurisprudential effects in the Book of Prayer. As for the most important results that I reached in this research, the scholars differed in dealing with the individual report, and jurisprudential differences were built upon it in various issues in jurisprudence, including the Book of Prayer. Accepting the individual report it is authentic without conditions is the correct From the doctrine of the majority.

This research is concerned with explaining the psychological impact of the story of Moses, peace be upon him, on humans through Surat Taha and Al-Shu'ara, which mentioned this story.
The research included an introduction and two sections, the first of which came to shed light on the meaning of the soul and its reality in the light of the Holy Qur’an, then the second section was devoted to studying the psychological state of our Master Moses, peace be upon him, in these two surahs.
The research aims as a main goal, which is to explain the effect of the Holy Qur’an in achieving tranquility and strength in the soul.
The research methodology was using the objective descriptive approach.
The most prominent findings of the research are:
The words of God Almighty and His revelation contain reassurance for hearts, and are guidance, healing, and mercy, and they contain strength from every weakness, and safety from every fear. Among the research findings also: trust in God Almighty, and believing in His promises is a reason for steadfastness, no matter how difficult the person is, and also among them: steadfastness. Those who have principles stick to their principles, even if they are few, because their hearts are reassured by the great support that provides them with this strength, which is God Almighty. And come.


Keywords: Self. Psychological state. The fear. Reassurance. Psychological impact

National identity is a central topic in contemporary thought, especially in the Arab and Islamic world, as the region faces many challenges related to cracks in national identity and changing concepts of loyalty and belonging. This study highlights the importance of this topic by focusing on an important age group, namely religious school students in Anbar Governorate, who are preparing to move to university. This age group is supposed to strongly reflect the values of citizenship and national identity. This study comes at a critical time for the country and the Arab region in general, as it witnesses foreign interventions and the rise of extremist ideas that transcend national borders and directly target national identity. Understanding the factors that lead to exclusion and extremism enables institutions to promote diversity and accommodate multiple viewpoints, which contributes to building cohesive societies. The objectives of the study were: (measuring the level of national identity among students of religious schools in Anbar Governorate, identifying the level of intellectual extremism among this group, and exploring the relationship between national identity and intellectual extremism). As for the research methodology, the study was based on a sample of (540) male and female students, including (321) male students and (219) female students. The researcher used a tool to measure national identity that included (30) paragraphs with multiple choices, and adopted the intellectual extremism scale prepared by Hussein (2019). To ensure the accuracy of the results, the researcher verified the psychometric properties of these two scales. After collecting and analyzing the data, the results revealed that religious school students enjoy a good level of national identity, and do not show tendencies towards intellectual extremism. However, the study showed a weak inverse relationship between national identity and intellectual extremism, indicating that strengthening national identity may contribute slightly to reducing the likelihood of the emergence of extremist thought. This study confirms the importance of strengthening national identity as a means of confronting extremist ideas. It also highlights the role that educational and religious institutions can play in supporting the values of national belonging and building a cohesive society capable of facing intellectual challenges.

This research deals with the role of women and their efforts in spreading and narrating the Noble Hadith and its sciences in the first century AH, and shows the efforts and interest of women in the responsibility to preserve the second source of legislation, and their sense of individual responsibility towards this blessed work, and their role in education and carrying the message of religion and conveying it as it taught them, and shows the role of the Mothers of the Believers (may Allah be pleased with them) in the field of narrating and serving the Hadith, and at their forefront is our Mother Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her). It also deals with the role of women in various fields of knowledge, not only in narration and knowledge, but also shows their role in criticism and modification and how to verify the narration and its accuracy.

Financial fines in Islamic jurisprudence are considered one of the important deterrent and deterrent tools for every legal violation, and it is a means to achieve goals and demands in the lives of individuals and societies, in order to organize their lives and take care of their interests, and this is what the considered interest approves and requires, because of its flexibility in finding appropriate solutions for each case, and writing It has great and great benefits that every intelligent and sane person can touch, and I divided it into two sections: the first topic: the concept of financial fines, its legality and its divisions, and it included four demands, and the second topic: application models for some of the provisions of financial fines and their developmental effects, and it included four demands, and I concluded it With a conclusion and mentioning the sources and references .

The researcher explained the meaning of imitation and showed what is reprehensible and has images that resemble the actions of animals. This imitation affects the prayer of a Muslim. Squatting has an image, including placing his buttocks on the ground, and at the same time raising his legs, placing his hands on the ground, and it is called the squatting of a dog. Then another image of imitation is the pecking of a crow, which means speeding up prostration and not being confident in it. This imitation affects the prayer. Then turning around in prayer by twisting his neck in prayer to the right or left. This action reduces the reward and eliminates humility. Among the images of imitating animals is the lion’s squatting, which is: spreading his hands and arms in prostration, extending them on the ground, and in it is negligence in prayer. Another example is the camel’s kneeling, which is: placing his hands before his knees. Another example is the camel’s squatting, which is: the worshipper takes a specific place in the mosque and only prays in it. This action leads to hypocrisy, reputation, and fame.

The book of Al-lamaa Al-Azizi by Abu al-Ala Al-Ma'ari (363-449 e) (a book developed by him to explain the vocabulary of Al-mutanabi's poetry) is characterized as a vast linguistic wealth; because it is the work of an imam of the most luxurious language, he is the world with its vocabulary, familiar with its famous and stray witnesses, he gained fame for his distinguished poetry, and people hardly know him otherwise, with the quality of his linguistic pen purely, grammar and interpretation of meanings, until the people of the language read it.
The one who is familiar with this book finds that Abu al-Ala draws attention to the lexicographers with some meanings, and speaks in deriving the idioms, especially alerting to the origin of the derivation in them, and the reasons for naming them, with some research that was not mentioned in those lexicons, and our research monitors those derivations, their origins and their connotations that the context and connotation.

Praise be to God, and may blessings and peace be upon the Messenger of God, May God bless him and grant him peace, And after: The Messenger of God ,May God bless him and grant him peace, The teacher and educator with his wonderful methods, and one who looks at what came before Islam and what comes after it, sees the various methods set forth by the Messenger of God. May God bless him and grant him peace, And the extent to which the Companions were influenced May God be pleased with them. In the Holy Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, With his style, he produced a blessed generation through whose hands the countries of the East and the West were conquered. In this research, I will present some noble prophetic hadiths, which contain a prophetic style in which he, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him, invested disruptive energies, and in imitation of the Prophet. May God bless him and grant him peace, This research deals with investing and discovering broken energies and directing them to the right path, and it has great and great importance in recreating a conscious and understanding generation.

This study addresses the topic through three main sections, focusing on definitions, the development of Western rational thought, and a comparison of the status of reason in Islamic thought and the current reality of Muslims. The aim of this research is to examine the concept of moderation in Islamic thought through analyzing the role of reason as a tool for achieving intellectual balance between rationality and religious texts. The research relies on a comparative and critical methodology and includes an exploration of the meanings of "moderation," "thought," and "reason" both linguistically and terminologically. It then discusses the interaction between Islamic thought and Western rational thought, particularly through the influence of currents such as the Mu'tazila and modern rational schools. In conclusion, the research arrives at important findings, among them: that reason can play a pivotal role in achieving a balanced understanding that combines rational interpretation and religious commitment, thereby enhancing its ability to face intellectual challenges in the contemporary Islamic context.

The Arabic short story is considered the master of Arabic prose literature, and this stems from its creative traits, as the writer expresses his inner emotions, thoughts, and human issues, and is more free; thus, the author employs the self-reference pronoun within it and its components are nearly challenging to identify;
because it is an artistic material that is rapidly developed and changed, and unity, multiplication, drama, focus, and the conclusion in the Arabic short story are what the writer's experience has bestowed upon it, and they are important; so that if an element of these traits is absent; it is not considered a story, and it is perceived as something different.

Praise be to God, and prayers be upon his chosen Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace. This is a useful research in which I have shown the importance of teaching in Islamic high schools and its impact on calling to God. I have divided it into an introduction and two requirements. Through the introduction, I have explained the meanings of the title’s vocabulary. I have defined teaching, impact, and calling in a linguistic and technical definition. As for the first requirement, I have shown the impact of the teacher in calling to God, clarifying some of the matters that our teachers should realize and work on in order to graduate an aware Islamic generation. Then I mentioned the second requirement and explained how to exploit the curricula and link them to Islamic advocacy ideas. The importance of this research comes from the importance of teaching in Islamic high schools due to its great impact on calling to God. This research aims to revive the spirit of belonging to the curriculum of the first teacher, may God bless him and grant him peace. It also aims to highlight working with the spirit of the job and its law together. Through this research, I have reached the importance of Islamic schools in the life of the Muslim community and individual. They are the means to create a Muslim generation that leads people to safety, and that the responsibility of calling is not limited to turbaned ones. Students of knowledge, and indeed everyone who knows a matter and understands it, is included within the field of da’wah and must convey it.

The research includes a study of the message of Sheikh Ismail bin Mustafa Al-Qunawi (d. 1195 AH), which is tagged: The capabilities of the Qur’an from the meanings of the Qur’an, not from the Qur’an, a study. The research consists of two parts, the first of which is made to introduce Sheikh Al-Qunawi and his message, and the second section, the verified text, that he is one of the few scholars. Those who wrote on the question of the capabilities of the Qur’an, and the letter also concluded that the most likely opinion is that of Sheikh Al-Qunawi. May God have mercy on him, since the capabilities of the Qur’an are among its implications and security.

Context is one of the most important indicators of meanings, and the sacred text—both the Qur'an and the Sunnah—was revealed within spatial, temporal, and situational contexts. For this reason, the scholars of Islamic jurisprudence (usooliyyoon) studied its implications with great care, as it has a direct impact on jurisprudential branches. This research aims to examine the significance of context, the instances where scholars cited it, the extent to which they relied on it, and how far context can determine the intended meaning of the sacred text. The research followed an inductive, analytical, and descriptive methodology, addressing the definitions of "implication" (dalaala) and "context" in language and terminology. It also explored related terms and examined the authority of analogy (qiyas) and the scholars' opinions on it. The research reached important conclusions, including that context comprises the factors surrounding the text that contribute to the formulation and construction of speech. It has linguistic elements as well as situational or evaluative elements. It is necessary to consider all contextual elements that determine the meaning of the text and aid in understanding it. Context is a universally accepted proof among the scholars of Islamic jurisprudence, and their texts collectively affirm its importance and validity.

The research highlighted the phenomenon of academic leakage is one of the most important problems facing the foundations of education in most countries of the world, if not all of them, and the phenomenon of academic leakage is a feature Where his concern about his future or in terms of harmony with the rest of the community, hence the seriousness of its results and its effects that inevitably apply to the student and his family and the environment in which he lives, and affects society in the form of a loss of human and material energies in the educational system.
The importance of research lies in improving the educational situation by identifying the reasons that contribute to school leakage, and developing educational policies aimed at solving the problem of school leakage, which enhances educational opportunities for students. And clarify the role of the family in presenting the student towards academic upgrading.
The desired goals of this research included several aspects, the advancement of the student's reality as an individual as the main pillar in the educational institution and the axis around which the orbit of education revolves, revealing the causes of the phenomenon of school leak The chapter, which leads to its leakage. Follow the researcher in the methodology of writing his research on the methodology of the subject unity. While the researcher reached the most important results from the research, the family has the effective role in preventing the process of school leakage from its children, in many aspects of them, including educational, related to the social, mental, and behavioral aspects of practices produced by the parents, and it became clear that there are many social factors Psychological and school combined that contribute to the low level of the student and his leakage.

Praise be to God, Lord of the Worlds, and prayers and peace be upon the Messenger as a mercy to the worlds, the Master of Messengers, our Master Muhammad, and upon his family and companions and those who follow them in righteousness until the Day of Judgment and beyond. Islamic law legislated for the benefit of society and aimed to preserve the five faculties, which are the preservation of religion, life, mind, lineage, and money, So God Almighty commanded to preserve it and not transgress it. God Almighty, imposed two punishments: a punishment in this world and punishment in the afterlife. Islamic law has not neglected to establish mercy in establishing punishments, which seeks to enhance justice and compassion in society, and the cruelty that comes from humans in their dealings. with others, and even in committing their crimes, Punishments were enacted out of mercy from God Almighty toward His servants, as, they emanate from the mercy of creation and the desire to do good to them.
The purposes of mercy must be taken into account to ensure the application of justice and fairness. If some limits show some severity within a narrow scope, it leads to broad and comprehensive mercy for the whole of society.
Among the objectives of the objectives of mercy are the establishment of justice and fairness, the preservation of order, stability and safety of society, the prevention of corruption and the occurrence of crime, the promotion of Islamic moral values, and from these objectives comes justice, the absence of doubt and suspicion, the correct application of punishments and the absence of extravagance in its application.
This indicates that Islam is a religion of mercy, justice, security, and peace, and the true Muslim is committed to the teachings of his true religion, contrary to what is promoted in the media about the harshness of Islam in its application of punishments, and in a way that differs from existing systems in the world.
The research was divided into two sections and contains demands. The first section: Definitions of the title, which contains four requirements: the truth of the purposes of Sharia law and its importance, the truth of mercy and its importance, the meaning of fulfillment, the truth of punishments and their wisdom. The second section: The purpose of mercy when fulfilling the punishments, and it contains three requirements: apostasy, adultery, drunkenness, slander, theft, and banditry. Conclusion. Sources

Today's markets in the world in general, and our country in particular, are witnessing economic fluctuations and disturbances in commercial transactions. Perhaps one of the general phenomena in this is the monopoly that occurs in the values of things and the disturbance in the prices of products. Perhaps the rise and exaggeration in prices prompts some to ask about the possibility of restricting merchants and owners of goods to specific prices and special transactions. The research derives its importance from people’s need for market stability as it meets the basic needs of the individual and society and is under the eyes of Sharia, because the absence of control over markets, goods, and prices increases the obscenity of the rich and exhausts the consumer. Thus, the importance of applying Sharia in the processes that regulate people’s lives is highlighted, so the role of the authority is to monitor markets, goods, prices, and the procedures that the authority takes in monitoring, including protecting the market from monopoly and fraud. And price control.

The research focuses on a specific aspect of the science of Hadith narration, which is "relative elevation" This refers to the pursuit of closeness to the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) in narration; the fewer the intermediaries between the narrator of the Hadith and the Prophet (peace be upon him), the closer the narrator is to him, and the likelihood of error or forgetfulness in transmission is also reduced. This may also pertain to seeking closeness to an Imam among the scholars of Hadith in narration. The importance of this research lies in distancing the chain of narration from points of weakness, as each narrator may potentially introduce flaws in transmission. Therefore, as the number of intermediaries decreases, so does that possibility, and thus, the elevation of the chain becomes a strength for the Hadith. This is why scholars of Hadith have taken great care in acquiring it, enduring hardships, and traveling to distant lands in pursuit of it. The objectives are to clarify a desirable and sought-after matter in the science of Hadith narration, as it involves closeness to the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) in narrations that are characterized by a reduced likelihood of error or forgetfulness.

Abstract:
This research addresses the issue of the dowry (mahr) in Islam, specifically regarding its specified amount or lack thereof, and the impact of naming it or leaving it unnamed in the marriage contract. The research also discusses the gifts given during the engagement and marriage contract, and whether a man has the right to reclaim these gifts upon the dissolution of the contract. Additionally, it explores whether such gifts should be considered part of the dowry. The research highlights that breaking off the engagement is permissible for either the fiancé or fiancée if it serves their interests, and that such gestures contribute to a life full of happiness and mutual affection. It further examines the issue of some fathers taking possession of their daughters' dowries and handling them, sometimes through coercion or exploiting the woman's modesty during the contract. The research presents the opinions of scholars regarding the dowry, gifts given to the fiancée, the reclamation of gifts, and the taking of dowries by fathers.
Engagement Marriage Contracts Possession Gifts Dowry

Psychological counseling is of great importance in schools because it seeks to achieve psychological and academic compatibility among students. Many methods have appeared in the field of psychological counseling, including Beck's cognitive method, which believes that the goal of cognitive counseling is to correct the thinking pattern of the client so that the image of reality is corrected in his view and thinking becomes more logical, which helps him solve psychological and educational problems. From here, the researcher embarked on the current research, which aims to know the effect of a counseling program using the cognitive reconstruction method in reducing maladaptive ideas among middle school students in Islamic high schools. To achieve the research goal and hypotheses, the researcher followed the quasi-experimental approach with a two-group design (experimental and control with pre- and post-test. He also built a maladaptive ideas scale consisting of (20) paragraphs after verifying the statistical properties of its paragraphs and confirming its psychometric properties (validity and reliability). Then, he designed a counseling program using the cognitive reconstruction method consisting of (12) counseling sessions and the time taken for each session was (45) minutes. To process the research data, the researcher used a group of From statistical means using the (SPSS) program The researcher came out with a set of results, the most important of which is that the guidance program had an effect in reducing maladaptive thoughts among the research sample. Based on that, the researcher came out with a set of recommendations and suggestions.

Praise be to Allah, Lord of the Worlds, and prayers and peace be upon His trustworthy Messenger, and upon his family and companions, and after:
This is a study on the ruling on engaging in the science of theology, which scholars differed on between those who permitted engaging in it, and those who forbade it, with preference between the two opinions.
The importance of this study is highlighted by the fact that it is a fundamental study that addresses a part that has been the subject of controversy, which is the legitimacy of engaging in the science of theology. There were opinions that prohibited engaging in it absolutely, and opinions that permitted working with it absolutely, and this study combines these opinions; to come up with a ruling that is close to the truth with evidence and the opinions of scholars.
This study aims to combine opinions that appear to be contradictory, by understanding the nature of the sayings and applying them to their occasions, and aims to condemn fanaticism for someone's saying, especially if the correct understanding of the texts of Sharia or the sayings of scholars is absent, or it may be interpreted in a way other than its context or applied to occasions other than those for which it was said, and thus this has a role in confronting contemporary challenges of atheism in the field of Islamic belief.
The research plan was divided into an introduction and two sections, the first section included: defining the science of theology and its origin, and the second section included: the doctrine of those who permit engaging in the science of theology, then those who forbid it, and the evidence of these doctrines, then weighing between them.
The study concluded that whoever ruled on the science of theology as permissible, looked at it from one side, and whoever ruled on it as forbidden looked at it from another side, and that the correct thing is permissibility with its controls.

The research addresses an important issue, which is: the questioner’s reversal of what the mufti had given him, and the effects it leaves on the rulings related to taxpayers in general, and the mufti and the questioner in particular. The problem of the research revolves around the questioner and the mufti, and the return of the questioner and his reversal of what the mufti had given him. The research revolves around questions: Is it permissible for the person who asked the fatwa to retract what the fatwa gave him? How much impact does this reversal have on the Mufti? To what extent does this reversal affect the questioner? What is the impact of this review on the fatwa ? The importance of the science of principles, as it is a solid pillar relied upon in rulings in general and fatwas in particular, shows the great impact this title has on the questioner in particular. This topic aims to show important rulings that have a major role on the mufti and the questioner, and shed light on the legal and psychological aspects that have a significant impact on the mufti and the questioner.