Journal of Alsalam University

The excuse (dhari'ah) is an action that appears permissible, but if there is a strong suspicion that it leads to something prohibited, it is prohibited. Since achieving the purpose or goal of something cannot be completed without means or methods that lead to it, the end result and the consideration of the means depend on what it leads to. As is well known, the means have the same ruling as the goals, so actions are judged based on the means they use, whether they are permissible or forbidden, according to the results those means lead to. The concept of dhari'ah, whether it is permitted or blocked, is fundamentally based on the consequences and careful consideration of the action. It takes its ruling according to what the outcome of that action will be, and the foundation of this judgment lies in the fact that the means lead to a specific end.

Drugs are one of the biggest challenges facing societies today. They not only threaten the health and lives of individuals, but also affect the structure and stability of society. In light of the exacerbation of this phenomenon, the role of the novel as an awareness and guidance tool has become more important than ever. Through narrative storytelling, literature can address young people, the group most targeted by drug dealers, by presenting stories, characters and events that reflect the reality of the world of drugs. In this context, the importance of the novel (White Tar) by the writer Maria Daadoush emerges as a model for a contemporary novel that sheds light on the issue of drugs and their impact on young people and society, through the journey of the young man (Kenan) as he narrates his harsh experience and how he transformed from a wonderful and committed young man - dreaming of becoming a famous media figure - into an addict, thief and drug dealer. The research reviewed the awareness messages broadcast by the novel by analyzing its narrative structure of textual thresholds, characters and events. The research demonstrated the novel's ability to enhance awareness among young people and adolescents through a realistic dramatic narrative style that made it an effective means of raising awareness of the dangers of drugs and building a healthy society. Drugs are one of the biggest challenges facing societies today. They not only threaten the health and lives of individuals, but also affect the structure and stability of society. In light of the exacerbation of this phenomenon, the role of the novel as an awareness and guidance tool has become more important than ever. Through narrative storytelling, literature can address young people, the group most targeted by drug dealers, by presenting stories, characters and events that reflect the reality of the world of drugs. In this context, the importance of the novel (White Tar) by the writer Maria Daadoush emerges as a model for a contemporary novel that sheds light on the issue of drugs and their impact on young people and society, through the journey of the young man (Kenan) as he narrates his harsh experience and how he transformed from a wonderful and committed young man - dreaming of becoming a famous media figure - into an addict, thief and drug dealer. The research reviewed the awareness messages broadcast by the novel by analyzing its narrative structure of textual thresholds, characters and events. The research demonstrated the novel's ability to enhance awareness among young people and adolescents through a realistic dramatic narrative style that made it an effective means of raising awareness of the dangers of drugs and building a healthy society.

The novel dealt with the most important issue in the countryside: the quest for the elixir of life (water) by the novel’s hero, who has an eccentric personality (Salem) and is called (Al-Qafir) the wanderer. The study deals with how the countryside is manifested in the novel through:
• Personality: That rustic who was born strangely and quests for water in a strange way
• The event and the surprises therein that lead the novel’s knots from tension to dissolution in the location of the event and the surrounding countryside
• Space and time: How do they impose their authority on the character to create a psychological time that tenses with the tension of the event and the movement of the character who searches for water sources in pursuit of life and agriculture?
• Finally a conclusion of the most important results of the study, followed by a list of the sources that enriched the study and the researcher

A shot is money or a thing that a person finds in a general place and time، and he does not know who its owner or owner is. This money may have a great value or have a little value. In any case، there must be principles and rules by which the captured money can be identified in order to reach its owner and owner.
Among the provisions of the snapshot is what is the most extreme of its provisions، which is delivering the snapshot to its owner. This is chieved by announcing the snapshot using modern means after finding it in various places in order to achieve access to its owner and return it to him. This process is called identifying the snapshot، and identifying the snapshot has principles and controls according to what is stated in Sharia law. Especially in Islamic jurisprudence، by presenting the legal and jurisprudential rulings that are consistent with the definition of the shot and the methods of using means to announce the shot

The League of Arab states, the first Arab Oroganization established in the modern and contemporary history of the Arabs، has been concerned with the issues and Conditions of the Arab Maghreb in general since its founding، Convinced of the depth of the Levant with the Maghreb and in confirmation of what was stated in its founding charter.
The contribution of the League of Arab States was very effective in defining. The Moroccan issue at the Arab, Islamic and global Levels in order to defend the rights of peoples exhausted bby Colonialism, as many important decisions were issued، including (forming the political and legal committee to discuss the affairs of the Maghreb) to study the problems of the Maghreb countries in various fields during its periodic meetings Therefore, we see that the presence of the League of Arab states had a significant impact on the Cohesion of the Moroccan liberation movements، as it is the voice and speaking tongue in defense of their Legitimate rights, as well as raising the spirit of enthusiasm among the national movements، embracing the leaders of their parties، and protecting them From the Policy of oppression and identification that colonialism applies against peoples and kings and the heads of state of the Arab Maghreb.

The Sunnah is considered the cornerstone of Islam, and one of its most important sources through which it derives its rules and rulings that it follows and demands. How could it not be since it is the interpreter, explanation, and clarification of the Holy Qur’an. You find in the Holy Qur’an many rulings that the Muslim demanded as a matter of assumption; But how to perform it was not made clear to him, and from here came the Sunnah, represented by the person of the Messenger of God, our Master Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, to make it clear through his words and actions, and among these provisions: (Prayer - Zakat - Hajj - and others). These were mentioned in the Holy Qur’an; But how, when and where it is performed is not clear.
When the enemies of this religion knew this great and great importance of the Sunnah of the Prophet, and that the Sharia is based on it, attacks and slander were directed at it, and people doubted it. So that after that, it would be easy for them to completely overthrow the Islamic religion.
If, God Almighty forbid, the Sunnah is abolished and its place in the honorable Sharia is no longer there, then the most dangerous and important part will be moved, which is the overthrow of all Islam. Because the transmission of the Sunnah is the same as the transmission of the Holy Qur’an, so if the slander of lying is attached to them - forbid them - this means that they lied in transmitting the Qur’an and Islam, so it has no value after that. Hence, Islamic scholars knew this malicious goal of these renegades, so they stood with determination and steadfastness and with disciplined scientific evidence before these criminals, and refuted all their malicious falsehoods. Among these great figures is Sheikh al-Islam Mustafa Sabri - may God Almighty have mercy on him - who wrote books and letters and explained the truth about Islam by challenging the Sunnah of the Master of the Prophets, Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him.
Hence the idea of research came to shed light on this blessed effort of an intrepid scientist.

Based on the traditional role of the father’s centrality and responsibility for his family members, the father’s presence or absence from the family environment, its atmosphere, and the course of its life often leaves effects and repercussions that change individuals’ behaviors and patterns, negatively or positively. This depends on the nature of this presence or absence. The father’s presence and coexistence may be positive and support the family’s progress and life. At the same time, it may be an overpowering negative presence that limits individuals’ self-realization. The same situation applies with regard to his absence or interruption from the course of family life. His absence may be... Justification required by the nature of family life, and it may be intentional and unjustified, taken by the father as a means of escaping from the reality of the responsibility placed on him. Whatever the case may be, the presence or absence of the father has repercussions and effects that seem severe in many cases, and may escalate into a problem that takes on varying dimensions in its severity, size, and causes. In this study, I will try to reveal some of the repercussions related to the problem of the father’s presence and absence, by extrapolating several fictional texts that sought to reveal and show it in a remarkable way, and perhaps for an intentional purpose in itself. This is within a general critical vision that starts from the limits of similarity, contrast, and differentiation of this problem, as presented by these fictional texts.

The book Fasih al-Bayan fi Tafsir al-Qur’an is considered one of the important and distinguished interpretations, as it combined the science of interpretation, grammar, morphology, rhetoric, readings, doctrines, and even logic, in addition to the fact that its author dealt with many semantic relationships in it: (linguistic differences, opposites, verbal cognates, and synonymy). , truth and metaphor); Which was worthy of being addressed in a research titled: (Semantic Relationships in the Interpretation of Fasih al-Bayan by Fasih al-Din al-Haidari (d. 1300 AH); in order to clarify these relationships and clarify their meanings and significance.
This study was organized into an introduction, a preface, and two sections. In the introduction, I dealt with: introducing Faṣḥ al-Din al-Haydari and his book, and the concept of semantic relationships. In the first section, I dealt with: the semantic relationship of the linguistic differences in Faṣiḥ al-Bayan, which included: (the differences linguistically and terminologically), and (the semantic relationship For the linguistic differences in the classical statement, and in the second section: I dealt with the semantic relationship of opposites in the classical statement, and included: (opposites linguistically and terminologically), and (the semantic relationship of opposites in the
classical statement), and then I concluded the research with a conclusion in which I explained the
most important results that I reached, Proven with sources and references.

A valuable message from the jurisprudential treatises that discuss the subject of tattoos. Many people in our time have been afflicted with tattoos, and it is common for women to use them as adornments at weddings, and even in adultery in order to lure men into women. So the scholar Muhammad bin Hamza, may God Almighty have mercy on him, addressed this issue with a jurisprudential message so that it may spread. Benefit, and let people avoid the wrong concept, and follow the path of scholars by mentioning their fatwas

Through a field study, the research deals with the role of satellite broadcasting in promoting the culture of citizenship, by surveying the opinions of students at Al-Salam University College, regarding presenting the foundations, principles and values of citizenship through satellite broadcasting in public and private, and it attempts to give an objective reading of the satellite media scene that is crowded with dozens of channels. Satellite broadcasting, each of which speaks with visual discourse and freely expresses ethnic national constants, especially citizenship. The research problem for satellite broadcasting was the interpretation of citizenship and its dimensions represented by awareness of the political affiliation of the Iraqi state, awareness of the authentic values of Iraqi society, and the social and cultural awareness of the individual.
The researcher used a random sample of 100 respondents and used the questionnaire as a tool for collecting data, the survey method for all information, and the use of cultural implantation theory. The research reached the following results:
1) The respondents used the mobile phone more than the television.
2) The large number of satellite broadcasts led to fragmentation of the audience.
3) Satellite broadcasting led to social cultural alienation.
4) Satellite broadcasting played its role in society to introduce citizenship, but each channel depends on its vision.

This research dealt with an objective study of the Qur’anic verses related to the word “heartbreak” that described the condition of the infidels in this world or in the afterlife. The research aims to prevent the Muslim from preventing what the infidels have fallen into, and the study extends to treating the remorse that Satan casts in moments of weakness of the Muslim as well, in times of weakness. Certainly to bring despair or sadness to the heart of the believer, and to cause harm when a calamity occurs, and since we are commanded to be patient, Many Muslims behave like infidels, and from this standpoint I wanted with this study to treat regret, whether it is the loss of a father, mother, son, money, limb, or any material or psychological calamity, and to prove its impact from what the Qur’an tells us, relying on the analytical approach. And the inductive approach to follow up and study it. In order to reach the most important results that serve the Muslim in his daily life, the Qur’an is educational, comprehensive, refines the soul, and suits Muslims and others on the condition of faith. The title of the research was: “The words of heartbreak in the Holy Qur’an and their impact on the lives of humanity.

This research includes defining the objectives of Sharia as an additional compound، by defining each of its parts linguistically and technically، then defining it as a title for this science، which is one of the branches of the science of the principles of jurisprudence، with mentioning selected definitions from the scholars of this science، ancient and modern. This research also deals with defining Imam Ibn Abd al-Barr، may God have mercy on him، highlighting his scientific status and the scholars' praise of him، and also sheds light on the book "Al-Tamhid" and the approach of its author in it. Then the research deals with the topic of preserving religion in terms of existence and nonexistence، with a statement of some of the applications of objectives related to consensus. And God alone is the guide to what is right، and He is the All-Knowing، the All-Wise.

The idea of the research is about what responsibilities you want to have in dealing with a person in terms of those responsible and the eligibility to take the necessary measures. Responsibilities are triggered by determining how to deal with the person who lacks capacity, whether the lack of capacity is for small species or a lack of awareness and will. It does not moderate its original text, which deliberately presents the idea of alcoholic intoxication and abuse, as the subject refers to the regulator’s legal capacity with reliable provisions.

Electronic payment methods are the latest stage in the development of the financial services sector, as they combine the latest technologies, innovations and tools with the services of the financial sector, as financial services are provided electronically, so financial transfers, withdrawals and deposits have been transformed to be done via mobile phones, and these transactions are done in a decentralized manner. These innovative tools of financial technology have become one of the biggest challenges facing the monetary system, especially the money supply, and their impact on the amount of money supply has become the subject of study and research. The current research addressed the study of the impact of the new electronic payment methods in Iraq, represented by wallets, electronic cards, points of sale, withdrawal points and payment via mobile, on the money supply in its narrow and broad sense, and what this impact shows of the need to amend the policies and strategies of the monetary system in Iraq is summarized in a set of recommendations reached by the researchers.

The current research examines strategic leadership as the independent variable, represented by (vision, human capital development, organizational culture, ethical practices), and its role in enhancing the capabilities of tour guides, represented by (mental abilities, physical abilities, linguistic abilities, social abilities), in several tourism companies in Baghdad, Iraq. The research sample consisted of 45 individuals, including department managers, section managers, and employees. To achieve the research objectives, a descriptive-analytical methodology was employed for data collection, analysis, and hypothesis testing. A questionnaire, consisting of 20 items, was used as the data collection tool. The data were analyzed using various statistical methods, including standard deviation, mean, C.V., R2, and B regression coefficient. After analyzing the data using the SPSS statistical analysis program, the research revealed a significant correlation and impact between the dimensions of strategic leadership and the capabilities of tour guides at the companies studied. The study concluded with a set of recommendations, including the need for the studied companies to adopt the dimensions of strategic leadership, which requires greater attention and awareness from managers and employees regarding the importance of the anticipated outcomes for the capabilities of tour guides

The current research tests information technology as the independent variable and its impact on hotel crisis management in several organizations in Baghdad, Iraq. The sample consisted of 30 individuals, including department heads, section managers, and employees. To achieve the research objectives, a descriptive-analytical approach was employed to collect and analyze data and test hypotheses, using a questionnaire as the data collection tool with 27 items. The methodology addressed the problem, clarified its objectives, and aimed to test its hypotheses. The study concluded with several findings, including a significant correlation and impact between the studied phenomenon, leading to important recommendations.

The binary root in the Arabic language is the origin of a word, consisting of two letters. It can be studied from two perspectives: acceptance and rejection. The conceptual and cognitive study of the binary root from the acceptance perspective views it as an essential and fundamental part of a word. This includes understanding the root as the core element that carries the original meaning of the word, which helps to determine various meanings. This perspective is of particular interest to linguists who focus on how meanings and concepts are formed through root analysis.

Civil liability constitutes one of the pillars of the legal and social system. Every rational person is responsible for his actions, meaning that he is bound by certain obligations towards others, the most important of which is not to harm them. If he violates these obligations, he is obligated to repair the damage and compensate the affected person. Civil liability may be opposed by some symptoms, and is considered force majeure. Among the symptoms related to the element of the causal link in civil liability, except that the sudden accident, the scope of its practical application is limited to contractual liability without tort, and this is what we clearly seek in the content of the text of Article (146) of the Iraqi Civil Code, while the field of application of force majeure, It expands to include both liabilities, contractual and tortious.
The subject of civil liability is one of the most important subjects of civil law, as through it the person responsible is determined. Damage cannot be repared without identifying the person responsible, and compensation for the damage cannot be required without a person bearing the consequences of his wrongful behavior.
As for the effect resulting from the occurrence of force majeure in both contractual and tortious liabilities, it is the complete expiration of the obligation placed on the debtor, and thus the debtor does not bear the responsibility for the damage entirely, because no obligation is impossible, while the occurrence of force majeure does not lead to the expiration of the obligation in civil liability. It is entirely contractual, but the judge is permitted or given discretionary authority to intervene after balancing the interests of the creditor and the debtor. It is decided to reduce the obligation imposed on the debtor to a reasonable extent, if justice requires it, and then all there is that the liability is distributed between the creditor and the debtor.
The reason for this lies in the occurrence of force majeure, which makes the implementation of the debtor\'s obligation absolutely impossible, while the occurrence of a sudden accident does not lead to achieving this result. Rather, it leads to the implementation of the obligation being attached to the debtor, such that its implementation threatens him with a huge loss without it reaching the point of impossibility.

Research: Narrations of the Companion Safwan bin Assal Al-Muradi
Praise be to God, Lord of the Worlds, and prayers and peace be upon the most honorable of messengers, our master Muhammad, and upon his family and companions.
Now then..
This research aims to highlight a great companion, namely: Safwan bin Assal Al-Muradi, one of the companions who transmitted and delivered to us the hadiths of the Messenger of God - may God bless him and grant him peace - and conveyed them with all honesty. The research began with a brief study of the biography of this companion, then I collected his narrations from the books of the Noble Prophetic Sunnah, and I stopped at ten hadiths from the path of this companion, I showed their graduation, and studied their chains of transmission until reaching a judgment on them. The researcher relied in his research on a plan in which the research is divided into an introduction, then a brief definition of the life of the companion, then two sections: The first section: Narrations related to Islamic rulings The second section: Narrations related to the unseen and morals, and the most important results, then I concluded the research with a list of sources, and praise be to God, by whose grace good deeds are accomplished.

One of the secrets of the Arabic linguistic theory is the existence of the phenomenon of (interpretation), and this phenomenon goes back to the equation that combines (the culture of the Arab) and (the characteristics of Arabic), and interpretation leads to the collection of (the meaning) from the verbal columns in their various forms, from verbs, nouns, and tools, and this phenomenon was found in the Sharia sciences, and was transferred to the linguistic view, and the meaning in the linguistic view has several levels, starting from the structure, and ending with the general context of the sentence, so interpretation sometimes comes to highlight the semantic images of the structures, and this research came: (Grammatical Interpretation between the Ancients and Moderns), to know the foundations of interpretation between the ancients and moderns, and I dedicated it to the grammatical level, explaining its reasons and purposes.

This study entitled (Madlul Aljanah in the Quranic Perspective) dealt with the verses in which the word sin appears with the letter Ḍammah. The study was divided into an introductory section in which I explained the concept of sin in language, terminology and context, and two main sections, the first of which was entitled The Meaning of Sin in Asking Permission to Enter Houses and Eat with People with Excuses, while the second was entitled The Meaning of Sin in Worship and Personal Status. Through the study, we concluded that the meaning of sin revolves around sin and embarrassment, which are the two main meanings that have a great impact in explaining the meanings of the verses in which it

The Department is considered one of the guides and sources of great importance in identifying the evidence and sources of approved Islamic legislation through which one can learn about the various provisions of Islamic Sharia, including the provisions related to financial transactions in which Islamic banks deal.
Therefore, I wanted to write this research to demonstrate the impact of the interest in devising this type of transactions, and I limited it to (the Murabaha contract) and (the lease contract ending with ownership). Because the space does not have enough space to discuss more contracts, and because these two contracts are among the most widely used contracts in Islamic banks.

The noble companions who grew up in the company of the Messenger acquired knowledge, wisdom, purification and benevolence, so they were bound by a delicate connection with him that no other connection could equal, rather it was a connection of sacrifice and attraction to him, imitating him in every action. Among those companions was the noble companion Abu al-Haytham Malik ibn al-Tayhan, Dhu al-Sayfayn (may God be pleased with him), and he was one of the first to precede, for he was one of the most noble companions of the Messenger of God (may God bless him and his family and grant them peace) who strove in the cause of God with the true striving, and he participated with the Prophet in all his battles and conquests, such as the Battle of Badr, Uhud, the Trench, and Mu’tah. After the departure of the Messenger .he accompanied Imam Ali He was one of his most prominent supporters who believed in his right to the caliphate. The Prophet testified to his words about him at Ghadir Khumm in many places. He participated with him in the Battle of the Camel and the Battle of Siffin and was martyred in them according to the most likely opinion in what historians mentioned about his death. His life was full of sublimity, elevation, exploits and glories. From here I saw it as a duty to revive the memory of this personality by following his news and mentioning his exploits.

The research dealt with revealing and studying the inclinations of the Iraqi poet and writer Badr Shaker al-Sayyab for women socially. He was not, as they described him, inclined toward women. Rather, he was looking for the mother woman who would give him the feelings he was deprived of. He suffered from orphanhood and loss twice, with the death of his mother and then the death of his grandmother, who took up space. Compassion and motherhood, so his experiences or inclinations for women were poetic and subconscious. Because his only feeling for women was poetry, and the women he was inclined towards were mother, grandmother, and wife.

In this research, I discussed Ibn Adel’s agreement with Al-Farra’ in the book Al-Lubaab fi Ulum Al-Kitab. After briefly mentioning their lives, I discussed his agreement through justification and clarifying his statement for those who did not understand it, and his agreement through his corrections, explaining and clarifying the content of his statement, in addition to corroborating his statement and supplementing it with the opinions of readers and interpreters, and justification. Refuting Al-Farra’s opinion and agreeing with him by responding to those who made him wrong.

Custom and habit constitute an integral part of Islamic law, and they greatly influence the formation of legal rulings. The flexibility of Islamic law and its absorption of social and cultural changes are largely due to the role of custom and custom in interpreting legal texts and applying them to contemporary reality.
Custom and custom contribute to making Islamic law flexible and able to adapt to temporal and spatial changes. Custom and custom play an important role in filling gaps that may not be explicitly covered by legal texts.

The research showed that those debts that do not generate returns, meaning that they are those debts for which it is decided not to add the calculated returns to the bank's revenues, but rather to avoid them in separate accounts
The aim of the research is to address the problem of bad debts in banks according to Sheikh Al-Fayyad's opinion, as well as how to address it according to economists, because this problem hinders the work of banks, so their liquidity is low and their economic projects cannot be completed.
The problem of the research lies in the procrastination of debtors and their failure to pay the debts or their inability to pay the remaining amount to banks, which is a problem in itself; because it constitutes an obstacle to banks in their inability to open projects due to the lack of liquidity, and the reason is due to the procrastination and failure of customers to pay their debts. In this research, we address this problem legally according to Sheikh Al-Fayyad's opinion so that banks can benefit from the opinions of scholars and the proposed solutions in this regard.
The importance of the research lies in presenting the legal treatment according to Sheikh Al-Fayyad's opinion for the problem of non-payment of debts in banks, and knowing this treatment for the problem presented in the research is nothing but removing it from banks and opening the door for them to complete their various projects.

In Islam, God made complete perfection a path and a method through which we fulfill the commands of God Almighty and through it reach our need and goal of a free and dignified life in this world and the hereafter. However, humanity has striven throughout its long history to find another path by which it can reach its goal, but the result was disappointment and loss. Therefore, God’s rulings were upon us. The application is binding, not only because our happiness is in it, but also Because our misery in this world and the hereafter lies in departing from the rulings of God. This is the result that every fair, rational, and wise person comes to when studying any of the rulings of God Almighty.

The research came to study social fears among male and female students of the Department of Physical Education/Al Salam University College and included five sections. The problem of the research is that most individuals who suffer from social fear have a strong fear of being embarrassed in front of people. It aims to know the level of social fears among students of the College Department. Physical education, depending on the variable of gender and stage.

Scientists have always controlled the various sciences with controls، especially in the science of principles، and the objectives of Sharia are an inseparable part of it. Just as rulings are not proven except by reliable evidence، the purposes of Sharia are also not proven except by reliable evidence، and there is no room for deducing them based on whims and tastes، but rather to transmission and what is due to it. Because they are the objectives of the wise law، it follows that they cannot be recognized except through it. There are several ways in which the objectives of Sharia law can be identified and through which the researcher learns about the controls for its implementation.
In this research، I have dealt with these methods such as induction، the legislator’s statement، the absolute command and explicit primary prohibition، the legislator’s mention of the reason for the ruling، and the Companion’s stipulation of a matter that it is among the purposes of the legislator، silence. The Law، with the absence of an impediment and the presence of a requirement for the action، the original objectives، and the arrangement of the result and outcome on the action and made it based on eight requirements.