The islamic college university journal

Abstract:-
This letter referred to the structure of the personality and the artistic and aesthetic techniques of the writer Ibrahim Sabti in his two novels, “The Palace of the Fox and Descendants of Fantasy.” The storyteller and novelist Ibrahim Sabti adopted the method of (self-vision or internal vision). According to this method, the narrator will be knowledgeable as much as the character he is speaking knows. Through it, which will participate in the course of events and their course
The main character in the novel The Fox Palace was not the admirer of this star who became a threat to his life, but rather the admirer was his brother who was martyred in a car bomb explosion.
As for the novel “The Descendant of the Imagination,” the pronoun “I” was the main character and took the focus of the entire narrative.
The use of the character's internal monologue in both novels was one of the writer's distinguishing marks.
Marginal characters had a role in formulating the novel's narrative, which effectively contributed to developing and consolidating the events and structure of the internal and external novel plot.
The novelist succeeded in making the two novels play an influential role in shaping the novel’s architecture, through his movement through the novel’s paths, basements, and alleys through its characters, by describing the novel as a distinct residential and human area, with its edges branching out, its area expanding, and its characters and titles expanding according to the requirements of the event.
Likewise, the multiplicity of characters and faces experienced by the hero of the novel “The Fox’s Palace” (Muhammad Al-Nasiri) created a state of tension, follow-up, and an aesthetic relationship between the writer and the recipient.

Abstract:-
The First World War in 1914, with participating of most European States, caused large economic damages in Europe. After the President of the United States of America announced Non-Aligned in the war and no to interfere with it, this led to a major crisis to the United States of America due to the cessation of all its exports to Europe, especially after the French and British fleets besieged the German coasts which affected the exports of the United States of America that became concentrated in Britain and France. This was one of the reasons that made the United States of America retreat from the decision to be neutral and participate in the war

Abstract:-
The Al-Fadl tribe, and in particular the Al-Muhanna family, is one of the Iraqi Arab Rabia tribes, whose clans extended between Iraq and the Levant, and which had a prominent role on the political and military scene during the Mamluk era, and played a political role. This research dealt with its political and military role and stated On the introduction and several axes, the first was its role in the emergence of the Abbasid Caliphate in Cairo, the second was its military role in its jihad against the Crusaders and Mongols, and the third was its political role in the Mamluk state, then the conclusion, a list of footnotes, and a list of sources.

Abstract:-
This comparative study aims to investigate the theme of love in two different stories. The first is an Arabic story entitled “To the Thief”; it is a part of a short story collection written by Mahmood Taymoor “The neighbourhood Fluet Player”. The second is a European story, “The Poor Maria”, and it was originally written in the Russian language by Mikhail Vasilyevitch Lemonosov in 1805. This story is considered to be one of the writer’s distinguished prose that was published for the first time in the ninth issue of the Russian Language Sciences Magazine. Despite the difference between the two stories in terms of the language, context, time and place, they both share the moral of love; specifically the stratified love and all the elements and problems related to it, which are clarified in the analysis section. Furthermore, the study seeks to investigate the content and structure of both stories.

Abstract:-
The artistic form of the poem or poetic pieces has been important to the poet since ancient times, the pre-Islamic Arabic poetry is ancient; Arab poets in the emergence of pre-Islamic poetry were interested in the artistic aspects and poetic industries, as a poetry office called the Annals emerged at that time, and this issue indicates the importance of form in pre-Islamic literature. However, we must not forget that the word or form is not independent of the meaning. A look at the crystallization of important political meanings and the emergence of major political events in the modern era has reconsidered the form by researchers, and this issue has become of great importance for conveying these important political contents and themes. In light of this importance, this article seeks to study the manifestations of artistic creativity at the linguistic, rhetorical and grammatical levels in two of Mahmoud Manaf al-Moussawi's political poems. The study aims to reveal the mechanisms and manifestations that the poet invested in conveying his dangerous contents. The result concluded that the poet used rhetorical aspects at the rhythmic level such as the abundance of voiced letters indicating intensity and repetition contributing to embodiment and emphasis, and at the grammatical level such as the use of the origin of communication, dialogue and verbal sentences, and at the textual level such as intertextuality, and at the rhetorical level such as metaphor and the employment of important models and symbols to convey his political contents in the era of the rule of oppressors in Iraq to his private and public addressees. The preferred method used in this study is the descriptive-analytical method.

Abstract:-
The study aims to identify both the category of used substance and the semantic map and the semantic techniques in BBC Arabic and MBC Iraq. and to achieve research objectives, the study relied on a qualitative approach through content analysis, By applying to a sample of 5 programmes distributed on MBC Iraq with two programmes and 3 programmes on the BBC Arabic Channel, the study found that the category of material used in the directed channels was the talking proportion (39.47%), ranked second by 35.52%, followed by third by portage by (25%), and the results showed that the semantic map used in the oriented channels was the use of borrowed images in proportion (19.38%), second place was the use of supportive senses (18.77%), followed by third place the use of deficiencies by (18.29%), the study also found that the most prominent semantic techniques used in the oriented channels were the method of perception in proportion (67.21%), second place was the use of words or compositions of religious inheritance in proportion (17.47%), followed by in third place the central word/keyword in percentage (15.5%), the study suggested that researchers should verify the impact of visual and textual elements by studying how it constitutes a combination of visual and textual elements in youth-oriented media channels.

Abstract:-
The research aimed to demonstrate the impact of organizational terrorism with its dimensions (internal terrorism, management terrorism for employees, terrorism among employees, terrorism directed at the organization) on the employee’s silence with its three dimensions (silence of submission, defensive silence, social silence). A sample of the ready-made clothing factory in Najaf Al-Ashraf was chosen as a field for research according to an analytical study approach, including the selection of the research sample, which was represented by workers in the ready-made clothing factory in Al-Najaf Al-Ashraf, which amounted to (100) workers. The research hypotheses were chosen using a set of statistical methods and through the analysis program. The SPSS statistician used the questionnaire as the main tool to collect the necessary data and information from the research sample The research reached a set of conclusions, the most important of which is the possibility of accrediting a ready-made garments factory in Najaf Al-Ashraf, the research sample, the dimensions of organizational silence, the pursuit of encouraging employees and raising their morale, discussing opinions, and keeping some information as confidential and not subject to public discussion, which increases understanding of organizational terrorism and improves their communication and communication skills in the organization. The research concluded with a number of recommendations, the most important of which is that senior management should confront all the threats it faces and try to seize the opportunities it receives so as not to shake people’s confidence in it. In order to get rid of organizational silence, it must pay attention to the opinions and suggestions of employees and encourage them to present them by laying the foundation, creating dialogue, and exchanging ideas in conjunction with constructive criticism of ideas and information.

Abstract:-
The semantic consistency is one of the features of the general textual consistency, and the research in the consistency of the general text does not stop at the study of verbal linking tools, but goes beyond them to other linguistic means, such as semantic relationships, and modern text scholars have considered semantic consistency of important textual values that achieve text coherence, and its coherence, and their names for this term have differed, and there are many between: semantic coherence, semantic coherence, coalescence, plot, coupling, these terms meet, and are fully related to the linguistic meaning that indicates coherence and consistency. From here, the research will stand on the semantic relationships that would give the text the characteristic of coherence at the overall textual level at its semantic level, noting that the approach used in this research is the descriptive analytical approach.

Abstract:-
This research emphasizes the importance of rejecting and invalidating the distraction theory which is one of the charges leveled against the Holly Qur'an that it believed that the Arabs are capable to bring something similar to the Holy Qur'an, but God Almighty has distracted them from that, and they differed about the meaning of the distraction, some of them said that God Almighty took away their reasons to bring something similar to Holy Qur'an, some said that God Almighty took.

Abstract:-
The issue of power and objection to it remains one of the most important political phenomena, as power, with its power, is the subject of aspiration and appropriation, which calls for objection to its behavior, political organization comes as a basis for social cohesion and political structure in the organization towards reaching power, and in submitting objections to the practices and behavior of the authority through the constitutional and legal frameworks, Islam has been concerned with the issue of objection to the behavior of the authority and dealt with it within the legal framework that includes the political practice.Freedom.

Abstract:-
There is no doubt that each method of interpretation has challenges and disadvantages that make it difficult and arduous to obtain the desired results, and may make the interpreter's work truncated or sterile. The first step to solving these important problems is to know these challenges and disadvantages accurately, so that in the second step we can prevent them, by observing the general or specific terms and conditions.
Scholars of interpretation of the Holy Quran and research related to scientific interpretation, which is considered a modern method to clarify the meanings of the Quran, have made every effort to identify the challenges and disadvantages of this method and to think about addressing solutions for them. Among these scholars, we can mention Ayatollah Javadi Amoli, who addressed this issue through his Quranic research. He revealed valuable contents in this field. This article is nothing but a study of the views of this researcher in this field. Ayatollah Javadi Amoli believes that the weakness of foundations and assumptions, the limited human knowledge, especially in the field of experimental sciences and in understanding scientific verses, the neglect of abstract knowledge sciences to prove Quranic conclusions, giving originality to sense and experience as a criterion of knowledge, the belief in the necessity of experimental sciences in all matters, and the acceptance of single news are among the most important challenges in the way of explaining the verses related to the ontology of the world.
Based on this, and in view of the challenges mentioned above, it can be said that the professor's point of view is that experimental sciences are unable to explain the scientific verses of the Holy Quran in a comprehensive and complete manner, because the meaning of the speaker cannot be discovered by relying on sense and experience without referring to abstract sciences, definitive proof, and divine revelation, unless we are aware of the ways to treat the mentioned afflictions and challenges, then we can reach an acceptable scientific interpretation of the scientific verses of the Quran.

Abstract:-
The media strategy is a vital tool in enhancing national security and addressing various security issues, significantly contributing to shaping public opinion and building a cohesive societal awareness capable of confronting security challenges. By providing accurate information, countering rumors, and promoting transparency, the media strategy strengthens the relationship between security institutions and the community Modern and traditional media play a key role in spreading security awareness and combating extremist ideologies through the use of social media platforms and interactive channels to deliver targeted messages quickly and effectively. Additionally, media can help reduce panic during crises by providing accurate and balanced coverage that focuses on solutions rather than amplifying events In our study, we adopted the descriptive-analytical approach and concluded with several findings, the most important of which is that the media strategy plays a critical role in disseminating facts and accurate information about security issues, contributing to countering rumors and minimizing their negative impact on societal stability.

Abstract:-
The novel is considered one of the arts that allows other literary genres to interact with it through the expression of the human values it contains and its ability to depict emotional states, self-inclinations, and the movement of characters in a specific space. It allows narration with the narrative effectiveness it displays in its concealment of the significance and aesthetics of the narrative text. There are dimensions that it addresses. The narration is in a distinctive poetic style that is not related to the text, but rather goes beyond it to that external part of it, represented by the social, emotional, psychological, and even subjective contents.
In light of the above, this research addresses the idea of the textual interrelation between the novel and the play by focusing on a specific model, which is the novel (Arabkha) by the Iraqi writer Saad Al-Samarmad, as this novel was distinguished by its textual interrelation with literary genres, including the play, and this is what we will stop at through our research.

Abstract:-
Digital literature represents a significant evolution in postmodern literature, blending traditional literary forms with emerging digital technologies. This interdisciplinary field explores the intersection of literature, technology, and interactive media, offering new modes of storytelling and artistic expression. The aim of this study is to analyze the impact of digital literature on postmodern literary discourse and its methodologies. By examining various forms of digital literature, such as electronic texts, hypertexts, digital poetry, and interactive narratives, we explore how writers and artists engage with technology to create immersive literary experiences. Through a comparative analysis of Arabic and English digital literary works, we uncover common themes, narrative techniques, and aesthetic principles that shape this dynamic literary genre. Ultimately, our study sheds light on the transformative potential of digital literature in redefining the boundaries of literary creativity and engaging readers in innovative ways. Analyzing its effects and artistic manifestations, and understanding the methods and techniques used in its production, in addition to the challenges and future prospects it faces.Our study concluded the importance of the transformative potential of digital literature in redefining the boundaries of literary creativity and attracting readers in innovative ways, taking into account that the wheel of development does not move at the same pace between Western and Arab literature. The research framework was literature in general and post-modern literature in particular, with a focus on the impact and influence between Western and Arabic literature and the clear difference between them, with an overview of Arab experiences, especially in contemporary Egyptian literature.

Abstract:-
Travel was considered an economic necessity for the Arabs before Islam, and after them the Islamic state that was founded by the Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him. Travel was not limited to that, but rather entered into all areas of life, as Muslims and their jurists were interested in it in all ages, especially religious trips during the Hajj season to perform the duty imposed by God on Muslims in the Holy Quran. Muslims were also interested in scientific trips after the expansion of the Islamic state east and west. Jurists were interested in administrative affairs, including the judicial institution whose rulings are based on the Holy Quran and its interpretations, and listening to the hadiths of the Prophet, peace be upon him, and knowing the correct from the false, which made jurists travel to Mecca, Medina, Baghdad and Damascus in order to scrutinize and examine to know the authenticity of the hadith they hear. Among the travelers I was exposed to was the traveler Ibn Battuta.

Abstract:-
This study takes the concept of masculinity as social power as its pole by questioning the Iraqi poetic text.
By describing the archeology of Arab and Iraqi culture in particular, it is characterized by being more patriarchal and masculine than other societies, as this authoritarian system in Iraqi society was transformed into individual and collective behavior believed by both parties to the conflict, man/woman, which was passed down through generations and led to the rooting of the culture of prohibitions on women, which resulted in a masculinity tendency that enabled us. Men are domineering, and therefore poetic discourse stopped to confront the social institution that placed men over women. The study came to shed light on the manifestations of this power in Iraqi poetry through two axes: the first is the power of the margins and the emotional marginality of the center, and the second is masculine centrality.

Abstract:-
Jurisprudential trends differed in defining the concept of the contract. Some of them believe that will is the basis for carrying out legal action, and others go towards achieving doctrinal balance and doctrinal justice, linking it to achieving the public interest and the possibility of reconsidering any of its stages.
Here, the contract and its general theory moved towards development through the legislative guidance of the contract, as a result of several transformations and changes at various levels, thus departing from the traditional perception that had dominated the contract. The talk began about its generality and sociality.

Abstract:-
Surah Al-Kawthar has attracted the attention of commentators and scholars since its revelation, due to its brevity and the presence of the word "Al-Kawthar" and its manifestations. These interpretive opinions have received significant interaction among narrative exegeses. What is noteworthy in these exegeses is the explanation of the meanings of "Al-Kawthar" and the mention of its applications. In this study, we sought to examine the comparative narratives and interpretive statements in narrative exegeses, provide a brief overview of what has been mentioned, and then evaluate all these meanings. This article utilizes descriptive-analytical methodology and the scientific approach to extract these statements and narratives from the exegeses and sources of both sides. The result of this research indicates that all these statements can be integrated as examples of a single concept called "abundant goodness." Therefore, Al-Kawthar refers to any goodness that Allah has bestowed upon His Messenger (peace be upon him).

Abstract:-
The research leads to the study of the aesthetics of repetition in the poetry of Anwar Al-Attar, and Astknah motives and monitor patterns of repetition and their impact on the formation of poems poet Anwar Al-Attar, as well as knowledge of the mechanisms that relied on Attar to express his own experience has relied on the research on the analytical technical approach, in order to analyze the structure of repetition in his poetry, which is on the types of letter, word, phrase and statement of their positions in his poetry. The repetition of those structures had a clear impact in the acquisition of some of his poems, a rhythmic dimension, and a musical timbre, contributed to the rhythmic structure in general, and achieved some of its semantic purposes that the poet tried to express and deliver to the recipient has required the nature of its division into two sections and then the conclusion.

Abstract:-
There is no doubt that seeking help from experienced people has become widespread and indispensable in matters of life, economics, and politics, and in resolving disputes and disputes. The importance of resorting to experienced people has increased at the present time in resolving many cases and lawsuits filed in criminal courts. The judge cannot decide on these cases and issue a ruling on the accused without revealing the circumstances of the crime, knowing the cause of death, the machine by which the crime was committed, and other information related to the crime, by assisting experienced people and specialists in collecting existing criminal evidence. At the crime scene and analyzing it with modern equipment and advanced scientific methods that they rely on to detect the crime, such as autopsies, fingerprints, or blood stain analysis, etc., especially after the scientific progress that has become exploited in carrying out many crimes, and the use of modern methods and means to erase the features and traces of the crime.
This article came to study an important aspect, which is the extent of the authority and legitimacy of relying on experts, and taking their statements and reports by relying on advanced scientific methods from the point of view of Islamic jurisprudence, so that it is a considered means of criminal proof for the judge.

Abstract:-
The narrative text is considered a text built according to a special stylistic system, and this specificity has made researchers, past and present, discuss it for a long time, criticizing, explaining, and describing it based on the data of structure, image, and formation, as well as the determinants of collocation and becoming. Hence, the poetic text is a text that is capable of interpretation and manifestation, and enters into the process of creation. Formation is two parties without a third, the first is the poetic ego and the other is the recipient. During the process of interaction, astonishment occurs and aesthetics are achieved within the fictional text and the novel as the most comprehensive and present type of all literary themes.

Abstract:-
This research aims at the features of personality in the poetry of Abu al-Atahiya, who died in 211 AH, where he came with an introduction, a preface and three sections. Each section deals with different poetry from the other in personality. The first section talks about the personality of the praised, where we show the description of the personality of the praised summoned by the poet, and the qualities that he calls him from generosity, courage and piety, which shows the recipient the image of the praised. In the second section, he talks about the personality of a woman, any woman mentioned by the poet in his office, a lover, wife, sister, or mother, with the mention of the qualities that he called her to draw her personality in the mind of the recipient. In the third and final section talks about the personality of the Mahjo, where we show the description of the poet of the person Almhjo of images satirical of his form and temperament and lineage and stinginess, and then clarified the conclusion and results and also mentioned the list of sources and references.

Abstract:-
The meditation on the lives of the great gives the soul energy to continue to improve its qualities, and to take the reasons conductive, as well as to know the places of tall statures, especially if these great people on the pages of history who were favored by God with the grace and kindness of infallibility of the capabilities that were available in their souls, and how not to be so, which is the personality of Maulana Ali bin Abi Talib (may God's prayers be upon him), it was to invoke the personality of Imam Ali (peace be upon him) in Arabic poetry throughout the ages and eons varied in form and content, and many of the Personal traits in topics related to Imam Ali (peace be upon him), and accordingly the title of my research (psychological features of Imam Ali (peace be upon him) in the poetry of Ahmed Al-Waeli analytical study) and includes this study of concepts related to psychological features in a detailed theoretical framework, then diversity by mentioning the psychological features of Imam Hammam and Assad Al-Dargham in the poetry of Al-Waeli, who was still saying by repeating the mention of Ali (peace be upon him) in more poems and publishes his love and longing for his distance from his master Ali bin Abi Talib (prayers of my Lord It is clear from his poems that he is one of the most poets of the study of the statement of the features of the personality of Imam Ali (peace be upon him), As well as mentioning psychological, social and political features in a direct and indirect way.

Abstract:-
The Egyptian administrative judiciary is a part of Egypt's judicial system and is responsible for resolving administrative disputes between individuals and government entities. The Egyptian State Council is the judicial body overseeing administrative judiciary matters, comprising various administrative courts, with the Supreme Administrative Court being the highest administrative judicial authority.
The legitimacy of the administrative judiciary is based on constitutional and legal provisions that ensure its independence and the necessity of its respect by all state authorities. The Egyptian constitution guarantees judicial independence and impartiality, reinforcing the legitimacy and importance of the administrative judiciary's role in protecting citizens' rights and ensuring the rule of law.

Abstract:-
After the Messenger joined the Supreme Companion, the nation turned and split into currents and parties with different desires and goals, and the main goal was to take over the presidency under the name of the caliphate with the knowledge of those parties and with the certain image of who appointed the caliphate and the leadership of the nation with evidence, proofs and honorable hadiths, so those parties were diligent in removing Ali bin Abi Talib About leadership positions first, and work to obliterate everything that indicates his right to the caliphate and the leadership of the nation secondly, so the exclusionary policy against Imam Ali began since the establishment of the caliphate state, and the higher leaders were striving to exclude him from every virtue that belongs to Ali bin Abi Talib And punishing him, and the matter did not stop to this extent until the nation’s scholars began to follow in the footsteps of the ruler and the princes in excluding him and pushing him from his virtues. Ibn Hisham had the greatest share in excluding these virtues by various means.

Abstract:-
Artificial intelligence is a field related to computer science that can bring about very broad changes in information technology. It is clear that benefiting from and exploiting artificial intelligence depends on the data extracted from it. In this regard, this raises the question: Is the data obtained from artificial intelligence buyable and sellable or not? The authors of this research have tried to discuss and answer this question on the basis of the descriptive and analytical approach. The results of the research indicate that such content is considered the holder of the right, and the right has the ability to be bought and sold. Therefore, it seems that such data can be bought and sold. It should be noted that the argument presented by the authors of this research regarding the sales component suggests reforming and reviewing the relevant legal articles.

Abstract:-
One of the important issues in the interpretation of the Qur’an is to extract the general purpose of the Surah and discover its main axis, which has been of interest to some Qur’anic scholars for a long time. This method primarily seeks to discover the main and secondary objectives of the Surahs, and then, by discovering the connection between the context of sentences and verses, it attempts to draw the secondary objectives, and in a higher space, the general purpose of the Surah. Surah Al-Ma’idah is one of the Surahs of the Qur’an and has purposes that reveal to us many divine knowledges and play a major role in acquiring Qur’anic knowledge. For this reason, it seems necessary to discover the structure of this Surah and its purpose in a deductive way. This research studies the context and purpose of Surah Al-Ma’idah in light of the descriptive analytical approach. The results of the research indicate that Surah Al-Ma’idah contains nine contexts, each of which seeks a purpose, but they are all based on the main purpose of the Surah, which is: “fulfilling the covenant and proving the issue of guardianship and accepting it.” This purpose is also consistent with the internal criteria for understanding the essence of Surah Al-Ma’idah. The connection between the beginning and end of the Surah, the beautiful names, repeated words and words that were used once, and the stories of the Surah are among the most important criteria for discovering the theme of Surah Al-Ma'idah, which is consistent and compatible with the contexts and topics of the Surah.

Abstract:-
The Holy Prophet (PBUH) faced the behavior of the polytheists in the family during the era of revelation and in order to guide them, he endured hardships and different circumstances and thus dealt with them with special management. This research, in light of the descriptive-analytical approach, studied the behavioral pattern of the Prophet (PBUH) in the family matter based on the order of revelation, using verses, hadiths, interpretations and related sources. The results of the research indicate that the Prophet (PBUH) at the beginning of the mission strongly opposed the killing of daughters and then confronted the killing of sons due to poverty and... And as he faced their reprehensible customs in marriage, divorce and the like after the migration, the behavior of the Prophet (PBUH) from beginning to end was sound, organized and gradual and it expresses the behavior of the personality of the Prophet, and today, this behavioral structure can be modeled and updated in confronting contemporary ignorance in the field of family.

Abstract:-
The importance of studying the place in the novel "Larin" of the "Hala Omar" is not only because it is scene in which juveniles are moving in which characters are moving, but also because they can often be a space that contains all the novels. The novel opens the doors to understand the deeper understanding of the literary text through personal analysis, symbols, narrative techniques, themes. This study contributes to developing cash and literary skills and provides valuable concepts on human experience. Where the place in the novel is a vital element that goes beyond as a framework for events, but is an essential part of the novel building. The open place gives a sense of freedom and adventure, while the closed place raises tension and suffocation. Places can be effective elements to express time shifts. Moving from one place to another can reflect the transition characters from time to time, which helps track the story of the story over time in the novel is a basic substrate contributing to the configuration of events, forming and evolutions, and the place can reflect time and atmosphere shows The mood of characters and its psychological condition, where an element reflects the deeper meaning exceeds the virtual dimension. This place in the novel is an essential element leading a brown and language function. The novel highlights the challenges of life and personal conflicts facing "Larin", which show its strength and glad to overcome these difficulties. One of the most important findings of the researchers that places contribute to creating excitement and suspense in the novel. Everywhere holds the possibility of new developments or unexpected confrontations, making the reader is excused to see what will happen later. We have adopted the approach of the approaches, which reveals multiple layers of meanings and information, which strengthens our understanding of personalities, events and basic topics in