The islamic college university journal

Abstract:-
This paper adopted the distinction between books (Maeani AlQuran) and books of interpretation, since each of them has an approach different from the other, and took the saying of Abu Jaafar al-Nahhas (d. 338 AH) as a starting point to demonstrate the verification of the aspects that he mentioned in the meanings of Qutrub (d. 214 AH), and I found that all What Al-Nahhas mentioned is true according to Qatrub except for two things: the rulings that are the matter of the fundamentalists, and the abrogated and abrogated.
As for the linguistic topics: phonetics, morphology, lexicography, and structure: sentences and styles, Qatrub demonstrated superior linguistic ability that he developed from his sheikhs and acquaintances of his time.

Abstract:-
Santarem is located near the mouth of the Tagus River in the west of the Iberian Peninsula near the Atlantic Ocean, and it is to the east of Lisbon, the current capital of Portugal. It was controlled by the Muslims around the year 95 AH/713 AD, and it continued to be ruled by the Muslims until it fell into the hands of the Christians in the year 542 AH/1147 AD.
However, this did not put an end to the conflict between the two sides, as the Christians of Portugal made it a center where their armies gathered to attack the cities of the Andalusian West, so Alkhalifa Abu Yaqub Yusuf bin Abd al-Mumin al-Muwahdi tried to lead a large campaign to recover it in the year 580 AH/1184 AD, and despite the magnitude of the campaign, only That it was unable to achieve its goals, so it opposite on the Almohad state, foremost of which was the killing of the Almohade khalifa and the defeat of his army, which paved the way for the Christian forces to seize many other cities, taking advantage of the state of refraction that afflicted the Almohade army and later paved the way for the Portuguese takeover of most of the cities Andalusian West.

Abstract:-
The educational system is one of the literary arts that has a great impact and it is highly indicative of the scientific situation of the different eras. To reach the conclusion that there are a lot of disagreements that have been monitored by critics about the origin of this poetic color, its types and pioneers, and this is due to its name above all, and if we know that the educational systems are completely different from the scholarly poetry, we can assert that the poet Aban bin Abdul Hamid Al-Laqi, He is the one who created this canon in Arabic literature, in addition to that we can say that there is no origin or root for this literary art in the resentful ages before the Abbasid era, and we will seek in this article to respond to important aspects of the articles that were published in this regard before, and finally we seek help God to guide us to the straight path.

Abstract:-
The study dealt with the research in the attribution in the book News and Tales of Abu al-Hasan al-Ghassani d. 315 AH by determining the meaning of (attribution) that we intend to single out in the book (News and Tales of Labi al-Hasan al-Ghassani) in the books of literature that we have relied on the news that is almost abbreviated to explain the word or the revenue of a witness and in return for that we find other news with a sophisticated narrative structure. Perhaps the book News and Tales of Abu Al-Hassan Muhammad bin Al-Fayd Al-Ghassani is one of the books that are classified among the anecdotes of the messages and includes a message containing 107 news narrated by Muhammad bin Al-Fayd Al-Ghassani from his sheikhs and then narrated by Muhammad bin Suleiman Al-Rabi, and applied the mechanisms of narration of all kinds as well as dealing with the synthetic and rhetorical construction in its smallest details.

Abstract:-
This research studies an important topics in people's lives which is the topic of belief and discourse that communicated by prophets and messengers. Those prophets and messengers followed a united method to inform their peoples ; as the source is one, He is God who sent messengers, missionary and warner. The prophecies were met with hardship and bitterness from their people. They were always shocked by a hard mind, and this obstacle represented by the influential people and stakeholders who do not want-in their opinion- that their interests be harmed, and they were patient and did not tire, even if the call was prolonged as it was with the prophet Noah whose call continued to a long time.
The prophets were often subjected to harm even it reached to murder, exile, displacement and torture and to kill their relatives and friends and fighting them economically and socially and boycotting them completely. The powerful used to make lame pretexts, including them that the followers of the prophets were among the poor and from the most ignoble of people. But, they were liars, as the powerful people used to followed the poor, and they did not the importance of those poor; where, the messenger had preached to them that they are the first to enter the paradise, and they are the source of sustenance.

Abstract:-
Among the ways of the Takfirists and those who follow the exclusionary approach and intellectual intimidation is the use of violence as a means of intimidation and deterrence for any who disagrees with them in opinion and belief, their weapon in this is the ruling by apostasy from the religion and departure from the religion of Muslims and similar things, such as laying false accusations and issuing unjust rulings against him. This led to permissibility of blood and symptoms, and violation of sacred things and taboos. From this standpoint, our research came to put dots on the letters by clarifying the legal position on these people and their corrupt doctrine that was established on the basis of intimidation, excommunication, exclusion, loss of life and violation of taboos and sanctities by revealing their plans goals, and falsification of the facts by using the rule of apostasy and condemn to disbelief of everyone who disagrees with them or violates their doctrine.

Abstract:-
The study lesson and stylistic analysis of phenomena in the poetry of Kamal Sabti, in order to clarify the factors the influenced the stylistic features of the poetry Sabti. And stand at the technical configuration tools in the poetry of Sabti. The Study applied the approach stylistic tool for the analysis of the adoption of the language that have helped in the study.
The research studies two phenomena: sophisticated in the use of construction of all types , and deletion.
The study showed a number of the most important results:
The threads level compositional lay in his poetry, he gave another, and resorted to deletion sometimes, and sophisticated in the use of construction of all types, and demonstrates that informed the poet language , has abounded examples Sabti cited by the level synthetic. The study recommended conducting other studies dealing with other apparent through the study of poetry Kamal Sabti.

Abstract:-
The purpose of the current research is to explore the relationship between the administrative decision-making process and the choice of residential location. The research problem is not adopting the stages of the administrative decision process in choosing the residential location. This negatively affected the selection of the inappropriate site, and finally the project failed.
The aim of the research was to test and measure the level of influence of the stages of the decision process in choosing the residential location. The study community was the Agricultural Directorate of Diwaniyah Governorate, and the researcher chose a sample of workers that amounted to (61). The researcher adopted a questionnaire on the questionnaire as a main tool for data collection, which included three axes, the first is general information, the second is an administrative decision-making process variable of seven dimensions, and the third is a residential location variable of six dimensions.
The researcher used the SPSS.Var program and the statistical methods in it such as percentage, saturation coefficient test, Pearson coefficient, and linear regression.
The researcher reached a set of conclusions, the most important of which is that the management of the research sample did not adopt the stages of the decision-making process in choosing the appropriate residential site through alternatives to the sites, which reflected on the failure of the project.

Abstract:-
There are different and contrasting views toward Muhammad Mahdi Jawahiri, which are classified into two main groups. The first view considers his work beautiful and having content, and thereby, calls him the king of poem, the greatest poet in Iraq, and the best Arabian poet, the latest classical poet. On the other hand, the second group of critics see him as a poet who follows and imitates the poets in the past. This article attempts to provide answers to these questions: Based on the critics’ views, what are the weak or strong points in Jawahiri’s poem? What is the truth of criticism in Jawahiri’s works and how much have the critics been able to analyze his poems successfully? This study assesses/evaluates the amount of Jawahiri’s success in his imitation and creativities through the analysis of views cast by his critics. The findings confirm that Javaheri is a pioneer in Arabian poetry and literature, and it concludes that the success of Jawahiri is not attributed to his innovation but his imitation in following the works of the past poets in Arab literature history. Despite following the classical form of the ode, Javaheri has successfully mixed it with the contemporary ideas and new ideas, in a way that he has been inspired by vertical poetry in order to address the majority of the events of his nation at his time, whether political or so forth. He has also attempted to follow the principles of modern poetry in creating the themes and content of his works. Hence, we could observe that although he has composed his poems in traditional style, he had many innovations in the themes. His poem is divided into three phases: crude imitation phase; this stage indicates the time, when he published his poems in the early second decade of 20th century until his trip to Baghdad and his entrance to King Faisal court. The second stage starts from the time of his entrance to King Faisal's court until the beginning of the fourth decade of the past century. However, the third stage includes his works published from the fourth decade to the end of his poetic life. Indeed, in my perspective, Javaheri is a school, where he has gathered the strength and sobriety of the past and the beauty of today.

Abstract:-
The history of rhetoric is full of a large group of outstanding scholars and thinkers who were credited with building this great science edifice. The follower of the history of Arabic rhetoric, discovers the efforts of a large group of them who had clear effects in shaping the features of this beautiful art. The process of forming rhetoric in the Arabic linguistic heritage has passed through a long series whose episodes begin with the completion of the Arabic language. Then these episodes multiplied and rolled in different phases, and various eras and passed through factors of strength and weakness till it stood up on clear limits and prominent features as shown by Al-Skaki in his book, 'key of sciences' 'Muftah al-Uloom'. This research is a modest attempt to discover the efforts made by our first scholars in developing the rhetorical lesson and control its sciences and terms. Besides this, to follow the efforts of the cotemporary scholars for renewing this science and developing it through their researches and writings and the attempt to discover their prominent role in this field.
There is no doubt, that every era has an intellectual and cultural color imprinted with its own character which distinguishes it from other previous and later eras. Some of our thinkers and scholars in the modern era used to direct blame and shortcomings from previous eras describing them unsystematic in writing, and sometimes as complex and ambiguous. The science that was mostly subjected to criticism and defamation in its scholars is the science of rhetoric especially, in its late eras.

Abstract:-
Popular beliefs are considered one of the elements of popular heritage, and it is the essence of popular culture and one of the sources of Arab poetic inspiration, from which poets derive some of their literary images. Therefore, it plays an important role in the experience of contemporary poets and in calling them to cultural values and standards, and despite facing popular beliefs and the challenges of the modern era, there are many literary examples in calling these beliefs. Research and disclosure are required. Therefore, this article, with its descriptive and analytical approach, has dealt with the study of contemporary poets' invocation of the manifestations of popular beliefs, aiming to reveal their implications and seek their aesthetics in enriching contemporary poetry. We sufficed ourselves with the study of poets employing the stories of “Aladdin and the magic lamp, the ghoul, the earth, and the olive.” This study concluded that popular beliefs have been mentioned in various places in contemporary poetry, and it is a phenomenon that tells about the personality of the poet and his culture. And they employed it for the purpose of their educational impact and because it revives the heritage of Arabic literature, just as the invocation of popular beliefs found in the stories of the land and the olive trees falters and confirms the historical identity of the people.

Abstract:-
This paper aims at defining restriction and parenthesizing in the grammatical and rhetorical lesson in order to discover the expressive traits of this style in the holy Qur'an. This research is limited to one of the ways of restriction which is by Negation and Exception. The paper aims at answering one question: How is affirmation is proved by negation through exception? What are the linguistic reasons that pushed the speaker to use this way and this style? Then, the paper also shows the difference in expression that is apparent in the Quranic use of this style.

Abstract:-
Judicial rulings are nothing but the product of the judge’s thought, and it is natural for some of them to be tainted by error, whether in the interpretation, application or assessment of the law. Therefore, the legislator gave the losing party in the case the right to use the methods of appealing the rulings if he felt that the decision was unfair to him for the purpose of placing the ruling under scrutiny by the court itself. issued by a higher court. However, in many cases, the opponent resorts to appealing judicial decisions and decisions, not because he believes that the ruling was unfair to him, but rather for an illegal purpose such as prolonging the conflict, exhausting his opponent and incurring additional expenses with the intention of harming him. Accordingly, it is necessary to search for ways to address it, and these methods are divided into preventive measures by which it is forbidden to achieve maliciousness in the appeals or in its procedures, and then prevent the occurrence of harm and these measures acquire their importance for this reason, which is to prevent maliciousness from occurring, but if the maliciousness occurred in the appeals and resulted in harm Here, this damage must be forced, and the best way to do that is through civil liability and compensation to the affected opponent, whether the damage was material or moral, as well as the imposition of a procedural fine that goes to the public treasury as a penalty for the appellant’s work on the judiciary by appeals or malicious requests that disrupted justice and drained time The effort and money hindered the judiciary from considering more important issues.

Abstract:-
With a thorough analysis of the seminal tafsir, Al-kashshaaf, we come across phenomenons that require more study and inspections. One of these phenomenons is the conflicts between his many viewpoints regarding one issue. At some point, al-Zamashkhari suggest a certain vocalization for an ayya from the quran, and then in a different situation, ignoring his own suggestion, he vocalizes the same ayyah in a different way. This conflict of opinions demands debate and reflection. Moreover, such conflicts shows the inconsistancy within the author, which itself leads to devastation of the reader's faith in author. Thus, the current article tends to analyse the conflicts in Al-zamashkhari's syntactic viewpoints, seeking to shed light on different aspects of this debate and help explain the word of God. The results show that the tafsir book, al-kashshaaf, is a versatile book of which the author does not belong to any of the syntax schools, and seeks to provide opinions in vocalization that would serve the meaning of the ayah the best even if they oppose the known rules of syntax. Thus we notice contradictions and inconsistencies in Al-Zamashkhari's opinions in regards to one issue which makes it hard for the researcher to accept the suggested theory.

Abstract:-
The province of Najaf has great geographical capabilities that help create various food incapabilities of various sizes, which in turn works to meet the province's needs for this type of industry, as well as the importance of these industries in achieving economic and social stability, leading to achieving self-sufficiency in food industries for the life of the population in the province. The research included a presentation Expanded on the most important natural, population and economic capabilities that the study area enjoys, and through its knowledge, the type of food industries that are commensurate with their nature and capabilities are determined. It turns out that they have a very large natural, economic and human wealth that can be exploited in many food industries. It meets most of its requirements.

Abstract:-
The era of Imam al- Baqir is considered one of the most accurate and sensitive Islamic era. The Imam witnessed the caliphs of Benu Umayyah falling one by one. This era was one of the most dangerous eras. Many Islamic sects were emerged that were most dangerous intellectual and social phenomena at that era. These groups were established. These groups were established at the behest of the Umayyad dynasty or with its support, according to reasons, the most important of which was support for the Umayyad rule. The parties fought among them most, which led to stopping the Islamic tide and deviating from its course to another course that had no any glimmer of light and awareness.

Abstract:-
The current research aims to identify (the difficulties faced by students of the history department in the application of electronic learning platforms) and in order to achieve the goal of the research, the researcher used the descriptive analytical approach, a research approach, and the researcher identified Karbala University and Al-Muthanna University as a community for the study. Looking at the previous literature, the research tool was prepared consisting of (26) paragraphs, which were applied to the research sample. In light of the research results, the researcher reached a number of results, the most important of which are the following:
Students in the Department of History in the Colleges of Education for Human Sciences / Universities of Karbala and Muthanna face difficulties in applying electronic learning platforms, with an arithmetic mean (3.236) and a standard deviation (1.362), with a difficulty rate of (64.72%). Related to infrastructure and technical support, the arithmetic mean was (3,295) and the standard deviation was (1.350) and the difficulty rate was (65.9%), the difficulties related to students, the arithmetic mean was (3.173) and the standard deviation was (1.374), and the difficulty rate was (63.46%)).

Abstract:-
I doubt that the subject of the conditions associated with the contract is one of the important topics that were and still enjoy a distinguished position in the positive legislation, and are the focus of the attention of jurists and researchers, and this importance has been increased by the new developments in our era of transactions, and the conditions contained in the contracts called for by those recent developments. , whether at the level of contracts concluded internally or internationally.
The obligations that arise from the contract are embodied through the conditions set that were agreed upon by the contracting parties, with the express or implicit will, as indicated in Article of the Iraqi Civil Code (131)that the contract may be associated with a condition that confirms its requirements or is appropriate for it or It has been custom and custom, while the second paragraph of the same article indicated that it is permissible to associate contracts with conditions that benefit one of the contracting parties or others, and it is obligatory that they are not prohibited by law or in violation of public order or public morals.

Abstract:-
The current research aims to know the components of the cognitive structures in the content of the social book for the first intermediate grade. The total number of its recurrences is (1360) components distributed over the first chapter (322) recurrences, as for the second chapter (177) recurrences, and what is related to the third chapter (377) recurrences, and for the fourth chapter (118) recurrences, and as for the fifth chapter (152) recurrences. sixth chapter(214)recurrences Facts outperformed the rest of the components in the aforementioned book as their percentage was (42%), followed by concepts (40%), then generalizations by (5%), followed by values (5%), principles (3%), then laws (3%), skills (2%), and followed by theories (1%), finally trends (0%).

Abstract:-
Religious and mystical anthropology is one of the critical approaches in anthropological studies. Anthropology Professor Javadi Amelie in the light of the Quran and the breath of the soul and spirit of man is the authenticity based Sadraee. Although the impact of self-neglect and does not reflect the status of the soul. The effects of their human dignity and virtue facts like knowing the names of God, the divine vicegerency, the power of conquest of the heavens and the Best created. The main points of criticism in anthropology professor Javadi Amoli famous stagnant Aristotelian definition of man as "rational animal." He believes that all human beings, even heathen and infidel Quran does not know the real man. Other conditions necessary for someone in the Quran "man" pose. According to the definition of the Quran is "living theologian". "Living" constitutes Genus that Vegetable and animal life and human comprehensive. And common equivalent is " rational animal " But last differentia, it is that theosophy preceded by theology. speech is necessary but not sufficient.

Abstract:-
The government of Imam Ali which the author named "Nahj al-Balagheh's government", has aspects of the concept of social contract, especially with Rousseau's coordinates, through the formation of the result of widespread appeals of the people. In the way of governance, it was formed with slogans in accordance with the characteristics of the "good governance" model, such as justice, accountability, and a reliable judicial system. To what extent the procedures are consistent with the requirements of this model in order to meet the requirements and finally control the crime It was evaluated with the criterion of "victim ram" theory as a critical theory of criminology in order to find out the accountability and effectiveness of effective criminal and non-criminal measures in crime control or, on the contrary, projection and criminal strictness. The results of this article, written in a descriptive-analytical way, show that the government of Nahj al-Balagheh, in the light of its belief in accountability to God Almighty, is in practice a model of good governance, especially in the field of economic justice and reducing the class gap and non-discrimination in the fight against crime. In addition to avoiding violence, he has been committed.

Abstract:-
Now adays stylistic studies possess a high place in linguistics and are regarded as a class of styles that mainly focuses on linguistic studies in text analysis.
Stylistics has paid great attention to the phonemic level and its role in producing meaning, due to the prestigious position that phonology has received in the light of modern linguistics.
Al-Sayyid Muhammad Ali Al-Adnani is one of the most prominent poets in Khuzestan Province in Iran. This research, through a descriptive-analytical approach, studies the literary style of Al- Adnani, relying on the musical structure at its external and internal levels.The results of research shows that in external rhythm the poet tends to use the most syllables and the widest space. As for the rhythm of the rhyme, the moving rhyme has an intense presence in the poet's divans because the absolute narration is consistent with the chanting nature of the poetry and responds to the poet's desire to communicate his voice to the recipient with the greatest degree of clarity. In the absolute letters, the voiced voices formed a dominant presence in the poet's poems, while the percentage of the whispered voices decreased.
As for the internal rhythm, the research dealt with repetition, pun (homogenization), and export. As for the repetition, we dealt with its manifestations, which are the repetition of the sound and the repetition of the word and the sentence. As for the extrapolation of the naturalization, we found that the imperfect anaphora and the derivational anaphora had an extensive presence. As for the export, the export in the poet's speech is one of the most rhythmic manifestations that formed an intense presence.

Abstract:-
(Letters of the Imams) a book compiled and prepared by its author, whose research sheds light on him and his efforts in the book, and puts it in the hands of the honorable reader. Al-Farji, it is upon him to classify the book in a more organized way, so he classified it and divided the offices according to the sequence of the imams, their covenants, and the events that took place in it, as in the offices of Imam Ali (peace be upon him), as he compiled it before and after the death of the greatest prophet (may God bless him and his family) and after his pledge of allegiance (peace be upon him).) and his assumption of the caliphate, and before that when he, peace be upon him, was excluded from the caliphate, and according to every person who wrote to him from an enemy or friend, loyal or external.

Abstract:-
Man's desire to survive and not end, combined with his longing for truth, made him feel curious about his future. This desire doubles when heavenly religions mention the world after death as one of their basic principles and lead their followers to this belief. Given the deep gap between the general idea of resurrection and its precise reading, the need to study the subject becomes clear from the perspective of two prominent figures in Sufism and Islamic wisdom, namely Ibn Arabi and Al-Malaasdra. The main question in this article is: What are the types of resurrection according to Ibn Arabi and Mullah Sadra, and how do we talk about their relationship to the human soul? In the descriptive and analytical approach of these two thinkers, the writer obtained five types of resurrection from the point of view of Ibn Arabi, and the four types of resurrection from the point of view of Al-Mallasdra. Below, they consider that the resurrection is compatible with the human soul in its awareness of the resurrection and also in its differentiation.

Abstract:-
One of the crimes against property is "aggressive possession". According to Article 690 of the Islamic Penal Code, the realization of the crime of aggressive possession depends on elements, the most important of which is domineering action or criminal behavior that leads to the usurper's usurpation of immovable property without the permission of the owner. Article 690 of the Islamic Penal Code is the legal pillar of this crime, which is one of the longest articles of the Penal Code; There are many differences about the dimensions of this material, which is necessary to examine its hidden dimensions. One of the issues that has been neglected by the experts is the investigation of whether the criminal behavior is proven by the omission of the act, so that finally the crime of aggressive possession can be established and the punishment applied against the perpetrator, or whether it is only by the external positive act of possession and usurpation. Is it elementary? The current research has tried to use the descriptive-analytical method and with the benefit of library resources to investigate the possibility of criminal behavior with the act and omission of the act by examining the related legal materials.

Abstract:-
For centuries, writing remained a land colonized by men, who monopolized the pen as a tool for him to exercise his sovereignty over the text and extend his authority over terminology and meaning, until women practically emerged from the stage of storytelling to the act of writing, speaking and making their voices known.
She expresses her truth and characteristics in herself, thus transforming from a mere linguistic subject into an active subject, which adds a new and different voice to the language, a voice that opens a door that has remained unified for quite a while. Women’s employment of writing and their practice of written speech after a long life of storytelling and confining themselves to the pleasure of speaking alone, This means that we are facing a qualitative shift in the issue of female disclosure, as the man is no longer the one speaking about her and disclosing her truth, as he did over successive centuries, but the woman has begun to speak, articulate, and publicize her disclosure using the pen, which remains masculine and a masculine tool. Do you wonder if language imposes its transformation on... woman? Or is there room in language for femininity as opposed to authoritarian masculinity?

Abstract:-
Islam constituted a factor in the continuity and superiority of the countries of the region in earlier periods of the history of the Middle East over the rest of the countries of the world, and since sociology, as defined by specialists, is one of the human sciences, and it is the science specializing in the study of human society in all its types and sects, with the aim of knowing the nature and characteristics of each society. Sociology studies the behavior of groups and their systems, the lives of individuals within them, and what is the nature of the relations between its members. Ages, sometimes referring to their worship rituals and others referring to the nature of the religions that they embraced and were prevalent among them, and other verses referred to their Islamic urban monuments and places of worship and their symbolism for them. Also, several verses are addressed that indicate in their content how the inhabitants of the Middle East adhered to building various places of worship and mosques, where the contact of cultures was fertile in a special capacity in the religious field, as well as what the Sumerian and Egyptian theological buildings contributed to in the formation of the monotheistic religious structure, i.e. the idea of God. The one legislator and organizer of the universe and the supreme judge of good and evil, which was transferred in the monotheistic dualism to between (the believer and the unbeliever). : ((Indeed, the first house set up for people was the one at Bakkah, blessed and a guidance for the worlds)) Al-Imran: 96, and what is described as the ancient in another verse ((And let them circumambulate the ancient house)) Hajj: 29, i.e. Since ancient times, this house has been a house of worship and obedience to God In this region of the world, and for this reason, this brief study seeks to display and explain the verses of this specificity within the requirements of this research.

Abstract:-
The Rubaiyat of Khayyam is one of the most famous rubaiyat in the world. It has been translated into many international languages which indicates the extent of its impact on the human and global affection (feeling). Here we are trying to shed light on two personalities who were influenced by the ideas and philosophy of Omar Khayyam, which led them to despair and pessimism. Thus, it was the cause of their suicide. We mean the Arabian writer Tayseer Sboul and Persian writer Sadegh Hedayat. In the beginning, we try to talk about Omar Al- Khayyam and his philosophy of death and life, extracting this part from his many thoughts, as it believed that it had an impact on the two writers' suicide. Then, we will try to discover how true this belief is.

Abstract:-
The issue of anthropomorphism is one of the most prominent verbal topics dealt with by scholars of Shiism, and they had multiple opinions in this regard. We notice that both Sunni and Shiite theologians reject the idea of anthropomorphism, but there are those who believe in this idea. Among them is Ibn Taymah, one of the pillars of Ahlus-Sunnah and Wahhabi thought. And some of the Sunnis were trying to soften the matter and justify the matter, as Ibn Tayma himself was denying himself the idea of anthropomorphism; However, his thoughts proved that, and this belief is what has been known in history as embodiment.

Abstract: -
Contracts exist under different headings in Islamic banking system. One of them is Ja'ala. Ja'ala is a jurisprudential transaction that is introduced as one of the specific contracts in Iran's civil law. Nowadays, unlike in the past, which was used exclusively for partial affairs such as lost items, the legal practice of Ja'ala is used for production, trade, and service activities such as building highways, opening letters of credit in relation to foreign trade, issuing bank guarantees, offering bonds and company shares, repairing buildings and so on. Therefore, it is necessary to give an appropriate answer to the questions and needs of the current society by fully understanding this legal establishment rooted in Islamic jurisprudence. Using analytical and descriptive methods, while investigating the nature of Ja'ala jurisprudentially, this research has investigated the executive instruction of Iran's bank Ja'ala contract. According to the result, the Ja'ala nature is disputed in terms of being a contract or unilateral obligation or considering the performing of an action to deserve the reward. A bank ja'ala that takes place preparing a contract between the bank and the customer is devoted to the contract. The bank can provide services with its customers in the role of an agent or forger and, conclude a secondary contract if necessary. The interest that the bank receives from customers through the ja'ala does not have any problems in terms of usury if it is in the form of action forgery. This interest can be justified in the form of fee for finding the agent or monitoring the good execution of the contract in secondary ja'ala.

Abstract:-
The need for interpretation and interpretation came to reveal the Qur’anic truth, depending on the nature of the text in which it is flexible, which makes it interact with reality in every time and place. Because it is the eternal message that is valid for every time and place, so as long as the Qur’an is the final message, it was not created for a time without others, so it has the ability to multiply readings; Because it is soft and tender that does not fathom its depths, and the frequent consideration of it only increases its glow, for it is, although it is fixed in its utterance, but it is moving in its connotations.
This is in addition to the difference in the origins of interpretation, the origins of belief, the rules of jurisprudence, and the researcher's passion for the sciences of the Qur'an and contemporary Qur'anic studies.
And that the entrance of the sciences of the Qur’an into interpretation had a clear impact on the difference in revealing the Qur’anic truth, which is the main purpose of interpretation in most of its definitions. And the general, the specifics, the people, and the abrogated

Abstract:-
Some Ahl al-Sunnah wal-Jamaa’ah claim that the actions of the servants are of the first type, as they did not originate from them by choice or will, rather they are all by the will of God Almighty, which does not lag behind. That is the decisive judgment on His justice, Glory be to Him, on this one hand
Others claim that the actions of the servants are like the second, and that they are independent in their movements and dwellings, but they only lack the continuity of life and power from God Almighty, and they do not lack a new cause for survival, but the first cause is sufficient in the survival of ability and choice for them to the end.
The Imamiyyah claims that the actions of the servants are like the middle theory is that theory - the matter between the two things.

Abstract:-
Surah Al-Qara'a Al-Mutakoon, which is one of the ten verses, is one of the most important verses in the Qur'an in terms of composition, composition, melody, and rhetorical images. And the division of the slaves according to the deeds, the matter which is on the side of the recitation, creates an aesthetic in the interpretation of the sign on the miraculous three parts and the beginning of the beginning from the slope of the prostration, the repetition, the distance, and this results from the melancholy of the word with the special reproduction in the interpretive possibilities. So, It is one of the surahs with clear rhythmic stylistic features, including expressive charges. This article is built on three main axes: sound, comma, and artistic expression. Through this, we tried in this research to study the crystallized phonemic rhythm in syllabic repetition, comma, equalization, stop, and occasion on the part of ,as well as the artistic expression in drawing the terrifying and frightening picture of the great event in this surah, which indicates broadcasting, dispersal and bloating. And then dividing people into two groups, including the coming of the sikt, which increases in the comma the rhythm and tone specific to the picture drawn for the abyss and the garrison.

Abstract:-
The beginning of the nineteenth century witnessed events, facts, and radical changes that took place in Egypt at all levels, including the scientific and literary development and the intellectual renaissance, some of which came as delicious fruits and of many types. That there are rich literatures and abundant knowledge that reached the horizon at the beginning of that century, and the subject of poetry in Egypt is not an easy topic, as Ibrahim Nagy is considered one of the pioneers of renewal and the flags of contemporary Arab poetry and the mediator of the contract between the constellation of Egyptian poets renewal, which influenced many poets of the modern era. We note that his poetry had its own character, especially his romantic poetry, which was characterized by the renewal of poetry’s music and vitality in its vocabulary and structures, in addition to the power of his imagination in weaving events that make his poetry real and strength, delicate feelings and indescribable feelings, so his ideas and methods were the source of energy in his poetry. In this research, we try to shed light on the subject of poetry in the poem Al Atlal by the poet Ibrahim Naji, who was a poet again in his poetic style in terms of music, poetic weights, description, deep analysis and fertile imagination. Ibrahim Naji was an innovative poet in his vocabulary, the meanings of his words, and the essence of his feelings and emotions. And I ask God Almighty that this work be successful and completed to the fullest and that it be a reference for the benefit of every critic, writer and analyst, and who aspires to delve into a new experience in the field of criticizing the new visions of the poet Ibrahim Naji and to reach in his research his desired goals.

Abstract:-
Man's desire to worship has existed in human nature since the beginning of creation, and man has always sought to find a being to worship in every moment of time and in every corner of the world. Considering the importance of this part of the beliefs of the first man in the Middle East, the authors have studied the texts related to the countries under study in a library method. The findings of the research show that: 1- Gods in Indian mythology are like a living reality that has been worshiped by people for years. The priests attached great importance to the sacrifice ceremony and took charge of this ceremony. Concentration, austerity and meditation have a special place among Hindus. Vedic deities were often personifications of the forces of nature, and each deity had a special function. 2- One of the most important rituals of worship in Iran was related to the worship of the seal. The followers of Mehr cult had a solemn ceremony in their rituals that had difficult tests; They had to go through seven stages. The worship of gods was done in the open air and usually on high mountains and peaks. Vayu Bad has been one of the important gods in Iranian religion, to whom both Ahuramazda and Angreminyu sacrifice. One of the elements that had a special sacredness among the ancient Iranians was fire. 3- Most of the manifestations of nature were sacred to the Chinese. The mountain was one of the most sacred phenomena of nature and they performed special rites and rituals with various sacrifices at the foot of the mountain and for the mountain. Nokoa, the goddess of marriage and the founder of marriage, also has her own special worship ritual. 4- There were two types of Shinto in ancient Japan. One is the belief in the vitality of objects or animism, and the other is a ritual offered by statesmen and rulers, which had a political aspect. It can be said that most Shinto ceremonies were related to purity and purity; But they also had beliefs about fertility. In the early Shinto religion, natural manifestations were worshiped and worshipers worshiped around them. Apart from the formal rituals and universal worship, people also worshiped the gods individually. Buddhism spread more and more in Japan every day, and the Tendai and Shingon branches brought many followers with them. From the 10th century onwards, faith and belief in Amida Buddha (under the influence of China) became common in Japan. 5- Human sacrifice is not seen in Iranian mythology, and it can rarely be seen in Japan. There are all kinds of sacrifices in India. In Chinese mythology, human sacrifice is seen in various forms.

Abstract:-
Most of the Imami jurists, especially the contemporary ones, issued a fatwa permissible surrogacy or surrogacy. Another thing is that the one born from surrogacy, if the owner of the womb is not the owner of the egg, has nothing to do with it. With the child, and the real mother of the child is the owner of the egg, not the one who gave birth to him, although it can be legitimate, as it also applies to the person who gives birth. This article examines the rulings on the rent of the womb and the offspring from the perspective of Imami jurisprudence. Sources are supplemented in the form of a library drawn from texts, books, publications or Internet searches. The research methodology is analytical and descriptive, and various laws and rulings related to the research topic are examined.

Abstract:
Some forbidden works have spread in the contemporary time, which need to clarify the position of the Holy Street on these actions, which threaten the social structure of Islamic societies, including the occurrence of some abusers and outlaws of the provisions of the true Islamic religion through the use of technological development, as they blackmail people and threaten them with defamation Through advanced means for political, social or material purposes, such as obtaining money by threatening people with defamation and publishing personal information about them using these modern scientific means. Eating people's money and obtaining it through extortion and threatening them with defamation is eating money unjustly and it is forbidden. The aim of this study is to shed light on such forbidden acts that threaten people's lives and threaten their social security, and the purpose of this study is to urge officials in Islamic governments to legislate deterrent laws for such prohibited acts.

Abstract:-
The cultural heritage is the bright and shining side in the life of nations, and urbanization is one of these aspects that contributed to advancing the wheel of civilizational progress. However, the lack of sources that talk about this aspect is one of the main problems that hindered the research, so I made an effort in order to come up with a result and make Among that information scattered in the stomachs of books is an independent research that included the definition of the city of Wadi Al-Hajar, its origins, planning and its most important urban landmarks.
The city of Wadi al-Hajar was under the rule of Muslims for more than three and a half centuries, starting from its conquest in the year 94 AH/ 712 AD until its fall in the hands of the Christians in the year 478 AH/ 1085 AD. It was inhabited by Arab Muslims with a Berber majority and they were a model of peaceful coexistence.
However, the important transformation that the city witnessed in terms of urbanization, is its transformation into a gap in the second half of the third century AH/ ninth century AD, which made it one of the main military bases close to the borders of the Christians, which encouraged the Umayyad government, the conquerors, to live in it, establish forts and castles, and build defensive walls And constantly renovating it, which made it become an integrated city, and it had an imprint in the history of the Arab-Islamic civilization and part of the civilization of Andalusia.

Abstract:-
The Holy Quran has posited a set of theories to organize human life, and put it in righteousness and kindness. Among these theories was the theory of reward and punishment which included, in its general frame, protection of society from deviation, whether in reward for kindness or punishment for wrongdoing.
The first research has carried an image from the terrible Devine torture images, which is the turning of earth over its unjust inhabitants when they went away in their corruption and their mockery with the calls of their Prophet (Lot). So, God Almighty delivered the faithful with Lot and destroyed the others.
This application that the application carried, albeit it is a little from much, but it shows the power and greatness of God Almighty to deal with tyranny and disobedient sinners in punishment and torment. He Almighty, also, gave all His creation a warning sign that they should not be safe in God's deception and that He is severe in punishment.