magazine aldhakwat albedh

In the Quran, there are many verses describing the manner in which the wicked will be gathered on the Day of Judgment and led to Hell. In two previous studies(2), I discussed some of these ways, including: the groups (fouj) and the crowds (zomra), both of which describe the gathering in terms of numbers. Additionally, the verses describe them as being gathered in a state of deafness, blindness, and darkness, all of which pertain to their condition or state. This research aims to explore two additional descriptions of the people of Hell mentioned in Surah Maryam (peace be upon her). These are: « Jiththian» (kneeling), which refers to sitting on one›s knees, and «Sowq» (herding or driving), which refers to leading them in a state of thirst, walking individually.
The study clarifies the meaning of « Jiththian» in the two verses in which it appears, explaining the reason behind this form of gathering. Similarly, it explains the meaning of «Sowq» as it appears in the verse, along with the rationale for herding them in this manner. Both methods of gathering indicate submission in humiliation, disgrace, and torment.

Humans are naturally inclined toward love and passion from their earliest moments. Love touches their deepest emotions and feelings, which are channeled into words, phrases, gestures, or whispers. For some, these feelings may transform into novels or poems, carrying within them the hidden treasures of love, enveloped by the pleasure of passion and the pain of deprivation. The beloved is both near and far, giving life and death in the name of love. It is like both disease and cure.
The poet Ziad Al-Obaidi (*) is considered a symbol of sad love, as he engraved with his brush paintings that encompassed feelings of sadness and separation, unleashing them on the recipient, touching the soul and emotions—the feelings we have lost in the tumultuous paths of our lives. This research aims to uncover the hidden meanings of sad love that permeate his poems (*) and to examine their aesthetics.
And its connotations are explored through a reading of selected examples of his poems laden with feelings of love and sorrow, and an analysis of the creative visual, imaginative, rhetorical, and expressive elements found therein. Following the summary, the research is built on a structure that forms his system, as well as a conclusion in which I record the most important findings I have reached.

This research explores the literary and personal relationship between the two great Iraqi poets Marouf al-Rusafi and Muhammad Mahdi al-Jawahiri, and how this relationship was manifested in al-Jawahiri’s life and poetry. This section reviewed the poet al-Jawahiri’s poems in which he mentioned the poet al-Rusafi, and analyzed them in terms of subject matter, language, and poetic form.
One of the most important goals of this research is to contribute to documenting an important stage in the history of modern Iraqi literature, where Al-Rusafi and Al-Jawahiri were among its most prominent pioneers. The research sought to highlight Al-Rusafi’s position in modern Iraqi literature by revealing his status with a poet of the caliber of Al-Jawahiri.
Our study of the nature of the relationship between the two poets prompts us to explore the depths of this relationship by examining the news and poems in which Al-Jawahri expressed his feelings towards Al-Rusafi, as it became clear to us that this presence was not just an imitation or a passing influence, but rather was an intellectual and literary extension that reflects the continuity of poetic generations. In defending the nation›s crucial issues, Al-Rusafi represented an integrated national poetic school, the principles of which were evident in the poetry of Al-Jawahiri, who shouldered the responsibility of expressing the people›s concerns and aspirations.
We have seen how Al-Jawahiri was clearly influenced by Al-Rusafi’s approach in raising social and political issues, because the poet Al-Rusafi was rooted in the conscience of the poet Al-Jawahiri before appearing in his poetry, and one of the manifestations of that presence is the poet Al-Jawahiri’s demand - in many cases - to do justice to Al-Rusafi in word and deed, in addition to the Al-Jawahiri poems filled with love and intense emotion that the poet Al-Jawahiri wrote. In Al-Rusafi during his life, and after his death, with his commitment to conveying reality in its honest image, away from affectation and politeness. However, this presence was not at the expense of Al-Jawahiri’s poetic personality, but rather it was a source of inspiration that pushed him to present his creativity in his own style and unique spirit.
Thus, it can be said: Al-Rusafi’s presence in Al-Jawahiri’s poetry is the presence of thought and a poetic school, united in its national and humanitarian vision, as it emphasizes the effective role of poetry in educating society and defending its just causes.

The Andalusian Arab civilization and culture had a clear and direct impact on Christian Europe, which accepted it with all its sciences, knowledge, traditions and names, and this is what we notice clearly in their lives. Because Andalusia is one of the countries that came under Islamic rule for about eight centuries from the conquest to the fall of Granada* (92-879 AH), a civilization was established in it that included all aspects, especially civilization in its various types, which the Christian Spaniards and Europeans adopted from them,
which reflects to us the civilizational legacy that Arab Spain (Andalusia) imposed on Christian Spain and the neighboring countries - after the end of Islamic rule in Andalusia in the year (897 AH), and its fall at the hands of the Kingdom of Castile and Aragon, the Andalusian cities became under the new rule, which tried in various ways to erase Any Arab-Islamic effect or influence, but despite all these political circumstances, the social and cultural influences remained rooted in the society that includes a homogeneous and different mixture of all classes, for example, the continued use of Arabic vocabulary in their social life, and this is what we have shown in the folds of our research, and we talked in our research about the aspects and civilizational influences that are divided into customs and traditions and what remained used by the Spaniards, and the cultural civilizational influence which is the most important because through it the Spaniards and Europeans learned the sciences and knowledge of the Arabs by Arabizing the books into many languages, and this was with the encouragement and support of the Spanish kings, especially the kings of the Kingdom of Castile despite their extreme religiosity and their inclination towards Catholicism, in addition to its bishops, students and teachers (Muslims, Christians and Jews), who took it upon themselves to carry out this great work, employing all their capabilities to accomplish it, and the Andalusian (Toledo) School, formerly the Spanish School now, became one of the most famous schools in that period To Arabize and draw from these sciences, which reached Christian Spain after the fall of Andalusia in the year (897 AH - 1256 AD), and the translated books were in the scientific, philosophical and religious aspects (Sufi line), and all of this is due to the Arab Andalusian influence on the Spanish kingdoms first and Europe second.

The research dealt with an important topic of the Qur’anic sciences, in which various works were drawn in different periods of time, and the pens of the authors combined it with study and writing, which is the topic of faces and counterparts in the Holy Qur’an. Al-Suyuti was one of the scholars who classified a very important book in this science However, he differed from those who preceded him by calling this science common terms. The research focused on them, explaining them and showing their linguistic and contextual significance after he shed light on Al-Suyuti’s approach in his book (The Battle of the Peers) and explaining what is meant by common terms and the division of scholars regarding them and how Al-Suyuti treated them..

The tax policy of the Fatimid Fatimids is an indispensable topic for clarifying the economic activities of the state, and knowing taxes and their systems. Because Islamic economic thought can be applied contemporary at any time and in any place because of its connection to the established Islamic doctrine, which should be reflected in various economic activities. The Fatimid rule included Morocco, Egypt, the Levant, the Hijaz, and Yemen, and through these taxes, the Fatimid state was provided with financial resources. It helped in managing economic life and financing armies and conquests. Among the most prominent imports of the Fatimid era were tribute, commercial and agricultural taxes, tribute, confiscations, and other resources. Expenses in the Fatimid state were also numerous and varied between special expenses for the palace and military expenses.

This research reviews the Orientalist reading of the role of the Islamic nation in political thought, with a focus on its role in choosing the imam and the caliph and the extent of the influence of social factors on this political role. It also shows how the Orientalists approached the Islamic nation through cultural and political lenses that were often distorted as they lacked objectivity. The research focuses On the influence of Western policies in shaping Western perceptions of the Islamic nation, as it was depicted as a disintegrated group unable to establish a modern political system. On the other hand, the research highlights how Islamic political thought shows the strength of the social and political unity of the nation, including The role of Sharia in directing its affairs. It also discusses the social and cultural influences that contributed to shaping Orientalists’ perceptions of the nation and proposes solutions to correct these perceptions that reduce the ability of the Islamic nation to adapt to contemporary challenges without diminishing its ancient political and intellectual heritage.

The research aims to identify the methodology of Al-Shareef Al-Murtadha. The personality of Abu Al-Qasim Ali bin Al-Hussein, known as Al-Shareef Al-Murtadha, is a symbol of knowledge and science, who is considered a towering peak of the peaks of Imami jurisprudence and at the forefront of those who had great efforts in the field of comparative jurisprudence, jurisprudence and its principles, theology, literature, grammar, poetry, the meanings of poetry and language, and other things. He had dialogues with scholars of other Islamic sects, through religious and jurisprudential debates with them. His methodology in the principles is based on rational evidence, and from here he does not differ with the Ash›aris only, but also with the people of the apparent from the Imamis. He did not work in jurisprudence with a single report, and he benefited in deducing rulings from verbal and rational fundamental evidence, and this is what distinguishes him from the Hadith scholars and Akhbaris from the Imamis. He has many writings in many of the sciences of his time, such as theology, jurisprudence, principles, interpretation, divine philosophy, astronomy, and sections of literature such as language, grammar, semantics, composition, poetry, and the like. He has writings in the field of Islamic doctrines and the comparison between them and the views of the Imamis. The most important of these writings is the book Al-Nasiriyyat, which is considered one of the works that reflected the brilliance of Al-Sharif Al-Murtada, as he was a skilled and unique professor of his time.

The current study aimed to identify cognitive insight and its relationship to professional competence among social studies teachers in the intermediate stage. To achieve the study objective, the descriptive correlational approach was used. The study sample consisted of (124) male and female teachers, (48) male teachers and (76) female teachers teaching social studies in the intermediate stage in the Qadisiyah Education Directorate/Shamiyah Education Department. To achieve the study objectives, the researcher prepared two tools: the first: a cognitive insight scale consisting of (30) paragraphs, and the second tool: a professional competence scale consisting of (50) paragraphs. After verifying their psychometric properties, the researcher applied them to the study sample. The results of the study showed the availability of cognitive insight and professional competence among social studies teachers - the study sample - and the results showed that there is a strong statistically significant correlation between cognitive insight and the availability of professional competence among social studies teachers - the study sample.

A mother's abortion of a deformed fetus or one resulting from adultery. A comparative study between Imami jurisprudence and Iraqi law.

Lexical significance in the book Explanation of the Differences of Languages by Sheikh Muhammad Ali Al-Asfour (1350 AH(
The Research Sheds light on the manifestations of the production of lexical significance in the book (Explanation of Differences of Languages) by Sheikh Muhammad Ali Al-Asfour. We sense the impact of the Holy Qur’an in explaining lexical significance, the impact of the saying of the Infallible, peace be upon him, in explaining lexical significance, the impact of usage in explaining that significance, and the diversity of usage traced to it. In explaining the lexical significance between poetic use, dialect use, jurisprudential use, and verbal and philosophical use, the research also included a brief introduction about the life of the author of the book Explaining the Differences of Languages.

The impact of heritage on contemporary culture is an important and multidimensional topic that can be analyzed by studying the influence of various aspects of heritage on the development of modern cultures. This influence is manifested in multiple aspects such as literature, art, language, social customs, and thought, and represents the literary and artistic heritage Through contemporary works that are inspired by traditional themes and ancient style, but present them in a modern way that suits the era, and we can see this in Arabic literature, where stories, proverbs and sayings are derived from heritage and are used in contemporary novels, and that many social customs and traditional rituals are still practiced in Contemporary societies, even with the changes witnessed in daily life, and these customs, such as national and religious holidays, traditional costumes, and folk dances It remains part of the community›s identity and reminds individuals of their origins and cultural roots. In many modern cities, heritage and modernity are combined through architectural designs inspired by traditional styles, with the use of modern technologies, and this integration between the old and the new appears in the use of traditional decorations in modern buildings or drawing inspiration from designs from traditional architecture while preserving the requirements of the era. Heritage remains one of the basic elements that form the cultural identity of countries and societies, and despite the changes occurring in societies, it still greatly influences contemporary culture through literature, art, customs, and even intellectual challenges related to authenticity, modernity, and others

Countries are like a person›s birth, upbringing, youth and old age, and the Mongol Empire did not deviate from this rule. They established the largest empire known in history, with its military forces, their extensive conquests, and the extension and breadth of the lands that they controlled, while the Islamic world was in the stage of the emergence of the Mongols divided into a group of states. The kingdoms, some strong and others weak, fought with each other and did not appreciate the danger of the Mongols, Despite the military strength of the Mongols, they lost several battles before the Battle of Ain Jalut, in which the Mongols were defeated in the year (658 AH/1260 AD). The research attempts to review the battles that the Mongols lost before this battle and analyze their causes and consequences. These battles should not be exploited for the benefit of the Muslims and stop their advance on the world. Islamic.

The research aimed to highlight the role that social media contribute to developing journalistic skills and expanding the scope of media coverage. We relied on the use of the descriptive and analytical approach. On the theoretical side, we used the descriptive approach that works to clarify the variables of the study, in addition to using the analytical approach in the field study because it works to analyze and link the results. The research used a questionnaire form as a tool for the field study, and the study population represented workers in the media field in Iraq. The study found that there was a strong, statistically significant positive correlation between social media and expanding the scope of media coverage at a significance level of 0.05. It was found that there was a statistically significant positive effect of social media in expanding the scope of media coverage at a significance level of 0.05. It was found that whenever the level of social media increased by 1%, the level of expanding the scope of media coverage increased by 0.607%. Therefore, the study recommends working to increase Iraqi journalists’ awareness of the importance of using social media efficiently and effectively. Working to encourage Iraqi journalists to develop themselves through training courses and programmes.

Cultural programs on television channels are witnessing a significant decline, causing them to lose their cognitive function. This decline and marginalization came as a result of the dominance of social networking sites in the media scene and the acquisition of the following of the public who were following cultural programs and interacting with them. This problem requires an objective review and a bold assessment of this problem, which is what this research attempted to approach and address by surveying the viewpoints of university and literary elites, as they are the qualified body with the awareness and cognitive capabilities to issue evaluation judgments, diagnose defect points, and propose treatments concerned with the research problem. The research consists of a methodological framework, a theoretical framework, and an applied study. The survey method was adopted, while the tool for collecting information was the questionnaire form. It ended by presenting conclusions and recommendations.

The purpose of the current research was to investigate the effect of transformational leadership on performance and satisfaction of employees with mediating role of organizational commitment, work stress and burnout. The method of the current research was descriptive from correlation type with path analysis approach. The statistical population included 800 employees of al-Mustansariyeh University of Baghdad, that 260 of them were selected by simple random sampling using Cochran›s formula. To collect research data, six standard questionnaires of transformational leadership were used that are: Bass & Avoila (1997), organizational commitment by Allen & Meyer (1990), work stress by Hellriegel & Slocum (2000), job burnout by Maslach & Jackson (1981), work satisfaction by Smith & Hulin (2010) and work satisfaction by Patterson (1990). The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed and the reliability of the tool was confirmed using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient in a preliminary study for questionnaire of transformational leadership 0.90, organizational commitment 0.83, work stress 0.87, work burnout 0.88, job performance 0.91, job satisfaction 0.88. Data analysis was done using Pearson›s correlation coefficient analysis and path analysis in SPSS and Lisrel statistical software. The results showed that the correlation of transformational leadership, organizational commitment, work stress and job burnout with the performance and satisfaction of employees, is significant. It was also found that the effect of transformational leadership on the performance and satisfaction of employees with the mediating role of organizational commitment, work stress and job burnout it is positive and meaningful.

This research aims to identify the United Nations and its role in promoting homosexuality in Islamic countries by clarifying the concept of the United Nations and the concept of homosexuality as an introduction to this research and through the problems and major risks caused by the United Nations to the Islamic community, as the United Nations created a group of manifestations of change that made this concept linked to daily life in all economic, social, political, cultural and other aspects, and through modern technologies that negatively affected the Muslim citizen, so the United Nations played its role through its powers in imposing its opinions on countries, and among these countries are the Islamic countries through a group of decisions issued by them through which they can intervene in these countries. Keywords: United Nations, homosexuality, the role of the United Nations in spreading homosexuality.

The research aims to identify the effect of the imagination strategy on the achievement of physics and future thinking among first-year middle school students. The researcher adopted the experimental research method. The sample consisted of (70) first-year middle school students and included two groups: the experimental group, numbering (35) students, studied physics using the imagination strategy, and the control group, numbering (35) students, studied physics using the traditional method. The researcher prepared two research tools: the first (achievement test) and the second (future thinking questionnaire). The two tools were applied to the research sample and the data were collected in order to analyze them statistically and extract the results, which resulted in statistically significant differences at a significance level of (0.05) between the averages of the experimental group and the averages of the control group in achievement and future thinking, in favor of the experimental group. and recommended a number of recommendations including developing physics curricula in all educational stages by including the imagination strategy and including the physics book with activities and exercises that help to Stimulating future thinking among students, and suggested conducting several studies, including studies similar to the current study in other subjects, at different levels, and in other dependent variables.

The current research aimed to identify Personalization among university students. To achieve the goal, the researcher decided to use the personality scale prepared by (Al-Zubaidi, (2021). The scale was applied to a stratified random sample consisting of (100) male and female students selected from the student community of the Middle Technical University. After applying the research tool, the data were collected and analyzed statistically using appropriate statistical methods using the statistical package (SPSS). The results showed that the research sample had Personalization at a low level and there were no differences in Personalization according to the gender variable (males, females).Based on the results, I Providing recommendations and suggestions.

It is clear to all people that a person’s biography in external reality and the characteristics that characterize his personality are a true, realistic and inevitable reflection of his thought, culture, moral values and religious principles. If we assume that a person’s biography, characteristics, values, and principles are consistent with what wisdom requires, theoretically and practically; He will be an example in which the concepts of virtue are embodied, and thus he will become a model to be emulated in thought, behavior, and values. Indeed, his ideas and values may be studied and taught. Because it represents a beacon and a platform that enlightens every human being guided in the paths of darkness. Because of this, it has great consequences on the social and intellectual levels. Among the human individuals in whom the meanings of wisdom are embodied, in every sense of the word, is Lady Al-Zahra (peace be upon her). That is why she was the Lady of the Women of the Worlds, an example to be followed in her guidance and behavior, whether in the house of her father (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family), or in the house of her husband (peace be upon him), or at the level of thought, belief, and morals.
Hence our research came under the title (Wisdom in the Biography of Wise Men and Their Attributes) “The Life of Fatima Al-Zahra as a Model,” through studying history and biographical books, which dealt with the details of her honorable life, according to the inductive, analytical and descriptive approach.

Sa›id Bin Jubayr knew that he was an innovator and an interpreter of the Holy Qur›an, but his efforts in the Quranic readings did not shed light on it in a wide and clear, find his readings in the books of language and interpretation in the case of other readings, but he did not receive that great attention as he is one of the founders of the schools of readings and its inception, And the scientific impact of the schools in their diversity, especially the school of readings, he is a scholar of the great interpreter and jurisprudent and reading history books.
The reading of Sa›id Bin Jubayr has had a significant impact on the books of the meanings of the Qur›an and its commentaries. His name has been mentioned frequently. Those who have cited their readings are mentioned explicitly and mentioned in some cases. To reject and respond, has been mentioned some of the readings that were unique by Said Bin Jubair as well.

The research showed that the purpose of the Surah is to clarify the Day of Judgment by depicting the seconds of its conditions in its beginning and its end, and dividing people into survivors and lost ones. The Surah depicted the scenes of the Day of Judgment in an accurate depiction and the conditions of people and creatures in it, and then clarified the fate and reward of the saved, and the outcome and punishment of the lost ones.
The importance of the research lies in the question of ignorance with which the Surah began, striking the ears and making the hearts anxious and eager for what will be explained about the calamity. This suspenseful style that began with asking about it or telling about it in three ways makes the mind of the listener ignited, experiencing the atmosphere of the Surah from its beginning to its end, and increases faith in the Last Day in the heart. Depicting the first scenes of resurrection with people being like scattered moths, and mountains being like fluffy wool, establishes the belief in resurrection in souls and strengthens it, and plants fear in souls and knocking in hearts, which prompts people to prepare for that day and work for it.
The research addressed the division of people on that day into two groups, a group whose scales are heavy and will have a pleasant life in Paradise, and a group whose scales are light and will have the blazing Fire. These are the facts that people of faith believe and trust, and that people of polytheism and hypocrisy deny. The research concluded that man should not be deceived by his strength by contemplating the state of the towering, solid mountains that become like fluffy wool that is blown away by the weakest breezes.